CN114277837A - Permeable reactive barrier and construction method and maintenance method thereof - Google Patents
Permeable reactive barrier and construction method and maintenance method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114277837A CN114277837A CN202111643182.0A CN202111643182A CN114277837A CN 114277837 A CN114277837 A CN 114277837A CN 202111643182 A CN202111643182 A CN 202111643182A CN 114277837 A CN114277837 A CN 114277837A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
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Abstract
The invention provides a permeable reactive barrier and a construction method and a maintenance method thereof, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: filling active filler into a groove in which a permeable reactive barrier is required to be built; filling bacteria liquid into the pores of the active filler until the permeability coefficient of the active filler is reduced to be 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the surrounding soil; the active filler comprises, by weight, 85-95 parts of a main material and 5-15 parts of an auxiliary material; the auxiliary material is soluble calcium salt; the bacterial liquid comprises strains capable of producing urease; the particle size of the main material is 80-120 meshes. The permeable reactive barrier is constructed by the construction method. The maintenance method is that the acidic solution is circularly conveyed into the reaction wall until the permeability coefficient of the acidic solution is increased to be 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the surrounding soil. The invention overcomes the defect that the soil with low permeability coefficient in the prior art needs active filler raw materials with smaller particle size when a reaction wall is built, so that the risk of dust explosion is easy to occur in the processes of storage, transportation and construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of reaction walls, in particular to a permeable reaction wall and a construction method and a maintenance method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of economy and science and technology in China, people pay more and more attention to the environmental governance. There is also increasing concern about remediation of soil and groundwater contamination. The permeable reactive barrier is used as an environment restoration and risk management and control technology for treating soil and underground water pollution, and has the advantages of low price, long service life and the like.
The construction method of the permeable reactive barrier is generally to excavate a trench of the reactive barrier and then fill the trench with an active filler, which is a filler loaded with an active substance capable of adsorbing and/or purifying a substance to be purified contained in groundwater. The underground water passes through the permeable reactive barrier, and the substances to be purified contained in the underground water can be adsorbed and purified by the active filler in the reactive barrier in the process of passing through the permeable reactive barrier. In order to ensure that the groundwater can penetrate through the permeable reactive barrier, the permeability coefficient of the permeable reactive barrier is required to be slightly higher than that of the soil layer in the surrounding area, and the permeability coefficient of the permeable reactive barrier is generally higher than that of the surrounding soil layer by about 1-2 orders of magnitude.
For sandy soil, active filler with proper permeability coefficient can be conveniently combined by grading. But as low as 10 for permeability coefficient-7cm/s of powdered clay or clay, even if two orders of magnitude higher active fillers are to be formulated, the particle size of the active filler required may still need to be very fine, conventionally reaching above 300 mesh. However, the active filler above 300 mesh is at risk of dust explosion whether stored, transported or used, and it is expensive to grind the active filler above 300 mesh.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the active filler raw material with smaller particle size is needed when the reaction wall is built for the soil with low permeability coefficient in the prior art, so that the risk of dust explosion is easily caused in the processes of storage, transportation and construction.
Therefore, the invention provides a construction method of a permeable reactive barrier, which comprises the following steps:
filling active filler into a groove in which a permeable reactive barrier is required to be built; then filling bacteria liquid into the pores of the active filler until the permeability coefficient of the active filler is reduced to be 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the surrounding soil;
the active filler comprises, by weight, 85-95 parts of a main material and 5-15 parts of an auxiliary material; the auxiliary material is soluble calcium salt; the bacterial liquid comprises a strain capable of producing urease.
Further, the particle size of the main material is 80-120 meshes; the particle size of the auxiliary materials is less than or equal to 80 meshes.
Further, the bacterial liquid is circularly conveyed in the pores of the active filler, and the circulation rate of each time is as follows: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
the strain is selected from one or more of myxococcus xanthus, sulfate reducing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and bacillus basalis; the sulfate reducing bacteria comprise at least one of vibrio devulcani, spirillum devulcani and vibrio sporogenes devulcani; the denitrifying bacteria comprise at least one of thiobacillus denitrificans, pseudomonas and alcaligenes. Wherein the Pseudomonas comprises at least one of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas farci and Pseudomonas pseudolaricis; the Alcaligenes includes at least one of Alcaligenes pseudoalcaligenes, Alcaligenes denitrificans and Alcaligenes aromatica.
Further, the method for obtaining the bacterial liquid comprises the following steps:
adding 20-30g/L of bacterial powder, 15-20g/L of ammonium sulfate and 10-15g/L of urea of corresponding strains into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 6.5-9.5 by using dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water with the concentration of 0.1mol/L, and performing fermentation culture at 25-37 ℃ for 24-72 hours; OD of the bacterial solution after completion of the culture6001-5, preferably 1-3.
Further, the soluble calcium salt is selected from one or more of calcium chloride, calcium acetate and calcium nitrate.
The invention provides a permeable reactive barrier, which is constructed by the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier.
Further, the permeable reactive barrier comprises:
a channel adapted to receive an active filler;
the active filler is filled in the groove to form a permeable reactive barrier main body;
and the circulating well system is arranged in the groove and is suitable for inputting or outputting liquid into or out of the active filler pores.
Further, the circulation well system includes:
one end of the liquid pumping pipe extends to the bottom of the groove, and the other end of the liquid pumping pipe is suitable for being connected with a liquid pumping pump;
the liquid outlet of the infusion tube is arranged in the groove, and the liquid inlet of the infusion tube is suitable for being connected with an infusion pump;
preferably, a plurality of liquid outlets are formed in the infusion tube and are uniformly distributed in the groove; more preferably, the infusion tube is composed of a main tube and a plurality of branch tubes, one end of each branch tube is communicated with the side wall of the main tube; the branch pipes are located in the same plane and are uniformly distributed on the main pipe.
The invention provides a maintenance method of a permeable reactive barrier constructed by a permeable reactive barrier construction method, which comprises the following steps:
when the osmotic reaction wall is operated until the osmotic coefficient is consistent with that of the surrounding soil or is lower than that of the surrounding soil, the acidic solution is circularly conveyed into the reaction wall until the osmotic coefficient is increased to be 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the surrounding soil.
Further, when the permeability coefficient of the permeable reactive barrier is 10-7-10-8When cm/s, the acidic solution is circularly conveyed into the reaction wall until the permeability coefficient of the acidic solution is increased to 10-5-10-6And (5) cm/s.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier provided by the invention, after the bacterial liquid enters the active filler, urease can be generated, urea is decomposed to generate ammonia and carbon dioxide, the pH value of the environment of the active filler is increased, the carbon dioxide is converted into carbonate ions, the carbonate ions are combined with calcium ions in the active filler to form calcium carbonate deposition, and the calcium carbonate is supplemented in pores of the active filler, so that the permeability coefficient of the active filler is reduced, and the purpose that materials with the particle size of more than 300 meshes can meet the requirement of the permeability coefficient is achieved. Specifically, in the preparation process, the wall body with low permeability coefficient can be formed under the condition of using large-particle active filler by controlling the calcium ion concentration and the bacteria liquid circulation, so that the active filler with extremely fine particle size is not needed to be used in the soil layer with extremely low permeability coefficient, and the permeable reaction wall meeting the requirement of permeability coefficient can be built. The method of the invention, on the one hand, does not present the problem of the risk of dust explosion of very fine active fillers during transport, storage and use; on the other hand, the method does not need to bear the high processing cost of grinding the active filler to more than 300 meshes.
2. The construction method of the permeable reactive barrier provided by the invention is simple and convenient in construction process and low in construction cost. The invention further optimizes the parameters of the concentration of the bacteria liquid, the concentration of calcium ions and the circulation time of the bacteria liquid, and can effectively realize the control of the permeability coefficient of the permeable reactive barrier and meet the requirements of the soil with different permeability coefficients by optimizing the parameters.
3. According to the permeable reactive barrier provided by the invention, the circulating well system is arranged in the construction groove of the permeable reactive barrier, so that the bacteria liquid is circularly conveyed, and the uniformity and controllability of the bacteria liquid conveying are improved. Especially, the plurality of branch pipes are arranged on the side wall of the infusion pipe of the circulating well system, so that the uniformity of the bacterial liquid delivery is further improved.
4. The invention provides a maintenance method of a permeable reactive barrier, and particularly relates to a method for releasing pores of the permeable reactive barrier by only circularly conveying an acid solution into the reactive barrier if the constructed permeable reactive barrier is deposited and blocked after being used for a long time, so that the permeability coefficient of the permeable reactive barrier is improved, the permeability coefficient of the reactive barrier in use is controlled, and the service life of the permeable reactive barrier is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a permeable reactive barrier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a trench; 2. a liquid pumping pipe; 3. a transfusion tube; 4. and (4) branch pipes.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
In the examples and comparative examples:
the myxococcus xanthus is preserved in a preserving number: ATCC 25232, purchased from the American type culture Collection.
The sulfate reducing bacteria is vibrio devulcani vulgaris, and the preservation number is as follows: CGMCC 1.5190, purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center.
The denitrifying bacteria are thiobacillus denitrificans with the preservation number: DSM 26407, available from the German Collection of microorganisms and cells.
The used Bacillus pasteurianus has a preservation number: ATCC 11859, purchased from the American type culture Collection.
In the examples, the expression "one pore volume of the active filler" refers to the volume of the whole pores of the active filler in the once-formed permeable reaction wall. Conveying bacteria liquid to active filler pores of a permeable reaction wall to be built, gradually filling the pores of the active filler with the bacteria liquid, and stopping conveying the bacteria liquid when the conveyed bacteria liquid is about to exceed the height line of the active filler in the groove, wherein the total conveyed bacteria liquid amount is the bacteria liquid amount of one pore volume of the active filler; meanwhile, the pore volume calculated here is the initial pore volume, i.e., calculated as starting when calcium carbonate has not been produced.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a permeable reactive barrier, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a trench 1, an active packing and a circulation well system. The groove 1 is suitable for containing active filler, and the active filler is filled in the groove 1 to form a permeable reactive barrier body. The circulating well system is arranged in the groove 1 and is suitable for conveying bacteria liquid to the pores of the active filler. The circulation well system comprises an extractor tube 2 and an infusion tube 3. The liquid pumping pipe 2 is vertically fixed in the groove 1, one end of the liquid pumping pipe extends to the bottom of the groove 1, and the other end of the liquid pumping pipe is suitable for being connected with a liquid pumping pump (not shown in the figure); the liquid outlet of the liquid conveying pipe 3 is arranged in the groove 1, and the liquid inlet of the liquid conveying pipe 3 is suitable for being connected with a liquid conveying pump (not shown in the figure). A plurality of liquid outlets are formed in the infusion tube 3 and are uniformly distributed in the groove 1. Specifically, the infusion tube 3 is composed of a main tube and a plurality of branch tubes 4, one ends of which are communicated with the side wall of the main tube, and the branch tubes 4 are positioned in the same plane and are evenly distributed on the main tube.
This example also provides the construction method of the aforementioned permeable reactive barrier, taking the permeable reactive barrier for repairing nitrate, ammonium salt and sulfate as an example:
the particle size of the active filler used in the embodiment is 80 meshes, and the active filler comprises 85 parts of main material and 15 parts of auxiliary material according to parts by weight, wherein the main material comprises 70 parts of fine sand, 10 parts of zeolite and 5 parts of ceramsite, and the auxiliary material is 60-mesh calcium chloride;
the preparation method of the bacterial liquid used in the embodiment comprises the following steps: adding 20g/L of bacillus pasteurii powder, 20g/L of ammonium sulfate and 15g/L of urea into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using 0.1mol/L dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water, and carrying out fermentation culture at 25 ℃ for 36 hours;
the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove, supporting a groove wall on the side wall of the guide groove, continuously excavating along the vertical side wall of the guide groove to a set height to obtain a groove, and injecting slurry into the groove in the excavating process;
s2, placing the liquid pumping pipe and the liquid conveying pipe in the groove, pumping out slurry in the groove through the liquid pumping pipe, and filling the groove with the active filler from the bottom of the groove upwards; the slurry is bentonite slurry, and comprises 50g/L of sodium bentonite, 2.5g/L of sodium carbonate and 0.5g/L of CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose);
s3, circularly conveying the bacterial liquid to the pores of the active filler through the infusion tube, wherein the circular conveying frequency is 2, and the circular rate of the bacterial liquid each time is as follows: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
and S4, the infusion tube and the liquid pumping tube are kept communicated to the outside of the groove, and the upper cover is built above the active filler.
The embodiment also provides a maintenance method of the permeable reactive barrier, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the permeability coefficient of the reaction wall when the permeability coefficient is as low as 10-7-10-8At cm/s, the concentration of the active filler is 0.05mol/L by circularly conveying the active filler to an infusion tubeCitric acid solution, the times of the reaction wall are detected after each circulation is finished until the permeability coefficient is 10-5-10-6And (5) cm/s.
Example 2
The permeable reactive barrier provided in this example is the same as that provided in example 1, and the construction method thereof is exemplified by restoring permeable reactive barriers of nitrate, ammonium salt and sulfate:
the particle size of the active filler used in the embodiment is 120 meshes, and the active filler comprises 85 parts by weight of main material and 15 parts by weight of auxiliary material, wherein the main material comprises 70 parts by weight of fine sand, 10 parts by weight of zeolite and 5 parts by weight of ceramsite, and the auxiliary material is 60 meshes of calcium chloride;
the preparation method of the bacterial liquid used in the embodiment comprises the following steps: adding 20g/L of bacillus pasteurii powder, 20g/L of ammonium sulfate and 15g/L of urea into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using 0.1mol/L dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water, and carrying out fermentation culture at 25 ℃ for 36 hours;
the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove, supporting a groove wall on the side wall of the guide groove, continuously excavating along the vertical side wall of the guide groove to a set height to obtain a groove, and injecting slurry into the groove in the excavating process;
s2, placing the liquid pumping pipe and the liquid conveying pipe in the groove, pumping out slurry in the groove through the liquid pumping pipe, and filling the groove with the active filler from the bottom of the groove upwards; the slurry is bentonite slurry, and comprises 50g/L of sodium bentonite, 2.5g/L of sodium carbonate and 0.5g/L of CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose);
s3, circularly conveying the bacterial liquid to the pores of the active filler through the infusion tube, wherein the circular conveying frequency is 2, and the circular rate of the bacterial liquid each time is as follows: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
and S4, the infusion tube and the liquid pumping tube are kept communicated to the outside of the groove, and the upper cover is built above the active filler.
The embodiment also provides a maintenance method of the permeable reactive barrier, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the permeability coefficient of the reaction wall when the permeability coefficient is as low as 10-7-10-8When cm/s, circularly conveying a citric acid solution with the concentration of 0.05mol/L into the active filler through a liquid conveying pipe, and detecting the times of the reaction wall after each circulation till the permeability coefficient is 10-5-10-6And (5) cm/s.
Example 3
The permeable reactive barrier provided in this example is the same as that provided in example 1, and the construction method thereof is exemplified by restoring permeable reactive barriers of nitrate, ammonium salt and sulfate:
the particle size of the active filler used in the embodiment is 80 meshes, and the active filler comprises 95 parts by weight of main material and 5 parts by weight of auxiliary material, wherein the main material comprises 65 parts by weight of fine sand, 20 parts by weight of zeolite and 10 parts by weight of ceramsite, and the auxiliary material is 60 meshes of calcium chloride;
the preparation method of the bacterial liquid used in the embodiment comprises the following steps: adding 20g/L of myxococcus xanthus powder, 20g/L of ammonium sulfate and 15g/L of urea into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using 0.1mol/L dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water, and carrying out fermentation culture at 25 ℃ for 36 hours;
the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove, supporting a groove wall on the side wall of the guide groove, continuously excavating along the vertical side wall of the guide groove to a set height to obtain a groove, and injecting slurry into the groove in the excavating process;
s2, placing the liquid pumping pipe and the liquid conveying pipe in the groove, pumping out slurry in the groove through the liquid pumping pipe, and filling the groove with the active filler from the bottom of the groove upwards; the slurry is bentonite slurry, and comprises 50g/L of sodium bentonite, 2.5g/L of sodium carbonate and 0.5g/L of CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose);
s3, circularly conveying the bacterial liquid to the pores of the active filler through the infusion tube, wherein the circular conveying frequency is 2, and the circular rate of the bacterial liquid each time is as follows: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
and S4, the infusion tube and the liquid pumping tube are kept communicated to the outside of the groove, and the upper cover is built above the active filler.
The embodiment also provides a maintenance method of the permeable reactive barrier, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the permeability coefficient of the reaction wall when the permeability coefficient is as low as 10-7-10-8When cm/s, circularly conveying a citric acid solution with the concentration of 0.05mol/L into the active filler through a liquid conveying pipe, and detecting the times of the reaction wall after each circulation till the permeability coefficient is 10-5-10-6And (5) cm/s.
Example 4
The permeable reactive barrier provided in this example is the same as that provided in example 1, and the construction method thereof is exemplified by restoring permeable reactive barriers of nitrate, ammonium salt and sulfate:
the particle size of the active filler used in the embodiment is 80 meshes, and the active filler comprises 95 parts by weight of main material and 15 parts by weight of auxiliary material, wherein the main material comprises 65 parts by weight of fine sand, 20 parts by weight of zeolite and 10 parts by weight of ceramsite, and the auxiliary material is 60 meshes of calcium nitrate;
the preparation method of the bacterial liquid used in the embodiment comprises the following steps: adding 20g/L of common desulfurization vibrio powder, 20g/L of ammonium sulfate and 15g/L of urea into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using 0.1mol/L dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water, and carrying out fermentation culture at 25 ℃ for 36 hours;
the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove, supporting a groove wall on the side wall of the guide groove, continuously excavating along the vertical side wall of the guide groove to a set height to obtain a groove, and injecting slurry into the groove in the excavating process;
s2, placing the liquid pumping pipe and the liquid conveying pipe in the groove, pumping out slurry in the groove through the liquid pumping pipe, and filling the groove with the active filler from the bottom of the groove upwards; the slurry is bentonite slurry, and comprises 50g/L of sodium bentonite, 2.5g/L of sodium carbonate and 0.5g/L of CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose);
s3, circularly conveying the bacterial liquid to the pores of the active filler through the infusion tube, wherein the circular conveying frequency is 2, and the circular rate of the bacterial liquid each time is as follows: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
and S4, the infusion tube and the liquid pumping tube are kept communicated to the outside of the groove, and the upper cover is built above the active filler.
The embodiment also provides a maintenance method of the permeable reactive barrier, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the permeability coefficient of the reaction wall when the permeability coefficient is as low as 10-7-10-8When cm/s, circularly conveying 0.1mol/L citric acid solution into the active filler through a liquid conveying pipe, and detecting the times of the reaction wall after each circulation till the permeability coefficient is 10-5-10-6And (5) cm/s.
Example 5
The permeable reactive barrier provided in this example is the same as that provided in example 1, and the construction method thereof is exemplified by restoring permeable reactive barriers of nitrate, ammonium salt and sulfate:
the particle size of the active filler used in the embodiment is 80 meshes, and the active filler comprises 95 parts by weight of main material and 5 parts by weight of auxiliary material, wherein the main material comprises 65 parts by weight of fine sand, 20 parts by weight of zeolite and 10 parts by weight of ceramsite, and the auxiliary material is 60 meshes of calcium acetate;
the preparation method of the bacterial liquid used in the embodiment comprises the following steps: adding 30g/L of bacillus pasteurii powder, 15g/L of ammonium sulfate and 10g/L of urea into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using 0.1mol/L dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water, and carrying out fermentation culture at 25 ℃ for 36 hours;
the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove, supporting a groove wall on the side wall of the guide groove, continuously excavating along the vertical side wall of the guide groove to a set height to obtain a groove, and injecting slurry into the groove in the excavating process;
s2, placing the liquid pumping pipe and the liquid conveying pipe in the groove, pumping out slurry in the groove through the liquid pumping pipe, and filling the groove with the active filler from the bottom of the groove upwards; the slurry is bentonite slurry, and comprises 50g/L of sodium bentonite, 2.5g/L of sodium carbonate and 0.5g/L of CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose);
s3, circularly conveying the bacterial liquid to the pores of the active filler through the infusion tube, wherein the circular conveying frequency is 2, and the circular rate of the bacterial liquid each time is as follows: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
and S4, the infusion tube and the liquid pumping tube are kept communicated to the outside of the groove, and the upper cover is built above the active filler.
The embodiment also provides a maintenance method of the permeable reactive barrier, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the permeability coefficient of the reaction wall when the permeability coefficient is as low as 10-7-10-8When cm/s, circularly conveying a citric acid solution with the concentration of 0.05mol/L into the active filler through a liquid conveying pipe, and detecting the times of the reaction wall after each circulation till the permeability coefficient is 10-5-10-6And (5) cm/s.
Example 6
The permeable reactive barrier provided in this example is the same as that provided in example 1, and the construction method thereof is exemplified by restoring permeable reactive barriers of nitrate, ammonium salt and sulfate:
the particle size of the active filler used in the embodiment is 80 meshes, and the active filler comprises 95 parts by weight of main material and 5 parts by weight of auxiliary material, wherein the main material comprises 65 parts by weight of fine sand, 20 parts by weight of zeolite and 10 parts by weight of ceramsite, and the auxiliary material is 60 meshes of calcium nitrate;
the preparation method of the bacterial liquid used in the embodiment comprises the following steps: adding 20g/L of bacillus pasteurii powder, 20g/L of ammonium sulfate and 15g/L of urea into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using 0.1mol/L dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water, and carrying out fermentation culture at 37 ℃ for 72 hours;
the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove, supporting a groove wall on the side wall of the guide groove, continuously excavating along the vertical side wall of the guide groove to a set height to obtain a groove, and injecting slurry into the groove in the excavating process;
s2, placing the liquid pumping pipe and the liquid conveying pipe in the groove, pumping out slurry in the groove through the liquid pumping pipe, and filling the groove with the active filler from the bottom of the groove upwards; the slurry is bentonite slurry, and comprises 50g/L of sodium bentonite, 2.5g/L of sodium carbonate and 0.5g/L of CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose);
s3, circularly conveying the bacterial liquid to the pores of the active filler through the infusion tube, wherein the circular conveying frequency is 3 times, and the circular rate of the bacterial liquid each time is as follows: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
and S4, the infusion tube and the liquid pumping tube are kept communicated to the outside of the groove, and the upper cover is built above the active filler.
The embodiment also provides a maintenance method of the permeable reactive barrier, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the permeability coefficient of the reaction wall when the permeability coefficient is as low as 10-7-10-8When cm/s, circularly conveying a citric acid solution with the concentration of 0.05mol/L into the active filler through a liquid conveying pipe, and detecting the times of the reaction wall after each circulation till the permeability coefficient is 10-5-10-6And (5) cm/s.
Example 7
The permeable reactive barrier provided in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and the construction method thereof takes repairing of a permeable reactive barrier of hexavalent chromium as an example:
the particle size of the active filler used in the embodiment is 80 meshes, and the active filler comprises, by weight, 95 parts of a main material and 5 parts of an auxiliary material, wherein the main material comprises 80 parts of fine sand and 15 parts of iron powder, and the auxiliary material is 60-mesh calcium chloride;
the preparation method of the bacterial liquid used in the embodiment comprises the following steps: adding 20g/L of bacillus pasteurii powder, 20g/L of ammonium sulfate and 15g/L of urea into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using 0.1mol/L dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water, and carrying out fermentation culture at 25 ℃ for 36 hours;
the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove, supporting a groove wall on the side wall of the guide groove, continuously excavating along the vertical side wall of the guide groove to a set height to obtain a groove, and injecting slurry into the groove in the excavating process;
s2, placing the liquid pumping pipe and the liquid conveying pipe in the groove, pumping out slurry in the groove through the liquid pumping pipe, and filling the groove with the active filler from the bottom of the groove upwards; the slurry is bentonite slurry, and comprises 50g/L of sodium bentonite, 2.5g/L of sodium carbonate and 0.5g/L of CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose);
s3, circularly conveying the bacterial liquid to the pores of the active filler through the infusion tube, wherein the circular conveying frequency is 2, and the circular rate of the bacterial liquid each time is as follows: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
and S4, the infusion tube and the liquid pumping tube are kept communicated to the outside of the groove, and the upper cover is built above the active filler.
The embodiment also provides a maintenance method of the permeable reactive barrier, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the permeability coefficient of the reaction wall when the permeability coefficient is as low as 10-7-10-8When cm/s, circularly conveying a citric acid solution with the concentration of 0.05mol/L into the active filler through a liquid conveying pipe, and detecting the times of the reaction wall after each circulation till the permeability coefficient is 10-5-10-6And (5) cm/s.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example discloses a construction method of a permeable reactive barrier, which comprises the following concrete construction steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove, supporting a groove wall on the side wall of the guide groove, continuously excavating along the vertical side wall of the guide groove to a set height to obtain a groove, and injecting slurry into the groove in the excavating process;
and S2, pumping out the slurry, filling the groove with active filler, and then building an upper cover.
The active filler is 70 parts of aggregate and 30 parts of active filler. The aggregate is 300-mesh fine sand; the active filler is 20 parts of zeolite and 10 parts of ceramsite, and the particle sizes of the zeolite and the ceramsite are 300 meshes. Used for repairing nitrate, ammonium salt and sulfate.
Comparative example 2
The permeable reactive barrier provided by the comparative example is the same as that in example 1, and the construction method takes the permeable reactive barrier for repairing nitrate, ammonium salt and sulfate as an example:
the particle size of the active filler used in the embodiment is 80 meshes, and the active filler comprises 75 parts by weight of main material and 25 parts by weight of auxiliary material, wherein the main material comprises 60 parts of fine sand, 10 parts of zeolite and 5 parts of ceramsite, and the auxiliary material is 60 meshes of calcium chloride;
the preparation method of the bacterial liquid used in the embodiment comprises the following steps: adding 20g/L of bacillus pasteurii powder, 20g/L of ammonium sulfate and 15g/L of urea into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using 0.1mol/L dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water, and carrying out fermentation culture at 25 ℃ for 36 hours;
the construction method of the permeable reactive barrier comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a guide groove, supporting a groove wall on the side wall of the guide groove, continuously excavating along the vertical side wall of the guide groove to a set height to obtain a groove, and injecting slurry into the groove in the excavating process;
s2, placing the liquid pumping pipe and the liquid conveying pipe in the groove, pumping out slurry in the groove through the liquid pumping pipe, and filling the groove with the active filler from the bottom of the groove upwards;
s3, circularly conveying the bacterial liquid to the pores of the active filler through the infusion tube, wherein the circular conveying frequency is 2, and the circular rate of the bacterial liquid each time is as follows: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
and S4, the infusion tube and the liquid pumping tube are kept communicated to the outside of the groove, and the upper cover is built above the active filler.
Test example 1
The construction method of the permeable reactive walls constructed in the examples 1 to 6 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 is used for constructing the reactive walls, the permeability coefficient of the permeable reactive walls and the retention effect of the permeable reactive walls on the nitrate are monitored, the surrounding soil layer (namely, the clay layer) is used as a blank example, and the nitrate retention effect is tested by the following method: the GB/T5750.5-2006 standard test method for domestic drinking water has inorganic nonmetal indexes; the permeability coefficient test method comprises the following steps: (1) the water pump and the water level gauge are extended into a monitoring well (a liquid pumping pipe can be used as the monitoring well), and the water level in the monitoring well is recorded; (2) recording the water pumping-out amount and the water level after water pumping-out; (3) monitoring the underground water level at intervals until the underground water level is stable; (4) calculating the permeability coefficient through the water extraction amount and the recovery time; the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 test results of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-3
| Test of | Nitrate content (mg/L) | Coefficient of penetration (cm/s) |
| Blank example | 65.94 | 5.26×10-7 |
| Example 1 | 8.45 | 3.25×10-5 |
| Example 2 | 6.27 | 1.97×10-5 |
| Example 3 | 10.31 | 8.47×10-5 |
| Example 4 | 11.51 | 7.65×10-5 |
| Example 5 | 6.94 | 1.94×10-5 |
| Example 6 | 7.48 | 2.33×10-5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 10.23 | 5.45×10-5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 34.59 | 7.19×10-7 |
As can be seen from the data of examples 1-6 and comparative example 1, the materials and steps used in the method can construct a wall with low permeability coefficient under the regulation of using the filler with large particle size, and simultaneously can keep the active filler to play a role in repairing the nitrate and adsorbing the nitrate.
Compared with the comparative examples 2-3, the permeability coefficient of the comparative example is obviously lower than that of the examples, which shows that the permeability coefficient of the wall is obviously reduced and is equal to or lower than that of the surrounding soil due to the excessive addition of the materials and the excessive circulating bacteria liquid. Meanwhile, the active filler is sealed by calcium carbonate and cannot play a role, and the efficiency of adsorbing nitrate is reduced.
Test example 2
The reaction wall was constructed by the construction method of the permeable reaction wall constructed in example 7, the permeability coefficient of the permeable reaction wall and the retention effect of hexavalent chromium thereof were monitored, and the surrounding soil layer (i.e., clay layer) was used as a blank example, and the test method of the nitrate retention effect was: GB/T7467-1987 water quality determination of hexavalent chromium dibenzoyl dihydrazide spectrophotometry; the permeability coefficient test method comprises the following steps: (1) the water pump and the water level gauge are extended into a monitoring well (a liquid pumping pipe can be used as the monitoring well), and the water level in the monitoring well is recorded; (2) recording the water pumping-out amount and the water level after water pumping-out; (3) monitoring the underground water level at intervals until the underground water level is stable; (4) calculating the permeability coefficient through the water extraction amount and the recovery time; the test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 test results for example 7
| Test of | Hexavalent chromium concentration (mg/L) | Coefficient of penetration (cm/s) |
| Blank example | 10.17 | 7.14×10-7 |
| Example 7 | 0.05 | 7.94×10-5 |
The data result shows that after the hexavalent chromium-repairing active filler is replaced by the hexavalent chromium-repairing active filler, the materials are added and the steps are implemented according to the requirements of the invention, the formed wall can retain the reduction effect of the active filler on the hexavalent chromium, and meanwhile, the permeability coefficient can reach the requirement that the permeability coefficient is 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the surrounding soil layer.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a permeable reactive barrier is characterized by comprising the following steps:
filling active filler into a groove in which a permeable reactive barrier is required to be built; then filling bacteria liquid into the pores of the active filler until the permeability coefficient of the active filler is reduced to be 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the surrounding soil;
the active filler comprises, by weight, 85-95 parts of a main material and 5-15 parts of an auxiliary material; the auxiliary material is soluble calcium salt; the bacterial liquid comprises a strain capable of producing urease.
2. The method for constructing a permeable reactive barrier according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the main material is 80-120 mesh; the particle size of the auxiliary materials is less than or equal to 80 meshes.
3. The method for constructing the permeable reactive barrier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bacterial liquid is circularly transported in the pores of the active filler at a circulation rate of: conveying the bacteria liquid with one pore volume of the active filler every 24h in a circulating manner;
the strain is selected from one or more of myxococcus xanthus, sulfate reducing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and bacillus basalis.
4. The construction method of the permeable reactive barrier according to claim 3, wherein the bacteria liquid is obtained by:
adding 20-30g/L of bacterial powder of corresponding strains, 15-20g/L of ammonium sulfate and 10-15g/L of urea into water to obtain a mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 6.5-9.5 by using 0.1mol/L dilute sulfuric acid and ammonia water, and fermenting and culturing at 25-37 ℃ for 24-72 hours.
5. A method for constructing a permeable reactive barrier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said soluble calcium salt is selected from one or more of calcium chloride, calcium acetate and calcium nitrate.
6. A permeable reactive barrier constructed by the permeable reactive barrier construction method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The permeable reactive barrier of claim 6, comprising:
a channel adapted to receive an active filler;
the active filler is filled in the groove to form a permeable reactive barrier main body;
and the circulating well system is arranged in the groove and is suitable for inputting or outputting liquid into or out of the active filler pores.
8. The permeable reaction wall of claim 7, wherein the recycle well system comprises:
one end of the liquid pumping pipe extends to the bottom of the groove, and the other end of the liquid pumping pipe is suitable for being connected with a liquid pumping pump;
the liquid outlet of the infusion tube is arranged in the groove, and the liquid inlet of the infusion tube is suitable for being connected with an infusion pump;
preferably, a plurality of liquid outlets are formed in the infusion tube and are uniformly distributed in the groove; more preferably, the infusion tube is composed of a main tube and a plurality of branch tubes, one end of each branch tube is communicated with the side wall of the main tube; the branch pipes are located in the same plane and are uniformly distributed on the main pipe.
9. The maintenance method of the permeable reactive barrier constructed by the permeable reactive barrier construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
when the osmotic reaction wall is operated until the osmotic coefficient is consistent with that of the surrounding soil or is lower than that of the surrounding soil, the acidic solution is circularly conveyed into the reaction wall until the osmotic coefficient is increased to be 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the surrounding soil.
10. The maintenance method according to claim 9, wherein the permeability coefficient of the permeable reactive barrier is 10-7-10-8When cm/s, the acidic solution is circularly conveyed into the reaction wall until the permeability coefficient of the acidic solution is increased to 10-5-10-6And (5) cm/s.
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