Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an intelligent circulating water treatment system for fishery cultivation, which is easy to popularize and has good water treatment effect.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
an intelligent circulating water treatment system for fishery culture comprises a coarse filtration device, a fine filtration device and a sludge solid-liquid separation device;
the tail water outlet end of the fishpond is in butt joint with the water inlet pipe of the coarse filtering device through a water pump, the clear liquid outlet of the coarse filtering device is in butt joint with the water inlet of the fine filtering device, and the sediment at the bottom of the coarse filtering device enters the sludge solid-liquid separation device after being pumped out through a sewage pump; clear liquid discharged from a water outlet of the fine filtering device flows back to the fish pond.
Also comprises a biochemical treatment tank; the inlet of the biochemical treatment tank is butted with the clear liquid outlet of the fine filtering device; the water outlet of the biochemical treatment tank is in butt joint with the water inlet pipe of the fish pond through a pipeline.
The sludge solid-liquid separation device is a self-cleaning solid-liquid separation device and comprises a filter cartridge (130), a clear water container (102) and a sludge container (103); the filter cartridge is provided with a rotating shaft (131), and two ends of the rotating shaft of the filter cartridge are supported by the supporting mechanism; the filter cartridge is driven by a motor through a gear or a synchronous belt; a plurality of filtering holes (108) are formed in the wall of the front section of the filter cylinder and are used for water in the filter cylinder to leak to a clean water container; the filter cartridge is arranged obliquely, namely the included angle alpha between the rotating shaft and the horizontal plane is in the range: alpha is more than 5 degrees and less than 30 degrees; the front end of the filter cylinder is higher than the rear end of the filter cylinder; the front section of the rotating shaft is a hollow pipe, the pipe wall of the hollow pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes (133), and the hollow pipe is butted with the muddy water inlet pipe; the water outlet is used for leaking muddy water in the hollow pipe into the filter cylinder; the diameter of the filter hole is smaller than that of the water outlet hole; the rear end of the filter cylinder is provided with a sludge discharge port; the clean water container is positioned below the front section of the filter cylinder and is used for receiving the clean water discharged from the filter holes; the sludge container is arranged below the rear section of the filter cylinder and is used for receiving sludge discharged from the sludge discharge port; the inner wall of the rear section of the filter cylinder is provided with a water retaining ring (117).
The fine filtration device is a ceramic membrane or ultrafiltration membrane device, or a fine filtration device DTRO or STRO device.
The coarse filtering device comprises a filtering barrel, a filtering screen is arranged at the top of the filtering barrel, the filtering screen is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane, the lower side of the filtering screen is butted with a slide way, a vibrator is arranged on the filtering screen, waste residues formed after filtering enter a waste residue collecting box through the slide way to be collected, and a water inlet pipe of the coarse filtering device is positioned above the filtering screen; the side part of the filter vat is provided with a cleaning outlet pipe (4), and the bottom of the filter vat is provided with a blow-off pipe (5).
The area of a single mesh of the filter screen is 0.8-3 square millimeters, the area of the single mesh is preferably 1-2 square millimeters, and a collecting tank (convenient for rapid collection of waste residues) is arranged at the low side of the filter screen.
An axial flow type aerator is arranged in the fish pond and used for aerating the fish pond.
The water in the biochemical pond is sprayed in a spraying shape by adopting a flat nozzle and flows back to the fish pond so as to increase the dissolved oxygen of the water in the fish pond. The flat nozzle means that the nozzle has a flat outlet, and water is sprayed outwards like a waterfall. The shape of the nozzle is similar to a fishtail shape (namely, an isosceles trapezoid is large in outlet and small in inlet) in a plan view, the nozzle is unfolded towards the left side and the right side, the contact area of sprayed water and air is increased, and therefore the dissolved oxygen is increased.
Including control system, control system includes MCU, level sensor and oxygen content detection device, MCU passes through the liquid level in level sensor monitoring filter vat and the aquarium, MCU passes through the oxygen content detection device and detects the oxygen content in the water in the aquarium, level sensor and oxygen content detection device all are connected with MCU, the axial-flow type oxygen-increasing machine in water pump and the aquarium all is controlled by MCU. The oxygen content detection device is the existing mature technology, can detect once every 5 minutes or 10 minutes, and can be replaced by an on-line water quality monitor.
The MCU is connected with a communication module, and the communication module is used for being in communication connection with the remote monitoring terminal. The remote monitoring terminal can be a mobile phone or a PC, preferably, the collected data is connected with the server, the server can be accessed through the mobile phone or the PC, the on-site parameters and the states of all devices can be checked, and preferably, a camera is assembled on the on-site.
Has the advantages that:
the invention discloses an intelligent circulating water treatment system for fishery breeding, which is characterized in that:
1. filters based on filter screens (coarse filtration devices)
The device simple structure, the energy consumption is little, can effectual filtration particulate matter. And the filter is rapid, so that the particles are prevented from fermenting at the bottom of the fishpond for a long time, breeding microorganisms and consuming dissolved oxygen.
2. Self-cleaning solid-liquid separation device has simple structure and low cost
The driving mechanism is simple, adopts the motor drive, filters through the lauter tub, easy to carry out. Can realize intelligent control, if through level sensor and weighing transducer, can detect whether clean water basin and sludge impoundment are full of, start actuating mechanism and handle. Through controlling the water inflow and the rotating speed, the efficiency and the effect of adjusting and filtering can be increased.
In addition, have self-cleaning function, the inner wall that the filter vat can be washed to the water that the epaxial apopore of commentaries on classics came out prevents the stifled hole, and this is the core technology point of this scheme.
3. And a fine filtering device is adopted, so that impurities can be further filtered. Ensuring the clearness of water.
4. And biochemical treatment is adopted to further improve the water quality.
In conclusion, the intelligent water treatment system can be realized based on the MCU, has high automation degree, can realize refined rapid circulating treatment of tail water, is easy to implement, is convenient to flexibly move and combine, is a great improvement on the existing water treatment equipment, and has great social benefit and economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
example 1:
water treatment system
An intelligent circulating water treatment system for fishery culture comprises a coarse filtration device, a fine filtration device and a sludge solid-liquid separation device;
the tail water outlet end of the fishpond is in butt joint with the water inlet pipe of the coarse filtering device through a water pump, the clear liquid outlet of the coarse filtering device is in butt joint with the water inlet of the fine filtering device, and the sediment at the bottom of the coarse filtering device enters the sludge solid-liquid separation device after being pumped out through a sewage pump; clear liquid discharged from a water outlet of the fine filtering device flows back to the fish pond.
Also comprises a biochemical treatment tank; the inlet of the biochemical treatment tank is butted with the clear liquid outlet of the fine filtering device; the water outlet of the biochemical treatment tank is in butt joint with the water inlet pipe of the fish pond through a pipeline.
The fine filtration device is a ceramic membrane or ultrafiltration membrane device, or a fine filtration device DTRO or STRO device.
The coarse filtering device comprises a filtering barrel, a filtering screen is arranged at the top of the filtering barrel, the filtering screen is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane, the lower side of the filtering screen is butted with a slide way, a vibrator is arranged on the filtering screen, waste residues formed after filtering enter a waste residue collecting box through the slide way to be collected, and a water inlet pipe of the coarse filtering device is positioned above the filtering screen; the side part of the filter vat is provided with a cleaning outlet pipe 4, and the bottom of the filter vat is provided with a blow-off pipe 5.
The area of a single mesh of the filter screen is 0.8-3 square millimeters, the area of the single mesh is preferably 1-2 square millimeters, and a collecting tank (convenient for rapid collection of waste residues) is arranged at the low side of the filter screen.
An axial flow type aerator is arranged in the fish pond and used for aerating the fish pond.
The water in the biochemical pond is sprayed in a spraying shape by adopting a flat nozzle and flows back to the fish pond so as to increase the dissolved oxygen of the water in the fish pond. The flat nozzle means that the nozzle has a flat outlet, and water is sprayed outwards like a waterfall. The shape of the nozzle is similar to a fishtail shape (namely, an isosceles trapezoid is large in outlet and small in inlet) in a plan view, the nozzle is unfolded towards the left side and the right side, the contact area of sprayed water and air is increased, and therefore the dissolved oxygen is increased.
Including control system, control system includes MCU, level sensor and oxygen content detection device, MCU passes through the liquid level in level sensor monitoring filter vat and the aquarium, MCU passes through the oxygen content detection device and detects the oxygen content in the water in the aquarium, level sensor and oxygen content detection device all are connected with MCU, the axial-flow type oxygen-increasing machine in water pump and the aquarium all is controlled by MCU. The oxygen content detection device is the existing mature technology, can detect once every 5 minutes or 10 minutes, and can be replaced by an on-line water quality monitor.
The MCU is connected with a communication module, and the communication module is used for being in communication connection with the remote monitoring terminal. The remote monitoring terminal can be a mobile phone or a PC, preferably, the collected data is connected with the server, the server can be accessed through the mobile phone or the PC, the on-site parameters and the states of all devices can be checked, and preferably, a camera is assembled on the on-site.
Referring to fig. 4-5, a self-cleaning solid-liquid separation device comprises a filter cartridge 130, a clear water container 102 and a sludge container 103;
the filter cartridge is provided with a rotating shaft 131, and two ends of the rotating shaft of the filter cartridge are supported by a supporting mechanism;
the filter cartridge is driven by a motor through a gear or a synchronous belt;
a plurality of filtering holes 108 are arranged on the wall of the front section of the filter cylinder and are used for leaking water in the filter cylinder to a clean water container;
the filter cartridge is arranged obliquely, namely the included angle alpha between the rotating shaft and the horizontal plane is in the range: alpha is more than 5 degrees and less than 30 degrees; the front end of the filter cylinder is higher than the rear end of the filter cylinder;
the front section of the rotating shaft is a hollow pipe, the pipe wall of the hollow pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes 133, and the hollow pipe is butted with a muddy water inlet pipe (the muddy water inlet pipe of the device is butted with a slag discharge pipe of the preceding-stage equipment); the water outlet is used for leaking muddy water in the hollow pipe into the filter cylinder; the diameter of the filter hole is smaller than that of the water outlet hole;
the rear end of the filter cylinder is provided with a sludge discharge port;
the clean water container is positioned below the front section of the filter cylinder and is used for receiving the clean water discharged from the filter holes;
the sludge container is arranged below the rear section of the filter cylinder and is used for receiving sludge discharged from the sludge discharge port;
the inner wall of the rear section of the filter cartridge is provided with a water retaining ring 117.
The support mechanism is a support post 132 with bearings.
The rear end of the filter cylinder is a wheel-type component with spokes; the hole between the adjacent spokes is a sludge discharge port.
Preferably, the angle α between the rotation axis and the horizontal plane is 15 degrees.
A sewage draining mechanism is arranged in the sludge container, and the sewage draining mechanism is a sewage draining pump.
Description of the working process: the muddy water discharged by the coarse filtering device has more water content and needs to be further filtered, and the muddy water enters the front section of the rotating shaft through the pipeline and then enters the interior of the filter cylinder through the water outlet hole; the water in the filter cartridge passes through the filter holes and leaks into the clean water container; under the action of gravity, the sludge moves towards the rear end until reaching the water baffle, and when the sludge accumulation exceeds the height of the water baffle, the sludge can cross the water baffle and leak out of the sludge discharge port into the sludge container; when the filter cartridge needs to be overhauled, the accumulated sludge pinched by the filter cartridge is manually discharged. The filter cartridge rotates, muddy water continuously washes the filter holes, and self-cleaning is realized.
The self-cleaning solid-liquid separation device has simple structure and low cost. Specifically, actuating mechanism is simple, adopts motor drive, filters through the lauter tub, easy to carry out. Can realize intelligent control, if through level sensor and weighing transducer, can detect whether clean water basin and sludge impoundment are full of, start actuating mechanism and handle. Through controlling the water inflow and the rotating speed, the efficiency and the effect of adjusting and filtering can be increased. In addition, have self-cleaning function, the inner wall that the filter vat can be washed to the water that the epaxial apopore of commentaries on classics came out prevents the stifled hole, and this is the core technology point of this scheme.
The sludge treatment device (solid-liquid separation device) is used for further filtering the waste residue discharged by the sewage treatment device and removing part of water in the waste residue, and has low cost.
The water treatment method is a water treatment method corresponding to the water treatment system.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a method of tail water treatment for a high density aquaculture system includes the steps of:
step 1: a coarse filtration step;
filtering feed residues and fish feces in tail water of the fishpond by a filter screen in a rough filtering device; the coarse filtration device comprises a filter vat, and the precipitate in the filter vat enters a sludge solid-liquid separation device for further treatment; the clear liquid in the filter vat enters a fine filter device of the next stage;
step 2: fine filtration:
further processing the clear liquid by adopting a ceramic membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane; the treated water is returned to the fishpond.
In the step 2, the water after fine filtration is subjected to biochemical treatment in a biochemical pond and then returns to the fish pond for recycling; the biochemical tank is used for reducing ammonia nitrogen and COD value in the tail water.
The area of a single mesh of the filter screen is 0.8-3 square millimeters.
The filter screen is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane, the lower side of the filter screen is in butt joint with the slide way, the vibrator is arranged on the filter screen, and waste residues formed after filtration enter the waste residue collecting box through the slide way to be collected.
An axial flow type aerator is arranged in the fish pond and used for aerating the fish pond. See patents: [ utility model ]]Split body Impeller aerator-202121466550.4Publication No. CN 215012762U.
The tail water is lifted by a water pump and then enters a filter vat.
The sludge solid-liquid separation device is a self-cleaning solid-liquid separation device.
The water in the biochemical pond flows back to the fish pond in a spraying manner so as to increase the dissolved oxygen of the water in the fish pond.
Through the liquid level in level sensor monitoring filter vat and the aquarium, detect the oxygen content in the water in the aquarium through oxygen content detection device, level sensor and oxygen content detection device all are connected with MCU, and water pump and axial-flow type oxygen-increasing machine all are controlled by MCU.
And water discharged from the sludge solid-liquid separation device enters the water inlet end of the fine filtration device.
A vibration device based on a floating ball may be used instead of a vibration motor (electric vibrator), as shown in fig. 6, a vibration device based on a floating ball includes a fixed pulley, a cam, a spring, a pull rope, and a floating ball;
the pull rope is wound on the fixed pulley, one end of the pull rope is connected with the floating ball, and the other end of the pull rope is connected with the spring and fixed;
the cam is connected and linked with the fixed pulley through a transmission mechanism;
when the water level changes, the floating ball rises and falls, so that the floating ball drives the fixed pulley to rotate through the pull rope, the cam is also driven to rotate, and the filter screen is driven to vibrate. In order to increase the frequency of vibration, the transmission mechanism is a speed increasing mechanism, the transmission mechanism is a gear or a belt wheel mechanism, and the cam rotates for a plurality of circles when the pulley rotates for one circle.
Preferably, a counterweight is arranged below the floating ball. The floater sets up in the barrel, and the barrel lower extreme opening is spacing for the floater, prevents the floater horizontal hunting.
By adopting the mode, the vibration self-cleaning of the filter screen is realized through the buoyancy of the floating ball, energy consumption in the aspect of vibration is not needed, and the method is more suitable for popularization and implementation.
The cam is located below the filter screen. The cylinder body is arranged in the filter barrel, and the bottom of the cylinder body is communicated with the cavity in the filter barrel; the water level in the filter vat and the barrel body change simultaneously, and the change of water level then leads to the floater to go up and down, and then drives the vibration of cam drive filter screen.