CN114171911A - Metamaterial antenna and array applied to millimeter wave communication - Google Patents
Metamaterial antenna and array applied to millimeter wave communication Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/25—Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metamaterial antenna and an array applied to millimeter wave communication, relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and aims to solve the problem that the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication at the present stage cannot be miniaturized, has a low profile and has high bandwidth. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication comprises: the microstrip feeder line is positioned on the lower surface of the first medium layer, the reflecting plate with a through hole is positioned in the first medium layer, and the upper surface of the reflecting plate and the upper surface of the first medium layer are positioned on the same plane; the first annular metamaterial structure is positioned on the second medium layer; the radiation patch comprises a third dielectric layer formed on the second dielectric layer and the first annular metamaterial structure, and a radiation patch and a second annular metamaterial structure which are located on the upper surface of the third dielectric layer, wherein the second annular metamaterial structure is located on the periphery of the radiation patch, and the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure are arranged oppositely.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a metamaterial antenna and an array applied to millimeter wave communication.
Background
With the rapid development of 5G wireless communication technology, the metamaterial antenna with the microstrip applied to millimeter wave communication is widely applied. The metamaterial Antenna with the microstrip applied to millimeter wave communication has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in manufacturing, low cost, low section and the like, and is a good choice for the application of 5G millimeter wave package antennas (Antenna-in-package, AiP).
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the 5G wireless communication system has higher and higher requirements on antenna performance. Compared with the demands for miniaturization and high data rate of 5G millimeter wave wireless communication systems at the present stage, the development of metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication faces many problems which need to be solved urgently. On one hand, the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication in the traditional design has many difficulties in miniaturization, particularly longitudinal miniaturization, and the performance such as bandwidth and the like is reduced along with the reduction of the section of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication; on the other hand, the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication has many difficulties in increasing the bandwidth under the limited profile height.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metamaterial antenna and an array applied to millimeter wave communication, which are used for improving the bandwidth and keeping the characteristics of low profile and miniaturization of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication unchanged.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication, including:
the microstrip feeder is positioned on the lower surface of the first medium layer, and the reflecting plate is positioned in the first medium layer and is provided with a through hole;
the first annular metamaterial structure is positioned on the second medium layer;
the radiation patch comprises a third dielectric layer formed on the second dielectric layer and the first annular metamaterial structure, and a radiation patch and a second annular metamaterial structure which are located on the upper surface of the third dielectric layer, wherein the second annular metamaterial structure is located on the periphery of the radiation patch, and the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure are arranged oppositely.
Under the condition of adopting the technical scheme, the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication utilizes the microstrip feeder line positioned on the lower surface of the first medium layer to perform coupling feed to the radiation patch through the through hole of the reflecting plate, so that the radiation patch excites the second annular metamaterial structure, and the second annular metamaterial structure excites and is oppositely arranged on the first annular metamaterial structure. In addition, the thickness of the metamaterial structure can be ignored relative to the wavelength, so that the metamaterial antenna loaded with the metamaterial structure and applied to millimeter wave communication can realize high bandwidth without increasing additional section height or adopting a complex antenna structure, and the low-section characteristic of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is ensured.
Furthermore, the laminated metamaterial structure formed by the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure is subjected to miniaturization design of the metamaterial structure, the area of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is reduced under the condition that the dielectric material and the thickness are not changed, and then the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is miniaturized.
In one possible implementation, the first annular metamaterial structure includes a first annular unit and a second annular unit, the first annular unit is located at the periphery of the second annular unit, and a gap exists between the first annular unit and the second annular unit;
the second annular metamaterial structure is located above a gap formed by the first annular unit and the second annular unit.
In one possible implementation, the first annular unit includes a plurality of first metamaterial patches, the second annular unit includes a plurality of second metamaterial patches, and the second annular metamaterial structure includes a plurality of third metamaterial patches;
each third metamaterial patch is positioned above a gap formed by two first metamaterial patches and two second metamaterial patches.
In one possible implementation, the plurality of first metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from one another; the plurality of second metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from one another; and the third metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from one another.
In a possible implementation manner, a first gap is formed between every two adjacent first metamaterial patches, a second gap is formed between every two adjacent second metamaterial patches, a third gap is formed between every two adjacent third metamaterial patches, and a fourth gap is formed between every two first metamaterial patches and every two second metamaterial patches;
the first gap, the second gap, the third gap, and the fourth gap are equal.
In one possible implementation, the width of the first metamaterial patch is the same as the width of the second metamaterial patch;
the width of the third metamaterial patch is 2 times of the width of the first metamaterial patch.
In one possible implementation, the center of the second annular metamaterial structure coincides with the center of the radiation patch;
the second annular metamaterial structure is electrically isolated from the radiating patch.
In a possible implementation manner, a rectangular through hole is formed in the center of the reflector plate, the center of the orthographic projection of the radiation patch on the reflector plate coincides with the center of the rectangular through hole, the orthographic projection of the microstrip feeder on the reflector plate is perpendicular to the central axis of the rectangular through hole, and the microstrip feeder is coupled with the radiation patch through the rectangular through hole for feeding;
the radiation patch is used for exciting and feeding the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure.
In one possible implementation manner, the microstrip feed line is an open-ended microstrip feed line; the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication further comprises a feed port located on the lower surface of the first medium layer, and the tail end of the microstrip feed line is connected with the feed port and feeds electricity to the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication;
and/or the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are all high-frequency low-loss dielectric plates.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication. The metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication comprises a plurality of metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication and a feed network layer, wherein the metamaterial antennas are described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect. The feed network layer comprises a plurality of microstrip feed lines, and any two metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication are connected through the microstrip feed lines.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication provided by the invention are the same as those of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and are not described herein again.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a plan structure diagram of a metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of reflection phases of the metamaterial periodic units in the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication according to the embodiment of the present invention and the original metamaterial antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a graph comparing performance of a metamaterial antenna and an original metamaterial antenna in which a metamaterial is applied to millimeter wave communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate clear description of technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are only used for distinguishing different thresholds, and the sequence order of the thresholds is not limited. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "first," "second," etc. do not denote any order or quantity, nor do the terms "first," "second," etc. denote any order or importance.
It is to be understood that the terms "exemplary" or "such as" are used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g.," is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.
In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of the singular or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, a and b combination, a and c combination, b and c combination, or a, b and c combination, wherein a, b and c can be single or multiple.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In recent years, research and application of Electromagnetic wave regulation and control on Electromagnetic super surface (Electromagnetic metrology) have been rapidly developed. The electromagnetic super-surface is a two-dimensional electromagnetic super-material, and periodic or aperiodic arrangement sub-wavelength metal structures are manufactured on an ultrathin dimension to form the electromagnetic super-surface. Compared with a three-dimensional electromagnetic metamaterial, the electromagnetic metamaterial has the advantages that the requirement of a complex manufacturing process is greatly reduced, the electromagnetic metamaterial has the advantages of low loss, light weight, high integration level and the like, can effectively regulate and control the characteristics of phase, amplitude, polarization, radiation and the like of electromagnetic waves, and has great potential in antenna engineering application.
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the 5G wireless communication system has higher and higher requirements on antenna performance. In order to meet the requirements of miniaturization and high data rate of the 5G millimeter wave wireless communication system, a great deal of effort is put into antenna design and research and development by many researchers. However, in the present stage, the development of metamaterial antennas for millimeter wave communication still faces many problems which need to be solved urgently. On one hand, the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication in the traditional design has many difficulties in miniaturization, particularly longitudinal miniaturization, and the performance such as bandwidth and the like is reduced along with the reduction of the section of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication; on the other hand, the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication has many difficulties in increasing the bandwidth under the limited profile height.
At present, technologies for improving the bandwidth of a metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication mainly include antenna technologies such as an air cavity, U-shaped, L-shaped and E-shaped patches, and a patch loaded metamaterial. However, the metamaterial antenna with the air cavity applied to millimeter wave communication has the problems of complex antenna structure, high process difficulty in a millimeter wave high-density integrated system and the like; the wide frequency band is realized by utilizing structures such as an L-type structure, a U-type structure and an E-type structure, but the asymmetrical patch structure causes the problem of high cross polarization.
The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication and loaded with the metamaterial in the modern antenna engineering can also increase the bandwidth to a certain extent, but most of the antenna designs have limited performance improvement and increase the area of an antenna unit, which is not beneficial to the layout design of an antenna array. Meanwhile, most metamaterial antennas have a large-size metamaterial periodic structure at a low section with a wavelength of not more than 0.06, so that the size of the antenna with the wavelength less than half wavelength is difficult to realize under the condition of not changing a dielectric material and the thickness, and the application difficulty of a multi-antenna system is increased.
Based on this, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication, including:
the microstrip antenna comprises a first medium layer 8, a microstrip feeder 5 positioned on the lower surface of the first medium layer 8, and a reflecting plate 3 which is positioned in the first medium layer 8 and is provided with a through hole.
A second dielectric layer 7 formed on the first dielectric layer 8 and the reflector plate 3, and a first annular metamaterial structure 2 located on the second dielectric layer 7.
The radiation patch comprises a third dielectric layer 6 formed on the second dielectric layer 7 and the first annular metamaterial structure 2, a radiation patch 1 positioned on the upper surface of the third dielectric layer 6, and a second annular metamaterial structure 9, wherein the second annular metamaterial structure 9 is positioned on the periphery of the radiation patch 1, and the first annular metamaterial structure 2 and the second annular metamaterial structure 9 are arranged oppositely.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the through hole of the reflective plate 3 may be a rectangular through hole 4, and the rectangular through hole 4 is located at the center of the reflective plate 3. The center of the orthographic projection of the radiation patch 1 on the reflecting plate 3 is coincided with the center of the rectangular through hole 4, the radiation patch 1 is rectangular, and the orthographic projection of the microstrip feeder 5 on the reflecting plate 3 is perpendicular to the central axis of the rectangular through hole 4. Based on the structure, the microstrip feeder 5 feeds power to the radiation patch 1 in a coupling manner through the rectangular through hole 4, and the radiation patch 1 is also rectangular in shape, so that the feed power to the radiation patch 1 through the rectangular through hole 4 can be improved, and the uniformity of the feed power to the radiation patch 1 in a coupling manner through the rectangular through hole 4 can be improved. Further, the rectangular groove is located at the center of the antenna.
Then, the radiation patch 1 excites and feeds the second annular metamaterial structure 9, and the second annular metamaterial structure 9 excites and feeds the first annular metamaterial structure 2 on the lower layer. In addition, the thickness of the metamaterial structure can be ignored relative to the wavelength, so that the metamaterial antenna loaded with the metamaterial structure and applied to millimeter wave communication can realize high bandwidth without increasing extra section height or adopting a complex antenna structure, and the low section characteristic of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is ensured.
Furthermore, the laminated metamaterial structure formed by the first annular metamaterial structure 2 and the second annular metamaterial structure 9 is subjected to miniaturization design of the metamaterial structure, the area of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is reduced under the condition that the dielectric material and the thickness are not changed, and then the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is miniaturized.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the rectangular radiation patch 1 and the laminated metamaterial structure are both disposed as radiators on the first dielectric board and the second dielectric board, respectively. And the rectangular radiation patch 1 is arranged at the center of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication. The laminated metamaterial structure has no overlap with the radiating patch 1 in the vertical direction of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication.
Further, the first annular metamaterial structure 2 includes a first annular unit and a second annular unit, the first annular unit is located at the periphery of the second annular unit, and a gap exists between the first annular unit and the second annular unit. The second ring-shaped metamaterial structure 9 is positioned above a gap formed by the first ring-shaped unit and the second ring-shaped unit. It should be understood that, in the metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication provided in the embodiments of the present invention, there is a gap between the second ring-shaped metamaterial structure 9 and the first ring-shaped unit and the second ring-shaped unit, so that the embodiments of the present invention add an interlayer capacitance between the second ring-shaped metamaterial structure 9 and the first ring-shaped unit and the second ring-shaped unit, and since there is a gap between the first ring-shaped unit and the second ring-shaped unit, the embodiments of the present invention add a gap capacitance between the first ring-shaped unit and the second ring-shaped unit, and both the added interlayer capacitance and the gap capacitance are inversely proportional to the resonant frequency, so that the resonant frequency of the ring-shaped stacked metamaterial structure formed by the first ring-shaped metamaterial structure 2 and the second ring-shaped metamaterial structure 9 is lower than the resonant frequency of the ring-shaped stacked metamaterial structure including only one layer, and therefore, the present invention can realize miniaturization of the ring-shaped stacked metamaterial structure, further, miniaturization of a metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication can be achieved.
Furthermore, the first annular unit comprises a plurality of first metamaterial patches, the second annular unit comprises a plurality of second metamaterial patches, and the second annular metamaterial structure 9 comprises a plurality of third metamaterial patches;
each third metamaterial patch is positioned above a gap formed by the two first metamaterial patches and the two second metamaterial patches.
In practice, each third metamaterial patch and the two first metamaterial patches and the two second metamaterial patches arranged corresponding to the third metamaterial patch form one metamaterial periodic unit. Based on with above-mentioned principle, every third metamaterial paster all has interlayer capacitance with two first metamaterial pasters and two second metamaterial pasters that correspond the setting, has clearance electric capacity between first metamaterial paster and the second metamaterial paster, so this metamaterial cycle unit's resonant frequency is lower, consequently, every metamaterial cycle unit can both miniaturize, and then, makes the miniaturization that realizes whole loop type stromatolite metamaterial structure.
In a specific embodiment, the second annular metamaterial structure 9 includes 4 by 4 third metamaterial patches, and two first metamaterial patches are correspondingly disposed below each third metamaterial patch.
In one possible implementation, the plurality of first metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from one another; the plurality of second metamaterial patches are electrically isolated; and the third metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from one another.
Further, in order to enable the radiation patch 1 to uniformly generate excitation on each metamaterial periodic unit, a first gap is formed between every two adjacent first metamaterial patches, a second gap is formed between every two adjacent second metamaterial patches, a third gap is formed between every two adjacent third metamaterial patches, and a fourth gap is formed between each first metamaterial patch and each second metamaterial patch; the first gap, the second gap, the third gap, and the fourth gap are equal.
In one possible implementation, the width of the first metamaterial patch is the same as the width of the second metamaterial patch; the width of the third metamaterial patch is 2 times of the width of the first metamaterial patch. Based on this, each third metamaterial patch may be positioned on the corresponding two first metamaterial patches and two second metamaterial patches in a projection of the first annular metamaterial structure 2, so that the third metamaterial patch may generate excitation to the corresponding two first metamaterial patches and two second metamaterial patches to obtain additional resonance.
As a specific embodiment, the center of the second annular metamaterial structure 9 coincides with the center of the radiation patch 1, and based on this, the radiation patch 1 can be excited uniformly to each part of the second annular metamaterial structure 9; the second annular metamaterial structure 9 is electrically isolated from the radiating patch 1.
Specifically, a rectangular through hole 4 is formed in the center of the reflector plate 3, the center of the orthographic projection of the radiation patch 1 on the reflector plate 3 coincides with the center of the rectangular through hole 4, the orthographic projection of the microstrip feed line 5 on the reflector plate 3 is perpendicular to the central axis of the rectangular through hole 4, and the microstrip feed line 5 is coupled with the radiation patch 1 through the rectangular through hole 4 for feeding; the radiating patch 1 excites and feeds the first annular metamaterial structure 2 and the second annular metamaterial structure 9.
Based on the structure, the feeding end of the microstrip feeding line 5 is arranged opposite to the rectangular through hole 4 and the radiation patch 1, so that the microstrip feeding line 5 can be coupled with the radiation patch 1 for feeding through the rectangular through hole 4; the radiating patch 1 excites and feeds the first annular metamaterial structure 2 and the second annular metamaterial structure 9.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the microstrip feed line 5 is an open-ended microstrip feed line 5; further, the microstrip feed line 5 may be an open-ended 50 Ω transmission line. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication further comprises a feed port located on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer 8, and the tail end of the microstrip feed line 5 is connected with the feed port and feeds electricity to the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication; in practice, the feeding port is disposed opposite to the rectangular through hole 4 opened at the center of the reflection plate 3 to feed power to the radiation patch 1 through the rectangular through hole 4.
It should be understood that, in order to ensure the high-frequency performance of the antenna and reduce the loss, the first dielectric layer 8, the second dielectric layer 7 and the third dielectric layer 6 are all high-frequency low-loss dielectric plates.
Fig. 3 is a reflection phase comparison diagram of the original metamaterial antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention and the stacked metamaterial structure in the metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication according to the embodiment of the present invention in the same period. When the widths and the intervals of the upper layer periodic patches are the same and the period length is 1.7mm, compared with a metamaterial periodic unit in the original metamaterial antenna, the change curve of the reflection phase of the laminated metamaterial structure applied to the metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication along with the frequency provided by the embodiment of the invention is obviously shifted to a lower frequency, so that the resonance frequency of the laminated metamaterial structure is lower than that of the original metamaterial structure in the actual annular metamaterial structure with the same periodic unit arrangement, and the miniaturization of the metamaterial structure can be realized.
Furthermore, the side length of the central rectangular radiation patch 1 of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is 1.5mm × 1.2mm, the total side length of the laminated metamaterial structure is 4mm × 4mm, and the distance between two adjacent square patch units is 0.1 mm. Compared with the conventional metamaterial antenna in which the total side length of the annular metamaterial structure is 5.6mm multiplied by 5.6mm, the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication provided by the embodiment of the invention has the size reduction of 49%.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating performance results of a metamaterial antenna and an original metamaterial antenna in which a metamaterial is applied to millimeter wave communication according to an embodiment of the present invention. The original metamaterial antenna and the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication provided by the embodiment of the invention realize wide impedance bandwidth from 30GHz to 38GHz and relative bandwidth larger than 20% under the condition of the same dielectric material and thickness.
The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the embodiment of the invention realizes the low profile of a broadband antenna by utilizing the metamaterial antenna load ring-shaped metamaterial structure applied to millimeter wave communication, and the sizes of the metal ground planes of the original metamaterial antenna and the miniaturized metamaterial antenna are 9mm multiplied by 0.5mm and about 1 lambda34GHz×1λ34GHz×0.06λ34GHz(λ34GHzA wavelength of 34GHz in free space).
2. The embodiment of the invention excites the annular metamaterial structure by using the central rectangular radiation patch and generates extra resonance to increase the bandwidth, thereby being beneficial to realizing the broadband characteristic of the antenna, the working bandwidth of the miniaturized metamaterial antenna based on the characteristic can cover 30-38 GHz (more than 20%), covers the 5G frequency band of 34GHz, and can be applied to 5G millimeter wave communication.
3. According to the embodiment of the invention, the metamaterial unit miniaturization design is carried out by adopting the laminated metamaterial structure on the basis of the original metamaterial antenna, so that the miniaturization of the original metamaterial antenna is realized, and the 49% area reduction of the antenna is realized under the condition of not changing the dielectric material and the thickness.
4. The embodiment of the invention uses a symmetrical antenna structure and a coupling feed technology to realize the low cross polarization of the antenna, and simultaneously has no through hole design, thereby simplifying the structure of the antenna and realizing the low cross polarization performance of the antenna.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication, where the metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication includes a plurality of metamaterial antennas 1 applied to millimeter wave communication and described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and a feed network layer. The feed network layer comprises a plurality of microstrip feed lines, and any two metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication are connected through the microstrip feed lines. In the metamaterial antenna 1 array applied to millimeter wave communication, the super-surface structures are periodically arranged along the extension direction of the microstrip feeder line.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication provided by the invention are the same as those of the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and are not described herein again.
In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication is characterized by comprising:
the microstrip feeder is positioned on the lower surface of the first medium layer, and the reflecting plate is positioned in the first medium layer and provided with a through hole;
the first annular metamaterial structure is positioned on the second dielectric layer;
the antenna comprises a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a radiation patch and a second annular metamaterial structure, wherein the first dielectric layer is formed on the first annular metamaterial structure, the radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer, the second annular metamaterial structure is arranged on the periphery of the radiation patch, and the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure are arranged oppositely.
2. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication according to claim 1, wherein the first annular metamaterial structure comprises a first annular unit and a second annular unit, the first annular unit is located on the periphery of the second annular unit, and a gap exists between the first annular unit and the second annular unit;
the second annular metamaterial structure is located above a gap between the first annular unit and the second annular unit.
3. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication according to claim 2, wherein the first annular unit comprises a plurality of first metamaterial patches, the second annular unit comprises a plurality of second metamaterial patches, and the second annular metamaterial structure comprises a plurality of third metamaterial patches;
each third metamaterial patch is positioned above a gap formed by two first metamaterial patches and two second metamaterial patches.
4. The metamaterial antenna for millimeter wave communication application according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of first metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from one another; the plurality of second metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from one another; and the third metamaterial patches are electrically isolated from one another.
5. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication according to claim 3, wherein a first gap is formed between two adjacent first metamaterial patches, a second gap is formed between two adjacent second metamaterial patches, a third gap is formed between two adjacent third metamaterial patches, and a fourth gap is formed between the first metamaterial patch and the adjacent second metamaterial patch;
the first gap, the second gap, the third gap, and the fourth gap are equal.
6. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication as claimed in claim 3, wherein the width of the first metamaterial patch is the same as the width of the second metamaterial patch;
the width of the third metamaterial patch is 2 times of the width of the first metamaterial patch.
7. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the center of the second annular metamaterial structure coincides with the center of the radiating patch;
the second annular metamaterial structure is electrically isolated from the radiating patch.
8. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a rectangular through hole is formed in the center of the reflector plate, the center of the orthographic projection of the radiation patch on the reflector plate coincides with the center of the rectangular through hole, the orthographic projection of the microstrip feed line on the reflector plate is perpendicular to the central axis of the rectangular through hole, and the microstrip feed line is coupled with the radiation patch through the rectangular through hole for feeding;
the radiation patch is used for exciting and feeding the first annular metamaterial structure and the second annular metamaterial structure.
9. The metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the microstrip feed line is an open-ended microstrip feed line; the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication further comprises a feed port located on the lower surface of the first medium layer, and the tail end of the microstrip feed line is connected with the feed port and feeds electricity to the metamaterial antenna applied to millimeter wave communication;
and/or the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are all high-frequency low-loss dielectric plates.
10. A metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication, which is characterized in that the metamaterial antenna array applied to millimeter wave communication comprises a plurality of metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and a feed network layer, wherein the feed network layer comprises a plurality of microstrip feed lines, and any two metamaterial antennas applied to millimeter wave communication are connected through the microstrip feed lines.
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