CN114190209A - Greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on pulse combustion technology - Google Patents
Greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on pulse combustion technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114190209A CN114190209A CN202111667412.7A CN202111667412A CN114190209A CN 114190209 A CN114190209 A CN 114190209A CN 202111667412 A CN202111667412 A CN 202111667412A CN 114190209 A CN114190209 A CN 114190209A
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- steam
- steam release
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- soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G11/00—Sterilising soil by steam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film covering integrated machine based on a pulse combustion technology, which comprises a crawler walking chassis, a steam release device, a steam generation device and a film covering mechanism, wherein the steam release device, the steam generation device and the film covering mechanism are all connected with a chassis frame; the steam release device comprises a transmission gear box, a first steam release mechanism and a second steam release mechanism, wherein the transmission gear box is used for driving the first steam release mechanism and the second steam release mechanism to alternately reciprocate; the steam generating device is respectively connected with the first steam releasing mechanism and the second steam releasing mechanism through pipelines; the film covering mechanism is closely followed by the steam release device, so that the instant film covering and heat preservation are realized. The invention has compact structure, convenient walking and simple shed entering; the advancing mode of the steam releasing device is infinite continuous reciprocating alternate advancing, and the operation efficiency is high; according to the soil steam disinfection principle, the soil is disinfected through high-temperature steam, the environment is protected, soil disinfection and film covering are carried out synchronously, and the disinfection effect is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on a pulse combustion technology.
Background
At present, continuous cropping still is common in the process of facility gardening operation in China. After continuous cropping obstacles occur, most of soil disinfection measures are chemical disinfection modes mainly based on methyl bromide, the environmental pollution is serious, and the food safety is difficult to guarantee. The existing soil disinfection equipment has the problems of large volume, difficult shed entering, low operation efficiency, high pollutant emission and the like, and can not meet the operation requirement of disinfecting the facility horticulture soil in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film covering all-in-one machine based on the pulse combustion technology aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film covering all-in-one machine based on the pulse combustion technology has the advantages of compact structure, convenience in walking and simplicity in shed entering; the steam release device advances in an infinite continuous reciprocating alternating mode, can continuously and uninterruptedly perform soil disinfection operation, and has high operation efficiency; according to the soil steam disinfection principle, the soil is disinfected through high-temperature steam, the environment is protected, soil disinfection and film covering are carried out synchronously, and the disinfection effect is obvious.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film covering integrated machine based on a pulse combustion technology comprises a crawler walking chassis, a steam release device, a steam generation device and a film covering mechanism, wherein a chassis frame is fixedly connected to the crawler walking chassis, the steam release device, the steam generation device and the film covering mechanism are all connected with the chassis frame, and the film covering mechanism is located behind the steam release device;
the steam release device comprises a transmission gear box, a first steam release mechanism, a second steam release mechanism, a first swing rod mechanism and a second swing rod mechanism, one end of a transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box is connected with the first steam release mechanism through the first swing rod mechanism, the other end of the transmission rotating shaft is connected with the second steam release mechanism through the second swing rod mechanism, and the transmission gear box is used for driving the first steam release mechanism and the second steam release mechanism to alternately reciprocate;
and a steam outlet of the steam generating device is respectively connected with the first steam releasing mechanism and the second steam releasing mechanism through pipelines.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the transmission gear box is fixedly connected with a chassis frame on the crawler traveling chassis through a square support frame, the support frame is also connected with a U-shaped vertical frame, one end of a transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box penetrates through a reserved through hole of a support on one side of the vertical frame, one end of the transmission rotating shaft can freely rotate in the reserved through hole, the other end of the transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box penetrates through a reserved through hole of a support on the other side of the vertical frame, and the other end of the transmission rotating shaft can freely rotate in the reserved through hole;
the swing rod mechanism I comprises a crank I, a connecting rod I, a rocker I, an upper rotating slide block I and a lower slide block I, one end of a transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box is connected with one end of the crank I, the other end of the crank I is hinged with one end of the connecting rod I, the other end of the connecting rod I is hinged with one end of a vertical rod I in the rocker I, the rocker I comprises the vertical rod I and an L-shaped rod, the middle of the vertical rod I is fixedly connected with one end of the L-shaped rod, the other end of the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected with a steam releasing mechanism, the upper rotating slide block I is rotatably connected with a support on one side of a vertical frame, the connecting rod I is slidably connected with the upper rotating slide block I, the lower slide block I is horizontally slidably connected with a support on one side of a support frame, and the vertical rod I is slidably connected with the lower slide block I.
The swing rod mechanism II comprises a crank II, a connecting rod II, a rocker II, an upper rotating slide block II and a lower slide block II, the other end of a transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box is connected with one end of the crank II, the other end of the crank II is hinged with one end of the connecting rod II, the other end of the connecting rod II is hinged with one end of the vertical rod II in the rocker II, the rocker II comprises the vertical rod II and a connecting rod, the bottom of the vertical rod II is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a steam releasing mechanism II, the upper rotating slide block II is rotatably connected with the other side support of the vertical frame, the connecting rod II is slidably connected with the upper rotating slide block II, the lower slide block II is horizontally slidably connected with the other side support of the support frame, and the vertical rod II is slidably connected with the lower slide block II;
the included angle between the first crank and the second crank is 180 degrees.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the first steam release mechanism and the second steam release mechanism have the same structure and both comprise a steam release disc and a disinfection needle head, the steam release disc is internally of a hollow structure, the bottom of the steam release disc is communicated with a plurality of disinfection needle heads, a plurality of steam release holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the head of each disinfection needle head, and the steam release disc is U-shaped.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the steam release disc is in threaded connection with the disinfection needle head; hollow structures are arranged inside the rocker I and the rocker II and are steam circulation channels; a steam outlet of the steam generating device is communicated with a steam circulation channel inside the rocker I through a first pipeline, and the steam circulation channel inside the rocker I is communicated with a steam release disc of the steam release mechanism I; and a steam outlet of the steam generating device is communicated with a steam circulation channel inside the second rocker through a second pipeline, and the steam circulation channel inside the second rocker is communicated with a steam release disc of the second steam release mechanism.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, a pressure detection device is arranged on the steam release disc, the pressure detection device comprises a signal emitter, a pressure sensing contact piece, a spring and a pressure sensor trigger rod, one side of the steam release disc is fixedly connected with a support plate, the pressure sensing contact piece and the signal emitter, the pressure sensor trigger rod penetrates through a reserved through hole in the support plate, the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected with the upper end of the pressure sensor trigger rod, the lower end of the spring is fixedly connected with the support plate, the pressure sensing contact piece is positioned above the upper end of the pressure sensor trigger rod, and the pressure sensing contact piece is electrically connected with the signal emitter;
the first pipeline and the second pipeline are both provided with steam electromagnetic valves, each steam electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with a signal receiver, the signal receiver electrically connected with the steam electromagnetic valve on the first pipeline is wirelessly connected with a signal transmitter on a steam release disc of the first steam release mechanism, and the signal receiver electrically connected with the steam electromagnetic valve on the second pipeline is wirelessly connected with the signal transmitter on the steam release disc of the second steam release mechanism;
the signal receiver is used for receiving the signal transmitted by the signal transmitter and controlling the opening and closing of the steam solenoid valve.
According to the technical scheme, the film covering mechanism comprises a film covering support, a film cylinder, a compaction wheel and a soil drive plate, the film covering support is connected to a chassis frame through bolts and located right behind a steam release device, the film cylinder support, the compaction wheel support and the soil drive plate support are connected to the film covering support through bolts, the film cylinder is connected to the film cylinder support in a rotating mode, the compaction wheel is connected to the compaction wheel support in a rotating mode, the bottom end of the soil drive plate support is connected with the soil drive plate, and the film cylinder, the compaction wheel and the soil drive plate are sequentially arranged from front to back.
As a further improved technical scheme, the soil driving plate support comprises a connecting cylinder and a vertical support, the connecting cylinder comprises a square cylinder and a cylinder, the square cylinder and the cylinder are fixedly connected into an integral structure, the square cylinder is sleeved on the film covering support and is connected with the film covering support through a bolt, the vertical support penetrates through the cylinder and can rotate in the cylinder, the vertical support is connected with the cylinder through a locking screw, and the bottom end of the vertical support is fixedly connected with the soil driving plate.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the steam generating device adopts a pulse combustion steam generating device.
As a further improved technical scheme, the chassis frame is further provided with a generator set and a control box, the generator set is respectively and electrically connected with the transmission gear box, the control box, the steam generating device, the signal receiver, the steam electromagnetic valve, the signal transmitter and the pressure sensing contact piece, the control box is simultaneously and electrically connected with the transmission gear box and the steam generating device, and the control box is also used for controlling the start, stop and turning of the crawler walking chassis.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the machine has compact structure, convenient walking and simple shed entering, and is suitable for the soil disinfection and film covering work in the shed; the pulsating combustion steam generating device is utilized to enable high-temperature steam to be increased sharply in a short time, and the operation period is greatly shortened; the steam release device advances in an infinite continuous reciprocating alternating mode, and can continuously and uninterruptedly perform soil disinfection operation; according to the soil steam disinfection principle, after high-temperature steam is introduced into soil, the temperature of the soil rises to reach a certain temperature and is kept for a certain time, so that the task of killing various pathogenic bacteria (insects) of soil-borne diseases and insect pests is completed, and no pollutant is discharged in the disinfection process. Therefore, the automatic film covering mechanism is arranged at the tail of the machine, the process of immediately preserving heat after high-temperature disinfection is effectively realized, the rapid loss of steam heat in soil is avoided, and the soil disinfection effect is more remarkable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the film coating mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the mounted film covering mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the steam release device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure detecting device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a film covering mechanism according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further description of embodiments of the invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in figures 1 and 2, the greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film covering integrated machine based on the pulse combustion technology comprises a crawler walking chassis 8, a steam release device, a steam generation device 2 and a film covering mechanism 3, wherein a chassis frame is fixedly connected to the crawler walking chassis 8, the steam release device and the steam generation device 2 are arranged on the chassis frame, the film covering mechanism 3 is connected with the rear side of the chassis frame, the film covering mechanism 3 is close to the steam release device, and instant film covering and heat preservation after disinfection are achieved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the steam release device includes a transmission gear box 9 (including a motor and a gear box), a first steam release mechanism 5, a second steam release mechanism 4, a first swing link mechanism 6, and a second swing link mechanism 7, one end of a transmission rotating shaft 901 of the transmission gear box 9 is connected with the first steam release mechanism 5 through the first swing link mechanism 6, the other end of the transmission rotating shaft 901 is connected with the second steam release mechanism 4 through the second swing link mechanism 7, and the transmission gear box 9 is used for driving the first steam release mechanism 5 and the second steam release mechanism 4 to alternately reciprocate.
And a steam outlet of the steam generating device 2 is respectively connected with a first steam releasing mechanism 5 and a second steam releasing mechanism 4 through pipelines.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the transmission gear box 9 is fixedly connected to the chassis frame on the crawler chassis 8 through a square support frame 11, the support frame 11 is further connected to a U-shaped vertical frame 12, one end of a transmission shaft 901 of the transmission gear box 9 penetrates through a reserved through hole of one side support of the vertical frame 12, one end of the transmission shaft 901 can freely rotate in the reserved through hole, the other end of the transmission shaft 901 of the transmission gear box 9 penetrates through a reserved through hole of the other side support of the vertical frame 12, and the other end of the transmission shaft 901 can freely rotate in the reserved through hole.
As shown in fig. 3, the swing link mechanism one 6 comprises a crank one 601, a connecting rod one 602, a rocker one 604, an upper rotating slide one 603 and a lower slide one 605, one end of a transmission rotating shaft 901 of the transmission gear box 9 is connected with one end of a first crank 601, the other end of the first crank 601 is hinged with one end of a first connecting rod 602, the other end of the first connecting rod 602 is hinged with one end of a first vertical rod in a first rocker 604, the rocker 604 comprises a vertical rod I and an L-shaped rod, the middle part of the vertical rod I is fixedly connected with one end of the L-shaped rod, the other end of the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected with the steam release mechanism I5 in a welding mode, the first upper rotating slide block 603 is rotatably connected with a bracket at one side of the vertical frame 12, the first connecting rod 602 is slidably connected with the first upper rotating slide block 603, the first lower sliding block 605 is horizontally connected with a bracket at one side of the support frame 11 in a sliding manner, and the first vertical rod is connected with the first lower sliding block 605 in a sliding manner.
As shown in fig. 3, the second swing link mechanism 7 includes a second crank 701, a second connecting rod 702, a second rocker 704, a second upper rotating slider 703 and a second lower slider 705, the other end of the transmission rotating shaft 901 of the transmission gear box 9 is connected with one end of a second crank 701, the other end of the second crank 701 is hinged with one end of a second connecting rod 702, the other end of the second connecting rod 702 is hinged with one end of a second vertical rod in a second rocker 704, the second rocker 704 comprises a second vertical rod and a connecting rod, the bottom of the second vertical rod is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a second steam release mechanism 4, the second upper rotating slide block 703 is rotatably connected with a bracket on the other side of the vertical frame 12, the second connecting rod 702 is connected with the second upper rotating slide block 703 in a sliding manner, the second lower slide block 705 is connected with the other side bracket of the support frame 11 in a horizontal sliding manner, and the second vertical rod is connected with the second lower slide block 705 in a sliding manner.
The included angle between the first crank 601 and the second crank 701 is 180 degrees.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first steam release mechanism 5 and the second steam release mechanism 4 have the same structure, and both include a steam release tray 501 and a disinfection needle 502, the inside of the steam release tray 501 is a hollow structure, the bottom of the steam release tray 501 is communicated with a plurality of disinfection needles 502, a plurality of steam release holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the head of the disinfection needle 502, and the steam release tray 501 is U-shaped.
In this embodiment, the steam release plate 501 is threadedly connected to the sterilizing needle 502. Hollow structures are arranged inside the rocker I604 and the rocker II 704, and the hollow structures are steam circulation channels; the steam outlet of the steam generating device 2 is communicated with a steam circulation channel inside a first rocker 604 through a first pipeline 202, and the steam circulation channel inside the first rocker 604 is communicated with the steam release disc 501 of the steam release mechanism one 5. The steam outlet of the steam generating device 2 is communicated with a steam circulation channel inside the second rocker 704 through a second pipeline 203, and the steam circulation channel inside the second rocker 704 is communicated with the steam release disc 501 of the second steam release mechanism 4.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, a pressure detection device 503 is disposed on the steam release tray 501, the pressure detection device 503 includes a signal emitter 5031, a pressure sensing contact piece 5032, a spring 5033 and a pressure sensor trigger rod 5035, a support plate 5034, a pressure sensing contact piece 5032 and the signal emitter 5031 are fixedly connected to one side of the steam release tray 501, the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035 penetrates through a reserved through hole on the support plate 5034, the upper end of the spring 5033 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035, the lower end of the spring 5033 is fixedly connected to the support plate 5034, the pressure sensing contact piece 5032 is located above the upper end of the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035, and the pressure sensing contact piece 5032 is electrically connected to the signal emitter 5031.
The first pipeline 202 and the second pipeline 203 are respectively provided with a steam solenoid valve 201 (as shown in fig. 2), each steam solenoid valve 201 is electrically connected with a signal receiver (the signal receiver comprises a wireless signal receiving circuit and a control circuit and has functions of receiving a wireless signal and controlling the opening and closing of the steam solenoid valve 201), the signal receiver electrically connected with the steam solenoid valve 201 on the first pipeline 202 is wirelessly connected with a signal emitter 5031 on the steam release disc 501 of the first steam release mechanism 5, and the signal receiver electrically connected with the steam solenoid valve 201 on the second pipeline 203 is wirelessly connected with the signal emitter 5031 on the steam release disc 501 of the second steam release mechanism 4. The signal receiver is used for receiving the signal transmitted by the signal transmitter 5031 and controlling the opening and closing of the steam solenoid valve 201.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the film covering mechanism 3 includes a film covering bracket 301, a film barrel 303, a compacting wheel 305, and a soil dial plate 306, the film covering bracket 301 is connected to the chassis frame of the crawler chassis 8 through bolts, the film covering mechanism 3 is located right behind the steam release device, the film barrel bracket 302, the compacting wheel bracket 304, and the soil dial plate bracket are all connected to the film covering bracket 301 through bolts, the film barrel bracket 302 is connected to the film barrel 303 in a rotating manner, the compacting wheel bracket 304 is connected to the compacting wheel 305 in a rotating manner, the bottom end of the soil dial plate bracket is connected to the soil dial plate 306, and the film barrel 303, the compacting wheel 305, and the soil dial plate 306 are sequentially arranged from front to back. To better reduce soil heat loss, membrane cartridge 303 of FIG. 5 may also be advanced such that membrane cartridge 303 immediately follows steam release mechanism one 5 and steam release mechanism two 4.
In this embodiment, the soil dial plate support comprises a connecting cylinder and a vertical support 307, the connecting cylinder comprises a square cylinder 309 and a vertical cylinder 308, the square cylinder 309 and the cylinder 308 are fixedly connected into an integral structure, the square cylinder 309 is sleeved on the film covering support 301 and is connected with the film covering support 301 through a bolt, the vertical support 307 penetrates through the cylinder 308 and can rotate in the cylinder 308, the vertical support 307 is connected with the cylinder 308 through a locking screw, and the bottom end of the vertical support 307 is fixedly connected with the soil dial plate 306. The angle of the soil drive plate 507 can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the adjustment mode is as follows: the locking screw is loosened to adjust the rotation angle of the vertical support 506 and the cylinder 509, and then the angle of the soil dial 507.
In this embodiment, the steam generator 2 may be a conventional pulsating combustion steam generator, that is, a CN201720261064.6 pulsating combustion steam generator, and specifically includes a cylinder having water therein and a pulsating burner for heating water to generate steam, where the pulsating burner includes a combustion chamber, a spark plug, a gasoline tank, a carburetor, a threaded pipe, a decoupling chamber, and the like. However, the air pump used in the pulse combustion steam generating device of the embodiment replaces an air pump in 201720261064.6 pulse combustion steam generating device, when the air pump works, generated air flows into an air inlet of a carburetor and a pressurizing hole of a gasoline tank, gasoline is pressed out from an oil outlet of the gasoline tank through the internal and external pressure difference of the gasoline tank and flows into an oil inlet of the carburetor through an electromagnetic valve connected with a power supply, the mixed gas of the gasoline and the air in the carburetor flows into a combustion chamber, after being ignited by a spark plug, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas passes through a threaded pipe and a decoupling chamber and is discharged through a corrugated pipe, heat is transferred to water in a cylinder body, the water is heated to be sealed, steam is generated, and the steam is sent out through a steam outlet.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a generator set 1 and a control box 10 are further disposed on the chassis frame, the generator set 1 is electrically connected to the transmission gear box 9, the control box 10, the steam generating device 2, the signal receiver, the steam electromagnetic valve 201, the signal transmitter 5031, and the pressure sensing contact sheet 5032 respectively to provide electric energy for each component, the control box 10 is electrically connected to the transmission gear box 9 and the steam generating device 2 at the same time, the control box 10 is used to control the start/stop and the transmission speed of the transmission gear box 9, the control box 10 is used to control the on/off of an air pump, an electromagnetic valve, and a spark plug in the steam generating device 2 to further control the start/stop of the steam generating device 4, and the control box 10 is further used to control the start/stop turn of the crawler chassis 8. The control box 8 of this embodiment is provided with signal receiver in, and this signal receiver remote connection has remote control unit, and remote control unit long-range transmission signal to signal receiver, control box 8 and then control transmission gear box respectively according to the signal that signal receiver received open and stop with transmission speed, steam generation device 2 open and stop and the opening of crawler belt walking chassis 8 with turn round etc..
The power provided by the engine of the crawler belt walking chassis 8 is the source of the whole machine walking power and traction power. The crawler traveling chassis can adopt a diesel engine, and the crawler traveling chassis is driven to travel by the diesel engine. The generator set 1 of this embodiment can also realize the electricity generation through diesel engine.
The steam generating device 2 of the embodiment adopts a pulse combustion technology, specifically, a spark plug is used for weak current ignition, and under the action of a carburetor, the inlet oil in a combustion chamber is subjected to pulse combustion, so that high temperature is instantaneously generated, water liquid in a cylinder body reaches a boiling point in a very short time, and internal high-temperature steam passes through a steam outlet and is conveyed to a steam releasing mechanism I5 through a steam electromagnetic valve 201 and a flexible pipeline I202, and is conveyed to a steam releasing mechanism II 4 through another steam electromagnetic valve 201 and a flexible pipeline II 203. The pulse combustion steam generating device 2 is connected with a first pipeline 202 and a second pipeline 203 respectively by adopting two high-temperature-resistant steam electromagnetic valves 201 with signal receivers; the motion form of the first steam release mechanism 5 and the second steam release mechanism 4 during the sterilization operation is a reciprocal forward type, when the sterilization needle 502 of the first steam release mechanism 5 is inserted into the soil, the upper end of the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035 contacts the pressure sensing contact sheet 5032 under the jacking force of the soil, the pressure sensing contact sheet 5032 (using a pressure sensor) with the signal transmitter 5031 is triggered, the signal transmitter 5031 sends a valve opening command to the steam electromagnetic valve 201 arranged on the first pipeline 202 through the signal receiver, then the first pipeline 202 sends steam to the first steam release mechanism 5, the crawler chassis 8 moves forward, under the action of the transmission gear box 9, the first steam release mechanism 5 rises from the soil, the pressure sensing contact sheet 5032 on the first steam release mechanism 5 is disconnected, the signal transmitter 5031 sends a valve closing command to the steam electromagnetic valve 201 arranged on the first pipeline 202 through the signal receiver, the first pipe 202 connected with the first steam release mechanism 5 stops delivering the steam, and then the first steam release mechanism 5 passes over the second steam release mechanism 4 (when the first steam release mechanism 5 is positioned at the topmost part, the second steam release mechanism 4 is positioned at the bottommost part), namely, the first steam release mechanism and the second steam release mechanism 4 do reciprocating alternate motion; in the process of advancing, the crawler belt walking chassis 8 drives the film covering mechanism 3 to cover the soil which is just subjected to steam high-temperature sterilization, so that the integrated operation of soil sterilization and film covering is realized quickly and efficiently; the generator set 1 provides power for parts such as the control box 10, the crawler chassis 8, the pulse combustion steam generating device 2, the transmission gear box 9, the pressure sensing contact sheet 5032, the signal transmitter 5031, the signal receiver, the steam electromagnetic valve 201 and the like, and the control box 10 can receive a remote control signal of a remote control device to respectively control the crawler chassis 8 to advance and retreat to turn, control the power on and off of the steam generating device 2 and control the start, stop and transmission speed of the transmission gear box 9; the crawler belt walking chassis 8 can also be a high ground clearance walking chassis mechanism, and can be selected according to the terrain and the soil texture; the connection form of the automatic film covering mechanism 3 and the crawler belt walking chassis 8 can be a hinged type, and the turning radius can be reduced. In the steam generating device 2 of the embodiment, the crawler traveling chassis 8 can keep going forward at a constant speed during the disinfection operation, and the traveling speed of the crawler traveling chassis 8 is adjusted in real time according to the transmission speed of the transmission gear box 9, so that the continuous and uninterrupted soil disinfection operation is realized.
In the embodiment, the steam release device is arranged on one side of the traveling direction of the crawler traveling chassis 8, and the first steam release mechanism 5 and the second steam release mechanism 4 are driven by the transmission gear box 9 to realize alternate reciprocating motion, as shown in the structural schematic diagram of the steam release device in fig. 1 or fig. 2. More generally, the steam release devices can be symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the machine in the advancing direction, so that the steam release devices on the two sides can alternately reciprocate, and the soil disinfection efficiency is doubled.
As shown in the schematic structural diagram of fig. 3, the transmission gear box 9 is powered by the generator set 1, and is controlled by the control box 10 to operate, and the transmission gear box 9 drives the transmission rotating shaft 901 to rotate. The first crank 601 is axially and circumferentially fixed with one end of the transmission rotating shaft 901, the first connecting rod 602 is hinged with the first crank 601, the first vertical rod of the first rocker 604 is hinged with the first connecting rod 602, the other end of the first rocker 604 is vertically welded with the steam release disc 501 of the first steam release mechanism 5, the first rocker 604 and the steam release disc 501 of the first steam release mechanism 5 are of a hollow structure, the disinfection needle 502 is communicated with the steam release disc 501 in a threaded connection mode, the middle interface of the first rocker 604 is connected with the first pipeline 202, steam can be directly sent to the disinfection needle 502 of the first steam release mechanism 5 through the first pipeline 202, the steam is released from the head of the disinfection needle 502, and in order to avoid motion interference and meet the requirements of disinfection functions of machines, the steam release disc 501 of the first steam release mechanism 5 is designed to be U-shaped. The transmission rotating shaft 901 starts to rotate under the action of the transmission gear box 9, the first crank 601 rotates 360 degrees along with the rotation, one end of the first connecting rod 602 rotates around the transmission rotating shaft 901 and slides in the first upper rotating slide block 603, the other end of the first vertical rod of the first rocker 604 slides in the first lower slide block 605, the first lower slide block 605 horizontally slides on a support on one side of the support frame 11, and then the first rocker 604 is driven to do front-back reciprocating motion of an elliptic track, therefore, the structure is arranged on two sides of the transmission rotating shaft 901, and the steam release mechanism I5 and the steam release mechanism II 4 can do infinite alternate reciprocating motion. Similarly, the second crank 701 is fixed with the other end of the transmission rotating shaft 901 in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, the second connecting rod 702 is hinged with the second crank 701, the second vertical rod 704 of the second rocker 704 is hinged with the second connecting rod 702, the other end of the second rocker 704 is welded with the steam release disc 501 of the second steam release mechanism 4, the second rocker 704 and the steam release disc 501 are of a hollow structure, the disinfection needle 502 is communicated with the steam release disc 501 in a threaded connection mode, the middle interface of the second rocker 704 is connected with the second pipeline 203, steam can be directly sent to the disinfection needle 502 of the second steam release mechanism 4 through the second pipeline 203, the steam is released from the head of the disinfection needle 502, and in order to avoid motion interference and meet the requirements of machine disinfection functions, the steam release disc 501 of the second steam release mechanism 4 is designed to be U-shaped. The transmission rotating shaft 901 starts to rotate under the action of the transmission gear box 9, the second crank 701 rotates 360 degrees, one end of the second connecting rod 702 rotates around the transmission rotating shaft 901 and slides in the second upper rotating sliding block 703, the second vertical rod 704 of the second rocker 704 slides in the second lower sliding block 705, and the second lower sliding block 705 horizontally slides on the other side of the support frame 11, so that the second rocker 704 is driven to do back-and-forth reciprocating motion with an elliptic track.
The disinfection needle 502 is finally vertically inserted into soil along with the descending of the steam release disc 501, when the steam release disc 501 descends for a certain distance, the lower bottom surface of the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035 contacts with the ground surface, at the moment, the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035 is lifted, the upper part of the spring 5033 is fixed with the lower surface of the upper head part of the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035, the lower part of the spring 5033 is fixed with the metal supporting plate 5034, the spring 5033 is stretched in the process that the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035 is lifted until the upper surface of the upper head part of the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035 contacts with the pressure sensing contact piece 5032, after the two contact, the signal emitter 5031 sends a valve opening instruction to the steam electromagnetic valve 201 through a signal receiver in wireless communication with the signal emitter 5031, and then the corresponding steam electromagnetic valve 201 releases steam to perform soil disinfection operation. On the contrary, when the steam releasing plate 501 rises a distance from the ground surface, the upper surface of the head of the pressure sensor trigger rod 5035 is separated from the pressure sensing contact sheet 5032, and at this time, the signal transmitter 5031 transmits a valve closing command to the steam electromagnetic valve 201 through the signal receiver in wireless communication with the signal transmitter, and then the steam releasing will be stopped.
As shown in the structural schematic diagram of the film covering mechanism 3 in FIG. 5, the film covering mechanism 3 is installed right behind the steam release device through bolt connection, in the machine disinfection operation process, the machine travels forwards, the film barrel 303 rolls along with the machine, the film on the film barrel 303 is automatically covered on the upper surface of the soil which is subjected to steam treatment, then the two sides of the film are compacted by the compacting wheel 305, the soil can bulge on one side during soil compaction, the soil dial plate 306 is used for shifting the soil which bulges on the two sides of the disinfection area to the two sides of the film which is compacted by the compacting wheel 305, the timely heat preservation effect is achieved, the instant loss of steam heat can be effectively avoided, and the soil disinfection effect is greatly improved. The detailed structure is shown in fig. 5 as the film coating mechanism 3. More generally, the number of coating mechanisms 3 increases or decreases as the number of steam generators increases or decreases. More generally, when the greenhouse with low soil disinfection requirements is to be disinfected, the film covering mechanism 3 can be detached to disinfect the soil, and the machine tool after the film covering mechanism 3 is detached is as shown in the schematic diagram of a single-steam disinfection machine tool in fig. 1. More generally, the film covering mechanism 3 and the chassis frame can be connected in a hinge traction mode, and the turning radius can be reduced.
During specific work, the crawler belt walking chassis 8, the steam generating device 4 and the transmission gear box 9 can be remotely controlled to work respectively according to actual conditions, and then the steam releasing mechanism I5 and the steam releasing mechanism II 4 are controlled to complete soil disinfection work. Specifically, the crawler walking chassis 8 is remotely controlled to walk to a specific operation place in the greenhouse, the remote control steam generating device 4 and the transmission gear box 9 are electrified to work, the transmission gear box 9 drives the steam releasing mechanism I5 and the steam releasing mechanism II 4 to do reciprocating alternating motion in the process that the crawler walking chassis 8 advances at a constant speed, soil is disinfected, and meanwhile, the film covering mechanism 3 realizes film covering in the process that the crawler walking chassis 8 advances. After the disinfection and film covering work is finished, the crawler walking chassis 8 is remotely controlled to stop walking, the steam generating device 4 is powered off, and the transmission gear box 9 is powered off.
The machine tool has compact structure and convenient and fast walking; the forward movement mode of the steam release device is an infinite reciprocating alternating mode, and the soil disinfection operation can be continuously and uninterruptedly carried out; according to the principle of soil steam disinfection, after high-temperature steam is introduced into soil, the temperature of the soil rises to reach a certain temperature and is kept for a certain time, and then the task of killing various soil-borne disease and insect pests pathogenic bacteria (insects) can be completed. Therefore, the film covering mechanism 3 is installed at the tail of the machine, the process of immediately preserving heat after high-temperature disinfection is effectively realized, the rapid loss of steam heat in soil is avoided, and the soil disinfection effect is more remarkable.
The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any alterations, modifications, and improvements that may occur to those skilled in the art are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on a pulse combustion technology is characterized in that,
the steam generator comprises a crawler walking chassis, a steam release device, a steam generating device and a film covering mechanism, wherein a chassis frame is fixedly connected to the crawler walking chassis, the steam release device, the steam generating device and the film covering mechanism are all connected with the chassis frame, and the film covering mechanism is positioned behind the steam release device;
the steam release device comprises a transmission gear box, a first steam release mechanism, a second steam release mechanism, a first swing rod mechanism and a second swing rod mechanism, one end of a transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box is connected with the first steam release mechanism through the first swing rod mechanism, the other end of the transmission rotating shaft is connected with the second steam release mechanism through the second swing rod mechanism, and the transmission gear box is used for driving the first steam release mechanism and the second steam release mechanism to alternately reciprocate;
and a steam outlet of the steam generating device is respectively connected with the first steam releasing mechanism and the second steam releasing mechanism through pipelines.
2. A greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on the pulsating combustion technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmission gear box is fixedly connected with a chassis frame on the crawler traveling chassis through a square support frame, the support frame is further connected with a U-shaped vertical frame, one end of a transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box penetrates through a reserved through hole of a support on one side of the vertical frame, one end of the transmission rotating shaft can freely rotate in the reserved through hole, the other end of the transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box penetrates through a reserved through hole of a support on the other side of the vertical frame, and the other end of the transmission rotating shaft can freely rotate in the reserved through hole;
the swing rod mechanism I comprises a crank I, a connecting rod I, a rocker I, an upper rotating slide block I and a lower slide block I, one end of a transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box is connected with one end of the crank I, the other end of the crank I is hinged with one end of the connecting rod I, the other end of the connecting rod I is hinged with one end of a vertical rod I in the rocker I, the rocker I comprises a vertical rod I and an L-shaped rod, the middle part of the vertical rod I is fixedly connected with one end of the L-shaped rod, the other end of the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected with a steam releasing mechanism I, the upper rotating slide block I is rotatably connected with a bracket on one side of a vertical frame, the connecting rod I is slidably connected with the upper rotating slide block I, the lower slide block I is horizontally slidably connected with a bracket on one side of a supporting frame, and the vertical rod I is slidably connected with the lower slide block I;
the swing rod mechanism II comprises a crank II, a connecting rod II, a rocker II, an upper rotating slide block II and a lower slide block II, the other end of a transmission rotating shaft of the transmission gear box is connected with one end of the crank II, the other end of the crank II is hinged with one end of the connecting rod II, the other end of the connecting rod II is hinged with one end of the vertical rod II in the rocker II, the rocker II comprises the vertical rod II and a connecting rod, the bottom of the vertical rod II is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a steam releasing mechanism II, the upper rotating slide block II is rotatably connected with the other side support of the vertical frame, the connecting rod II is slidably connected with the upper rotating slide block II, the lower slide block II is horizontally slidably connected with the other side support of the support frame, and the vertical rod II is slidably connected with the lower slide block II;
the included angle between the first crank and the second crank is 180 degrees.
3. The greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on the pulse combustion technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first steam release mechanism and the second steam release mechanism are identical in structure and each comprise a steam release disc and a disinfection needle, the steam release disc is hollow, the bottom of the steam release disc is communicated with a plurality of disinfection needles, a plurality of steam release holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the side face of the head of each disinfection needle, and the steam release discs are U-shaped.
4. The greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on the pulse combustion technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein the steam release disc is in threaded connection with a disinfection needle; hollow structures are arranged inside the rocker I and the rocker II and are steam circulation channels; a steam outlet of the steam generating device is communicated with a steam circulation channel inside the rocker I through a first pipeline, and the steam circulation channel inside the rocker I is communicated with a steam release disc of the steam release mechanism I; and a steam outlet of the steam generating device is communicated with a steam circulation channel inside the second rocker through a second pipeline, and the steam circulation channel inside the second rocker is communicated with a steam release disc of the second steam release mechanism.
5. A greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on the pulse combustion technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein a pressure detection device is arranged on the steam release disc, the pressure detection device comprises a signal emitter, a pressure sensing contact piece, a spring and a pressure sensor trigger rod, a support plate, the pressure sensing contact piece and the signal emitter are fixedly connected to one side of the steam release disc, the pressure sensor trigger rod penetrates through a reserved through hole in the support plate, the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected with the upper end of the pressure sensor trigger rod, the lower end of the spring is fixedly connected with the support plate, the pressure sensing contact piece is located above the upper end of the pressure sensor trigger rod, and the pressure sensing contact piece is electrically connected with the signal emitter;
the first pipeline and the second pipeline are both provided with steam electromagnetic valves, each steam electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with a signal receiver, the signal receiver electrically connected with the steam electromagnetic valve on the first pipeline is wirelessly connected with a signal transmitter on a steam release disc of the first steam release mechanism, and the signal receiver electrically connected with the steam electromagnetic valve on the second pipeline is wirelessly connected with the signal transmitter on the steam release disc of the second steam release mechanism;
the signal receiver is used for receiving the signal transmitted by the signal transmitter and controlling the opening and closing of the steam solenoid valve.
6. The greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and mulching all-in-one machine based on the pulse combustion technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mulching mechanism comprises a mulching film support, a film cylinder, a compaction wheel and a soil drive plate, the mulching film support is connected to the chassis frame through bolts and located right behind the steam release device, the mulching film support is connected with the film cylinder support, the compaction wheel support and the soil drive plate support through bolts, the film cylinder support is connected with the film cylinder in a rotating mode, the compaction wheel support is connected with the compaction wheel in a rotating mode, the bottom end of the soil drive plate support is connected with the soil drive plate, and the film cylinder, the compaction wheel and the soil drive plate are sequentially arranged from front to back.
7. The greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film covering all-in-one machine based on the pulse combustion technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein the soil dial plate support comprises a connecting cylinder and a vertical support, the connecting cylinder comprises a square cylinder and a cylinder, the square cylinder and the cylinder are fixedly connected into an integral structure, the square cylinder is sleeved on the film covering support and is connected with the film covering support through a bolt, the vertical support penetrates through the cylinder and can rotate in the cylinder, the vertical support is connected with the cylinder through a locking screw, and the bottom end of the vertical support is fixedly connected with the soil dial plate.
8. The greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and mulching all-in-one machine based on the pulse combustion technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steam generation device adopts a pulse combustion steam generation device.
9. A greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on a pulse combustion technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein a generator set and a control box are further arranged on the chassis frame, the generator set is respectively and electrically connected with the transmission gear box, the control box, the steam generating device, the signal receiver, the steam electromagnetic valve, the signal transmitter and the pressure sensing contact piece, the control box is simultaneously and electrically connected with the transmission gear box and the steam generating device, and the control box is further used for controlling the start, stop and turning of the crawler walking chassis.
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| CN202111667412.7A CN114190209B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Greenhouse soil continuous disinfection and film mulching all-in-one machine based on pulse combustion technology |
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