CN114226351B - Complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for dry cutting processing of composite material - Google Patents
Complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for dry cutting processing of composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114226351B CN114226351B CN202110939051.0A CN202110939051A CN114226351B CN 114226351 B CN114226351 B CN 114226351B CN 202110939051 A CN202110939051 A CN 202110939051A CN 114226351 B CN114226351 B CN 114226351B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
- B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B15/00—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
- B08B15/04—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area from a small area, e.g. a tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
- B23Q11/006—Devices for removing chips by sucking and blowing simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/18—Means for removing cut-out material or waste
- B26D7/1845—Means for removing cut-out material or waste by non mechanical means
- B26D7/1854—Means for removing cut-out material or waste by non mechanical means by air under pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/18—Means for removing cut-out material or waste
- B26D7/1845—Means for removing cut-out material or waste by non mechanical means
- B26D7/1863—Means for removing cut-out material or waste by non mechanical means by suction
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种复合材料干切加工复杂多工况自适应除尘装置，包括大齿轮、主轴外连接支架、小齿轮和机械手。主轴外连接支架和小齿轮固定支架均连接在机床主轴外壳上，小齿轮固定支架上固定有小齿轮电机，小齿轮电机的输出轴穿过小齿轮固定支架并与小齿轮连接。主轴外连接支架的下表面连接有大齿轮，小齿轮与大齿轮外啮合。大齿轮的下表面连接有两块机械手悬挂支撑板，两块机械手悬挂支撑板均连接有机械手，两个机械手分别安装正压软管前端鸭嘴头和负压软管转接头。数控系统根据加工轨迹与数控代码指导两个机械手工作，实时调整正压软管前端鸭嘴头和负压软管转接头的位置，吹掉和吸收粉尘。
The invention discloses a complex multi-working condition adaptive dust removal device for dry cutting of composite materials, which includes a large gear, a main shaft external connecting bracket, a small gear and a manipulator. The spindle external connecting bracket and the pinion fixing bracket are both connected to the machine tool spindle shell. The pinion fixing bracket is fixed with a pinion motor. The output shaft of the pinion motor passes through the pinion fixing bracket and is connected to the pinion. The lower surface of the main shaft external connecting bracket is connected with a large gear, and the small gear is externally meshed with the large gear. The lower surface of the large gear is connected to two manipulator suspension support plates. The two manipulator suspension support plates are connected to manipulators. The two manipulators are respectively installed with the duckbill head at the front end of the positive pressure hose and the negative pressure hose adapter. The CNC system guides the work of the two manipulators based on the machining trajectory and CNC code, adjusts the position of the duckbill head at the front end of the positive pressure hose and the negative pressure hose adapter in real time, and blows off and absorbs dust.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dry cutting processing of multi-working-condition composite materials, in particular to a complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for dry cutting processing of composite materials.
Background
Under the environment of green manufacturing, the composite material has the advantages of high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, strong impact resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the lightweight design process of structural members such as aviation, aerospace, automobiles and the like. And the molded composite material generally needs subsequent milling and drilling to meet the requirements of size and precision. Dust particles are inevitably generated in the cutting process, and dust with different particle sizes firstly causes environmental pollution in a processing area, and secondly, serious health risks are also generated for machine tool operators, namely, tiny dust particles can reach the deepest part of the human respiratory system. In addition, the carbon fiber dust particles have conductivity and can damage and even destroy mechanical and electronic components, so that the development of a dust removing device for dry cutting processing of composite materials is very necessary.
Aiming at the problems, the existing dust removing device can realize that an axial telescopic structure and a workpiece processing surface generate a cavity, negative pressure of the cavity is generated by means of gas flowing in a negative pressure dust collector, and finally rapid collection and treatment of chips are completed. Meanwhile, the prior art also proposes to use robotic arm to drive dust collector, cutting tool subassembly and connection structure, and after the cutting tool installation was accomplished, automatic handling mechanism connects the dust excluding hood body, and the tool bit stretches out by dust excluding hood body dust absorption mouth. When the cutter is replaced, the automatic loading and unloading mechanism unloads the dust hood body, so that the cutter replacement is completed. The whole system is completed on the mechanical arm, the industrial mechanical arm is introduced, the volume is large, the economic cost is high, the space of a workbench is occupied, and the steps for replacing the cutter are complicated and the automation is not completely realized, so that the use occasion is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for dry cutting processing of composite materials, which solves the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is that the complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for the dry cutting processing of the composite material comprises a large gear, a main shaft outer connecting bracket, a small gear and a manipulator.
The external spindle connecting support and the pinion fixing support are detachably connected to the machine tool spindle shell, a pinion motor is fixed on the pinion fixing support, and an output shaft of the pinion motor penetrates through the pinion fixing support and is connected with a pinion.
The lower surface of the main shaft external connection support is connected with a large gear bearing, a large gear is fixed on the large gear bearing, and a small gear is externally meshed with the large gear.
The main shaft in the machine tool main shaft shell is connected with the cutter handle, the lower end of the cutter handle extends out of the machine tool main shaft shell and penetrates through the main shaft outer connecting support and the large gear bearing, and the cutter is connected with the lower end of the cutter handle.
The lower surface of the large gear is connected with two manipulator suspension support plates, and the two manipulator suspension support plates are symmetrical about the axis of the large gear.
The lower surfaces of the two manipulator suspension support plates are connected with manipulators, and each manipulator comprises a manipulator connecting rod, a manipulator connecting frame, a manipulator large arm, a manipulator front end round rod, a manipulator front end motor and a manipulator axial motor connecting frame.
The connecting frame for the manipulator axial motor is connected to the lower surface of the manipulator suspension supporting plate, the fixing plate for the manipulator axial motor is arranged below the connecting frame for the manipulator axial motor, the lower surface of the fixing plate for the manipulator axial motor is connected with the manipulator axial motor, and an output shaft of the manipulator axial motor penetrates through the fixing plate for the manipulator axial motor and is fixedly connected with the connecting frame for the manipulator axial motor.
The edge of the fixing plate for the manipulator axial motor is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame and a manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame, the upper end of the manipulator big arm is positioned between the manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame and the manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame, and the lower end of the manipulator big arm is hinged with the manipulator connecting frame.
The manipulator side B motor connecting frame is connected with a manipulator side B motor, an output shaft of the manipulator side B motor is connected with a manipulator side B motor rocker, the manipulator side B motor rocker is hinged with the upper end of a manipulator connecting rod, and the lower end of the manipulator connecting rod is hinged with the manipulator connecting frame.
The manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame is connected with a manipulator side surface A motor, and an output shaft of the manipulator side surface A motor is fixedly connected with the upper end of the manipulator big arm through a manipulator side surface A motor transmission rod.
The upper end of the round rod at the front end of the manipulator is connected with the manipulator connecting frame, the lower end of the round rod is connected with the motor bracket at the front end of the manipulator, and the motor bracket at the front end of the manipulator is provided with a motor at the front end of the manipulator.
An output shaft of the front end motor of the manipulator is connected with a front end motor shaft of the manipulator, and the front end motor shaft of the manipulator is connected with a front end bracket of the hose.
The front end brackets of the hoses connected with the two manipulators are respectively connected with a hose, and the upper ends of the two hoses are respectively fixed on the two manipulator hanging support plates.
The two hose front end brackets are respectively connected with a positive pressure hose front end duckbill head and a negative pressure hose adapter, and the positive pressure hose front end duckbill head and the negative pressure hose adapter are respectively communicated with corresponding hoses.
Before machining, after the workpiece sensor detects that the workpiece is installed in place, the camera photographs and transmits the acquired workpiece image to the numerical control system for processing, so that the track planning of the cutter is completed, a machining code is generated, and the machining track and the numerical control code of the workpiece are obtained.
During processing, the cutter processes the work piece that has the curved surface, numerical control system instructs manipulator front end motor, pinion motor, manipulator axial motor, manipulator side B motor and manipulator side A motor work according to processing track and numerical control code, the position of real-time adjustment malleation hose front end duckbill and negative pressure hose adapter provides malleation air current to the hose of being connected with malleation hose front end duckbill, malleation hose front end duckbill blows the dirt, provides the negative pressure air current to the hose of being connected with the negative pressure hose adapter, and the negative pressure hose adapter is absorbed dust.
Further, the large gear bearing comprises a bearing inner ring fixing ring, a large gear bearing inner ring and a large gear bearing outer ring, wherein the bearing inner ring fixing ring is fixed on the lower surface of the main shaft outer connecting support through screws, the large gear bearing inner ring is in interference fit with the outer ring of the bearing inner ring, the large gear bearing outer ring is assembled on the large gear bearing inner ring through balls, and the outer ring of the large gear bearing outer ring is in interference fit connection with the inner ring of the large gear.
Further, the main shaft external connection support and the pinion fixing support are connected to the machine tool main shaft shell through screws.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. aiming at large-particle dust, the sedimentation time is short, and the dust removal efficiency can be improved by 50% by the independent action of the negative pressure hose manipulator; aiming at small particle dust, the sedimentation time is long, the positive pressure mechanical arm and the negative pressure mechanical arm are arranged in a aligned mode, positive pressure and negative pressure act simultaneously, dust diversion in a processing area is completed, and finally the dust removal efficiency is improved by 50%;
2. the device uses a vision and sensor system, realizes CAD/CAM tool path planning and generates a machining code, so as to establish an adaptable multi-working-material cutting machining dust removal system and provide a guarantee for the self-adaptive expansion of the cutting machining dust removal of the composite material;
3. the device breaks through the application of the self-adaptive dust removal, vision and sensor system, avoids the artificial interference in the dust removal process and the collision between the dust removal device and the workpiece to be processed, and reduces the labor cost and the processing safety;
4. the device is open type dust removal, has stronger applicability to different types of workpieces, breaks through dust removal processing of curved surface parts on the premise of ensuring dust removal efficiency, and expands curved surface milling and drilling processing of composite material parts;
5. the device has high integration level, comprises a vision and sensor system and an electromechanical system, and the actions of the subsystems are independent and mutually cooperated, so that the device has small volume and small occupied space;
6. the device has lighter weight and 9400 resin printing materials except the motor and the bearing, reduces the hanging weight of the main shaft shell of the machine tool, saves the production cost and has wide market application prospect;
7. the device can realize multiple degrees of freedom, and comprises axial rotation of a large gear, axial distance adjustment of a positive pressure manipulator and a negative pressure manipulator along a cutter, radial distance adjustment along the cutter, axial rotation of an axial motor of the positive pressure manipulator and the negative pressure manipulator, rotation of a duckbill at the front end of a positive pressure hose and rotation of a negative pressure hose adapter.
8. When the cutter is required to be replaced, the dust removing device body is not required to be detached, the production and manufacturing cost of the loading and unloading mechanism is reduced, the time occupied by forming the negative pressure cavity is avoided in the dust removing process, the production and processing efficiency is improved, and the environment-friendly dust removing device is used immediately after installation and is ecological and healthy.
In conclusion, the device can meet the processing requirements of composite materials in the existing machine tool market, can adapt to different particle dust, can realize open type self-adaptive dust removal, light weight, high integration level, multiple degrees of freedom and low cost, can finish curved surface processing, and further, ensures the personal health of a machine tool operator and the safety of the device, so that the device has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of tool path planning before machining;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the outer spindle connection bracket;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the external meshing of a large gear with a small gear;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a robot;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the mounting of a side B motor rocker of a manipulator;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a negative pressure hose adapter;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a positive pressure hose front end duckbill;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the connection of the robot suspension support plate and the robot.
In the figure: the machine tool spindle housing 1, the large gear 2, the hose 3, the manipulator connecting rod 4, the manipulator connecting frame 5, the manipulator large arm 6, the manipulator front end round bar 7, the manipulator front end motor 8, the workpiece 9, the tool holder 10, the tool 11, the pinion motor 13, the pinion fixing bracket 14, the bearing inner ring fixing ring 15, the spindle outer connecting bracket 16, the manipulator suspension support plate 17, the pinion 19, the large gear bearing outer ring 21, the large gear bearing inner ring 22, the manipulator axial motor connecting frame 23, the manipulator side B motor connecting frame 24, the manipulator axial motor 25, the manipulator side B motor 26, the manipulator front end motor bracket 27, the manipulator side a motor 29, the manipulator side a motor connecting frame 30, the manipulator axial motor fixing plate 31, the manipulator side B motor rocker 32, the manipulator side a motor transmission rod 33, the negative pressure hose adapter 36, the hose front end bracket 38, the positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39 and the manipulator front end motor shaft 40.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations are made according to the ordinary skill and familiar means of the art without departing from the technical spirit of the invention, and all such substitutions and alterations are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment discloses a complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for dry cutting of composite materials, which comprises a large gear 2, a main shaft external connecting bracket 16, a small gear 19 and a manipulator.
Referring to fig. 3, the external spindle connecting bracket 16 and the pinion fixing bracket 14 are detachably connected to the machine tool spindle housing 1 by screws, so that universality can be realized by only installing an adapter plate outside the external spindle connecting bracket 16 for various machine tools.
The pinion motor 13 is fixed on the pinion fixing bracket 14, and an output shaft of the pinion motor 13 passes through the pinion fixing bracket 14 and is connected with the pinion 19.
The lower surface of the main shaft external connection bracket 16 is connected with a large gear bearing, the large gear 2 is fixed on the large gear bearing, and the small gear 19 is externally meshed with the large gear 2, see fig. 4.
The large gear bearing comprises a bearing inner ring fixing ring 15, a large gear bearing inner ring 22 and a large gear bearing outer ring 21, wherein the bearing inner ring fixing ring 15 is fixed on the lower surface of the main shaft outer connecting support 16 through screws, the large gear bearing inner ring 22 is in interference fit with the outer ring of the bearing inner ring fixing ring 15, the large gear bearing outer ring 21 is assembled on the large gear bearing inner ring 22 through balls, and the outer ring of the large gear bearing outer ring 21 is in interference fit connection with the inner ring of the large gear 2.
Referring to fig. 2, a spindle in the machine tool spindle housing 1 is connected with a tool shank 10, the lower end of the tool shank 10 extends out of the machine tool spindle housing 1 and passes through a spindle external connection bracket 16 and a large gear bearing, and a tool 11 is connected with the lower end of the tool shank 10.
Referring to fig. 3, two manipulator suspension support plates 17 are connected to the lower surface of the large gear 2, and the two manipulator suspension support plates 17 are symmetrical about the axis of the large gear 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the lower surfaces of the two manipulator suspension support plates 17 are both connected with a manipulator, and the manipulator comprises a manipulator connecting rod 4, a manipulator connecting frame 5, a manipulator big arm 6, a manipulator front end round rod 7, a manipulator front end motor 8 and a manipulator axial motor connecting frame 23.
The connecting frame 23 for the manipulator axial motor is connected to the lower surface of the manipulator suspension supporting plate 17, see fig. 5 or 9, a fixing plate 31 for the manipulator axial motor is arranged below the connecting frame 23 for the manipulator axial motor, the lower surface of the fixing plate 31 for the manipulator axial motor is connected with the manipulator axial motor 25, and an output shaft of the manipulator axial motor 25 passes through the fixing plate 31 for the manipulator axial motor and is fixedly connected with the connecting frame 23 for the manipulator axial motor.
The edge of the fixing plate 31 for the manipulator axial motor is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame 24 and a manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame 30, the upper end of the manipulator big arm 6 is positioned between the manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame 24 and the manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame 30, and the lower end is hinged with the manipulator connecting frame 5.
The manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame 24 is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor 26, an output shaft of the manipulator side surface B motor 26 is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor rocker 32, and the manipulator side surface B motor rocker 32 is hinged with the upper end of the manipulator connecting rod 4, and the lower end of the manipulator connecting rod 4 is hinged with the manipulator connecting frame 5, as shown in fig. 6.
The manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame 30 is connected with a manipulator side surface A motor 29, and an output shaft of the manipulator side surface A motor 29 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the manipulator big arm 6 through a manipulator side surface A motor transmission rod 33.
The upper end of the round rod 7 at the front end of the manipulator is connected with the manipulator connecting frame 5, the lower end of the round rod is connected with the motor bracket 27 at the front end of the manipulator, and the motor bracket 27 at the front end of the manipulator is provided with the motor 8 at the front end of the manipulator.
Referring to fig. 7 or 8, the output shaft of the manipulator front motor 8 is connected to a manipulator front motor shaft 40, and the manipulator front motor shaft 40 is connected to a hose front bracket 38.
The hose 3 is connected to the front end brackets 38 of the hoses connected with the two manipulators, and the upper ends of the two hoses 3 are respectively fixed on the two manipulator hanging support plates 17.
Referring to fig. 7 or 8, the two hose front end brackets 38 are respectively connected with a positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39 and a negative pressure hose adapter 36, and the positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39 and the negative pressure hose adapter 36 are respectively communicated with the corresponding hoses 3.
The manipulator with the positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39 is referred to as a positive pressure manipulator, and the manipulator with the negative pressure hose adapter 36 is referred to as a negative pressure manipulator.
Referring to fig. 1, before machining, after the workpiece sensor detects that the workpiece 9 is installed in place, the camera photographs and transmits the acquired workpiece image to the numerical control system for processing, so as to complete the track planning of the cutter 11 and generate a machining code, and obtain the machining track and the numerical control code of the workpiece 9.
During processing, the cutter 11 cuts the workpiece 9 with a curved surface according to the processing track and the numerical control code, the numerical control system guides the front end motor 8, the pinion motor 13, the manipulator axial motor 25, the manipulator side surface B motor 26 and the manipulator side surface A motor 29 to work according to the processing track and the numerical control code, positions of the positive pressure hose front end duckbill head 39 and the negative pressure hose adapter 36 are adjusted in real time, positive pressure airflow is provided for the hose 3 connected with the positive pressure hose front end duckbill head 39, dust blowing is carried out on the positive pressure hose front end duckbill head 39, negative pressure airflow is provided for the hose 3 connected with the negative pressure hose adapter 36, and the negative pressure hose adapter 36 is used for dust collection, so that an open flow guiding mode is realized.
It should be noted that, the device in this embodiment mainly solves the technical problem that dust particles are quickly recovered in the process of drilling and milling composite materials such as magnetic composite materials and fiber composite materials in a numerical control machining center, and the device can adapt to a multi-working condition composite material cutting and dust removing control system to read a machining track and numerical control codes of a workpiece to be machined, and can adapt to the multi-working condition composite material cutting and dust removing control system to output corresponding pulses to a pinion motor 13 according to the read machining track and numerical control codes on the premise of avoiding interference between the bottoms of a positive pressure mechanical arm and a negative pressure mechanical arm, wherein the pinion motor 13 directly drives the pinion 19 to rotate and drives a bull gear 2 to rotate by corresponding angles in a spur gear meshing mode, the positive pressure mechanical arm and the negative pressure mechanical arm are respectively arranged at the lower end of the bull gear 2 through two mechanical arm hanging support plates 17, and the two mechanical arm hanging support plates 17 are arranged in opposite positions. Considering that the main shaft swings during curved surface machining, the two manipulator axial motors 25 and the two manipulator front end motors 8 are kept electrified so as to ensure that the positive pressure manipulator and the negative pressure manipulator tail cannot interfere with curved surface workpieces. The manipulator side surface A motor 29 and the manipulator side surface B motor 26 of the positive pressure and negative pressure manipulators act simultaneously to complete the adjustment of the axial distance between the positive pressure manipulator and the negative pressure manipulator along the cutter and the adjustment of the radial distance between the positive pressure manipulator and the negative pressure manipulator along the cutter.
Considering the large values of tooth thickness and tooth slot width on the dividing circle of the large gear 2 and the complexity of the curved surface of the workpiece to be processed, the corresponding angles of each tooth rotation of the large gear 2 may enable the positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39 and the negative pressure hose adapter 36 driven by the positive pressure and negative pressure manipulators to be not always tangential to the linear velocity direction of the cutter, so that the manipulator axial motors 25 are respectively and adaptively rotated by small angles around the axial direction while the manipulator side A29 and the manipulator side B motors 26 are adjusted, the rotation of the output shaft of the manipulator axial motors 25 can drive the manipulator axial motors to rotate by the fixing plates 31, and thus the small-angle rotation adjustment of the positive pressure and negative pressure manipulators is realized, and the angles of the positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39 and the negative pressure hose adapter 36 relative to the contact areas of the cutter 11 and the workpiece 9 are adjusted.
After the adjustment of the axial motor 25 of the manipulator is completed, the front motor 8 of the manipulator drives the duckbill support 38 at the front end of the hose to rotate, so as to adjust the angles of the duckbill 39 at the front end of the positive pressure hose and the contact area of the negative pressure hose adapter 36 relative to the cutter 11 and the workpiece 9, namely, the positive pressure dust blowing angle and the negative pressure dust collection angle.
In addition, the dust blowing device at the front end of the positive pressure manipulator is a positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39, so as to improve the airflow speed of the positive pressure port, the dust collecting device at the front end of the negative pressure manipulator is a negative pressure hose adapter 36, the inner diameter of the negative pressure hose adapter 36 is obviously larger than that of the positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39, the purpose is to consider the gravity action of large particle dust, ensure that the dust can be accurately guided into the negative pressure hose adapter 36, and thus the positive pressure and the negative pressure cooperate together, so that the optimal dust collecting effect is ensured.
Example 2:
the embodiment discloses a complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for dry cutting of composite materials, which comprises a large gear 2, a main shaft external connecting bracket 16, a small gear 19 and a manipulator.
Referring to fig. 3, the external spindle connecting bracket 16 and the pinion fixing bracket 14 are detachably connected to the machine tool spindle housing 1, the pinion fixing bracket 14 is fixed with a pinion motor 13, and an output shaft of the pinion motor 13 passes through the pinion fixing bracket 14 and is connected with a pinion 19.
The lower surface of the main shaft external connection bracket 16 is connected with a large gear bearing, the large gear 2 is fixed on the large gear bearing, and the small gear 19 is externally meshed with the large gear 2, see fig. 4.
Referring to fig. 2, a spindle in the machine tool spindle housing 1 is connected with a tool shank 10, the lower end of the tool shank 10 extends out of the machine tool spindle housing 1 and passes through a spindle external connection bracket 16 and a large gear bearing, and a tool 11 is connected with the lower end of the tool shank 10.
Referring to fig. 3, two manipulator suspension support plates 17 are connected to the lower surface of the large gear 2, and the two manipulator suspension support plates 17 are symmetrical about the axis of the large gear 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the lower surfaces of the two manipulator suspension support plates 17 are both connected with a manipulator, and the manipulator comprises a manipulator connecting rod 4, a manipulator connecting frame 5, a manipulator big arm 6, a manipulator front end round rod 7, a manipulator front end motor 8 and a manipulator axial motor connecting frame 23.
Referring to fig. 5 or 9, the connecting frame 23 for a robot axial motor is connected to the lower surface of the robot suspension support plate 17, a fixing plate 31 for a robot axial motor is disposed below the connecting frame 23 for a robot axial motor, the lower surface of the fixing plate 31 for a robot axial motor is connected to the robot axial motor 25, and an output shaft of the robot axial motor 25 passes through the fixing plate 31 for a robot axial motor and is fixedly connected with the connecting frame 23 for a robot axial motor.
The edge of the fixing plate 31 for the manipulator axial motor is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame 24 and a manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame 30, the upper end of the manipulator big arm 6 is positioned between the manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame 24 and the manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame 30, and the lower end is hinged with the manipulator connecting frame 5.
The manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame 24 is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor 26, an output shaft of the manipulator side surface B motor 26 is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor rocker 32, and the manipulator side surface B motor rocker 32 is hinged with the upper end of the manipulator connecting rod 4, and the lower end of the manipulator connecting rod 4 is hinged with the manipulator connecting frame 5, as shown in fig. 6.
The manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame 30 is connected with a manipulator side surface A motor 29, and an output shaft of the manipulator side surface A motor 29 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the manipulator big arm 6 through a manipulator side surface A motor transmission rod 33.
The upper end of the round rod 7 at the front end of the manipulator is connected with the manipulator connecting frame 5, the lower end of the round rod is connected with the motor bracket 27 at the front end of the manipulator, and the motor bracket 27 at the front end of the manipulator is provided with the motor 8 at the front end of the manipulator.
Referring to fig. 7 or 8, the output shaft of the manipulator front motor 8 is connected to a manipulator front motor shaft 40, and the manipulator front motor shaft 40 is connected to a hose front bracket 38.
The hose 3 is connected to the front end brackets 38 of the hoses connected with the two manipulators, and the upper ends of the two hoses 3 are respectively fixed on the two manipulator hanging support plates 17.
Referring to fig. 7 or 8, the two hose front end brackets 38 are respectively connected with a positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39 and a negative pressure hose adapter 36, and the positive pressure hose front end duckbill 39 and the negative pressure hose adapter 36 are respectively communicated with the corresponding hoses 3.
Referring to fig. 1, before machining, after the workpiece sensor detects that the workpiece 9 is installed in place, the camera photographs and transmits the acquired workpiece image to the numerical control system for processing, so as to complete the track planning of the cutter 11 and generate a machining code, and obtain the machining track and the numerical control code of the workpiece 9.
During processing, the cutter 11 processes the workpiece 9 with the curved surface, the numerical control system guides the front end motor 8, the pinion motor 13, the axial motor 25, the side B motor 26 and the side A motor 29 to work according to the processing track and numerical control codes, positions of the front end duckbill 39 and the negative pressure hose adapter 36 of the positive pressure hose are adjusted in real time, positive pressure airflow is provided for the hose 3 connected with the front end duckbill 39 of the positive pressure hose, the front end duckbill 39 of the positive pressure hose blows dust, negative pressure airflow is provided for the hose 3 connected with the negative pressure hose adapter 36, and the negative pressure hose adapter 36 sucks dust.
Example 3:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, and further, the said large gear bearing includes a bearing inner ring fixing ring 15, a large gear bearing inner ring 22 and a large gear bearing outer ring 21, the bearing inner ring fixing ring 15 is fixed on the lower surface of the main shaft outer connecting bracket 16 by screws, the outer ring of the bearing inner ring fixing ring 15 is interference fit with the large gear bearing inner ring 22, the large gear bearing outer ring 21 is assembled on the large gear bearing inner ring 22 by adopting balls, and the outer ring of the large gear bearing outer ring 21 is interference fit connected with the inner ring of the large gear 2.
Example 4:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, and further, the spindle outer connecting bracket 16 and the pinion fixing bracket 14 are both connected to the machine tool spindle housing 1 by screws.
Claims (3)
1. A complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for dry cutting processing of composite materials is characterized in that: comprises a large gear (2), a main shaft external connecting bracket (16), a small gear (19) and a manipulator;
the main shaft external connection support (16) and the pinion fixing support (14) are detachably connected to the machine tool main shaft shell (1), a pinion motor (13) is fixed on the pinion fixing support (14), and an output shaft of the pinion motor (13) penetrates through the pinion fixing support (14) and is connected with a pinion (19);
the lower surface of the main shaft external connection bracket (16) is connected with a large gear bearing, the large gear (2) is fixed on the large gear bearing, and the small gear (19) is externally meshed with the large gear (2);
the main shaft in the machine tool main shaft housing (1) is connected with the tool handle (10), the lower end of the tool handle (10) extends out of the machine tool main shaft housing (1) and penetrates through the main shaft outer connecting support (16) and the large gear bearing, and the cutter (11) is connected with the lower end of the tool handle (10);
the lower surface of the large gear (2) is connected with two manipulator suspension support plates (17), and the two manipulator suspension support plates (17) are symmetrical about the axis of the large gear (2);
the lower surfaces of the two manipulator suspension support plates (17) are connected with manipulators, and each manipulator comprises a manipulator connecting rod (4), a manipulator connecting frame (5), a manipulator big arm (6), a manipulator front end round rod (7), a manipulator front end motor (8) and a manipulator axial motor connecting frame (23);
the connecting frame (23) for the mechanical arm axial motor is connected to the lower surface of the mechanical arm suspension supporting plate (17), the fixing plate (31) for the mechanical arm axial motor is arranged below the connecting frame (23) for the mechanical arm axial motor, the mechanical arm axial motor (25) is connected to the lower surface of the fixing plate (31) for the mechanical arm axial motor, and an output shaft of the mechanical arm axial motor (25) penetrates through the fixing plate (31) for the mechanical arm axial motor and is fixedly connected with the connecting frame (23) for the mechanical arm axial motor;
the edge of the fixing plate (31) for the manipulator axial motor is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame (24) and a manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame (30), the upper end of the manipulator big arm (6) is positioned between the manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame (24) and the manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame (30), and the lower end of the manipulator big arm is hinged with the manipulator connecting frame (5);
the manipulator side surface B motor connecting frame (24) is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor (26), an output shaft of the manipulator side surface B motor (26) is connected with a manipulator side surface B motor rocker (32), the manipulator side surface B motor rocker (32) is hinged with the upper end of the manipulator connecting rod (4), and the lower end of the manipulator connecting rod (4) is hinged with the manipulator connecting frame (5);
the manipulator side surface A motor connecting frame (30) is connected with a manipulator side surface A motor (29), and an output shaft of the manipulator side surface A motor (29) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the manipulator big arm (6) through a manipulator side surface A motor transmission rod (33);
the upper end of the round rod (7) at the front end of the manipulator is connected with the manipulator connecting frame (5), the lower end of the round rod is connected with the motor bracket (27) at the front end of the manipulator, and the motor bracket (27) at the front end of the manipulator is provided with a motor (8) at the front end of the manipulator;
an output shaft of the manipulator front end motor (8) is connected with a manipulator front end motor shaft (40), and the manipulator front end motor shaft (40) is connected with a hose front end bracket (38);
the front end brackets (38) of the hoses connected with the two manipulators are connected with hoses (3), and the upper ends of the two hoses (3) are respectively fixed on the two manipulator suspension support plates (17);
the two hose front end brackets (38) are respectively connected with a positive pressure hose front end duckbill head (39) and a negative pressure hose adapter (36), and the positive pressure hose front end duckbill head (39) and the negative pressure hose adapter (36) are respectively communicated with the corresponding hoses (3);
before machining, after the workpiece sensor detects that the workpiece (9) is installed in place, a camera photographs and transmits the acquired workpiece image to a numerical control system for processing, so as to complete track planning of the cutter (11) and generate a machining code, and a machining track of the workpiece (9) and the numerical control code are obtained;
during processing, the cutter (11) processes a workpiece (9) with a curved surface, the numerical control system guides a manipulator front end motor (8), a pinion motor (13), a manipulator axial motor (25), a manipulator side surface B motor (26) and a manipulator side surface A motor (29) to work according to processing tracks and numerical control codes, positions of a positive pressure hose front end duckbill head (39) and a negative pressure hose adapter (36) are adjusted in real time, positive pressure airflow is provided for a hose (3) connected with the positive pressure hose front end duckbill head (39), dust blowing is carried out on the positive pressure hose front end duckbill head (39), negative pressure airflow is provided for a hose (3) connected with the negative pressure hose adapter (36), and dust collection is carried out on the negative pressure hose adapter (36).
2. The complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for dry cutting of composite materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the large gear bearing comprises a bearing inner ring fixing ring (15), a large gear bearing inner ring (22) and a large gear bearing outer ring (21), wherein the bearing inner ring fixing ring (15) is fixed on the lower surface of a main shaft outer connecting support (16) through screws, the large gear bearing inner ring (22) is in interference fit with the outer ring of the bearing inner ring fixing ring (15), the large gear bearing outer ring (21) is assembled on the large gear bearing inner ring (22) through balls, and the outer ring of the large gear bearing outer ring (21) is connected with the inner ring of the large gear (2) in interference fit.
3. The complex multi-working-condition self-adaptive dust removing device for dry cutting of composite materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the main shaft external connection support (16) and the pinion fixing support (14) are connected to the machine tool main shaft shell (1) through screws.
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