CN114428225B - Multi-radiation source arrival angle measuring method and device based on quasi-matched filtering - Google Patents
Multi-radiation source arrival angle measuring method and device based on quasi-matched filtering Download PDFInfo
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- CN114428225B CN114428225B CN202210353702.2A CN202210353702A CN114428225B CN 114428225 B CN114428225 B CN 114428225B CN 202210353702 A CN202210353702 A CN 202210353702A CN 114428225 B CN114428225 B CN 114428225B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/143—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction by vectorial combination of signals derived from differently oriented antennae
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/46—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using antennas spaced apart and measuring phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems
- G01S3/48—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using antennas spaced apart and measuring phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems the waves arriving at the antennas being continuous or intermittent and the phase difference of signals derived therefrom being measured
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring the arrival angle of multiple radiation sources based on quasi-matched filtering, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first signal received by an antenna array; the first signal is a synthetic signal of electromagnetic pulses radiated by a plurality of homotype radiation sources in space; amplifying, filtering, down-converting and analog-to-digital converting the first signal to obtain a first digital signal; obtaining a reconstructed sample signal of the first digital signal according to the pulse leading edge detection and the full pulse parameter measurement; obtaining a weighted phase discrimination result according to the reconstructed sample signal and the quasi-matched filtering processing; and obtaining the arrival angles of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the plurality of radiation sources according to the weighted phase discrimination result. The invention can carry out direction finding on signals simultaneously arriving by a plurality of radiation sources of the same type, the direction finding performance is not influenced by the number of the radiation sources under the condition of limited number of array elements, and the correct direction finding can be carried out under the condition that the number of the array elements is less than or equal to the number of the radiation sources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of array signal processing, in particular to a multi-radiation-source arrival angle measuring method and device based on quasi-matched filtering.
Background
The traditional interferometer direction finding measures the arrival angle of a signal by utilizing the phase difference of the same signal received by each array element of an array antenna. The traditional phase interferometer direction finding method can only measure the arrival angle of a single radiation source. For a multi-radiation source scene, because the baseline phase difference can only reflect the synthesized phase center information, the interferometer direction finding method cannot obtain a correct arrival angle measurement result.
The conventional array direction finding algorithm is mainly represented by a Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) method. The existing MUSIC direction-finding algorithm decomposes the characteristic value of an array received data covariance matrix and utilizes a signal subspace and a noise subspaceThe orthogonality of the spectrum is obtained through an angle searching process, and the position of the maximum value of the spectrum peak corresponds to the arrival angle of the signal.
The MUSIC algorithm can measure the arrival angles of a plurality of radiation sources, but theoreticallyAt most, each array element can only measureThe arrival angles of the radiation sources are more, the performance of the MUSIC algorithm is more obviously reduced when the number of the radiation sources is more than or equal to the number of the array elements, and the MUSIC algorithm is completely ineffective when the number of the radiation sources is more than or equal to the number of the array elements.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for measuring an arrival angle of multiple radiation sources based on quasi-matched filtering, which can perform direction finding on signals arriving from multiple radiation sources at the same time, and under the condition that the number of array elements is limited, the direction finding performance is not affected by the number of radiation sources, and can perform correct direction finding under the condition that the number of array elements is less than or equal to the number of radiation sources.
The invention discloses a multi-radiation source arrival angle measuring method based on quasi-matched filtering, which comprises the following steps of:
step 2, amplifying, filtering, down-converting and analog-to-digital converting the first signal to obtain a first digital signal;
step 3, obtaining a reconstructed sample signal of the first digital signal according to pulse leading edge detection and full pulse parameter measurement;
step 4, obtaining a weighted phase discrimination result according to the reconstructed sample signal and the quasi-matched filtering processing;
and 5, obtaining the arrival angles of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the plurality of radiation sources according to the weighted phase discrimination result.
Optionally, step 1 specifically includes:
Assuming existence in spaceThe same type radiation source has the same signal characteristic parameters, and the electromagnetic pulse signal waveform of the radiation is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,which represents a rectangular pulse of the shape of the square,it is shown that the width of the pulse,represents the chirp rate;delay exists on the time sequence of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the radiation sources of the same type; based on the arrival time of the leading edge of the first radiation source pulse, thenThe arrival time of the leading edge of each radiation source pulse is delayed by;
Antenna array composed ofThe antenna is composed of antennas, and the array receivesThe composite signal of the spatial superposition of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the individual radiation sources is represented by
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is shown asThe number of pulses of the radiation source is,representing a transmission delay; received by an antenna arrayElectromagnetic pulse signal radiated by radiation source of same typeIs regarded as a signalA sum signal of different delays superimposedElectromagnetic pulse signal radiated by radiation source of same typeIs the first signal.
Optionally, step 2 specifically includes:
first signalAmplifying and filtering the signals by a microwave front end, converting the signals into intermediate frequency signals by a down-conversion component, and finally performing multi-channel digital acquisition on the signals by a multi-channel digital acquisition modulePerforming digital sampling to obtain a first digital signal,With a sampling period ofThe sampling length is。
Optionally, step 3 specifically includes:
Using short-time Fourier transform to the first digital signalCarrying out time-frequency analysis on the signals, and measuring to obtain a pulse width, a frequency modulation bandwidth and a frequency modulation mode; due to differences in time delay, sum signalCan be a single signal, taking the leading edge of the pulseDigital sampling signal in time as digital sample of leading edge pulse signal,For the sample signalEstimating the chirp rate by short time Fourier transformAnd combining the first digital signalsMeasuring the signal to obtain a reconstructed sample signal。
Optionally, step 4 includes:
step 41, constructing a quasi-matched filtering function according to the reconstructed sample signal, and performing quasi-matched filtering processing on the received signal of each channel;
and 42, outputting a result according to the quasi-matched filtering of each channel, and performing filtering peak value detection and phase discrimination processing to obtain a weighted phase discrimination result.
Optionally, step 41 specifically includes:
from reconstructed sample signalsSelecting a quasi-matched filter functionThen the first digital signal passes through a quasi-matched filterThe latter output is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,passing the first digital signal through a quasi-matched filterAnd outputting the result.
Optionally, step 42 specifically includes:
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,in order to be the first digital signal, the first digital signal is,a quasi-matched filter;
selected in each filtered output peakThe maximum value points are respectively subjected to phase discrimination, and then the phase discrimination result is subjected to weighting processing;
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is shown asBase ofThreadTo go toSelected from signal filtering peaksThe phase discrimination result of the maximum value point,is a phase discrimination weighting coefficient.
Optionally, step 5 specifically includes:
by the least square method of formula (6), obtainingThe angle-of-arrival measurements of the individual signals,
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is as followsThe angle-of-arrival measurements of the individual signals,is as followsThe number of the base lines is one,is as followsA signal is atThe phase difference of (3).
The invention also discloses a multi-radiation source arrival angle measuring device based on quasi-matched filtering, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first signal received by the antenna array; the first signal is a synthetic signal of electromagnetic pulses radiated by a plurality of homotype radiation sources in space;
the processing module is used for carrying out amplification, filtering, down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the first signal to obtain a first digital signal;
the reconstruction module is used for obtaining a reconstructed sample signal of the first digital signal according to the pulse leading edge detection and the full pulse parameter measurement;
The phase demodulation module is used for obtaining a weighted phase demodulation result according to the reconstructed sample signal and the quasi-matched filtering processing;
and the calculation module is used for obtaining the arrival angles of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the plurality of radiation sources according to the weighted phase discrimination result.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: compared with the conventional interferometer direction finding and MUSIC super-resolution direction finding methods, the method can be used for carrying out direction finding on signals arriving from multiple radiation sources at the same time, the direction finding performance is not influenced by the number of the radiation sources under the condition that the number of the array elements is limited, and correct direction finding can be carried out under the condition that the number of the array elements is less than or equal to the number of the radiation sources. The hardware condition required by the method is the same as that of the conventional interferometer direction finding, and compared with the conventional interferometer direction finding method, the calculated amount is only increased by quasi-matched filtering processing and is far lower than that of the MUSIC super-resolution direction finding method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional interferometer direction finding principle in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring an angle of arrival of multiple radiation sources based on quasi-matched filtering according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating timing relationships of electromagnetic pulse signals from multiple radiation sources according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an angle of arrival measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a quasi-matched filtering result according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a root mean square error measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the comparison result between the conventional interferometer and MUSIC method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it being understood that the examples described are only some of the examples and are not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments described herein. All other embodiments available to those of ordinary skill in the art are intended to be within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
The conventional interferometer direction finding measures the arrival angle of a signal by using the phase difference of the same signal received by each array element of an array antenna, as shown in fig. 1, the basic principle is briefly described as follows:
Far field signal in space at angle of arrivalIncident on the array, with signals from the elements inThe blurred phase difference within the interval can be expressed as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,for the length of each base line,as to the wavelength of the signal, is,,is a constant number of times, and is,is the signal frequency. And correcting the ambiguity resolution and the phase by using the phase relation of the long baseline and the short baseline so as to obtain the arrival angle of the signal.
The traditional phase interferometer direction finding method can only measure the arrival angle of a single radiation source. For a multi-radiation source scene, because the baseline phase difference can only reflect the synthesized phase center information, the interferometer direction finding method cannot obtain a correct arrival angle measurement result.
The conventional array direction finding algorithm is mainly represented by a Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) method.
For in spaceThe individual far-field signals are incident on the array,array of time of day receiving dataComprises the following steps:
in the formulaThe flow pattern of the array is shown,which represents a vector of the steering of the signal,is shown asThe angle of arrival of the individual signals,in the form of a vector of signals,is a noise vector.
The existing MUSIC direction-finding algorithm decomposes the characteristic value of an array received data covariance matrix and utilizes a signal subspace and a noise subspace The orthogonality of the spectrum is obtained through an angle search process, the position of the maximum value of the spectrum peak corresponds to the arrival angle of the signal, and the calculation formula of the spectrum peak search is as follows
The MUSIC algorithm can measure the arrival angles of a plurality of radiation sources, but theoreticallyAt most, each array element can only measureAngle of arrival of the radiation source, pairUnder the condition that the number of the array elements is limited, the performance of the MUSIC algorithm is obviously reduced when the number of the radiation sources is more, and the MUSIC algorithm is completely failed when the number of the radiation sources is more than or equal to the number of the array elements.
In view of the foregoing, the following embodiments are provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides an embodiment of a quasi-matched filtering based multiple radiation source angle-of-arrival measurement method, comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring a first signal received by the antenna array; the first signal is a synthetic signal of electromagnetic pulses radiated by a plurality of homotype radiation sources in space;
s2, amplifying, filtering, down-converting and carrying out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the first signal to obtain a first digital signal;
s3, obtaining a reconstructed sample signal of the first digital signal according to the pulse leading edge detection and the full pulse parameter measurement;
S4, obtaining a weighted phase discrimination result according to the reconstructed sample signal and the quasi-matched filtering processing;
and S5, obtaining the arrival angles of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the plurality of radiation sources according to the weighted phase discrimination result.
Specifically, the specific implementation steps of this embodiment are as follows:
due to the difference of transmission paths, the time of reaching the receiving antenna array also has difference, and the electromagnetic pulses of the multiple radiation sources have incomplete coincidence. Assuming existence in spaceThe same type radiation source has the same signal characteristic parameters, and the electromagnetic pulse signal waveform of the radiation is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,which represents a rectangular pulse that is,it is shown that the width of the pulse,indicating the chirp rate.The timing relationship of electromagnetic pulse signals for individual homogeneous radiation sources can be represented by fig. 3. Based on the arrival time of the leading edge of the first radiation source pulseThe arrival time of the leading edge of each radiation source pulse is delayed by。
Antenna array composed ofThe antenna is composed of antennas, and the array receivesThe composite signal of the spatial superposition of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the radiation sources can be expressed as
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is shown asThe number of pulses of the radiation source is,representing the transmission delay. As can be seen from equation (4), the antenna array receives Electromagnetic pulse signal radiated by radiation source of same typeCan be regarded as a signalA sum signal formed by the superposition of different delays. SignalAmplifying and filtering the signals by a microwave front end, converting the signals into intermediate frequency signals by a down-conversion component, and finally performing multi-channel digital acquisition on the signals by a multi-channel digital acquisition moduleDigital sampling is performed (sampling period isThe sampling length is) To obtain a digital signal,. Using STFT (short time Fourier transform) pairsAnd carrying out time-frequency analysis on the signals, and measuring to obtain information such as pulse width, frequency modulation bandwidth, frequency modulation mode and the like. Due to differences in time delay, the sum signal is typicallyThe leading edge of the pulse is a single signal, and the leading edge of the pulse is takenDigital sampling signal in time as digital sample of leading edge pulse signal,For the sample signalEstimation of chirp slope by STFTAnd a combined pairMeasuring the signal to form a sample signal。Is toThe reconstruction result of the signal in the digital domain can be approximately regarded asAfter digital sampling of the signalThe signal waveforms match. Selecting a quasi-matched filter functionThe signal passes through a quasi-matched filterThe latter output is
As can be seen from the formula (7),passing through a quasi-matched filter After that, the air conditioner is started to work,because the arrival time of the electromagnetic pulse signals of each radiation source is different, the signals on each antenna are filtered at different time delays in the time domain to output arrival peaks, and therefore the signals can be output through quasi-matched filtering of each antenna on the arrayA peak value realization pairAnd detecting electromagnetic pulse signals of the radiation sources.
Due to the fact thatThe different time delays of the quasi-matched filtering output peak value corresponding signals of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the radiation sources on each antenna on the time domain, so the number of the radiation sourcesThe number of array elements of the array antenna is not limitedCan be atUnder the condition of (2) to realize the correct measurement of the arrival angle of each radiation source signal. To the arrayFiltered output on a single antennaThe peak values are respectively processed by phase discrimination to obtainA signal is atPhase difference of each base line on each antenna. Due to quasi-matched filter functionTo do soIs to use the parameter measurement result pairThe result of the reconstruction of the signal in the digital domain, and indeedThe waveform after signal digital sampling has certain reconstruction error compared with that of the waveformMultiple extrema may occur in the quasi-matched filtered output peaks of the individual signals. Selected in each filtered output peakAnd (4) respectively demodulating the phase of the maximum value points, and then weighting the demodulation result. Order to ,,Denotes the firstA signal ofA base lineA phase difference of (3) thenCan be expressed as
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is shown asA base lineTo go toSelected among signal filtering peaksThe phase discrimination result of the maximum value point,is a phase discrimination weighting coefficient. Finally, the least square method shown in the formula (9) is utilized to obtainAngle of arrival measurements of the individual signals.
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is as followsThe angle-of-arrival measurements of the individual signals,is as followsThe number of the base lines is one,is as followsA signal is atThe phase difference of (3).
In the multiple radiation source arrival angle measurement method based on quasi-matched filtering, a reconstructed sample signal is detected through a pulse leading edge, peak value information is output by the quasi-matched filtering introduced by pulse time sequence difference, and multiple radiation sources are subjected to independent phase discrimination processing on different antennas, so that the arrival angles of the multiple radiation sources can be measured under the condition that the number of array elements is less than or equal to that of the radiation sources, and a schematic block diagram of the method is shown in fig. 4.
Example two:
the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The present embodiment is carried out on the premise of the technical method of the present invention, and detailed embodiments are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment examples.
In this embodiment, the radiation test is performed in a microwave dark room. The method provided by the invention is adopted to measure the arrival angle of 8 radiation source signals with the center frequency of 7GHz, wherein the radiation source conditions are set as follows:
1) setting 8 signal sources as clock synchronous working modes, generating synchronous pulse signals, wherein the central frequency is 9GHz, the repetition frequency is 1000 mus, the pulse width is 10 mus, the signal bandwidth is 30MHz, the modulation mode is linear frequency modulation, the radiation source signals are overlapped on the time domain, and the time delay is respectively set as 0 mus, 1.1 mus, 2.3 mus, 3.5 mus, 4.6 mus, 5.7 mus, 6.5 mus and 7.8 mus.
2) 8 radiation source antennas are erected in the darkroom, the angles are respectively-17 degrees, -11 degrees, -6 degrees, -1 degree, 3 degrees, 8 degrees, 15 degrees and 20 degrees, and the radiation source antennas are connected to the radio frequency output ends of 8 signal sources through radio frequency cables.
The method for measuring the arrival angles of signals of multiple radiation sources provided by the invention is adopted, and the block diagram of the implementation example is shown in FIG. 5, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) adopting 4 unit antennas to form a direction-finding array, adopting a microwave front end and a down-conversion channel to amplify and down-convert a received radio-frequency signal to an intermediate-frequency signal, adopting a multi-channel digital acquisition board to perform parallel sampling on 4 paths of intermediate-frequency signals, detecting a pulse front edge, and transmitting sampling data to a signal processor for storage and processing;
2) For the leading edge of the pulseSampling the signal in time, measuring parameters of full pulse, and reconstructing sample signal by using measured FM slope, pulse width, FM bandwidth, etc;
3) Constructing a quasi-matched filter function from a sample signalPerforming quasi-matched filtering processing on the received signals of the 4 channels according to formula (6) in the first embodiment to obtain filtering output results of the 4 channels;
4) detecting a filtering output peak value according to the formula (7) in the first embodiment, performing weighted phase discrimination according to the formula (8) in the first embodiment, finally calculating the phase difference between channels, and completing the measurement of the arrival angle of each radiation source signal according to the formula (9) in the first embodiment;
5) under the same condition, comparing the arrival angle measurement results of the method and the conventional interferometer and MUSIC algorithm;
6) under different signal-to-noise ratios, the root mean square error of the angle of arrival measurement of the 8 radiation source signals is counted (counted according to the processing result of 1000 pulse data).
As shown in fig. 6, after the electromagnetic pulse signal passes through the quasi-matched filter function constructed from the sample signal, due to the difference in pulse timing, the multiple radiation source signals reach peak values at different delays after passing through the quasi-matched filter output, and the detection, weighted phase detection, and the like of the multiple radiation sources can be respectively processed according to equation (8) in the first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 7, the sample signalObtained by signal reconstruction using parametric measurements, and actualThe signal digital sampling waveform has a certain reconstruction error compared with the signal digital sampling waveform. RMSE represents the direction-finding root mean square error, SNRi represents the signal-to-noise ratio of the sample signal, and SNR represents the detection signal-to-noise ratio. When the signal reconstruction error is large (SNRi = 5 dB), the root mean square error of the multiple radiation sources is not more than 0.2 degrees under the condition of high detection signal-to-noise ratio; when the reconstruction error is small (SNRi = 10 dB), the maximum root mean square error of the multiple radiation sources in the direction of measurement is not more than 0.2 degrees under the condition of low detection signal-to-noise ratio, and the maximum root mean square error of the multiple radiation sources in the direction of measurement is not more than 0.1 degrees under the condition of high signal-to-noise ratio.
As shown in fig. 8, when the number of the direction-finding antenna array element antennas is 4 and the number of the radiation source signals is 8, the arrival angles of all 8 radiation source signals can be correctly measured by using the method (in the figure, the inverted triangle) of the present invention. In contrast, if the conventional interferometer direction finding method (o in the figure) is adopted, only 1 wrong arrival angle calculated by the synthesized phase center information can be output, and the correct arrival angle measurement result of the multiple radiation sources cannot be obtained; such as the MUSIC direction-finding method (shown in the figure) ) Only 3 arrival angles can be output under the limitation of the number of the unit antennas, and the error is larger than an actual value, so that the correct direction finding of the multiple radiation sources cannot be realized. Therefore, the method provided by the invention has obviously better processing performance on signals of multiple radiation sources than the conventional interferometer direction finding and MUSIC direction finding methods.
Example three:
the invention also provides an embodiment of a multi-radiation source arrival angle measuring device based on quasi-matched filtering, which comprises the following steps:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first signal received by the antenna array; the first signal is a synthetic signal of electromagnetic pulses radiated by a plurality of homotype radiation sources in space;
the processing module is used for carrying out amplification, filtering, down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the first signal to obtain a first digital signal;
the reconstruction module is used for obtaining a reconstructed sample signal of the first digital signal according to the pulse leading edge detection and the full pulse parameter measurement;
the phase discrimination module is used for obtaining a weighted phase discrimination result according to the reconstructed sample signal and the quasi-matched filtering processing;
and the calculation module is used for obtaining the arrival angles of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the plurality of radiation sources according to the weighted phase discrimination result.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A multi-radiation source arrival angle measuring method based on quasi-matched filtering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring a first signal received by an antenna array; the first signal is a synthetic signal of electromagnetic pulses radiated by a plurality of homotype radiation sources in space;
step 2, amplifying, filtering, down-converting and analog-to-digital converting the first signal to obtain a first digital signal;
step 3, obtaining a reconstructed sample signal of the first digital signal according to pulse leading edge detection and full pulse parameter measurement;
step 4, obtaining a weighted phase discrimination result according to the reconstructed sample signal and the quasi-matched filtering processing;
step 5, obtaining the arrival angles of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the plurality of radiation sources according to the weighted phase discrimination result;
the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
assuming existence in spaceThe same type of radiation source has the same signal characteristic parameters, and the waveform of the radiated electromagnetic pulse signal is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,which represents a rectangular pulse that is,it is shown that the width of the pulse,representing the chirp rate;delay exists on the time sequence of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the radiation sources of the same type; based on the arrival time of the leading edge of the first radiation source pulseThe arrival time of the leading edge of each radiation source pulse is delayed by ;
Antenna array composed ofThe antenna is composed of antennas, and the array receivesThe composite signal of the spatial superposition of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the individual radiation sources is represented by
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is shown asThe number of pulses of the radiation source is,representing a transmission delay; received by an antenna arrayElectromagnetic pulse signal radiated by radiation source of same typeIs regarded as a signalA sum signal of different delays superimposedElectromagnetic pulse signal radiated by radiation source of same typeIs a first signal;
the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
first signalAfter the amplification and the filtering are carried out by the front end of the microwave,then the intermediate frequency signal is converted into an intermediate frequency signal through a down conversion component, and finally the intermediate frequency signal is converted into an intermediate frequency signal through a multi-channel digital acquisition module pairPerforming digital sampling to obtain a first digital signal,With a sampling period ofThe sampling length is;
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
using short-time Fourier transform to pair the first digital signalCarrying out time-frequency analysis on the signals, and measuring to obtain pulse width, frequency modulation bandwidth and frequency modulation mode; due to differences in time delay, sum signalCan be a single signal, taking the leading edge of the pulseDigital sampling signal in time as digital sample of leading edge pulse signal,For the sample signalEstimating the chirp rate by short time Fourier transformAnd combining the first digital signals Measuring the signal to obtain a reconstructed sample signal;
The step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 41, constructing a quasi-matched filtering function according to the reconstructed sample signal, and performing quasi-matched filtering processing on the received signal of each channel;
step 42, according to the output result of the quasi-matched filtering of each channel, performing filtering peak value detection and phase discrimination processing to obtain a weighted phase discrimination result;
the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
by the least square method of formula (6), obtainingThe angle-of-arrival measurements of the individual signals,
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that step 41 is in particular:
from reconstructed sample signalsSelecting a quasi-matched filter functionThen the first digital signal passes through a quasi-matched filterThe latter output is
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that step 42 is embodied by:
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,in order to be the first digital signal, the first digital signal is,a quasi-matched filter;
selected in each filtered output peak Phase discrimination is respectively carried out on the maximum value points, and then weighting processing is carried out on the phase discrimination results;
4. An apparatus of a quasi matched filtering based multiple radiation source angle of arrival measurement method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the apparatus comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first signal received by the antenna array; the first signal is a synthetic signal of electromagnetic pulses radiated by a plurality of homotype radiation sources in space;
the processing module is used for carrying out amplification, filtering, down-conversion and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the first signal to obtain a first digital signal;
the reconstruction module is used for obtaining a reconstructed sample signal of the first digital signal according to the pulse leading edge detection and the full pulse parameter measurement;
the phase discrimination module is used for obtaining a weighted phase discrimination result according to the reconstructed sample signal and the quasi-matched filtering processing;
and the calculation module is used for obtaining the arrival angles of the electromagnetic pulse signals of the plurality of radiation sources according to the weighted phase discrimination result.
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