CN114291982A - Landfill leachate treatment device and method based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation - Google Patents
Landfill leachate treatment device and method based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a landfill leachate treatment device based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation, which comprises an anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system, wherein the water outlet end of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system is connected with the water inlet ends of two-stage A/O biochemical tanks, the water outlet ends of the two-stage A/O biochemical tanks are connected with the water inlet ends of biochemical sedimentation tanks, the water outlet end of the biochemical sedimentation tank is connected with the water inlet end of a first-stage Fenton system, the water outlet end of the first-stage Fenton system is connected with the water inlet end of a first-stage BAF system, the water outlet end of the first-stage BAF system is connected with the water inlet end of a second-stage Fenton system, the water outlet end of the second-stage Fenton system is connected with the water inlet end of a second-stage BAF system, and the second-stage BAF system is connected with a clean water tank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landfill leachate, in particular to a landfill leachate treatment device and method based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation.
Background
Chinese patent CN208667439U discloses a landfill leachate treatment device and a garbage treatment apparatus. Landfill leachate processing apparatus includes: the device comprises a DNTF membrane separation device, a gaseous separation membrane device, a first COD advanced oxidation device, a carbonization MBR membrane device and a second COD advanced oxidation device; the DTNF membrane separation device is provided with a membrane permeate outlet and a membrane concentrate outlet, the membrane permeate outlet is connected with an inlet of the gaseous separation membrane device, and the membrane concentrate outlet is connected with the carbonization MBR membrane device; the gas separation membrane device is connected with the first COD advanced oxidation device, and the carbonization MBR membrane device is connected with the second COD advanced oxidation device;
the existing landfill leachate has the following problems in the treatment process:
the SBR is an intermittent activated sludge reactor, so that although ammonia nitrogen in leachate can be effectively removed, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the leachate is remarkably reduced, the shock load resistance of a system is improved, and the water quality is stabilized, on one hand, biodegradable organic matters are removed by aerobic oxidation, so that a large amount of carbon sources need to be supplemented in the subsequent two-stage AO denitrification process, and the cost of operating chemicals is increased; on the other hand, when the SBR is used for removing ammonia nitrogen, a large amount of alkalinity is consumed, the subsequent alkalinity is insufficient, and alkali liquor needs to be additionally added, so that the use of alkali in an operating medicament is increased, and the operating cost is greatly increased; the traditional nitrification and denitrification process is adopted, the amount of carbon source to be added is large, and the operation cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the above problems of the prior art, and provides a landfill leachate treatment apparatus and method based on anammox.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a landfill leachate processing apparatus based on anammox, includes anammox denitrogenation system:
the water outlet end of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system is connected with the water inlet ends of the two-stage A/O biochemical tanks, the water outlet ends of the two-stage A/O biochemical tanks are connected with the water inlet end of the biochemical sedimentation tank, the water outlet end of the biochemical sedimentation tank is connected with the water inlet end of the first-stage Fenton system, the water outlet end of the first-stage Fenton system is connected with the water inlet end of the first-stage BAF system, the water outlet end of the first-stage BAF system is connected with the water inlet end of the second-stage Fenton system, the water outlet end of the second-stage Fenton system is connected with the water inlet end of the second-stage BAF system, and the second-stage BAF system is connected with the clean water tank.
As a further scheme of the invention: the anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrification system comprises 1 denitrification tank, 3 integrated anaerobic ammonia oxidation containers and 1 anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank.
As a further scheme of the invention: the denitrification tank is provided with 2 water tanks, each water tank is divided into 2 grids, 4 water tanks and 4 water tanks are aerated.
As a further scheme of the invention: a filtering device is arranged at the water inlet end of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system; three water outlets of a main filter box of the filter device are connected with the water inlets of the shunt tubes, the water outlets of the shunt tubes are connected with the water inlets of the auxiliary filter boxes, and the water outlets of the auxiliary filter boxes are communicated with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank.
As a further scheme of the invention: the main filter box and the auxiliary filter box are internally provided with sundry removing pieces, a filter residue box is arranged at an opening on one side of the box body of each sundry removing piece, a filter plate is arranged above the inner cavity of the box body, a brush plate which moves horizontally is arranged above the filter plate, and a reset baffle is arranged at the position of the opening.
As a further scheme of the invention: the filter residue box is of an L-shaped structure, and the top surface of the filter plate is flush with the opening of the box body.
As a further scheme of the invention: the brush plate is provided with a mandril.
A landfill leachate treatment method based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation comprises the following steps:
step 1: the percolate is collected and mixed evenly in a regulating tank, and one path of percolate is pumped into a denitrification tank; the other path is pumped into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank;
step 2: the leachate enters a primary Fenton system for treatment;
and step 3: then the leachate enters a primary BAF system in sequence, and the biological aerated filter integrates biological oxidation, biological flocculation and filtration interception, so that residual COD and ammonia nitrogen in the leachate are removed; the leachate is treated by a primary BAF system and then enters a secondary Fenton system; then the leachate enters a secondary BAF system for filtration and treatment; and finally, the leachate flows through a clean water tank and is discharged after reaching the standard.
As a further scheme of the invention: when the leachate enters a first-stage Fenton system, firstly adding a small amount of sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 3-5, then adding ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide, and simultaneously starting a circulating pump and a first-stage Fenton catalytic device for circulating catalysis; after the reaction is completed, adding liquid caustic soda, adjusting the pH value of the leachate to 7-8, then adding PAM, and forming ferric hydroxide precipitate in the leachate to form dual functions of oxidation and flocculation; and then the leachate enters a sedimentation tank for mud-water separation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) on one hand, the original SBR tank is transformed into a short-cut nitrification and denitrification (nitrosation and denitrification) process; on the other hand, 4 container devices are added, wherein 1 container device is used as a front denitrification device, the other 3 container devices are used as an integrated anaerobic ammonia oxidation device, and an original SBR water outlet tank is transformed into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank; the original SBR process with high energy consumption and high carbon-nitrogen ratio is transformed into a denitrification process with low energy consumption and low carbon source requirement;
(2) compared with the traditional biological denitrification process, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification process has the following advantages:
the anaerobic ammonia oxidation can simultaneously and greatly remove ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the leachate, and efficiently reduce the nitrogen pollution load in the leachate;
the designed volume load of anaerobic ammonia oxidation is 4-10 times of that of the conventional biochemical denitrification process, the denitrification efficiency is high, and the occupied area is small;
the aeration energy consumption in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification process is only one third of that of the conventional biochemical denitrification process, a carbon source agent is not required to be added, and simultaneously, an alkalinity agent is not required to be added due to sufficient alkalinity of sewage and wastewater; therefore, anaerobic ammonia oxidation is used for denitrification treatment of the wastewater, and the operation cost is only a small amount of power consumption;
the multiplication rate of anaerobic ammonia oxidation is extremely low, the sludge is only 1/20-1/50 of denitrifying bacteria, the sludge yield is low, the sludge treatment and disposal problems can be effectively avoided, and the sludge treatment and disposal cost is reduced;
(3) be provided with filter equipment at anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system's inlet end department, can effectual interception suspended solid, carry out the double filtration to the waste water that contains the ammonia nitrogen, this double filtration includes main rose box and vice rose box, has realized carrying out the double filtration and shunting the filtration to the waste water that contains ammonia nitrogen, effectively gets rid of the suspension in the rubbish penetrant, improves the filterable efficiency of rubbish penetrant.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection relationship between an anaerobic ammoxidation reaction tank and a filtering device in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the filter unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sundries removing piece in the invention;
fig. 5 is a plan view of the debris removing member according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank; 2. a filtration device; 3. a water inlet pipe; 4. a main filter tank; 5. a shunt tube; 6. a secondary filter tank; 7. a communicating pipe; 8. a box body; 9. a filter plate; 10. a slide bar; 11. brushing the board; 12. a top rod; 13. a baffle plate; 14. a limiting shaft; 15. a limiting plate; 16. a spring; 17. a filter residue box.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a landfill leachate treatment apparatus based on anammox, which includes an anammox denitrification system, a two-stage a/O biochemical tank, a biochemical sedimentation tank, a first-stage Fenton system, a first-stage BAF system, a second-stage Fenton system, and a second-stage BAF system;
the water outlet end of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system is connected with the water inlet ends of the two-stage A/O biochemical tanks, the water outlet ends of the two-stage A/O biochemical tanks are connected with the water inlet end of the biochemical sedimentation tank, the water outlet end of the biochemical sedimentation tank is connected with the water inlet end of the first-stage Fenton system, the water outlet end of the first-stage Fenton system is connected with the water inlet end of the first-stage BAF system, the water outlet end of the first-stage BAF system is connected with the water inlet end of the second-stage Fenton system, the water outlet end of the second-stage Fenton system is connected with the water inlet end of the second-stage BAF system, the second-stage BAF system is connected with the clean water tank, and penetrating fluid in the clean water tank is treated by the ozone catalytic oxidation tower and then reaches the standard and is discharged;
an anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrification system comprises 1 preposed denitrification device, 3 integrated anaerobic ammonia oxidation containers, 1 anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank and a matched system. Firstly, pumping the leachate to a preposed denitrification tank, converting nitrite which flows back from the nitrosation tank into nitrogen by using BOD5 contained in the leachate as a denitrification carbon source through denitrifying bacteria, and achieving the purpose of removing most organic matters, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the leachate in advance; the denitrification effluent enters an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank 1, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrogen through the action of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, the treatment unit only needs a small amount of aeration energy consumption, no medicament is added, and the sludge yield is very low;
then, a small amount of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate are still contained in the effluent treated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank 1, then a small amount of carbon source is added to the effluent through a denitrification tank for deep denitrification, a nitrification tank is utilized for nitration reaction, and the residual small amount of ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate, so that the deep denitrification treatment of the leachate is realized; after passing through the treatment unit, the effluent enters two stages of AO treatment, and the effluent after AO treatment enters an advanced treatment system;
the denitrification tank is formed by reforming the original SBR tank, and comprises 2 water tanks, wherein each water tank is divided into 2 grids, 4 water tanks and 4 water tanks are aerated, but the dissolved oxygen is controlled differently; the core of the unit is to control the conversion of ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen, realize the accumulation of the nitrite nitrogen, and then realize denitrification to remove the total nitrogen in the wastewater under the condition of adding a carbon source;
referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to improve the efficiency of the anammox denitrification system, suspended substances in the permeate are effectively removed; therefore, a filter device 2 is arranged at the water inlet end of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system;
the filter device 2 comprises a water inlet pipe 3, a main filter box 4, a flow dividing pipe 5, an auxiliary filter box 6 and a communicating pipe 7, wherein a water outlet of the water inlet pipe 3 is connected with a water inlet of the main filter box 4, the bottom of the main filter box 4 is respectively provided with three water outlets, the three water outlets of the main filter box 4 are connected with the water inlet of the flow dividing pipe 5, the water outlet of the flow dividing pipe 5 is connected with the water inlet of the auxiliary filter box 6, and the water outlet of the auxiliary filter box 6 is communicated with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank 1 through the communicating pipe 7;
when the double-filtration anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction tank works, garbage penetrating fluid is conveyed into the main filtration tank 4 through the water inlet pipe 3 and is filtered by the main filtration tank 4, then the garbage penetrating fluid flows into the auxiliary filtration tank 6 through the flow dividing pipe 5, the garbage penetrating fluid is further filtered by the auxiliary filtration tank 6, the garbage penetrating fluid flows into the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction tank 1 through the communicating pipe 7 for denitrification treatment, suspended matters can be effectively intercepted, and waste water containing ammonia nitrogen is subjected to double filtration, wherein the double filtration comprises the main filtration tank 4 and the auxiliary filtration tank 6, so that the double filtration and flow dividing filtration of the waste water containing ammonia nitrogen are realized, the suspension in the garbage penetrating fluid is effectively removed, and the filtration efficiency of the garbage penetrating fluid is improved;
referring to fig. 4 and 5, the main filter tank 4 and the auxiliary filter tank 6 are provided with sundry removing parts, and the sundry removing parts comprise a tank body 8, a filter plate 9, a sliding rod 10, a brush plate 11, a top rod 12, a baffle 13, a limiting shaft 14, a limiting plate 15, a spring 16 and a residue filtering tank 17; an opening is formed in the top of one side of the box body 8, a filter box 17 is arranged at the opening, a filter plate 9 is arranged above the inner cavity of the box body 8, a horizontally moving brush plate 11 is arranged above the filter plate 9, a resettable baffle 13 is arranged at the opening, and an ejector rod 12 is arranged on the brush plate 11;
wherein the filter residue box 17 is of an L-shaped structure, and the top surface of the filter plate 9 is flush with the opening of the box body 8; the brush plate 11 is connected with a sliding rod 10, and the sliding rod 10 penetrates through the box body 8 and is connected with the box body 8 in a sliding manner; the brush hair at the bottom of the brush plate 11 is contacted with the filter plate 9;
the structure of the resettable baffle 13 is: two limiting shafts 14 are arranged in parallel, the two limiting shafts 14 are arranged on a filter residue box 17, the limiting shafts 14 penetrate through the baffle 13 and are in sliding connection with the baffle 13, limiting plates 15 are arranged at the end parts of the limiting shafts 14, springs 16 are sleeved on the limiting shafts 14, and two ends of each spring 16 are respectively connected with the baffle 13 and the inner wall of the box body 8;
when the garbage filter plate works, garbage penetrating fluid enters the box body 8 and is filtered through the filter plate 9, so that the filtered garbage penetrating fluid is discharged from an outlet at the bottom of the box body 8, and when the filter plate 9 is used for a long time and a large amount of suspended matters are accumulated, the working efficiency of the filter plate 9 at the later stage is influenced; at the moment, the sliding rod 10 can be controlled to drive the brush plate 11 to move left and right to brush suspended matters on the filter plate 9, meanwhile, when the brush plate 11 moves towards the baffle plate 13, the baffle plate 13 is driven to move towards the filter residue box 17, the opening of the box body 8 is opened, the suspended matters are conveyed into the filter residue box 17, after the suspended matters are cleaned, the brush plate 11 resets, and the baffle plate 13 also resets under the action of the spring 16; so that the box 8 can continue to be filtered; therefore, the sundries removing piece can clean the filter plate 9 under the condition of not opening the box body 8, and has the advantage of convenient and quick cleaning;
example 2
Referring to fig. 1, a landfill leachate treatment method based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation includes the following steps:
step 1: the percolate is collected and uniformly mixed in a regulating tank, and one way is (the treatment capacity is 200 m)3D) pumping to short range modified from original SBR poolIn a nitrification and denitrification tank; the other path (processing capacity 50-100 m)3D) pumping the sewage into a denitrification system with an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank as a core;
step 2: after the leachate enters a primary Fenton system, adding a small amount of sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 3-5, then adding ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide, and starting a circulating pump and a primary Fenton catalytic device for circulating catalysis; ferrous ions catalyze hydrogen peroxide to generate hydroxyl radicals with strong oxidizing capability under an acidic condition. Under the action of hydroxyl free radicals, the structure of the organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade in the leachate is destroyed, most of the organic matters are directly mineralized into carbon dioxide and water or converted into small molecular organic matters, liquid alkali is added after the reaction is completed, the pH value of the leachate is adjusted to 7-8, PAM is added, and ferric hydroxide precipitates are formed in the leachate to form dual functions of oxidation and flocculation; then the leachate enters a sedimentation tank for mud-water separation; after the leachate is treated by a primary Fenton system, the COD concentration and the chromaticity are obviously reduced, and the biodegradability of the leachate is improved at the same time;
and step 3: then the leachate enters a primary BAF system in sequence, and the biological aerated filter integrates biological oxidation, biological flocculation and filtration and interception, so that residual COD and ammonia nitrogen in the leachate can be effectively removed; after being treated by the primary BAF system, the leachate enters a secondary Fenton system, organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade in the leachate are further removed, the chromaticity is removed, and meanwhile, the biodegradability of the leachate is further improved; then the leachate enters a secondary BAF system for filtration and treatment; the leachate finally flows through a clean water tank and is discharged after reaching the standard;
and 4, step 4: and sludge generated in the process of treating the percolate is concentrated by a sludge concentration tank, and then is subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing and is transported to a refuse landfill for disposal.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: anammox is a biological reaction that produces nitrogen and nitric acid under anaerobic conditions with ammonia as an electron donor and nitrous acid as an electron acceptor. Anammox comprises two processes: firstly, decomposing (energy-producing) metabolism, namely, ammonia is used as an electron donor, nitrite is used as an electron acceptor, the ammonia and the nitrite react in a ratio of 1:1 to generate nitrogen, and the generated energy is stored in the form of ATP; the second is anabolism, that is, nitrite is used as an electron acceptor to provide reducing power, carbon dioxide as a carbon source and ATP generated by catabolism are used for synthesizing cell substances, and nitrate is generated in the process. Anammox bacteria are the practitioners of anammox;
the generation process of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation is mainly divided into two steps: the first process is partial nitrosation, in which only about 55% of the ammonia nitrogen needs to be converted to nitrite nitrogen; the second process is anaerobic ammonia oxidation, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrogen by nitrite nitrogen as an electron acceptor under the anaerobic condition; it is therefore also called the PN/A process;
in the process, about 89% of inorganic nitrogen is converted to generate nitrogen, and in addition, 11% of inorganic nitrogen is converted to nitrate nitrogen, compared with the traditional nitrification and denitrification process, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process has great technical advantages, and the aeration energy consumption is only 55-60% of that of the traditional process; the process almost needs no carbon source, and if the carbon source needs to be added in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process for removing nitrate products, the adding amount of the carbon source is reduced by 90 percent compared with that of the carbon source in the traditional process; the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process can reduce the alkalinity consumption by 45 percent; meanwhile, the sludge yield of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process is far lower than that of the traditional denitrification process, so that the treatment and disposal cost of the excess sludge is obviously reduced.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a landfill leachate processing apparatus based on anammox which characterized in that includes anammox denitrogenation system:
the water outlet end of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system is connected with the water inlet ends of the two-stage A/O biochemical tanks, the water outlet ends of the two-stage A/O biochemical tanks are connected with the water inlet end of the biochemical sedimentation tank, the water outlet end of the biochemical sedimentation tank is connected with the water inlet end of the first-stage Fenton system, the water outlet end of the first-stage Fenton system is connected with the water inlet end of the first-stage BAF system, the water outlet end of the first-stage BAF system is connected with the water inlet end of the second-stage Fenton system, the water outlet end of the second-stage Fenton system is connected with the water inlet end of the second-stage BAF system, and the second-stage BAF system is connected with the clean water tank.
2. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation based landfill leachate treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification system comprises 1 denitrification tank, 3 integrated anaerobic ammonia oxidation containers and 1 anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank.
3. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation-based landfill leachate treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the denitrification tank is provided with 2 water tanks, each water tank is divided into 2 cells, 4 water tanks are provided, and aeration is performed on the 4 water tanks.
4. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation-based landfill leachate treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a filtering device (2) is arranged at the water inlet end of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification system; three water outlets of a main filter box (4) of the filter device (2) are connected with a water inlet of a shunt pipe (5), a water outlet of the shunt pipe (5) is connected with a water inlet of an auxiliary filter box (6), and a water outlet of the auxiliary filter box (6) is communicated with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank (1).
5. The landfill leachate treatment device based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation according to claim 4, wherein the main filter tank (4) and the auxiliary filter tank (6) are internally provided with impurity removing members, a residue filtering tank (17) is arranged at an opening on one side of the tank body (8) of the impurity removing members, a filter plate (9) is arranged above the inner cavity of the tank body (8), a horizontally moving brush plate (11) is arranged above the filter plate (9), and a reset baffle plate (13) is arranged at the opening.
6. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation-based landfill leachate treatment plant according to claim 5, characterized in that the filter residue tank (17) is L-shaped, and the top surface of the filter plate (9) is flush with the opening of the tank body (8).
7. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation-based landfill leachate treatment plant according to claim 6, wherein the brush plate (11) is provided with a top rod (12).
8. A landfill leachate treatment method based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: collecting the percolate in a regulating tank, and pumping one path of percolate into a denitrification tank; the other path is pumped into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank;
step 2: the leachate enters a primary Fenton system for treatment;
and step 3: then, the leachate enters a primary BAF system in sequence; the leachate is treated by a primary BAF system and then enters a secondary Fenton system; then the leachate enters a secondary BAF system for filtration and treatment; and finally, the leachate flows through a clean water tank and is discharged after reaching the standard.
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