CN114451125A - Towed sweet potato harvester - Google Patents

Towed sweet potato harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114451125A
CN114451125A CN202210036179.0A CN202210036179A CN114451125A CN 114451125 A CN114451125 A CN 114451125A CN 202210036179 A CN202210036179 A CN 202210036179A CN 114451125 A CN114451125 A CN 114451125A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sweet potato
transmission
traction
cutters
potato harvester
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210036179.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴卫成
蔡静
张俊
张治国
吴列洪
胡薇薇
郭阳
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Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences filed Critical Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority to CN202210036179.0A priority Critical patent/CN114451125A/en
Publication of CN114451125A publication Critical patent/CN114451125A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D13/00Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00Accessories for digging harvesters

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a traction type sweet potato harvester which comprises a traction device and a harvesting device, wherein the harvesting device comprises a rack, a connecting hanging bracket, an underground excavation part, a transmission part and a transmission part are arranged on the rack, the traction device is connected with the connecting hanging bracket of the harvesting device in a matched mode through a traction rod, a power output shaft of the traction device is matched with the transmission part of the harvesting device in a transmission mode, a rear lifting part is arranged at the rear end of the rack, the upper surface of the rear lifting part is in an inclined shape with a high front part and a high rear part, and the rear lifting part is used for receiving sweet potatoes conveyed from the transmission part and enabling the sweet potatoes to roll down to the ground from the upper surface of the rear lifting part. The back lifting part is arranged, so that the discharging of the sweet potatoes can be buffered, and the surface damage of the sweet potatoes is reduced.

Description

Towed sweet potato harvester
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a traction type sweet potato harvester.
Background
Sweet potatoes, also known as sweet potatoes, are usually grown in ridges, with growing vines on the soil surface and harvested fruits beneath the soil. Most of the collection modes of a small amount of dispersive sweet potato growers are that vines on ridges are cut off firstly by manpower, then the sweet potatoes which come out of the soil are ploughed by going out of the ridges, and finally the sweet potatoes are collected manually. Therefore, not only a great deal of time is wasted, but also the labor cost investment is large, and the economic value of the sweet potatoes is difficult to be equal.
The soil quality of Zhejiang region is special, the soil is hard plate yellow mud when dry, and the mud has great viscosity when wet. If the sweet potatoes are artificially harvested, the cost investment is too large, and the massive fruits such as the sweet potatoes are easy to be frostbitten when being harvested in late autumn in rainy and cold days. Therefore, the mechanical operation for the sweet potato harvesting is urgently needed, and the labor efficiency and the economic value are improved.
Patent CN113141846A discloses a ridge culture potato class harvester, this harvester includes the mount, the adjustable shelf and set up the excavating gear on the adjustable shelf, the harvester still includes the running gear who has the function of marcing, this running gear is connected with the mount, the adjustable shelf activity sets up on the mount, still be equipped with first drive arrangement and second drive arrangement on the harvester, first drive arrangement is used for driving the adjustable shelf around the mount swing, second drive arrangement is used for driving the relative mount left and right sides translation of adjustable shelf. Although the harvester can realize the mechanized operation of the sweet potatoes, the following problems still exist: 1. the sweet potatoes directly roll down to the ground from the tail end of the conveying net chain, and the surface of the sweet potatoes is easily damaged due to lack of buffering; 2. the front end of the harvester adopts a digging shovel which is not provided with gaps and hollow parts and has overlarge resistance; 3. the harvester only has front wheels, lacks rear wheels, and the rear end of the harvester is towed on the ground, so that the power loss is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a technical scheme of a traction type sweet potato harvester.
The utility model provides a towed sweet potato harvester, includes draw gear and harvesting device, harvesting device includes the frame, set up in the frame and connect gallows, excavation part, transmission part and transmission part, draw gear is connected through the draw bar that sets up and harvesting device's the gallows cooperation of being connected, and draw gear's power output shaft and harvesting device's transmission part transmission cooperation, the rear end of frame sets up back raising part, the upper surface of back raising part is the slope form at the end after preceding high, and it is used for accepting the sweet potato that comes from transmission part transport to make the sweet potato roll off subaerial from its upper surface.
Further, the back part of raising includes a plurality of back horizontal poles of raising that set up along left right direction interval, the back horizontal pole of raising is the slope structure at the end behind the preceding high, raises after adjacent and forms the clearance that supplies earth to pass between the horizontal pole.
Further, the excavation part of digging into soil includes a plurality of cutters that set up along left right direction interval, the upper surface of cutter is the high slope form in low back before, and the preceding lower extreme of cutter is sharp-pointed structure, forms the clearance that supplies earth to pass between the adjacent cutter.
Further, the cutter is of a plate-shaped structure.
Furthermore, in the soil-entering excavation component, the front lower ends of the middle cutters are in a symmetrical triangular sharp corner cutter opening shape, and the front lower ends of the left and right cutters are in an inclined triangular cutter opening shape.
Furthermore, the front end of the rack is provided with a front guide wheel set, and the rear end of the rack is provided with a rear driven wheel set.
Furthermore, the front guide wheel set comprises two front wheels which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the soil-entering excavation component.
Furthermore, the transmission part comprises a transmission shaft and a transmission case assembly, the transmission shaft is used for being in transmission fit with a power output shaft of the traction device, and the transmission case assembly is respectively in transmission fit with the transmission shaft and the transmission part.
Further, the transmission component is a conveying network chain mechanism.
Further, the traction device is a wheeled tractor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the rear lifting part is arranged, so that the discharging of the sweet potatoes can be buffered, and the surface damage of the sweet potatoes is reduced;
2) the soil-entering excavation component is provided with a plurality of cutters which are arranged at intervals, and soil can be separated from the gaps of the cutters, so that the resistance of the soil-entering excavation component is reduced;
3) the front guide wheel set and the rear driven wheel set are arranged, so that the front and the rear of the tractor roll on the ground, dragging is avoided, and power loss is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the right-view structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the recovery device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the right view of the harvesting apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the recovery device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outside", "upper", "inside", "horizontal", "coaxial", "central", "end", "length", "outer end", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a traction type sweet potato harvester comprises a traction device 9 and a harvesting device arranged in front and back, the harvesting device comprises a frame 3, a connecting hanger 1, an earth digging part 7, a transmission part 2 and a transmission part 8 are arranged on the frame 3, the connecting hanger 1 is arranged at the front end of the frame 3 and is used for connecting with the traction device 9, the earth digging part 7 is arranged at the front end of the frame 3 and is used for digging sweet potatoes, the transmission part 2 is used for receiving power transmitted by the traction device 9 and transmitting the power to the transmission part 8, the transmission part 8 is used for transmitting the sweet potatoes from the front end of the frame 3 to the back end of the frame 3, wherein the traction device 9 is connected with the connecting hanger 1 of the harvesting device in a matching way through a traction rod 10, a power output shaft of the traction device 9 is matched with the transmission part 2 of the harvesting device in a transmission way, the rear end of the frame 3 is provided with a rear lifting part 4, the upper surface of the rear lifting part 4 is inclined with a high front part and a high rear bottom, and the rear lifting part is used for receiving the sweet potatoes conveyed from the conveying part 8 and rolling the sweet potatoes onto the ground from the upper surface of the rear lifting part.
Continuing to refer to fig. 4, the rear raising member 4 includes a plurality of rear raising crossbars 400 spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction, the rear raising crossbars 400 are inclined rod-shaped structures with a high front portion and a high rear portion, and a gap for soil to pass through is formed between the adjacent rear raising crossbars 400. The back lifting part 4 is at a certain angle with the ground, so that the sweet potatoes conveyed to the back lifting part 4 by the conveying part 8 can be buffered to a certain extent, and the falling damage rate is reduced. The rear raising part 4 can also be designed to adjust the installation included angle between the rear raising part and the ground according to the height of ridge-shaped soil, which is a known technology in the aspect of angle installation and adjustment and is not described in detail.
With continued reference to fig. 2 and 4, the soil excavation component 7 includes a plurality of cutters 700 spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction, the cutters 700 are inclined plate-shaped structures having a lower front portion and a higher rear portion, the lower front portions of the cutters 700 are pointed structures, and gaps for soil to pass through are formed between adjacent cutters 700. Specifically, in the excavation component 7, the front lower ends of the middle cutters 700 are in the shape of symmetrical triangular pointed notches, and the front lower ends of the left and right cutters 700 are in the shape of inclined triangular notches.
When the excavation component 7 is installed, the cutters 700 with the symmetrical triangular-pointed-edge shapes are installed from the middle truss at the front end of the frame 3 to both sides with a certain gap, and the cutters 700 with the inclined triangular-pointed-edge shapes are respectively installed at the left end and the right end of the truss symmetrically. The soil-entering excavation component 7 is a component of the sweet potato harvesting device which is directly in front contact with the ridge-shaped ground, and the cutter group directly bears the resistance of the ridge-shaped ground to the ridge-shaped ground. The soil-entering excavation part 7 can be designed to adjust the installation angle according to different ridge heights so as to adapt to different sweet potato harvesting environments, which is a known technology in the aspect of angle installation and adjustment and is not described in detail; meanwhile, the mounting gap between the cutters can be designed to be adjustable, so that the loads can be dispersed conveniently in the harvesting process, the loads are uniform, massive soil can be separated conveniently from the gap along with the movement of the harvesting device, and the resistance is reduced.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the front end of the frame 3 is provided with a front guide wheel set 6, and the rear end is provided with a rear driven wheel set 5. Specifically, the front guide wheel set 6 includes two front wheels, which are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the excavation component 7. The rear driven wheel group 5 is a follow-up wheel of the harvesting device and moves along with the front guide wheel group 6, the front guide wheel group 6 is symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the front end of the harvesting device, the traction device 9 is a power source for the harvesting device to move, the driving is started through the power output of the traction device 9, and the front guide wheel group 6 moves along with the traction device after displacement; meanwhile, for the harvesting device, the front guide wheel set 6 is a driving wheel, and the rear driven wheel set 5 is a driven device and moves along with the front guide wheel set 6.
Further, the connecting hanger 1 is a hinged part of the traction rod 10 of the traction device 9 and the harvesting device, and the tail end of the connecting hanger 1 is provided with a detachable hinged hole, so that the assembly and the disassembly of the tail end connection part of the traction rod 10 are facilitated.
Further, the transmission part 2 comprises a transmission shaft and a transmission case assembly, the transmission shaft is used for being in transmission fit with a power output shaft of the traction device, and the transmission case assembly is respectively in transmission fit with the transmission shaft and the transmission part 8. The transmission part 2 is connected with a power output shaft of the traction device 9 through a transmission shaft, the power of the traction device 9 is transmitted to the transmission box assembly through the transmission shaft, the transmission box assembly transmits the power to the transmission part 8 through a transmission mechanism, the transmission part 8 operates, and the transmission mechanism can adopt a belt pulley mechanism or a chain wheel mechanism.
Further, the frame 3 is an outer frame of the sweet potato harvesting device and comprises a baffle plate and a truss, and the frame 3 is an outer structural component of the sweet potato harvesting device.
Further, the transmission part 8 is a roller type transmission net chain mechanism, the concrete structure of which can refer to the transmission net chain in patent CN113141846A, the transmission part 8 is a mechanism for transmitting the dug sweet potato out to obtain the sweet potato in the whole sweet potato harvesting operation process, the power transmission shaft in the traction device 9 transmits the power to the transmission part 8 through the transmission part 2, the soil and the sweet potato are separated and screened through mechanical rotation and vibration, the soil falls to the field through the gap between the rollers, and the block sweet potato is continuously transmitted backwards through the rotation between the rollers until falling to the surface of the ground, so as to be convenient for manual collection.
Further, the towing means 9 is preferably a wheeled tractor.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a traction type sweet potato harvester, which comprises a traction device 9, a traction rod 10 and a harvesting device; the harvesting device comprises a connecting hanger 1, a transmission part 2, a frame 3, a rear hoisting part 4, a rear driven wheel group 5, a front guide wheel group 6, an underground excavation part 7 and a transmission part 8. The traction device 9 is a power source of the sweet potato harvesting equipment, and a wheel type tractor is used as a traction power machine; the traction rod 10 is a connecting bridge of the traction device 9 and the harvesting device; the traction device 9 of the invention connects the harvesting device through a traction rod 10; the connecting hanger 1 is a hinged part of the traction rod 10 and the harvesting device, and a detachable hinged hole is formed in the tail end of the connecting hanger 1, so that the assembly and disassembly of the connecting position of the tail end of the traction rod 10 are facilitated; the transmission part 2 comprises a transmission shaft and a transmission case assembly, the transmission part 2 is connected with a power output shaft of the traction device 9 through the transmission shaft, the power of the traction device 9 is transmitted to the transmission case assembly of the harvesting device through the transmission shaft, and the transmission case assembly transmits the power to the transmission part 8 through a transmission mechanism to realize the operation of the transmission part 8; the frame 3 is an outer frame of the harvesting device and comprises a baffle plate and a truss, and the frame 3 is an outer structural component of the harvesting device; the rear lifting part 4 is positioned at the tail end of the whole device, and forms a certain angle with the ground, so that sweet potatoes conveyed to the rear lifting part 4 by the conveying part 8 can be buffered to a certain extent, the falling damage rate is reduced, and the installation included angle between the rear lifting part 4 and the ground can be adjusted according to the device after ridge-shaped soil height adjustment; the rear driven wheel set 5 is a follow-up wheel of the whole harvesting device and walks along with the front guide wheel set 6, the front guide wheel set 6 is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front end of the harvesting device, the power output of the traction device 9 starts to drive, after displacement occurs, the front guide wheel set 6 moves along with the traction device 9, and the rear driven wheel set 5 moves along with the front guide wheel set 6. The transmission part 2 is connected with a power output shaft of the traction device through a transmission shaft, the power of the traction device 9 is transmitted to the transmission box assembly through the transmission shaft, the transmission box assembly transmits the power to the transmission part 8 through a transmission mechanism to realize the operation of the transmission part 8, the transmission part 8 transmits the power to the roller type conveying part through the transmission shaft in the traction device 9, soil and sweet potatoes are separated and screened through mechanical rotation and vibration, the soil falls to the field through gaps between the rollers, and the massive sweet potatoes are continuously conveyed backwards through the rotation between the rollers until falling to the surface of the ground, so that the manual collection is facilitated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a towed sweet potato harvester, includes draw gear (9) and harvesting device, harvesting device includes frame (3), set up on frame (3) and connect gallows (1), dig part (7), transmission part (2) and transmission part (8) into soil, draw gear (9) are connected through traction lever (10) that set up and harvesting device's connection gallows (1) cooperation, and the power output shaft of draw gear (9) and harvesting device's transmission part (2) transmission cooperation, characterized in that, the rear end of frame (3) sets up back uplift part (4), the upper surface of back uplift part (4) is the slope form of high back end in the front, and it is used for accepting the sweet potato that comes from transmission part (8) transport to make the sweet potato roll to the subaerial from its upper surface.
2. The traction type sweet potato harvester according to claim 1, wherein the rear lifting part (4) comprises a plurality of rear lifting cross rods (400) which are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, the rear lifting cross rods (400) are of an inclined structure with a high front part and a high rear part, and gaps for soil to pass through are formed between the adjacent rear lifting cross rods (400).
3. The pull-type sweet potato harvester according to claim 1, wherein the digging part (7) comprises a plurality of cutters (700) arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, the upper surfaces of the cutters (700) are inclined, the front parts of the cutters are low, the rear parts of the cutters (700) are high, the front lower ends of the cutters (700) are of sharp structures, and gaps for soil to pass through are formed between the adjacent cutters (700).
4. Traction-type sweet potato harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that the knife (700) is of plate-like construction.
5. The traction-type sweet potato harvester according to claim 3, wherein in the soil-entering excavation component (7), the front lower ends of the middle cutters (700) are in a symmetrical triangular-pointed-edge-shaped shape, and the front lower ends of the left and right cutters are in an inclined triangular-edge-shaped shape.
6. A traction-type sweet potato harvester according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the frame (3) is provided with a front guide wheel set (6) at the front end and a rear driven wheel set (5) at the rear end.
7. The pull-type sweet potato harvester according to claim 6, wherein the front guide wheel set (6) comprises two front wheels, which are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the soil excavation component (7).
8. A traction-type sweet potato harvester according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the transmission member (2) comprises a transmission shaft for driving engagement with the power take-off shaft of the traction device, and a transmission case assembly for driving engagement with the transmission shaft and the transmission member (8), respectively.
9. A traction-type sweet potato harvester according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the transport element (8) is a conveyor chain mechanism.
10. A pull-type sweet potato harvester according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the pulling device (9) is a wheeled tractor.
CN202210036179.0A 2022-01-13 2022-01-13 Towed sweet potato harvester Pending CN114451125A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210036179.0A CN114451125A (en) 2022-01-13 2022-01-13 Towed sweet potato harvester

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210036179.0A CN114451125A (en) 2022-01-13 2022-01-13 Towed sweet potato harvester

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114451125A true CN114451125A (en) 2022-05-10

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CN202210036179.0A Pending CN114451125A (en) 2022-01-13 2022-01-13 Towed sweet potato harvester

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201174879Y (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-01-07 杨士俊 Potato type digging harvester
KR100912925B1 (en) * 2009-06-19 2009-08-20 이시환 Garlic harvester machine
CN204518461U (en) * 2015-04-17 2015-08-05 甘肃农业大学 Chain guide formula potato harvester
CN204539916U (en) * 2015-03-23 2015-08-12 绍兴文理学院 A kind of potato harvester
CN108738625A (en) * 2018-07-24 2018-11-06 中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所 A kind of group roller group of cassava digging harvester
CN210746059U (en) * 2019-09-04 2020-06-16 沈阳农业大学 Sweet potato harvester's transport separator and sweet potato harvester

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201174879Y (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-01-07 杨士俊 Potato type digging harvester
KR100912925B1 (en) * 2009-06-19 2009-08-20 이시환 Garlic harvester machine
CN204539916U (en) * 2015-03-23 2015-08-12 绍兴文理学院 A kind of potato harvester
CN204518461U (en) * 2015-04-17 2015-08-05 甘肃农业大学 Chain guide formula potato harvester
CN108738625A (en) * 2018-07-24 2018-11-06 中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所 A kind of group roller group of cassava digging harvester
CN210746059U (en) * 2019-09-04 2020-06-16 沈阳农业大学 Sweet potato harvester's transport separator and sweet potato harvester

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Application publication date: 20220510