CN114314507B - Method for recycling tail gas generated by hydrogen production through methanol pyrolysis - Google Patents

Method for recycling tail gas generated by hydrogen production through methanol pyrolysis Download PDF

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CN114314507B
CN114314507B CN202111565990.XA CN202111565990A CN114314507B CN 114314507 B CN114314507 B CN 114314507B CN 202111565990 A CN202111565990 A CN 202111565990A CN 114314507 B CN114314507 B CN 114314507B
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carbon dioxide
pressure
hydrogen
tail gas
mixed gas
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CN114314507A (en
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王小波
尹爱华
梁雄
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Lanzhou Yulong Gas Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recycling tail gas generated by hydrogen production through methanol pyrolysis, which relates to the technical field of industrial tail gas treatment processes and solves the problems of resource waste and serious environmental pollution of the tail gas generated by the existing hydrogen production through the methanol pyrolysis, and the specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, separating tail gas generated in methanol cracking hydrogen production equipment by adopting a pressure swing adsorption process, separating hydrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas, and storing the hydrogen; then introducing the carbon dioxide mixed gas into a compressor, adjusting the pressure of the compressor, compressing the carbon dioxide mixed gas, and purifying; and finally, according to different purposes of the purified carbon dioxide, adopting different purification processes to respectively obtain an industrial-grade carbon dioxide product and a food-grade carbon dioxide product. The tail gas recycling method not only realizes the effect of saving energy, but also has the effect of protecting the environment, reduces the pollution to the environment, and plays roles of recycling waste gas resources and protecting the environment with low carbon.

Description

Method for recycling tail gas generated by hydrogen production through methanol pyrolysis
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial tail gas treatment processes, in particular to the technical field of a method for recycling tail gas generated by hydrogen production through methanol pyrolysis.
Background
Hydrogen has a wide range of industrial applications. In recent years, the demand for pure hydrogen has been rapidly increased due to rapid development of fine chemical engineering, hydrogen peroxide preparation by anthraquinone process, powder metallurgy, oil hydrogenation, forestry and agricultural products hydrogenation, bioengineering, petroleum refining hydrogenation, hydrogen fuel cleaning automobiles and the like.
The hydrogen production method has a plurality of methods, and the current development is faster and mainly comprises a methanol cracking process: the crude methanol and the purified water are uniformly mixed in a mixing tank according to a certain proportion by a metering pump, the mixed methanol enters a reactor for catalytic pyrolysis, and the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and the like is generated by catalytic pyrolysis, wherein the reaction equation is as follows: CH (CH) 3 OH+H 2 O→3H 2 +CO 2 The mixed gas is treated by water washing, methanol washing, physical separation and other processes to obtain high purity hydrogen, which enters a product storage tank. Simultaneously discharging the rest process analysis gas containing impurities such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide and the like, and sending the process analysis gas as industrial tail gas to a torch for burningAnd discharged as shown in fig. 3.
Currently, the design capacity for hydrogen production by methanol cracking is typically 9000Nm hydrogen production per hour 3 According to the measurement, the generated tail gas amount is about 6000Nm 3 And/h, wherein the main components and the amounts of the tail gas are shown in the following table:
name of the name Carbon dioxide Hydrogen gas Carbon monoxide Methane Methanol Water and its preparation method
Proportion of 60.0% 29.98% 8% 2% 0.01% 0.01%
Volume of 3600Nm 3 1800Nm 3 480Nm 3 120Nm 3 60Nm 3 60Nm 3
From the data in the above table, it is clear that a great deal of combustible harmful gases such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and the like are generated in the hydrogen production by methanol pyrolysis, and the direct discharge is not allowed according to the relevant environmental regulations, and the discharge standard must be reached through treatment. Therefore, the methanol pyrolysis device is required to be matched with a tail gas treatment procedure, and the tail gas is discharged after being burnt by a torch.
The existing tail gas emission and treatment generated by hydrogen production by methanol pyrolysis have two major problems:
1. a flare system is built for treating tail gas. According to the regulations of petrochemical engineering design fire prevention, the safe distance of a torch is 120 meters, the land scale of a common small enterprise is limited, and natural gas is needed to be supplemented for the operation of the torch to normally ignite. The treatment device has the advantages of large investment and high cost, and influences the economic benefit of enterprises. And carbon dioxide is discharged after combustion, thus polluting the environment.
2. The tail gas is rich in hydrogen and carbon dioxide, is a very useful gas resource, and direct combustion emission is a great waste of resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of resource waste and serious environmental pollution of tail gas generated by the existing hydrogen production by methanol pyrolysis, and provides a method for recycling the tail gas generated by the hydrogen production by methanol pyrolysis.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purposes:
the method for recycling the tail gas of the hydrogen production by the methanol pyrolysis specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: separating tail gas generated in methanol cracking hydrogen production equipment by adopting a pressure swing adsorption process, separating hydrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas, and storing the hydrogen;
step 2: introducing the carbon dioxide mixed gas into a compressor, adjusting the pressure of the compressor, compressing the carbon dioxide mixed gas, and purifying;
step 3: according to different purposes of the purified carbon dioxide, different purification processes are adopted to respectively obtain an industrial-grade carbon dioxide product and a food-grade carbon dioxide product.
Furthermore, 4 purifying towers are adopted to alternately and circularly operate in the pressure swing adsorption process in the step 1, and pure hydrogen is continuously prepared.
Further, the pressure swing adsorption process of step 1 adopts the characteristic that the adsorption capacity of hydrogen is weakest under the same adsorption pressure, the pressure is set to be 1.8MPa, other impurity components in the tail gas are adsorbed in a solid phase adsorbent in the purification tower, and the hydrogen flows out from an outlet of the purification tower; and then the strong adsorption component is desorbed from the adsorbent by the pressure reduction, reverse discharge and flushing modes by utilizing the characteristic that the adsorption capacity is large when the pressure is 1.8MPa and the adsorption capacity is small when the pressure is zero under the condition of the same adsorbent of other impurity components, so that the adsorbent is regenerated.
Further, the other impurity components include carbon monoxide, methane, methanol.
Further, the pressure of the carbon dioxide mixed gas entering the compressor in the step 2 is compressed from 0.2 to 0.4Mpa to 2.5Mpa, and then the purification process is carried out.
Further, the purification method for obtaining the industrial grade carbon dioxide product in the step 3 comprises the following steps: and cooling the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, carrying out water diversion, and then drying, wherein the dried product is liquefied after precooling and flash evaporation, so that the industrial liquid carbon dioxide product can be obtained.
Further, the purification method for obtaining the food-grade carbon dioxide product in the step 3 comprises the following steps: and cooling the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, carrying out water diversion, drying, cooling the dried material, adsorbing and removing impurities through an adsorption bed, precooling through a precooler, liquefying and rectifying to obtain the food-grade carbon dioxide product.
The technological process and principle are as follows: the tail gas which is discharged from the device for preparing hydrogen by methanol pyrolysis and is rich in hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and other components enters a gas separation process, and the pressure swing adsorption technology is utilized to separate the gas. The working principle is that under the condition of the same adsorbent, the separation and purification of a certain component in the mixed gas are realized by utilizing the characteristic that the adsorption capacities and adsorption capacities of different gas components under the same pressure and the same gas component under different pressures are different.
In the PSA pressure swing adsorption purification process, other impurity components are adsorbed in the solid phase adsorbent in the purification column at a higher adsorption pressure by utilizing the characteristic that the adsorption capacity of hydrogen is the weakest at the same adsorption pressure, and hydrogen flows out from the outlet of the purification column. And the strong adsorption component is desorbed from the adsorbent by the pressure reduction, reverse discharge and flushing modes by utilizing the characteristics of high pressure adsorption capacity and low pressure adsorption capacity under the condition of the same adsorbent, so that the adsorbent is regenerated. In operation, 4 purifying towers are used for alternately and circularly running to continuously prepare pure hydrogen.
After 30% of the hydrogen was removed from the tail gas component, 90% of the remaining gas was carbon dioxide. Next, compressing and cooling the gas to condense the gas into liquid, cooling and water-dividing the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, drying, cooling the dried material, adsorbing and removing impurities by an adsorption bed, precooling by a precooler, liquefying and rectifying to obtain a food-grade carbon dioxide product; or cooling the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, separating water, drying, cooling the dried material, adsorbing with an adsorbent bed to remove impurities, pre-cooling with a precooler, liquefying, and rectifying to obtain food-grade carbon dioxide product with carbon dioxide concentration up to 99.9%.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The recycling method of the application achieves recycling of waste gas resources, increases economic benefits for enterprises, calculates according to 9000 cubic hydrogen production devices per hour, and can recycle 1600Nm of hydrogen per hour 3 Wherein the cost of equipment, adsorbent, power and manpower is equal to 2 yuan per side of hydrogen cost, the yield is 80%, the selling price of each side of hydrogen is 4.5 yuan, and the annual income can be obtainedUp to 2304 and Mo Zuo; the liquid carbon dioxide can be recovered for 5 tons per hour, the production cost is calculated according to 100 yuan, the selling price of the liquid carbon dioxide per ton is calculated according to 500 yuan, and the annual income is 1152 Mo Zuo. The two products add up to each other, and the synergy of the enterprise can be approximately 3500 ten thousand yuan each year. The effect of improving enterprise income and reducing enterprise cost is realized.
(2) The tail gas recycling method not only achieves the effect of saving energy, but also achieves the effect of protecting the environment, reduces the pollution to the environment, and achieves the effects of recycling waste gas resources and protecting the environment with low carbon.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for recycling tail gas generated by hydrogen production through methanol pyrolysis in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pressure swing adsorption process according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a process structure for treating tail gas generated by hydrogen production by methanol pyrolysis in the prior art.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The method for preparing the industrial grade carbon dioxide product by utilizing the tail gas generated by the hydrogen production by the methanol pyrolysis specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: separating tail gas generated in methanol cracking hydrogen production equipment by adopting a pressure swing adsorption process, separating hydrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas, and storing the hydrogen;
the pressure swing adsorption process adopts the characteristic that the adsorption capacity of hydrogen is weakest under the same adsorption pressure, the pressure is set to be 1.8MPa, other impurity components in tail gas are adsorbed in a solid phase adsorbent in a purification tower, and hydrogen flows out from an outlet of the purification tower; under the condition of the same adsorbent, the strong adsorption component is desorbed from the adsorbent by the pressure reduction, reverse discharge and flushing modes by utilizing the characteristic that the adsorption capacity is large when the pressure is 1.8MPa and small when the pressure is zero, so that the adsorbent is regenerated;
step 2: introducing the carbon dioxide mixed gas into a compressor, adjusting the pressure of the compressor, compressing the pressure of the carbon dioxide mixed gas entering the compressor to 2.5Mpa, and purifying;
step 3: and cooling the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, carrying out water diversion, and then drying, wherein the dried product is liquefied after precooling and flash evaporation, so that the industrial liquid carbon dioxide product can be obtained.
The concentration of carbon dioxide in the obtained technical grade liquid is 99.5%.
Example 2
The method for preparing the industrial grade carbon dioxide product by utilizing the tail gas generated by the hydrogen production by the methanol pyrolysis specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: separating tail gas generated in methanol cracking hydrogen production equipment by adopting a pressure swing adsorption process, separating hydrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas, and storing the hydrogen;
the pressure swing adsorption process adopts the characteristic that the adsorption capacity of hydrogen is weakest under the same adsorption pressure, the pressure is set to be 1.8MPa, other impurity components in tail gas are adsorbed in a solid phase adsorbent in a purification tower, and hydrogen flows out from an outlet of the purification tower; under the condition of the same adsorbent, the strong adsorption component is desorbed from the adsorbent by the pressure reduction, reverse discharge and flushing modes by utilizing the characteristic that the adsorption capacity is large when the pressure is 1.8MPa and small when the pressure is zero, so that the adsorbent is regenerated;
step 2: introducing the carbon dioxide mixed gas into a compressor, adjusting the pressure of the compressor, compressing the pressure of the carbon dioxide mixed gas entering the compressor to 2.6Mpa, and purifying;
step 3: and cooling the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, carrying out water diversion, and then drying, wherein the dried product is liquefied after precooling and flash evaporation, so that the industrial liquid carbon dioxide product can be obtained.
The concentration of carbon dioxide in the obtained technical grade liquid is 99.7%.
Example 3
The method for preparing the food-grade carbon dioxide product by utilizing the tail gas generated by the hydrogen production by the methanol pyrolysis specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: separating tail gas generated in methanol cracking hydrogen production equipment by adopting a pressure swing adsorption process, separating hydrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas, and storing the hydrogen;
the pressure swing adsorption process adopts the characteristic that the adsorption capacity of hydrogen is weakest under the same adsorption pressure, the pressure is set to be 1.8MPa, other impurity components in tail gas are adsorbed in a solid phase adsorbent in a purification tower, and hydrogen flows out from an outlet of the purification tower; under the condition of the same adsorbent, the strong adsorption component is desorbed from the adsorbent by the pressure reduction, reverse discharge and flushing modes by utilizing the characteristic that the adsorption capacity is large when the pressure is 1.8MPa and small when the pressure is zero, so that the adsorbent is regenerated;
step 2: introducing the carbon dioxide mixed gas into a compressor, adjusting the pressure of the compressor, compressing the pressure of the carbon dioxide mixed gas entering the compressor to 2.5Mpa, and purifying;
step 3: and cooling the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, carrying out water diversion, drying, cooling the dried material, adsorbing and removing impurities through an adsorption bed, precooling through a precooler, liquefying and rectifying to obtain the food-grade carbon dioxide product.
The resulting food grade liquid carbon dioxide concentration was 99.9%.
Example 4
The method for preparing the food-grade carbon dioxide product by utilizing the tail gas generated by the hydrogen production by the methanol pyrolysis specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: separating tail gas generated in methanol cracking hydrogen production equipment by adopting a pressure swing adsorption process, separating hydrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas, and storing the hydrogen;
the pressure swing adsorption process adopts the characteristic that the adsorption capacity of hydrogen is weakest under the same adsorption pressure, the pressure is set to be 1.8MPa, other impurity components in tail gas are adsorbed in a solid phase adsorbent in a purification tower, and hydrogen flows out from an outlet of the purification tower; under the condition of the same adsorbent, the strong adsorption component is desorbed from the adsorbent by the pressure reduction, reverse discharge and flushing modes by utilizing the characteristic that the adsorption capacity is large when the pressure is 1.8MPa and small when the pressure is zero, so that the adsorbent is regenerated;
step 2: introducing the carbon dioxide mixed gas into a compressor, adjusting the pressure of the compressor, compressing the pressure of the carbon dioxide mixed gas entering the compressor to 2.6Mpa, and purifying;
step 3: and cooling the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, carrying out water diversion, drying, cooling the dried material, adsorbing and removing impurities through an adsorption bed, precooling through a precooler, liquefying and rectifying to obtain the food-grade carbon dioxide product.
The resulting food grade liquid carbon dioxide concentration was 99.9%.

Claims (1)

1. The method for recycling the tail gas of the hydrogen production by the methanol pyrolysis is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: separating tail gas generated in methanol cracking hydrogen production equipment by adopting a pressure swing adsorption process, separating hydrogen and carbon dioxide mixed gas, and storing the hydrogen;
step 2: introducing the carbon dioxide mixed gas into a compressor, adjusting the pressure of the compressor, compressing the carbon dioxide mixed gas, and purifying;
step 3: according to different purposes of the purified carbon dioxide, different purification processes are adopted to respectively obtain an industrial-grade carbon dioxide product and a food-grade carbon dioxide product;
in the pressure swing adsorption process of the step 1, 4 purifying towers are adopted to alternately and circularly operate, and pure hydrogen is continuously prepared;
the pressure swing adsorption process of the step 1 adopts the characteristic that the adsorption capacity of hydrogen is weakest under the same adsorption pressure, the pressure is set to be 1.8MPa, other impurity components in the tail gas are adsorbed in a solid phase adsorbent in a purification tower, and the hydrogen flows out from an outlet of the purification tower; under the condition of the same adsorbent, the strong adsorption component is desorbed from the adsorbent by the pressure reduction, reverse discharge and flushing modes by utilizing the characteristic that the adsorption capacity is large when the pressure is 1.8MPa and small when the pressure is zero, so that the adsorbent is regenerated;
the other impurity components comprise carbon monoxide, methane and methanol;
compressing the pressure of the carbon dioxide mixed gas entering the compressor in the step 2 from 0.2-0.4 MPa to 2.5MPa, and then carrying out a purification process;
the purification method for obtaining the industrial grade carbon dioxide product in the step 3 comprises the following steps: cooling the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, dividing the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas into water, drying, pre-cooling the dried product, liquefying and flashing to obtain an industrial liquid carbon dioxide product;
the purification method for obtaining the food-grade carbon dioxide product in the step 3 comprises the following steps: and cooling the compressed carbon dioxide mixed gas, carrying out water diversion, drying, cooling the dried material, adsorbing and removing impurities through an adsorption bed, precooling through a precooler, liquefying and rectifying to obtain the food-grade carbon dioxide product.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07746A (en) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-06 Nippon Steel Corp Production of carbon dioxide and hydrogen from methanol and hydrogen producing equipment
CN1944239A (en) * 2006-10-24 2007-04-11 四川亚连科技有限责任公司 Method for preparing hydrogen by reforming methanol with high recovery rate
CN101538040A (en) * 2009-04-28 2009-09-23 文斌洁 Method for coproducing or singly producing food grade carbon dioxide and industrial grade carbon dioxide by utilizing industrial waste gas
CN105597489A (en) * 2016-03-18 2016-05-25 常州市蓝博净化科技有限公司 Methanol-to-hydrogen offgas recovery method
CN207330354U (en) * 2017-07-12 2018-05-08 常州市蓝博净化科技有限公司 A kind of device of raising PSA hydrogen manufacturing yield and recycling carbon dioxide
CN109126381A (en) * 2018-09-13 2019-01-04 北京北大先锋科技有限公司 A kind of method that pressure-variable adsorption removes carbon dioxide in industrial gasses
CN113350968A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-09-07 新疆广汇新能源有限公司 Hydrogen extraction device and process for recovering tail gas components by using synthetic hydrogen

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07746A (en) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-06 Nippon Steel Corp Production of carbon dioxide and hydrogen from methanol and hydrogen producing equipment
CN1944239A (en) * 2006-10-24 2007-04-11 四川亚连科技有限责任公司 Method for preparing hydrogen by reforming methanol with high recovery rate
CN101538040A (en) * 2009-04-28 2009-09-23 文斌洁 Method for coproducing or singly producing food grade carbon dioxide and industrial grade carbon dioxide by utilizing industrial waste gas
CN105597489A (en) * 2016-03-18 2016-05-25 常州市蓝博净化科技有限公司 Methanol-to-hydrogen offgas recovery method
CN207330354U (en) * 2017-07-12 2018-05-08 常州市蓝博净化科技有限公司 A kind of device of raising PSA hydrogen manufacturing yield and recycling carbon dioxide
CN109126381A (en) * 2018-09-13 2019-01-04 北京北大先锋科技有限公司 A kind of method that pressure-variable adsorption removes carbon dioxide in industrial gasses
CN113350968A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-09-07 新疆广汇新能源有限公司 Hydrogen extraction device and process for recovering tail gas components by using synthetic hydrogen

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