Ecological environment monitoring system based on remote sensing and geographic information system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a monitoring system, in particular to an ecological environment monitoring system based on a remote sensing and geographic information system.
Background
The Geographic Information System (GIS) is a technical system which is based on computer technology and is used for collecting, storing, managing, analyzing, applying and outputting data related to geographic spatial positions, remote sensing image processing is technology for processing remote sensing images to achieve the expected purpose, the remote sensing images become main information sources of the GIS and serve as core components of the GIS, the GIS is an effective means for managing and analyzing spatial data and helps to improve the utilization value of the images, and the integration of the remote sensing and the GIS gradually becomes a trend and a development trend.
However, the monitoring technical means adopted in the field of ecological environment monitoring is often backward, only local monitoring can be performed, and accurate overall monitoring cannot be performed, in addition, the prior art means has the defects of small range, long time, manpower and material resource consumption and the like when environmental information parameters are measured, and the prior environment monitoring system is respectively built by a plurality of departments at different times, so that the information acquisition parameters are various, the system interconnection is poor, and the information acquisition is not real-time. Therefore, the current scientific and technological means are fully utilized, advanced data processing technology is adopted, and the computer, aerial photography, satellite monitoring, remote sensing technology and the like are organically combined, so that the ecological environment monitoring is more modern and intelligent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the ecological environment monitoring system based on the remote sensing and geographic information system, which has the advantages of wide monitoring range, remote control, automatic real-time remote comprehensive acquisition of ecological environment information and higher intelligent degree.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an ecological environment monitoring system based on remote sensing and geographic information system comprises a plurality of environmental information acquisition devices distributed in a monitored area and a remote monitoring center communicated with the environmental information acquisition devices;
each environment information acquisition device comprises a supporting rod;
the mounting seat is rotatably connected to the top of the supporting rod, a controller and a communication module are mounted in the mounting seat, and the communication module is electrically connected with the controller and the remote monitoring center respectively;
the solar power supply mechanism is fixed on the mounting seat and supplies power to the controller;
the bearing is coaxially fixed on the supporting rod, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with the mounting seat through a connecting rod which is vertically arranged;
the environment monitoring mechanism is arranged on the connecting rod and used for monitoring the environment information of the current region and feeding back the environment information to the controller;
the soil detector, be fixed with a horizontal pole on the outer lane of bearing, the soil detector passes through elevating system and can reciprocate to be connected on the horizontal pole.
The system comprises a plurality of communication modules, and is characterized by further comprising a sink node, wherein the communication modules send collected environment information to the sink node, and the sink node sends the collected environment information to the remote monitoring center at regular time after gathering the environment information. In the structure, the data collected by each environment monitoring mechanism can be collected by the sink node, and the data are sent to the remote monitoring center at regular time, and the time frequency is once every three hours, so that the throughput of the data can be reduced, and the background statistics can be conveniently carried out by the remote monitoring center.
The solar power supply mechanism comprises a solar panel, a storage battery and a photovoltaic charging controller, wherein the solar panel is obliquely fixed at the top of the mounting seat, the storage battery and the photovoltaic charging controller are respectively fixed in the mounting seat, and the photovoltaic charging controller is respectively connected with the solar panel and the storage battery electrically. In this structure, solar cell panel charges the battery to realize the long-time outdoor use of device, battery and photovoltaic charge controller are fixed respectively in the mount pad, have avoided exposing, play better guard action.
The rotary mechanism is arranged between the mounting seat and the top of the supporting rod and comprises a first motor, an inner tooth type turntable bearing and a gear, the first motor is fixed in the supporting rod, the gear is coaxially fixed with an output shaft of the first motor, an outer ring of the inner tooth type turntable bearing is fixed at the top of the supporting rod, an inner ring of the inner tooth type turntable bearing is meshed with the gear, and the mounting seat is fixed on the upper surface of the inner ring of the inner tooth type turntable bearing. In this structure, interior tooth-like carousel bearing can bear great axial load simultaneously, comprehensive load such as radial load and overturning moment, collect the supporting, it is rotatory, the transmission, multiple functions such as fixed, when first motor during operation, drive gear revolve, because gear and interior tooth-like carousel bearing's inner circle are fixed, consequently, gear revolve's inner circle can drive interior tooth-like carousel bearing's inner circle and rotate, and the mount pad is fixed on the up end of interior tooth-like carousel bearing inner circle, the rotation of mount pad has finally been realized, can gather more sunshine on the one hand like this, on the other hand can monitor current environment in certain region, and not being limited to fixed position, the accuracy of data has been improved greatly.
The environment monitoring mechanism comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind power and wind direction sensor, a PM2.5 sensor, an ultraviolet intensity detector, a smoke detector and a noise detector, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor, the wind power and wind direction sensor, the PM2.5 sensor and the ultraviolet intensity detector are respectively electrically connected with the controller. In the structure, a temperature and humidity sensor is used for collecting temperature and humidity information of the current environment and feeding back the temperature and humidity information to a controller; the wind direction sensor is used for collecting wind direction information of wind power of the current environment and feeding the wind direction information back to the controller; the PM2.5 sensor is used for collecting the dust concentration of the current environment and feeding back the dust concentration to the controller; the ultraviolet intensity detector is used for collecting the ultraviolet intensity of the current environment and feeding back the ultraviolet intensity to the controller; the smoke detector is used for collecting the concentration information of smoke in the current environment and feeding the concentration information back to the controller, so that fire prevention is realized; the noise detector is used for collecting the noise of the current environment and feeding the noise back to the controller, and finally multi-angle monitoring of the current environment is achieved, so that current environment information can be known more comprehensively.
And a camera shooting assembly is fixed on the side wall of the supporting rod and is electrically connected with the controller. In the structure, the camera shooting assembly is used for shooting image information of the current environment, the image information is sent to the controller after data conversion, and the controller feeds back the image information to the remote monitoring center, so that the field condition can be known in real time.
The lifting mechanism comprises a worm gear lead screw lifter and a second motor, the worm gear lead screw lifter is arranged on the cross rod through a moving mechanism, the second motor is fixed on an input shaft of the worm gear lead screw lifter, and the soil detector is connected with a moving end of the worm gear lead screw lifter. In this structure, adopt lead screw drive's mode to drive soil detection meter and go up and down, the transmission is comparatively steady, and easily control, and wherein worm wheel lead screw lift is prior art, and it is under the drive of second motor, and the removal end can the up-and-down motion to this drives soil detection meter synchronous movement.
The moving mechanism comprises a third motor, a driving screw rod and a nut seat, a sliding cavity is formed in the cross rod, the driving screw rod is rotatably arranged in the sliding cavity, one end of the driving screw rod extends out of the sliding cavity and then is coaxially fixed with an output shaft of the third motor, the nut seat is in threaded connection with the driving screw rod, and the nut seat is fixed with the worm gear screw rod lifter. In this structure, moving mechanism's setting is used for driving and surveys the meter horizontal migration on the horizontal pole, reaches and monitors information such as soil moisture, pH value to this region to feed back the purpose of controller with the monitoring result, monitoring data is comparatively comprehensive, its concrete during operation, and third motor work drives the drive lead screw and rotates, and the nut seat of being connected with the drive lead screw can horizontal displacement, finally drives the displacement of worm wheel lead screw lift and soil detection meter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the mounting seat is rotatably connected to the top of the supporting rod, so that the solar power supply mechanism can be driven to rotate conveniently, the optimal illumination intensity is obtained, and the lasting operation of the equipment is ensured;
2. the environment monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring environment information of the area where the environment monitoring mechanism is located, the environment information is sent to the controller after being collected, the controller feeds back the information to the remote monitoring center through the communication module, remote unmanned automatic collection is achieved, monitoring efficiency is greatly improved, and manual burden is reduced;
3. the soil detection meter is arranged to monitor soil moisture and PH information in an area where the soil detection meter is located, the soil detection meter can move along with the bearing, the outer ring of the bearing is fixed with the mounting seat through the connecting rod, circumferential displacement of the soil detection meter is achieved while the mounting seat rotates, control is convenient, the soil detection meter is connected to the cross rod through the lifting mechanism, and the purpose of automatic lifting collection is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the flow of the present invention in operation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a rotating mechanism according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the moving mechanism of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in the figure, the ecological environment monitoring system based on the remote sensing and geographic information system comprises a plurality of environmental information acquisition devices distributed in a monitored area and a remote monitoring center 1 communicated with the environmental information acquisition devices;
each environment information acquisition device comprises a support rod 21;
the mounting seat 22 is rotatably connected to the top of the support rod 21, a controller 31 and a communication module 32 are installed in the mounting seat 22, and the communication module 32 is electrically connected with the controller 31 and the remote monitoring center 1 respectively;
the solar power supply mechanism 4 is fixed on the mounting seat 22 and supplies power to the controller 31;
the bearing 5 is coaxially fixed on the support rod 21, and the outer ring of the bearing 5 is fixedly connected with the mounting seat 22 through a connecting rod 51 which is vertically arranged;
the environment monitoring mechanism 6 is arranged on the connecting rod 51 and used for monitoring the environment information of the current region and feeding back the environment information to the controller 31;
the soil detector 7 is fixed with a cross rod 8 on the outer ring of the bearing 5, and the soil detector 7 can be connected to the cross rod 8 through a lifting mechanism 9 in an up-and-down moving mode.
Example two: as shown in the figure, different from the first embodiment, the remote monitoring system further includes a sink node 33, the plurality of communication modules 32 send the collected environment information to the sink node 33, and the sink node 33 sends the collected environment information to the remote monitoring center 1 at regular time after collecting the environment information. In the structure, the sink node 33 is arranged to collect the data collected by each environment monitoring mechanism 6 and send the data to the remote monitoring center 1 at regular time, and the time frequency is once every three hours, so that the data throughput can be reduced, and the remote monitoring center 1 can perform background statistics conveniently.
The solar power supply mechanism 4 comprises a solar panel 41, a storage battery 42 and a photovoltaic charge controller 43, wherein the solar panel 41 is obliquely fixed on the top of the mounting seat 22, the storage battery 42 and the photovoltaic charge controller 43 are respectively fixed in the mounting seat 22, and the photovoltaic charge controller 43 is respectively electrically connected with the solar panel 41 and the storage battery 42. In this structure, solar cell panel 41 charges battery 42 to realize the long-time outdoor use of device, battery 42 and photovoltaic charge controller 43 are fixed respectively in mount pad 22, have avoided exposing, play better guard action.
A rotating mechanism 93 is arranged between the mounting seat 22 and the top of the supporting rod 21, the rotating mechanism 93 comprises a first motor 94, an inner tooth type turntable bearing 95 and a gear 96, the first motor 94 is fixed in the supporting rod 21, the gear 96 is coaxially fixed with an output shaft of the first motor 94, an outer ring of the inner tooth type turntable bearing 95 is fixed at the top of the supporting rod 21, an inner ring of the inner tooth type turntable bearing 95 is meshed with the gear 96, and the mounting seat 22 is fixed on the upper surface of the inner ring of the inner tooth type turntable bearing 95. In this structure, interior tooth-like slewing bearing 95 can bear synthetic load such as great axial load, radial load and overturning moment simultaneously, multiple functions such as collection supporting, it is rotatory, transmission, fixed are integrated into one whole, when first motor 94 worked, drive gear 96 and rotate, because gear 96 and interior tooth-like slewing bearing 95's inner circle are fixed, consequently can drive interior tooth-like slewing bearing 95's inner circle and rotate when gear 96 rotates, and mount pad 22 is fixed on the up end of interior tooth-like slewing bearing 95 inner circle, the rotation of mount pad 22 has finally been realized, can gather more sunshine on the one hand like this, on the other hand can monitor current environment in certain area, and not be limited to fixed position, the accuracy nature of data has been improved greatly.
Example three: as shown in the drawing, unlike the second embodiment, the environment monitoring means 6 includes a temperature and humidity sensor 61, a wind direction sensor 62, a PM2.5 sensor 63, an ultraviolet intensity detector 64, a smoke detector 65, and a noise detector 66, and the temperature and humidity sensor 61, the wind direction sensor 62, the PM2.5 sensor 63, and the ultraviolet intensity detector 64, the smoke detector 65, and the noise detector 66 are electrically connected to the controller 31, respectively. In this structure, temperature and humidity sensor 61 is used for gathering the temperature and the humidity information of current environment, and feed back to controller 31, wind-force wind direction sensor 62 is used for gathering the wind-force wind direction information of current environment, and feed back to controller 31, PM2.5 sensor 63 is used for gathering the dust concentration of current environment, and feed back to controller 31, ultraviolet intensity detector 64 is used for gathering the ultraviolet intensity of current environment, and feed back to controller 31, smoke detector 65 is used for gathering the concentration information of the smog of current environment, and feed back to controller 31, realize fire prevention with this, noise detector 66 is used for gathering the noise size of current environment, and feed back to controller 31, finally realize the multi-angle monitoring of current environment, thereby more comprehensive understanding current environmental information.
A camera module 67 is fixed on the side wall of the support rod 21, and the camera module 67 is electrically connected with the controller 31. In the structure, the camera shooting assembly is used for shooting image information of the current environment, the data is converted and then sent to the controller 31, and the controller 31 feeds back the data to the remote monitoring center 1, so that the field condition is obtained in real time.
The lifting mechanism 9 comprises a worm gear lead screw lifter 91 and a second motor 92, the worm gear lead screw lifter 91 is arranged on the cross rod 8 through the moving mechanism 71, the second motor 92 is fixed on an input shaft of the worm gear lead screw lifter 91, and the soil detector 7 is connected to a moving end of the worm gear lead screw lifter 91. In this structure, adopt lead screw drive's mode to drive soil detection meter 7 and go up and down, the transmission is comparatively steady, and it is easily controlled, and wherein worm wheel lead screw lift 91 is prior art, and it is under the drive of second motor 92, and the removal end can the up-and-down motion to this drives soil detection meter 7 synchronous movement.
The moving mechanism 71 comprises a third motor 72, a driving screw 73 and a nut seat 74, a sliding cavity 81 is formed in the cross bar 8, the driving screw 73 is rotatably arranged in the sliding cavity 81, one end of the driving screw 73 extends out of the sliding cavity 81 and then is coaxially fixed with an output shaft of the third motor 72, the nut seat 74 is screwed on the driving screw 73, and the nut seat 74 is fixed with the worm screw elevator 91. In this structure, the setting of moving mechanism 71 is used for driving the detection meter horizontal migration on horizontal pole 8, reach and monitor information such as soil moisture, pH value to this region, and feed back the purpose of controller with the monitoring result, monitoring data is comparatively comprehensive, its concrete during operation, third motor 72 work drives drive screw 73 and rotates, and the nut seat 74 of being connected with drive screw 73 can horizontal displacement, finally drives worm screw lift 91 and the displacement of soil detection meter 7.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and the present invention may be modified in materials and structures, or replaced with technical equivalents. Therefore, structural equivalents made by using the description and drawings of the present invention or by directly or indirectly applying to other related arts are also encompassed within the scope of the present invention.