CN114162509A - 物品处理系统与方法 - Google Patents

物品处理系统与方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114162509A
CN114162509A CN202210046378.XA CN202210046378A CN114162509A CN 114162509 A CN114162509 A CN 114162509A CN 202210046378 A CN202210046378 A CN 202210046378A CN 114162509 A CN114162509 A CN 114162509A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
grid
containers
load handling
vehicle
workspace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210046378.XA
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English (en)
Inventor
拉斯·斯威克·图雷·林德伯
安德鲁·约翰·英格拉姆-泰德
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ocado Innovation Ltd
Original Assignee
Ocado Innovation Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB1506365.4A external-priority patent/GB201506365D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1514428.0A external-priority patent/GB201514428D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1518091.2A external-priority patent/GB201518091D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1602332.7A external-priority patent/GB201602332D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1603328.4A external-priority patent/GB201603328D0/en
Application filed by Ocado Innovation Ltd filed Critical Ocado Innovation Ltd
Publication of CN114162509A publication Critical patent/CN114162509A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种物品处理系统，包括：存储工作空间，包括：第一框架，其包括形成网格的两组大致互相垂直的轨道，支撑所述网格的一系列第一垂直件和排列成堆垛的数个容器，每个堆垛位于所述网格下方；所述系统进一步包括网格延伸，其包括所述两组大致互相垂直的轨道的延续，其中所述网格延伸提供了所述网格延伸下方的区域，并且其中所述数个容器中的一个或多个可通过一个或多个负载处理设备在所述存储工作空间和所述网格延伸下方的所述区域之间移动。

Description

物品处理系统与方法
本申请是申请号为201680021908.8、申请日为2016年04月15日、名称为“物品处理系统与方法”的由同一申请人提交的中国发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种物品处理系统与方法，具体但不仅仅涉及一种在网格结构内使用可堆叠容器的存取系统，在所述系统中，装有物品的容器利用在网格结构顶部上移动的自动处理装置进行运输。并且，本发明涉及所述网格结构的多种变体，其能够使位于不同位置的处理系统之间的容器高效交换。
背景技术
本申请要求以下英国专利申请的优先权：2015年4月15日提交的GB1506365.4，2015年8月13日提交的GB1514428.0，2015年10月13日提交的GB1518089.6，2016年2月9日提交的GB1602332.7，2015年10月13日提交的GB1518091.2，2015年10月13日提交的GB1518094.6，2015年10月13日提交的GB1518111.8，2015年10月13日提交的GB1518115.9，2015年10月13日提交的GB1518117.5，以及2016年2月25日提交的GB1603328.4，上述所有申请的内容通过引用包含在本文中。
部分商业与工业活动需要可存取大量不同产品的系统。已知的一种存取数条产品线上物品的系统涉及将贮藏箱或容器垒叠成堆垛、将堆垛成排安置。贮藏箱或容器从上方存取，各排之间无需通道，既定空间内可存储更多容器。
几十年来，处理堆叠成排的容器的方法已广为人知。在部分此类系统中，例如在Bertel公司的US2701065中所述，具有成排独立式容器堆垛，以减少存储所述容器的存储体积，同时仍可在需要时获取特定容器。相对复杂的起重机构可在堆垛中垒叠、卸下特定容器，从而使特定容器的获取成为可能。但是，在多种情境下此类系统的成本是不切实际的，其商业化主要见于大型航运容器的存储与装卸。
使用独立式容器堆垛与提供存取特定容器的机构的观念得到进一步发展，例如Cimcorp公司的EP0767113B中所述。113专利公开了一种用于卸下多个堆叠的容器的机构，其采用矩形管状的自动负载处理装置，将其下降至容器堆垛周围，其构造允许其抓取所述堆垛内任意高度的容器。通过此种方式，可一次性从堆垛吊起多个容器。所述可移动管可用于将多个容器从一个堆垛顶部移至另一个堆垛顶部，或将多个容器从一个容器堆垛移至外部地点，反之亦然。单个容器堆垛内所有容器装有同样产品时（被称为“单一产品容器堆垛”），此类系统尤其适用。
在113专利所述系统中，所述管必须至少与最大容器堆垛等高，才能在一次操作中取出最高容器堆垛。因此，在仓库等密闭空间中使用时，所述堆垛最大高度受限于适配负载处理设备的管的要求。
EP1037828B1（Autostore公司）内容通过引用包含于此，其描述了一种将容器堆垛设置在框架结构内的系统。此类系统在附图1-4中示出。自动负载处理装置可通过位于所述堆垛最上层表面的轨道系统可控地在所述堆垛周围移动。
挪威专利317366进一步描述了自动负载处理装置的一种形式，其内容通过引用包含于此。图3（a）、3（b）分别为一种负载处理装置后部和前部的透视图，图3（c）为吊起箱的负载处理装置正面透视示意图。
2014年7月24日提交的英国GB1413155.1号专利申请描述了负载处理装置的进一步发展，其内容通过引用包含于此，其中，每个自动负载处理装置仅覆盖一个网格空间，从而提高了负载处理装置的排布密度与给定规模的系统的吞吐量。
随着这些系统，时常出现由一个系统向不同地点的另一系统运输大量存储容器的需要。一个这样的例子为，如英国GB 1419498.9号专利申请所述，假如一家公司运营多个服务不同区域的仓储中心。多变的需求可能意味着部分物品在某处存储用尽，而在别处却有盈余。在一处接收大量某种物品并存入容器，优于将同种物品分成多个小批量存入多处。在这种情况下，需要找到将大量容器从一个存储系统转移至运载工具，然后由该运载工具向另一个存储系统转移容器的有效方法。本发明提供了多个此类有效方法。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种物品处理系统，所述物品处理系统包括在工作空间上方形成网格的两组大致互相垂直的轨道，所述工作空间包括数个堆叠的容器，所述处理系统进一步包括在工作空间上方的网格上运作的数个自动负载处理设备，所述负载处理设备包括安装于轮上的主体，设置为至少接合第一组轨道的两条轨道的第一组轮，设置为至少接合第二组轨道的两条轨道的第二组轮，所述第一组轮相对于所述第二组轮可独立移动与驱动，如此运转过程中任意时刻仅一组轮接合所述网格，从而通过仅驱动与轨道接合的一组轮实现所述负载处理设备沿所述轨道至网格上任意一点的移动，所述负载处理设备进一步包括从堆垛移出或更换容器的装置，其中，在工作空间中，部分容器堆垛可相对于剩余堆垛独立移动。
本发明进一步提供了一种物品处理系统，所述物品处理系统包括在工作空间上方形成网格的两组大致互相垂直的轨道，所述工作空间包括数个堆叠的容器，所述处理系统进一步包括在工作空间上方的网格上运作的数个自动负载处理设备，所述负载处理设备包括安装于轮上的主体，设置为至少接合第一组轨道的两条轨道的第一组轮，设置为至少接合第二组轨道的两条轨道的第二组轮，所述第一组轮相对于所述第二组轮可独立移动与驱动，如此运转过程中任意时刻仅一组轮接合所述网格，从而通过仅驱动接合轨道的一组轮实现负载处理设备沿轨道至网格上任意一点的移动，所述负载处理系统进一步包括从堆垛移出或更换容器的装置，其中，部分网格延伸出工作空间，从而至少一个容器堆垛可位于延伸网格下方，所述系统设有移动负载处理设备至延伸网格的装置，以将特定容器由工作空间移至工作空间外的容器堆垛，或将工作空间外容器堆垛的特定容器换入工作空间。
本发明另一方面提供了与物品处理系统同时使用的一种运载工具，所述物品处理系统包括在工作空间上方形成网格的两组大致互相垂直的轨道，所述工作空间包括数个堆叠的容器，所述处理系统进一步包括在所述工作空间上方的网格上运作的数个自动负载处理设备，所述负载处理设备包括安装于轮上的主体，设置为至少接合第一组轨道的两条轨道的第一组轮，设置为至少接合第二组轨道的两条轨道的第二组轮，第一组轮相对于第二组轮可独立移动与驱动，这样运转过程中任意时刻仅一组轮接合网格，从而通过仅驱动接合轨道的一组轮实现负载处理设备沿轨道至网格上任意一点的移动，所述负载处理设备进一步包括从堆垛移出或更换容器的装置，其中，所述运载工具包括部分网格，网格尺寸与形状设置为与所述物品处理系统的网格相接合。
本发明还提供一种物品处理系统，所述物品处理系统包括在工作空间上方形成网格的两组大致互相垂直的轨道，所述工作空间包括数个堆叠的容器，所述处理系统进一步包括在工作空间上方的网格上运作的数个自动负载处理设备，所述负载处理设备包括安装于轮上的主体，设置为至少接合第一组轨道的两条轨道的第一组轮，设置为至少接合第二组轨道的两条轨道的第二组轮，所述第一组轮相对于所述第二组轮可独立移动与驱动，这样运转过程中任意时刻仅一组轮接合网格，通过仅驱动接合轨道的一组轮实现负载处理设备沿轨道至网格上任意一点的移动，所述负载处理设备进一步包括从堆垛移动或更换容器的装置，所述物品处理系统进一步包括对齐装置，所述对齐装置的位置设置为可准确定位从所述系统内堆垛移出及运输数个容器至其他位置的运载工具，以允许通过负载处理设备将所述容器运输至所述运载工具。
所述物品处理系统进一步包括连接装置，所述连接装置包括部分大致水平的网格结构，从而使所述运载工具和所述系统暂时连接以允许负载处理设备在所述运载工具和所述系统之间移动。
附图说明
本发明现参考下述附图进行说明：
图1为已知存储系统中存放数个箱堆垛的框架结构的透视示意图；
图2为图1所示的部分框架结构的俯视示意图；
图3（a）、3（b）分别为一种形式的自动负载处理设备的后部和前部的透视示意图，其与图1、2的框架结构同时使用，图3（c）为在使用中吊起箱的已知负载处理设备的透视示意图；
图4为包含多个安装在图1、2所示框架结构上的如图3（a）、3（b）、3（c）所示的负载处理设备，及依据本发明中一种形式的自动服务装置的已知存储系统的透视示意图；
图5a为图1-4所示的存储系统依据本发明的第一实施例的透视示意图，其中，若干箱堆垛可独立于剩余箱堆垛分离及移动，所述箱堆垛位于至少一个笼车内；
图5b为图5a所示系统的透视示意图，示出了在箱堆垛内就位的笼车，自动负载处理设备将箱置于所述笼车内；
图6为图1-4所示的存储系统依据本发明的第二实施例的透视示意图，其中，部分网格延伸出所述存储系统，并支撑在一定高度，从而笼车可置于其下，以利用在存取系统网格上运作的负载处理设备实现笼车的自动装载；
图7为支撑在一定高度的位置上的框架结构的一部分的透视示意图，从而拖车或其他运载工具可在框架结构的所述部分下方移动；
图8为图7所示位于框架结构的所述部分下方的拖车50的透视示意图，框架结构的所述部分在所述拖车上方支撑自动负载处理设备，所述负载处理设备从拖车移出或存放箱；
图9示出了本发明的第三实施例，其中，拖车内的箱以比所述箱在相应的存取系统中堆叠的更紧密的堆积方式堆叠，位于拖车上方的框架结构设有可移动轨道，以将自动负载处理设备由仓库移至箱堆垛上方的位置，并从拖车移出或存放箱至仓库，反之亦然，而不考虑箱的相对堆积密度；
图10a、10b为图9所示实施例的透视示意图，其中，拖车内的箱以比所述箱在相应的存取系统中堆叠的更紧密的堆积方式堆叠，拖车上方的框架结构设有可移动轨道，以将自动负载处理设备由仓库移至箱堆垛上方的位置，并从拖车移出或存放箱至仓库，反之亦然，而不考虑箱的相对堆积密度；
图11a、11b为图9、10所示的本发明的另一形式的实施例的透视图，其中，拖车或其他运载工具的上方的框架结构设有数个可移动轨道；
图12a、12b为本发明的第四实施例的透视图，其中，至少运载工具顶部的一部分包括部分网格，网格形状与尺寸设置为与所述存取系统的网格相配合，所述系统进一步包括对齐装置，使运载工具与两个网格部分相对齐平；
图12c 为图12a所示就位的运载工具倚靠存取系统的透视示意图，运载工具利用图12b所示系统完成对齐，存取系统设有网格结构连接部分，允许负载处理设备由存取系统至运载工具的网格形成部分通畅移动，反之亦然。
具体实施方式
如图1、2所示，可垒叠容器，又称为箱10，逐个垒叠以形成堆垛12。所述堆垛12安置于仓库或生产环境中的框架结构14内。图1为框架结构14的透视示意图，图2为安置于框架结构14内的箱10的单个堆垛12的俯视图。每个箱10通常容纳多个产品（未示出），并且箱10中的产品可以根据其应用为完全相同或不同类型的产品。
所述框架结构14包括多个支撑水平件18、20的垂直件16。第一组互相平行的水平件18设置为垂直于第二组互相平行的水平件20以形成多个由所述垂直件16支撑的水平网格结构。所述件16、18、20通常由金属制成。所述箱10垒叠于所述框架结构14的所述件16、18、20之间，以此框架结构14防止箱10的堆垛12的水平移动并引导箱10的垂直移动。
框架结构14的顶层包括设置为横跨堆垛12顶部的网格状轨道22。此外，参考图3、4，所述轨道22支撑多个自动负载处理设备30。相互平行的轨道22的第一组22a引导所述负载处理设备30沿第一方向（X）横跨所述框架结构14顶部的移动，垂直于所述第一组22a的相互平行的轨道22的第二组22b引导所述负载处理设备30沿垂直于第一方向的第二方向（Y）移动。通过此种方式，所述轨道22使所述负载处理设备30在X-Y平面内的两个维度移动，以便负载处理设备30可移至任意堆垛12上方的位置。
每个负载处理设备30包含运输部件32，其设置为在所述堆垛12上方、于所述框架结构14的所述轨道22上沿X、Y方向移动。第一组轮34，由所述运输部件32前部的一对轮34与所述运输部件32后部的一对轮34组成，设置成可接合轨道22的所述第一组22a中的两条相邻轨道。相似的，第二组轮36，由所述运输部件32两侧的各一对轮36组成，设置成可接合轨道22的所述第二组22b中的两条相邻轨道。各组轮34、36可提升、下降，因此，在任意时间第一组轮34或第二组轮36与各自的轨道组22a或22b接合。
当第一组轮34接合轨道的第一组22a、第二组轮36从轨道22被提升时，轮34可由封装在运输部件32内的驱动机构（未示出）驱动，沿所述X方向移动负载处理设备30。要沿所述Y方向移动所述负载处理设备，将第一组轮34从轨道22上提升，使第二组轮36下降与第二组轨道22b接合。此时，所述驱动机构可用于驱动第二组轮36，完成Y方向上的移动。
通过此种方式，一个或多个自动负载处理设备30可在中央拣选系统（未示出）控制下在所述框架结构14上围绕所述堆垛12顶面移动。每个自动负载处理设备30设有从堆垛起吊出一个或多个箱或容器的装置，以获取需要的产品。通过此种方式，每次可从网格与堆垛内的多个位置获取多个产品。
图4示出了上文描述的一种典型存储系统，所述系统含有多个在堆垛12上运作的负载处理设备30。此外，自动服务设备位于网格14上。
图5a示出了与第一或第二实施例共同使用的笼车。所述笼车40设计为容纳数个箱10的堆垛12，通常为2x2结构共4个。笼车可通过轮移动，例如，从而其可在仓库地面移动、移动至运载工具以及在运载工具内移动。并且，笼车40可以以允许在框架结构14顶部的轨道22上运行的自动负载处理设备30装载及卸下箱10的方式牢固地插入框架结构14。应了解，如图5b所示，笼车40可手动移入尺寸适合的存取系统开口部分内。或者，笼车40可机械地或自动地移入堆垛内的位置。笼车40通过适用的锁固装置（未示出）锁定于适当位置。所述锁固装置可为机械锁定装置、磁性定位装置或其它适用的定位与锁定装置。应了解，所述锁固装置也可包括电子定位与锁定装置。应了解，可采用任何适用形式的定位与锁定装置，以防止笼车相对于箱10的堆垛12移动。
笼车40优选包括4个以2x2的横截面排列方式设置的由箱10构成的堆垛12。但应了解，可相应地采用并设置任意数量的堆垛12。
图5b示出了当附于框架结构14并处于通过自动负载处理设备30接收箱10的过程中的图5a中的笼车40。
应了解，框架结构14水平网格下方区域可空置以接收笼车40，同样有可能的是箱10的堆垛12上方的框架结构14的部分水平网格延伸出堆垛12的顶面区域。以此种方式，笼车40可移至延伸水平网格15下方的位置，邻近放置时间更长久的堆垛12，如图6所示。
使用过程中，空笼车40移入根据本发明第一实施例的存取系统框架内，或移至根据本发明第二实施例的水平网格延伸部分下方。
随后，空笼车40可装载构成交付容器DT的箱，所述交付容器DT包含待交付客户的物品，或者，所述箱或容器可包括待合适运载工具后续交付至同地或远处其它地点的其他存取系统的库存物品。
当笼车40移至网格合适部分下方时，优选采用校平机构（未示出）以确保待插入或移出笼车40的箱或容器准确对齐，从而能够配合负载处理设备30内的绞盘组件装置。应了解，有许多将笼车与箱及容器对齐的方法以使负载处理设备30可按要求精确收集并存放所述箱及容器。例如，在笼车于其上移动的网格部分的下方区域可设有可沿X、Y、Z方向移动的板。所述板可通过机械装置、机电装置或液压装置移动。并且，对齐笼车的装置可设有例如可解除的锁紧机构的定位与锁固装置，以确保笼车一经对齐即锁定。
图7示出了与第三实施例联合使用的倒驶入框架结构14的运载工具。所述运载工具包括驾驶室部分52与拖车部分50。但是，应了解，运载工具形式可包括但不限于卡车、厢式货车、具有拖车部分的运载工具以及可以此类方式并且按文中所述装卸的运载箱或容器的任意形式的运载工具。在本实施例中，框架结构14的一部分延伸出堆垛12，形成在一定高度得到支撑的网格区域，其与待停放至其下方的拖车50所运行的道路相适应。拖车50包含箱10的堆垛12，所述堆垛12以如下方式排列：停放拖车50于框架结构14延伸部分下方，使自动负载处理设备30能够移入拖车50上方的位置，以将箱10从拖车50内的堆垛12中移出。拖车50内的箱10可以以类似于上文第一、第二实施例所述的方式存放于笼车。但是，任何适用于锁固拖车50中的箱10的方法均可与采用机器人30移出箱10共同使用。
在本实施例中，拖车50设有可伸缩车顶，所述车顶通过将拖车50上的网格结构与上方的网格对齐，从而可将所述车顶锁定于建筑，其中自动负载处理设备在所述上方的网格上移动。这意味着拖车空间本质上位于建筑内部或位于至少周围具有充分的气象防护的屋顶下方。在本实施例中，所述运载工具上和所述存储系统中的网格间距是一样的。
图8示出了当位于邻近框架结构14并处于通过自动负载处理设备30接收箱10的图7中的拖车50。应了解，拖车可如图所示仅仅位于框架结构14下方。但是，为确保拖车50内箱10对齐框架结构14延伸部分网格，有必要通过适用装置将拖车50附于框架结构14。所述装置可包括但不限于位于拖车上的机械附着装置或机械协作装置和框架结构14支撑物。并且拖车与框架结构可设有定位协助装置（未示出）以确保拖车50准确定位于框架结构14下方。定位协助装置可包括超声波距离测定装置或例如摄像机等的光学定位装置，以及适当的定位记号等，但应了解，也可采用其他任何适用装置。
图9示出了与本发明第四实施例同时使用的装载站80，所述装载站80位于拖车60的上方，所述拖车60具有与存取系统中采用的框架结构14相比不同间距的水平网格部分的框架结构62，装载站80能够在拖车60内运载与存取系统内相同体积的框架结构相比，更多数量的箱10。
使用过程中，在装载站80内，自动负载处理设备30先在垂直于拖车60的轨道82上运行。之后自动负载处理设备改变方向，在可移动轨道84上运行，所述可移动轨道可沿轨道82、83滑动。一旦自动负载处理设备30存放和/或取出框架结构62内指定位置的箱10，其继续移动至拖车60另一端的轨道83，再返回主框架结构14。
沿拖车长边运作的单个轨道可相对于拖车60左右滑动，以定位于各排堆垛的上方。在两端，所述可移动轨道与垂直轨道相连，所述垂直轨道可使自动负载处理设备30由建筑内的固定网格向拖车上方的可移动轨道移动，从而自动负载处理设备30可存放或取回容器，并返回至建筑内固定网格。
图10a、10b示出了图9所示装载站80的更多细节，包括静态轨道82、83及可移动轨道84，图10a中拖车60就位，图10b为了图示清晰未示出拖车60。
图11a、11b示出了不同于图9和10所示的、以上详细描述的装载站的装载站81的另一种构造。所述装载站81设有2条在静态轨道82、83上滑动的可移动轨道84a、84b。如图所示，数个自动负载处理设备30可同时在这些轨道上运行。
图12a示出了本发明另一个实施例，其中，运载工具的拖车50的顶部具有部分网格结构。所述网格结构可由可展开的防水油布或可移动车顶覆盖。根据类似于上述关于笼车的方式，运载工具的拖车50如上文所述邻近存储与取回系统放置。应了解，需要连接以实现负载处理设备在容器与箱10的堆垛12上方由存取系统向构成部分车顶或拖车50顶部的网格移动。图12c示出了连接106，其包括位于装卸区上方的部分大致水平网格结构。
使用过程中，移送堆垛中的容器或箱或等待装载箱与容器至运载工具的运载工具位于邻近存取系统，从而连接部分106提供由存取系统网格至构成部分运载工具的网格的转移点。
应了解，这样的连接部分需要两个独立的水平网格结构部分大致对齐。在使用运载工具或拖车的情况下，可通过多种方式实现对齐。图12a示出了对齐机构100的一种形式，所述对齐机构包括板100，运输车位于其上。所述板可至少沿X、Y、Z方向移动。并且，板100可能够倾斜移动。所述板可通过适用的机动机械装置、或例如通过水力学等方法或其他任何适用的方法移动。
图12b示出了对齐运载工具或拖车50等运载工具的一部分与存取系统的另一种方法。在本例中，托架部分104用以托举运载工具的拖车50。所述托架部分可沿X、Y、Z方向移动。所述托架部分也可绕一点旋转，从而改变移动角度。应了解，托架部分104可由适用的移动装置独立移动和/或可安装于可旋转板102，从而独立于托架部分104的移动而旋转。
应了解，上述仅为对齐机构举例，本领域技术人员知道可满足对齐构成部分运载工具的网格部分与构成部分存取系统框架结构的网格部分的要求的其他机构。
上述所有实施例中，应了解，负载处理设备30可移除堆垛12的箱10，将其置于笼车40或拖车50、60内。此外，负载处理设备30可移除笼车40或拖车50、60内的箱或容器10，将其置于堆垛12内。还应了解，负载处理设备30可具有不同尺寸，从而不同尺寸的箱10可由尺寸合适的负载处理设备30移动及运输。这可能要求对框架结构14网格空间进行相应的尺寸改变，以适应不同尺寸的机器人30与箱10。
并且，应了解，所述拖车50、60及笼车40可为任意尺寸与构造，不限于附图所示或上文所述。拖车可适用于室温、冷藏或冷冻货物的运输，必要时采用冷藏拖车。而且，箱10的堆垛12可包含任意数量的箱，不限于附图所示数量。
而且，应了解，存取系统可包括物品拣选系统，其根据客户订单运作，例如在线上零售商的情况下，或者也可运作以分类、存储和拣选需要上门取送的包裹或邮件等其他物品。
应了解，附图示出了一种组装式运载工具，本发明可同样应用于能够安装部分网格的任意运载工具。还应了解，此类运载工具可包括固定侧端，或包括侧端或弹性或可伸缩侧端。并且，运载工具的车顶或顶部可安装部分网格，或者网格可构成部分运载工具结构。
虽然本发明说明并描述了一个或更多实施，但是说明的实例仍可在不超过权利要求的实质与范围的前提下进行变更和/或修改。尤其就上述部件或结构（组件、设备、电路、系统等）发挥的多种作用而言，用于描述此类部件的语汇（包括提及的“装置”）旨在对应发挥所述部件（如功能相同）特定作用的任意部件或结构，即使结构不同于在本发明典型实施例中发挥同样作用的已公开结构，另外有所指的除外。此外，虽然本发明特定特征可能已在数个实施例之一中公开，但是所述特征可结合其他实施例的一个或更多其他特征，满足任意指定或特定应用的需求或发挥优势。并且，语汇“包含”、“具有”、“有”或其变式用于具体说明或权利要求，旨在表示包含关系，类似“包括”的用法。

Claims (20)

1.一种物品处理系统，包括：
存储工作空间，包括：
第一框架，其包括形成网格的两组大致互相垂直的轨道，支撑所述网格的一系列第一垂直件和排列成堆垛的数个容器，每个堆垛位于所述网格下方；
所述系统进一步包括网格延伸，其包括所述两组大致互相垂直的轨道的延续，其中所述网格延伸提供了所述网格延伸下方的区域，并且其中所述数个容器中的一个或多个可通过一个或多个负载处理设备在所述存储工作空间和所述网格延伸下方的所述区域之间移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述存储工作空间包括从所述第一框架延伸的第二框架，所述第二框架包括一系列第二垂直件，所述第二垂直件支撑所述网格延伸。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述一个或多个负载处理设备被设置为在所述轨道的网格上运作并且能够沿着所述轨道移动至所述工作空间上方的所述网格上或所述网格延伸下方的所述区域上方的任意一点，其中所述一个或多个负载处理设备包括用于从所述堆垛中移出或更换至少一个容器的装置，以及用于运输所述至少一个容器至所述网格上的其他位置的装置。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述负载处理设备在由所述第一框架支撑的所述网格和所述网格延伸之间移动。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述一个或多个负载处理设备包括安装于轮上的主体，设置为至少接合所述第一组轨道的两条轨道的第一组轮，和设置为至少接合所述第二组轨道的两条轨道的第二组轮，所述第一组轮相对于所述第二组轮可独立移动与驱动，使得运转过程中任意时刻仅一组轮接合所述网格。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述网格延伸下方的所述区域适合用于定位运载工具，使得容器可放置于所述运载工具或从所述运载工具移出。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，所述运载工具内的所述容器的堆积密度大于所述工作空间内的所述堆垛的堆积密度。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的系统，其特征在于，所述运载工具包括顶部部分，所述顶部部分包括被配置为接合所述存储工作空间的所述网格的网格结构。
9.根据权利要求8所述的系统，包括设置于所述顶部部分网格结构和所述存储工作空间的所述网格之间的连接，以允许所述一个或多个负载处理设备在其间的移动。
10.根据权利要求6至9中任意一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述网格延伸包括：
至少一组可移动轨道，在所述网格延伸上运作的所述一个或多个负载处理设备可通过所述可移动轨道移动以相对于所述运载工具中的所述容器定位所述一个或多个负载处理设备。
11.根据权利要求6至10中任意一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述运载工具是冷藏运输工具。
12.根据权利要求6至11中任意一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述运载工具是铰接式卡车或厢式货车。
13.根据权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述网格延伸下方的所述区域适合用于定位笼车使得容器可放置于所述笼车或从所述笼车移出。
14.根据权利要求13所述的系统，其特征在于，所述笼车可手动地，机械地或通过自动装置自动地调动至所述网格延伸下方的所述区域内的位置。
15.根据权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，位于所述工作空间中的部分所述容器堆垛可相对于所述工作空间中的剩余容器堆垛独立移动。
16.根据权利要求15所述的系统，其特征在于，所述容器堆垛的所述可移动部分可通过机械移动装置从所述工作空间移出或换入所述工作空间。
17.根据权利要求16所述的系统，其特征在于，所述机械移动装置包括：
安装于轮上的笼车，所述笼车通过手动或自动装置可调动至所述工作空间内的位置。
18.根据权利要求16所述的系统，其特征在于，所述机械移动装置包括：
笼车、手推车、车辆、厢式货车、铰接式卡车或含有拖车的运载工具。
19.根据权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述工作空间包括：
数种尺寸的容器。
20.根据权利要求19所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：
至少一个被配置为接合并吊起各个尺寸容器的负载处理设备。
CN202210046378.XA 2015-04-15 2016-04-15 物品处理系统与方法 Pending CN114162509A (zh)

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