CN114394665B - Electric flocculation reinforced self-air-floatation anaerobic bioreactor - Google Patents

Electric flocculation reinforced self-air-floatation anaerobic bioreactor Download PDF

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CN114394665B
CN114394665B CN202111519887.1A CN202111519887A CN114394665B CN 114394665 B CN114394665 B CN 114394665B CN 202111519887 A CN202111519887 A CN 202111519887A CN 114394665 B CN114394665 B CN 114394665B
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sludge
electric flocculation
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anaerobic
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CN114394665A (en
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曾卓
杨雪
苏凯
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2866—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The present application relates to wastewater treatment technology. The application discloses an electrocoagulation strengthening self-air-floatation anaerobic bioreactor, which utilizes electrocoagulation physics air floatation to stabilize and strengthen self-air-floatation anaerobic biological reaction, and improves and stabilizes the purification effect of an air floatation method. The technical scheme of this application is, an electric flocculation strengthens from air supporting anaerobism bioreactor, including the reaction chamber, anaerobic sludge bed has been arranged in the reaction chamber be provided with the electric flocculation device in the reaction chamber. The electric flocculation air flotation function is added in the biological anaerobic reactor, and the whole wastewater treatment device has a compact structure and small occupied area; the biological anaerobic reactor produces the biogas by itself and generates the gas by the electric flocculation air flotation, thus saving the operating cost; bubbles generated by the electrocoagulation-floatation are small and uniform, and the suspended matter removing effect is improved. The electric flocculation reinforced self-air-floatation anaerobic bioreactor is particularly suitable for treating various complex wastewater containing high-concentration suspended matters.

Description

Electric flocculation reinforced self-air-floatation anaerobic bioreactor
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a wastewater treatment technology, and specifically relates to an anaerobic biological reaction and electric flocculation wastewater treatment technology.
Background
Anaerobic biological treatment is a wastewater treatment technique in which a population of facultative anaerobic and anaerobic microorganisms convert organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions.
The development process of the Anaerobic bioreactor is from a first generation full-mixed Anaerobic digester to a second generation Upflow Anaerobic Sludge blanket (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed UASB) reactor to a third generation Expanded Granular Sludge Blanket (EGSB) reactor and an internal circulation reactor. The organic load to be treated is 0.5-1 kg/(m) of the first-generation reactor 3 D) from 20 to 30 kg/(m) which jumps to the present third generation reactor 3 D). Along with the improvement of organic load, the novel anaerobic bioreactor has small occupied area and good treatment effect, and has the advantages of no need of aeration, low residual sludge yield and biogas energy recovery, and is widely applied to high-concentration organic wastewater treatment engineering, such as beer wastewater, paper-making wastewater, food processing wastewater and the like.
The basic structure of the anaerobic bioreactor comprises a corrosion-resistant reaction cavity, an anaerobic sludge bed is arranged in the reaction cavity, and an early upflow anaerobic sludge bed is a high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor developed in the 70 th century by Lettinga professor and the like in the Netherlands. The reactor consists of a cylindrical reaction cavity, the bottom of the reactor is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water distributor, an anaerobic sludge bed is arranged above the water distributor, when the reactor works, wastewater enters the bottom of the reactor through uniform water distribution, the wastewater passes through the anaerobic sludge bed from bottom to top to carry out biodegradation reaction, and finally, solid waste is removed through a three-phase separator, and methane and liquid are collected.
The expanded granular sludge bed is a third-generation anaerobic bioreactor developed on the basis of a UASB reactor. In a certain sense, the UASB reactor is improved in many aspects, the rising flow velocity of liquid in the reactor is far higher than that of the UASB reactor, the dead zone is eliminated by the high rising flow velocity of the liquid, and a better mud-water mixing effect is obtained, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN105906041A, and the self-air-flotation high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor is disclosed.
The third generation anaerobic bioreactor represented by an expanded granular sludge bed reactor has a large height-diameter ratio, and is externally circulated and refluxed, so that the rising flow velocity in the reactor is large and can reach 3-7 m/h. The granular sludge bed is in an expanded state due to the higher ascending flow velocity, and the granular sludge is fully contacted with the wastewater, so that the mass transfer is enhanced, and a satisfactory treatment effect can be obtained when the expanded granular sludge bed reactor is used for treating wastewater mainly containing dissolved pollutants. However, the instability of the air flotation effect of the self-produced air flow of the anaerobic bioreactor is a problem which cannot be ignored, the problem is further highlighted along with the increase of the rising flow velocity in the reactor, and particularly, when the anaerobic bioreactor is used for treating wastewater mainly containing granular pollutants, such as livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, slaughter wastewater and the like, the unstable and high rising flow velocity and the short hydraulic retention time cause the granular pollutants to flow out along with the effluent after being hydrolyzed and converted, so the treatment effect is obviously reduced, and the application of high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactors such as expanded granular sludge bed reactors and the like in the wastewater is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The main object of the present application is to provide an electrocoagulation reinforced self-air-floatation anaerobic bioreactor, which utilizes electrocoagulation physical air floatation to stabilize and reinforce the self-air-floatation anaerobic biological reaction, and improves and stabilizes the purification effect of the air floatation method.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present embodiments, there is provided an electrocoagulation-enhanced self-air-flotation anaerobic bioreactor comprising a reaction chamber in which an anaerobic sludge bed is disposed, characterized in that an electrocoagulation device is disposed in the reaction chamber.
In certain embodiments, the anaerobic sludge bed is provided with a sludge dispersal grid on top of it, and the electroflocculation apparatus is located above the sludge dispersal grid.
In certain embodiments, a wastewater flow straightener is disposed between the electroflocculation apparatus and the sludge dispersal grid.
In certain embodiments, the wastewater grate is proximate to the electroflocculation apparatus.
In certain embodiments, the electroflocculation apparatus includes a set of electrode plates and a power supply.
In some embodiments, the electrode plate group is formed by alternately arranging anode plates and cathode plates, wherein the anode plates are connected with the positive pole of the power supply, and the cathode plates are connected with the negative pole of the power supply.
In some embodiments, the anode plate is made of iron plate.
In some embodiments, the reaction chamber comprises an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, and a reducer, the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder connected by the reducer; the lower cylinder is respectively provided with a sludge collecting area, a water distributing area, a sludge bed area and a buffer area from bottom to top; the reducing pipe and the upper cylinder are an electric flocculation air floatation area, and the electric flocculation device is arranged in the electric flocculation air floatation area;
the bottom of the sludge collection area is provided with a sludge hopper, and the sludge hopper is connected with a sludge discharge pipe; the water distribution area is provided with a water inlet main pipe, and the pipe orifice faces downwards to the reflecting plate; the top of the sludge bed area is provided with a sludge dispersion grid; the bottom of the buffer area is provided with an observation hole; the electrocoagulation-flotation zone is provided with a central tube, a flow-down chamber, a flow-up chamber and a gas collection chamber, the lower part of the central tube is provided with a wastewater rectification grid, the middle part of the central tube is provided with an electrode plate group, the upper part of the central tube is connected with a bell mouth, the top of the flow-down chamber is provided with a slag collection groove and a slag scraper, the flow-up chamber is externally connected with a water outlet groove and an outer circulating tube, a water level regulator is arranged in the water outlet groove, and the top of the gas collection chamber is provided with an exhaust pipe, an inflation pipe and a gas sensor.
In some embodiments, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the reaction cavity is (5-10) to 1; the volume ratio of the sludge collecting area, the water distributing area, the sludge bed area, the buffer area and the electric flocculation air flotation area is 1: 1 (11-13) to (5-7) to (30-40).
In some embodiments, the distance between the pipe orifice of the water inlet main pipe and the reflecting plate is 150-300 mm;
the diameter of the sludge dispersion grid is the same as that of the sludge bed area (III), the height of the sludge dispersion grid is 50-100 mm, and the distance between grid bars is 10-20 mm;
the diameter of the observation hole is 100-150 mm;
the central tube, the flow reducing chamber and the flow rising chamber are formed by three concentric cylinders, and the diameter ratio of the three concentric cylinders is 1 to (1.8-2.8);
the diameter of the central pipe is the same as that of the sludge bed area;
the height of the rectifying grid is 150-200 mm; the height of the electrode plate group is 300-500 mm, and the plate interval is 30-50 mm; the thickness of the anode plate is 10-15 mm;
the diameter of the lower opening of the bell mouth is the same as that of the central tube, and the diameter of the upper opening is 1.5 times that of the lower opening;
the gradient of the bottom of the flow reducing chamber is 1-1.73, and the distance between the cylinder and the bottom is 150-250 mm;
the width of the slag collecting groove is 150-300 mm, and the upper edge of the slag collecting groove is 500-750 mm higher than the upper opening of the bell mouth;
the lower edge of a scraping brush of the slag scraper is 10-30 mm lower than the upper edge of the slag collecting groove.
According to the technical scheme of the application and the technical scheme of further improvement in certain exemplary embodiments, the application has the following beneficial effects:
the electric flocculation air flotation function is added in the biological anaerobic reactor, and the whole wastewater treatment device is combinedCompact structure and small occupied area. The biological anaerobic reactor produces methane by itself and produces the double gas sources of the gas by the electric flocculation air flotation, thus saving the operating cost. Bubbles generated by the electrocoagulation-floatation are small and uniform, and the suspended matter removing effect is improved. The generated substances of the soluble anode plate in the electrode plate group of the electric flocculation device have flocculation effect, generate a co-flocculation air flotation effect and are more beneficial to air flotation removal of suspended matters. Fe produced by electrolysis of anode iron plate 3+ Is an important element required by anaerobic microorganisms, can promote the growth and propagation of the anaerobic microorganisms, enhance the activity of the microorganisms and improve the processing capacity of the anaerobic bioreactor. The invention combines the physical air floatation method and the anaerobic bioreactor into a whole, forms the electrocoagulation strengthening self-air-floatation anaerobic bioreactor, and is particularly suitable for treating various complex wastewater containing high-concentration suspended matters.
The present application is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment electroflocculation enhanced self-flotation anaerobic bioreactor configuration;
fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view of fig. 1A-base:Sub>A.
In the figure: the device comprises a mud bucket area I, a water distribution area II, a sludge bed area III, a buffer area IV, an electrocoagulation air-flotation area V, a water inlet header pipe 1, a reflecting plate 2, a sludge dispersion grid 3, an observation hole 4, a central pipe 5, a wastewater rectification grid 6, an electrode plate group 7, a bell mouth 8, a downflow chamber 9, an upflow chamber 10, a water outlet tank 11, a water level regulator 12, a slag collecting tank 13, a slag scraping machine 14, an air collecting chamber 15, an exhaust pipe 16, an air inlet pipe 17, a gas sensor 18, an external circulation pipe 19, a sludge bucket 20, a sludge discharge pipe 21 and a power supply 22.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the detailed description, the exemplary embodiments and the features therein may be combined with each other in the present application without conflict. The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, in conjunction with the following.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments and the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the exemplary embodiments and the detailed description of the present application, and it is obvious that the exemplary embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. All other embodiments and examples obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the specific embodiments and example examples in this application shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.
The technical scheme of the application combines the physical air floatation method of the electric flocculation reaction and the anaerobic bioreactor into a whole, forms the electric flocculation reinforced self-air floatation anaerobic bioreactor, and is particularly suitable for treating various complex wastewater containing high-concentration suspended matters.
The reaction principle of the electric flocculation is that metals such as aluminum, iron and the like are used as anodes, the anodes are corroded under the action of direct current to generate Al, fe and other ions, and the Al, fe and other ions are developed into various hydroxyl complexes, polynuclear hydroxyl complexes or hydroxides through a series of hydrolysis, polymerization and oxidation processes, so that colloidal impurities and suspended impurities in wastewater are coagulated, precipitated and separated. Meanwhile, the charged pollutant particles swim in the electric field, and part of charges of the pollutant particles are neutralized by the electrodes to promote destabilization and coagulation. The basic structure of the electric flocculation device can be seen in an electric flocculation monomer reactor disclosed in Chinese patent publication No. CN 207435112U.
When the electrolytic flocculation treatment is carried out on the wastewater, not only the coagulation and precipitation effects on colloidal impurities and suspended impurities are achieved, but also various pollutants in the water can be removed due to the oxidation effect of the anode and the reduction effect of the cathode.
The electric flocculation device is arranged in the anaerobic bioreactor, bubbles generated by electric flocculation air floatation are small and uniform, ascending airflow generated by anaerobic biological reaction can be stabilized, and the effect of removing suspended matters is favorably improved.
The electrode plate group of the electric flocculation device can be etched with the anode plate, and the generated substances have flocculation effect, can generate a co-flocculation air flotation effect and are more beneficial to air flotation removal of suspended matters. In particular Fe produced by electrolysis of anodic iron plates 3+ Is an important element required by anaerobic microorganisms, can promote the growth and the propagation of the anaerobic microorganisms, enhance the activity of the microorganisms and improve the processing capacity of the anaerobic bioreactor.
The utility model provides an electricity flocculation reinforces from air supporting anaerobism bioreactor, including a reaction chamber, arranged anaerobic sludge bed in the reaction chamber, be provided with the electric flocculation device in the reaction chamber, the electric flocculation device is located anaerobic sludge bed upper portion.
The utility model provides an electricity flocculation strengthens from air supporting anaerobism bioreactor, waste water gets into the reaction chamber after, at first carries out anaerobism biological reaction in anaerobic sludge blanket and handles, this part of reaction chamber is sludge blanket region promptly, and it includes the sludge blanket of reaction chamber bottom and the mud suspension layer above the sludge blanket, and anaerobism biological reaction process mainly goes on this part.
Usually, a sludge dispersion grid is arranged on the top of the anaerobic sludge bed for dispersing the ascending sludge, and the electric flocculation device is generally arranged on the sludge dispersion grid.
The electric flocculation device is arranged on the sludge dispersion grid, so that the phenomenon that the electrode plates are blocked by massive sludge deposited on the electrode plates of the electric flocculation device can be effectively avoided, and the electric flocculation effect is favorably improved.
In order to make the water flow entering the electric flocculation device uniform, a wastewater rectification grid can be arranged between the electric flocculation device and the sludge dispersion grid, and the wastewater rectification grid is arranged at a position close to the electric flocculation device.
The wastewater rectification bars are arranged at the positions close to the electric flocculation device, and the wastewater rectification bars are matched with the electrode plate gap of the electric flocculation device, so that the sewage entering the electrode plate of the electric flocculation device is more uniform, and the electric flocculation effect can be improved.
Examples
The structure of the electrocoagulation-enhanced self-air-flotation anaerobic bioreactor in the exemplary embodiment of the application is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the main body structure is composed of a reaction chamber and comprises an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder and a reducing pipe, wherein the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are connected through the reducing pipe.
The reactor of the embodiment is respectively provided with a sludge collecting area I, a water distribution area II, a sludge bed area III, a buffer area IV and an electric flocculation air floatation area V from bottom to top, and the electric flocculation device is arranged in the electric flocculation air floatation area V, and the electric flocculation device comprises an upper cylinder and a reducing pipe.
The bottom of the sludge collection area I is provided with a sludge hopper 20, and the sludge hopper 20 is connected with a sludge discharge pipe 21.
The water distribution area II is provided with a water inlet main pipe 1, and the pipe orifice of the water inlet main pipe faces downwards to the reflecting plate 2.
The top of the sludge bed zone III is provided with a sludge dispersion grid 3, and the bottom of the buffer zone IV is provided with an observation hole 4, so that the height of the anaerobic sludge layer can be observed.
The electric flocculation air-floating zone V is provided with a central pipe 5, a down-flow chamber 9, an up-flow chamber 10 and a gas collection chamber 15. The lower part of the central tube 5 is provided with a wastewater rectifier grid 6, an electrode plate group 7 for electric flocculation is arranged in the middle of the central tube 5, and the electrode plate group 7 is connected with an external power supply 22. The electric flocculation reaction speed can be adjusted by controlling the output current of the power supply, and the rising speed of the airflow can be further adjusted.
The upper part of the central tube 5 is connected with a bell mouth 8, the top of the flow reduction chamber 9 is provided with a slag collecting groove 13 and a slag scraping machine 14, the flow rising chamber 10 is externally connected with a water outlet groove 11 and an external circulating tube 19, a water level regulator 12 is arranged in the water outlet groove 11, and the top of the gas collecting chamber 15 is provided with an exhaust pipe 16, an air inlet pipe 17 and a gas sensor 18.
The height-diameter ratio of the electric flocculation enhanced self-air-floatation anaerobic bioreactor is 5-10: 1.
The volume ratio of the sludge collecting area I, the water distributing area II, the sludge bed area III, the buffer area IV and the electric flocculation air flotation area V is 1: 11-13: 5-7: 30-40.
The distance between the pipe orifice of the water inlet main pipe 1 in the water distribution area II and the reflecting plate 2 is about 150-300 mm, the diameter of the sludge dispersion grid 3 in the sludge bed area III is the same as that of the sludge bed area III, the height is 50-100 mm, and the grid interval is 10-20 mm.
The diameter of the observation hole 4 in the buffer zone IV is 100 to 150mm.
The central tube 5, the flow-down chamber 9 and the flow-up chamber 10 in the electric flocculation air-floating zone V are separated by three concentric cylinders, and the diameter ratio of the three concentric cylinders is 1: 1.8-2.8.
The diameter of the central tube 5 is the same as that of the sludge bed zone III.
The height of the wastewater flow straightener 6 is 150-200 mm, and the height of the electrode plate group 7 is 300-500 mm.
In the electrode plate group 7 of this example, the anode was made of an iron plate having a thickness of 10 to 15mm and a plate pitch of 30 to 50mm.
The diameter of the lower opening of the bell mouth 8 is the same as that of the central tube 5, and the diameter of the upper opening is 1.5 times that of the lower opening.
The gradient of the bottom of the down-flow chamber 9 is 1-1.73, and the distance between the cylinder and the bottom is 150-250 mm.
The groove width of the slag collecting groove 13 is 150-300 mm, and the upper edge of the slag collecting groove 13 is 500-750 mm higher than the upper opening of the bell mouth 8. The lower edge of the scraping brush of the slag scraper 14 is 10-30 mm lower than the upper edge of the slag collecting groove 13.
The working process of the electric flocculation enhanced self-air-floatation anaerobic bioreactor for wastewater treatment comprises the following steps:
the wastewater enters the water distribution area II through the water inlet main pipe 1, flows through the reflecting plate 2 and then is converted into upward flow, and the wastewater enters the sludge bed area III. In the sludge bed zone III, the wastewater flows through the expanded anaerobic granular sludge bed, dissolved pollutants in the wastewater are absorbed and metabolized by microorganisms and converted into methane bubbles, and granular pollutants in the wastewater continuously rise through gaps among anaerobic granular sludge. And the mixed liquid containing methane bubbles, reaction liquid and granular pollutants enters a buffer area IV, the height of the anaerobic granular sludge bed layer is observed through an observation hole 4 of the buffer area IV, and the anaerobic granular sludge bed layer is prevented from entering the buffer area IV in a mud discharging mode and the like. The mixed liquid flows upwards to an electric flocculation air floatation zone V, flows into the gap of an electrode plate group 7 after being adjusted by a wastewater rectification grid 6, and Fe (OH) is generated by electrolysis of a soluble anode iron plate under the air floatation action of methane bubbles and hydrogen bubbles 3 Under the action of colloid flocculation, the copolymerization adhesion effect and the generation density of particle pollutants are lowThe air-wrapped flocs in the water float up to the liquid level through the bell mouth 8. The purified wastewater is deflected to the upflow chamber 10 through the downflow chamber 9 and enters the water outlet tank 11 to be discharged, the upflow chamber 10 is externally connected with an external circulating pipe 19 to reflux the purified wastewater to the water inlet header pipe 1, and scum at the liquid level is scraped to the scum collecting tank 13 through the scum scraper 14 to be removed. The top of the gas collection chamber 15 is provided with an exhaust pipe 16, an intake pipe 17 and a gas sensor 18. The gas sensor 18 records data such as air pressure, methane concentration, hydrogen concentration, oxygen concentration and the like in real time, and when the oxygen concentration rises, purified methane is introduced into the gas collection chamber 15 through the gas inlet pipe 17 for replacement so as to prevent the oxygen concentration from being too high.

Claims (3)

1. An electrocoagulation strengthening self-air-flotation anaerobic bioreactor comprises a reaction cavity, wherein an anaerobic sludge bed is arranged in the reaction cavity, and is characterized in that an electrocoagulation device is arranged in the reaction cavity;
the electric flocculation device comprises an electrode plate group and a power supply;
the electrode plate group is formed by alternately arranging anode plates and cathode plates, the anode plates are connected with the positive pole of the power supply, and the cathode plates are connected with the negative pole of the power supply;
the anode plate is made of an iron plate;
the reaction cavity comprises an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder and a reducing pipe, and the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are connected through the reducing pipe; the lower cylinder is respectively provided with a sludge collecting zone, a water distributing zone, a sludge bed zone and a buffer zone from bottom to top; the reducing pipe and the upper cylinder are an electric flocculation air floatation area, and the electric flocculation device is arranged in the electric flocculation air floatation area;
the bottom of the sludge collection area is provided with a sludge hopper which is connected with a sludge discharge pipe; the water distribution area is provided with a water inlet main pipe, and the pipe orifice faces downwards to the reflecting plate; the top of the sludge bed area is provided with a sludge dispersion grid; the bottom of the buffer area is provided with an observation hole; the electrocoagulation air-floating zone is provided with a central tube, a flow-down chamber, a flow-up chamber and a gas collection chamber, wherein the lower part of the central tube is provided with a wastewater rectification grid, the middle part of the central tube is provided with an electrode plate group, the upper part of the central tube is connected with a bell mouth, the top of the flow-down chamber is provided with a slag collection groove and a slag scraper, the flow-up chamber is connected with a water outlet groove and an outer circulating tube, a water level regulator is arranged in the water outlet groove, and the top of the gas collection chamber is provided with an exhaust pipe, an inflation pipe and a gas sensor.
2. The electrocoagulation-enhanced self-air-flotation anaerobic bioreactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the height to the diameter of the reaction cavity is (5-10): 1; the volume ratio of the sludge collecting area, the water distributing area, the sludge bed area, the buffer area and the electric flocculation air flotation area is 1: 1 (11-13) to (5-7) to (30-40).
3. The electrocoagulation-enhanced self-air-flotation anaerobic bioreactor as recited in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the pipe orifice of the water inlet main pipe and the reflecting plate is 150-300 mm;
the diameter of the sludge dispersion grid is the same as that of the sludge bed area (III), the height of the sludge dispersion grid is 50-100 mm, and the distance between grid bars is 10-20 mm;
the diameter of the observation hole is 100-150 mm;
the central tube, the flow reducing chamber and the flow rising chamber are formed by three concentric cylinders, and the diameter ratio of the three concentric cylinders is 1 to (1.8-2.8);
the diameter of the central pipe is the same as that of the sludge bed area;
the height of the rectifying grid is 150-200 mm; the height of the electrode plate group is 300-500 mm, and the plate interval is 30-50 mm; the thickness of the anode plate is 10-15 mm;
the diameter of the lower opening of the bell mouth is the same as that of the central pipe, and the diameter of the upper opening is 1.5 times that of the lower opening;
the gradient of the bottom of the flow reducing chamber is 1-1.73, and the distance between the cylinder and the bottom is 150-250 mm;
the width of the slag collecting groove is 150-300 mm, and the upper edge of the slag collecting groove is 500-750 mm higher than the upper opening of the bell mouth;
the lower edge of a scraping brush of the slag scraper is 10-30 mm lower than the upper edge of the slag collecting groove.
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