CN114453128A - Hematite beneficiation process - Google Patents
Hematite beneficiation process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114453128A CN114453128A CN202210124674.7A CN202210124674A CN114453128A CN 114453128 A CN114453128 A CN 114453128A CN 202210124674 A CN202210124674 A CN 202210124674A CN 114453128 A CN114453128 A CN 114453128A
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- Prior art keywords
- hematite
- tailings
- magnetic separation
- concentrate
- granularity
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- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, and particularly discloses a hematite ore dressing process, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of crushing hematite lump ore, sieving the crushed hematite lump ore and hematite powder ore together, carrying out high-pressure roller milling to obtain hematite with the granularity smaller than a first granularity, grinding the hematite, carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation to obtain strong magnetic concentrate and tailings with low-intensity magnetic separation, carrying out high-intensity magnetic separation on the tailings with low-intensity magnetic separation to obtain low-intensity magnetic concentrate, concentrating and filtering the low-intensity magnetic concentrate and the strong magnetic concentrate to obtain final iron concentrate, reducing energy consumption and tail leakage while realizing the separation of various hematites at low cost, improving the recovery rate, and avoiding pollution to the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, in particular to a hematite ore dressing process.
Background
Hematite as weakly magnetic iron ore contains a small amount of magnetite, and has uneven impurity embedded particle size, high fine particle content and complicated ore properties. At present, the hematite ore dressing technology mainly comprises the following steps: crushing, grinding, gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation combined separation, filtering and dewatering. In the conventional process, before grinding, the ore is crushed to be less than 12mm in granularity, the grinding granularity is large, the required model of a grinding machine is large, the power consumption is large, and the ore dressing cost is increased; and the chemicals used in the flotation process often cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the conventional process is neither energy-saving nor environment-friendly, and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hematite dressing process, which can realize the separation of various hematites at low cost, reduce energy consumption, reduce tailing loss, improve the recovery rate and cause no pollution to the environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hematite dressing process comprises the following steps:
crushing: crushing the hematite lump ore;
screening: screening the hematite powder ore and the crushed hematite lump ore;
grinding: carrying out high-pressure roller milling on the screened hematite with the granularity being more than or equal to the first granularity, and returning the hematite after the high-pressure roller milling to the screening operation; grinding the screened hematite of less than the first particle size;
grading: classifying the ground hematite to select hematite with a second particle size smaller than the first particle size;
performing low-intensity magnetic separation: performing low-intensity magnetic separation on the powder ore with the granularity smaller than the second granularity, which is selected by classification, and selecting strong-magnetic concentrate and low-intensity magnetic tailings;
strong magnetic separation: carrying out a plurality of sections of strong magnetic separation operation on the tailings subjected to the weak magnetic separation to separate weak magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic tailings;
concentration and filtration: and concentrating and filtering the sorted weak magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic concentrate to obtain final iron concentrate.
Optionally, returning the sized hematite ore greater than or equal to the second particle size to the grinding operation.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and grading the tailings subjected to the strong magnetic separation, and separating coarse-grained tailings and fine-grained tailings.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and dehydrating the coarse-grained tailings to obtain coarse-grained dry tailings.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and concentrating and filtering the fine tailings to obtain fine dry tailings.
Optionally, the first particle size is less than or equal to 3 mm.
Optionally, the second particle size is less than or equal to 0.1 mm.
Optionally, the lump ore has a particle size of greater than or equal to 35 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the hematite with the granularity being smaller than the first granularity is ground after screening by carrying out high-pressure roller milling on the hematite with the granularity being larger than or equal to the first granularity and then returning the hematite after the high-pressure roller milling to screening operation. The particle size of the hematite during grinding can be effectively reduced, the equipment power consumption during grinding is further reduced, and the purpose of reducing the production cost is achieved.
Through setting up fine ore and lump ore binary channels, compare with prior art, the ore dressing passageway is more, can reduce the requirement to the raw ore, increases the application scope of raw ore.
Concentrate is selected by setting a plurality of sections of strong magnetic separation operation, so that on one hand, the recovery rate of the concentrate can be improved, and waste is avoided; on the other hand, compared with the flotation process, the magnetic separation does not cause pollution to the environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hematite beneficiation process provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Where the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions, and where a first feature is "over", "above" and "on" a second feature, it is intended that the first feature is directly over and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention provides a hematite dressing process, which can realize the separation of various hematites at low cost and does not cause pollution to the environment.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the hematite beneficiation process comprises the following steps:
crushing: crushing the hematite lump ore;
screening: screening the hematite powder ore and the crushed hematite lump ore;
grinding: carrying out high-pressure roller milling on the hematite with the granularity larger than or equal to the first granularity, and returning the hematite after the high-pressure roller milling to the screening operation; grinding the screened hematite of less than the first particle size;
grading: classifying the ground hematite to select hematite with a second particle size smaller than the first particle size;
performing low-intensity magnetic separation: carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the hematite with the granularity smaller than the second granularity, which is selected by classification, and selecting strong magnetic concentrate and tailings subjected to low-intensity magnetic separation;
strong magnetic separation: carrying out a plurality of sections of strong magnetic separation operation on the tailings subjected to the weak magnetic separation to separate weak magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic tailings;
concentration and filtration: and concentrating and filtering the separated weak magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic concentrate to obtain final iron concentrate.
Wherein, can select the screen (ing) machine to carry out the screening operation, obtain the oversize hematite and the undersize hematite that the granularity is less than first granularity that the granularity is greater than or equal to first granularity after screening through the screen (ing) machine, in an embodiment, first granularity can be 3 mm. In other embodiments, the first granularity may be less than 3mm, and may be set according to actual needs. Adopt the screen (ing) machine to filter hematite fine ore, can realize reducing the mesh of the granularity of hematite when grinding: on one hand, the qualified size fraction, namely the undersize is transferred to the next link in time through screening, over-grinding is avoided, and meanwhile, the unqualified size fraction, namely the oversize, returns to the high-pressure roller mill and is ground again; on the other hand, the grinding granularity of the next link is strictly controlled by screening, and the power consumption of ore grinding is reduced, so that the production cost is reduced.
Because the granularity of hematite powder is about 30mm generally, consequently, the hematite that is less than first granularity that selects through screening operation is less, consequently, the setting is greater than or equal to first granularity's hematite after will sieving the back granularity and is carried out the high pressure roller mill, then return the hematite after the high pressure roller mill to the screening operation, later carry out the ore grinding, through screening and high pressure roller mill operation, can be under the condition of need not to reject hematite powder, the pan feeding granularity of hematite when reducing the ore grinding, and then reduce the consumption of ore grinding equipment, reach the purpose that reduces manufacturing cost.
The feeding hematite during screening has two channels, one is hematite powder ore, and the granularity is about 30mm generally, and one is hematite lump ore, for hematite lump ore, adopts and breaks earlier then gives into screening operation. Set up two pan feeding passageways, can increase hematite's application scope, avoid extravagant. In this example, the lump ore has a grain size of 35mm or more.
And the low-intensity magnetic separation is adopted to enhance the magnetic separation operation, and compared with the flotation process adopted in the prior art, the method can avoid the use of a medicament and is beneficial to protecting the environment. Through setting up the operation of several sections strong magnetic separation, can improve the rate of recovery of concentrate, avoid extravagant.
Through concentration and filtration operation, redundant water in the strong magnetic concentrate and the weak magnetic concentrate can be removed, and the final iron concentrate meeting the water requirement of the product is obtained. Generally, a thickener is adopted for concentration operation, a filter is adopted for filtering operation, the feed concentration of the filter is preferably 40-60%, and the ore pulp concentration of weak magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic concentrate obtained after weak magnetic separation operation and a plurality of sections of strong magnetic separation operation is lower, so that the thickener is firstly adopted for concentration operation, and the ore pulp concentration of the weak magnetic concentrate and the strong magnetic concentrate reaches the feed concentration of the filter.
Preferably, the liquid concentrated by the concentrator and filtered by the filter is clear water which can be collected in a centralized way and then sent to the place needing water by a water pump for recycling, so that the purpose of saving water is achieved, and the waste of water resources is avoided.
Further, in one embodiment, a ball mill may be used for the grinding operation to further reduce the particle size of the hematite.
Preferably, the hematite with the second granularity or more selected by classification can be returned to the grinding operation to form closed circuit grinding, so that the hematite can be completely utilized, and waste is avoided.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the first cyclone may be used for classification, and the first cyclone is used for classification to obtain grit and overflow, wherein the grit is hematite with a particle size greater than or equal to the second particle size obtained after classification, and the overflow is hematite with a particle size smaller than the second particle size obtained after classification. Because the granularity of the settled sand is coarse and does not reach the monomer dissociation of useful minerals and gangue minerals, the settled sand can be returned to the ore grinding process for secondary grinding through sand return operation to form closed circuit ore grinding so as to ensure the requirement of ore grinding fineness. Through ore grinding-grading operation, the monomer dissociation of useful minerals and gangue minerals can be basically realized, and sufficient preparation is made for subsequent selection links.
Further, in the present embodiment, the fineness of grinding is required to be 65% to 70% for-200 mesh, and therefore, the second grain size may be set to 0.1 mm. In other embodiments, the second granularity may also be set to be less than 0.1mm, and may be set according to actual needs.
Further, in this embodiment, two-stage strong magnetic separation operation is adopted, and weak magnetic concentrate may still exist in the tailings of the strong magnetic separation obtained after the one-stage strong magnetic separation operation, so that tail sweeping by setting the two-stage strong magnetic separation operation can reduce tail leakage amount, and further improve the recovery rate of the concentrate. In general, the field intensity of the strong magnetic separator selected in the two-stage strong magnetic separation operation is larger than the field intensity of the strong magnetic separator in the one-stage strong magnetic separation operation. The strong magnetic separator can be a high-gradient magnetic separator.
Preferably, after each section of strong magnetic separation operation, one-time tailing discarding is carried out to obtain the strong magnetic tailings, so that the feeding amount of the next section of strong magnetic separation operation can be reduced, and the efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate separate treatment of the tailings, classification operation can be performed on the tailings subjected to strong magnetic separation, and coarse-grained tailings and fine-grained tailings are obtained through separation.
Optionally, in one embodiment, a second cyclone may be used for classification to obtain coarse tailings and fine tailings.
Furthermore, because certain requirements are required for the moisture of the tailings, the coarse-grained tailings can be dehydrated to obtain the coarse-grained dry tailings meeting the moisture requirements.
Furthermore, because certain requirements are required for the moisture of the tailings, the fine-grained tailings can be concentrated and filtered, the purpose of dehydrating the fine-grained tailings is achieved, and the fine-grained dry tailings are obtained.
In this embodiment, ball mill pan feeding, ball mill row material, low intensity magnetic separator row material, the strong magnetic separator pan feeding of second, the strong magnetic separator row material of second and pump box wash, ground wash etc. all need use water. Because the ball mill is used for wet grinding, the working concentration is generally 65% -80%, and therefore water needs to be added to carry out size mixing on the fed materials. When the ball mill discharges materials, a slurry pump is used for pumping, and the upper limit of the concentration of the slurry pumped by the slurry pump is 55%, so that water needs to be supplemented to reduce the concentration of the slurry. The concentration of discharged materials of the weak magnetic separator and the strong magnetic separator is generally 45% -55%, the discharged materials are viscous and not easy to fall off, the concentration of fed materials of the strong magnetic separator is generally 20% -30%, water is added for magnetic separation as required, and proper clear water can be added during the last section of strong magnetic separation operation so as to avoid polluting concentrate. Other water points needing to be added can add water through water circulation, and water is saved.
According to the invention, through the high-pressure roller grinding and screening operation, the particle size of the product under the screen can reach below 3mm, the feeding particle size of ore grinding operation is effectively reduced, and the ore grinding power consumption is further reduced; and the high-pressure roller mill has large unit treatment capacity, is matched with screening operation, greatly reduces the production energy consumption and is beneficial to reducing the production cost. Through setting up the lump ore pan feeding passageway, enlarged the granularity scope of ore, improved the universality of above-mentioned hematite ore dressing technology. Through setting up a plurality of sections strong magnetic separation operation, can reduce the volume of running the tail, and then improve the concentrate rate of recovery.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A hematite dressing process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
crushing: crushing the hematite lump ore;
screening: screening the hematite powder ore and the crushed hematite lump ore;
grinding: carrying out high-pressure roller milling on the screened hematite with the granularity being more than or equal to the first granularity, and returning the hematite after the high-pressure roller milling to the screening operation; grinding the screened hematite of less than the first particle size;
grading: classifying the ground hematite to select hematite with a second particle size smaller than the first particle size;
performing low-intensity magnetic separation: carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the hematite with the granularity smaller than the second granularity, which is selected by classification, and selecting strong magnetic concentrate and tailings subjected to low-intensity magnetic separation;
strong magnetic separation: carrying out a plurality of sections of strong magnetic separation operation on the tailings subjected to the weak magnetic separation to separate weak magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic tailings;
concentration and filtration: and concentrating and filtering the sorted weak magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic concentrate to obtain final iron concentrate.
2. A hematite beneficiation process according to claim 1, wherein hematite that is classified to be greater than or equal to the second particle size is returned to grinding operations.
3. The hematite beneficiation process according to claim 1, further comprising:
and grading the tailings subjected to the strong magnetic separation, and separating coarse-grained tailings and fine-grained tailings.
4. The hematite beneficiation process according to claim 3, further comprising:
and dehydrating the coarse-grained tailings to obtain coarse-grained dry tailings.
5. The hematite beneficiation process according to claim 4, further comprising:
and concentrating and filtering the fine tailings to obtain fine dry tailings.
6. The hematite beneficiation process according to claim 1, wherein the first particle size is less than or equal to 3 mm.
7. The hematite beneficiation process according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the second particle size is less than or equal to 0.1 mm.
8. The hematite beneficiation process according to claim 1, wherein the lump ore has a particle size of greater than or equal to 35 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210124674.7A CN114453128A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Hematite beneficiation process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210124674.7A CN114453128A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Hematite beneficiation process |
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| CN114453128A true CN114453128A (en) | 2022-05-10 |
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| CN202210124674.7A Pending CN114453128A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Hematite beneficiation process |
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| CN102319621A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2012-01-18 | 北京科技大学 | Method for raising grade of hematite by biologically reducing and magnetizing and dressing |
| KR20140087389A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-09 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Maghemite powders and their manufacturing process |
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2022
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Application publication date: 20220510 |