CN114158485A - Zero-emission straw padding for pig breeding and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Zero-emission straw padding for pig breeding and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses zero-emission straw padding for live pig breeding and a preparation method thereof, wherein the zero-emission straw padding for live pig breeding comprises the following components: adding 0.1-0.5 part of composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor, 50-150 parts of water and 1.3-4.7 parts of auxiliary materials by 100 parts by mass of straws; the composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor is prepared by mixing fermentation liquor containing bacillus megatherium, lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus paracasei, and the mixing volume ratio of the fermentation liquor of each strain is 1:1:1:1: 1. The ecological padding plays an important role in solving the health problem of live pigs, can decompose excrement discharged by the live pigs and synthesize nutrient components required by microorganisms, realizes zero emission of the excrement, reduces emission of odorous gases such as ammonia, nitrogen and VOCs in a farm, and realizes quasi-zero emission of odor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a zero-emission biological padding for pig breeding and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological padding.
Background
China is a big country for pig production and pork consumption, and pig breeding is always the most important type of livestock breeding in China. Currently, the pig breeding industry in China faces a great challenge, and two major problems need to be solved urgently: 1. the live pig breeding environment pollution is increasingly prominent, the pig manure not only has higher nitrogen and phosphorus content, but also has larger odor caused by emitting hydrogen sulfide, VOCs and other odor, namely the problem of how to improve the environment pollution in live pig breeding; 2. under the requirement of comprehensive implementation of resistance prohibition in the breeding industry, how to ensure healthy breeding of live pigs is the second major problem faced by the breeding industry. Therefore, a new live pig breeding mode is urgently required to solve the existing problems.
The straw fermentation padding ecological pig raising is characterized in that crop straws of rape, corn and the like are used as main padding, auxiliary materials and special strain microorganisms are added, a healthy micro-ecological breeding environment is constructed through fermentation, and then the straw fermentation padding ecological pig raising is used as a breeding technology of daily-life padding for pigs and is also comprehensive utilization of principles of microbiology, ecology and fermentation engineering. The whole breeding process of live pigs is completed on padding, beneficial function microorganism composite flora in the padding can rapidly degrade live pig excrement and urine, artificial treatment of the live pig excrement and urine is not needed, peculiar smell in a pig house can be effectively removed, zero emission of breeding excrement can be realized, zero emission of odor is quasi-zero, the morbidity of the live pigs is reduced, the pork quality is improved, and the pig breeding method has an important effect in two problems which always exist in the live pig breeding industry.
The existing padding preparation technology has various defects and cannot be popularized on a large scale. Such as: the traditional padding mainly adopts sawdust chaff, so that the cost is high, and the cultivation burden of farmers is increased; the traditional padding is large in thickness, the thickness of about 80cm is not favorable for ventilation, and particularly the temperature of the padding can reach more than 45 ℃ in summer, so that the padding is not favorable for pig breeding welfare; the traditional padding technology is generally easy to cause death of most beneficial functional microorganisms after running for two to three months, so that the phenomenon of 'dead bed' is caused; in the traditional padding preparation stage, an auxiliary material culture medium is often added to facilitate metabolism and propagation of beneficial functional microorganisms, wherein a common carbon source is glucose powder with relatively strong sweet taste and is easy to attract mosquitoes, so that disease transmission is increased, and healthy breeding of live pigs is not facilitated; the traditional bedding preparation technology has the defects that scientific guidance is lacked, the specification is not enough, the operation is complicated, and beneficial functional microorganisms cannot reproduce and metabolize to cause bedding preparation failure.
Disclosure of Invention
At present, the traditional straw fermentation padding is manufactured with the defects of high cost, complex operation, insufficient scientific and standard technology and the like, so that the padding can not be popularized on a large scale. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a zero-emission live pig breeding biological padding and a preparation method thereof.
The crop straws in China are rich in resources and are renewable energy sources, and the development of resource utilization of the crop straws is urgent along with the requirements of environmental management and prohibition of incineration. The method can organically combine the comprehensive utilization of the straws with the resource utilization of the livestock and poultry excrement, can improve the existing culture problem, realizes the zero emission of the excrement, the odor and the zero emission, purifies the culture environment, improves the quality of pork, and can deeply process the used padding to be used as an organic fertilizer.
The zero-emission biological padding for pig breeding comprises the following components:
adding 0.1-0.5 part of composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor, 50-150 parts of water and 1.3-4.7 parts of auxiliary materials by 100 parts by mass of straws.
The straws are corn straws or rape straws.
The composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor is prepared by mixing fermentation liquor containing bacillus megatherium, lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus paracasei, and the mixing volume ratio of the fermentation liquor of each strain is 1:1:1:1: 1.
Preferably, the effective viable bacteria content of the composite microbial probiotic is 1.0 x 108～1.0×1010cfu/mL。
The auxiliary materials are one or more of wormwood powder, glucose powder, milk powder and crude salt.
Preferably, the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1.0-3.0 parts of wormwood powder, 0.1-0.6 part of glucose powder, 0.1-0.5 part of milk powder and 0.1-0.6 part of crude salt.
The compound beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor is prepared by fermentation through a method comprising the following steps:
respectively fermenting Lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei with MRS culture medium at 37 deg.C and pH4.0 for 30 hr to obtain fermentation liquid with viable count CFU of 1.0 × 1010. Fermenting Bacillus megaterium with LB medium at 37 deg.C, pH6.0 and rotation speed of 200rpm for 30 hr to obtain Bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid with viable count CFU of 1.0 × 1010。
The zero-emission live pig breeding biological padding is prepared by the method comprising the following steps of:
step 1: dissolving the composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor, glucose powder, milk powder and crude salt in water, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain an auxiliary material mixed liquor;
step 2: crushing the straws to 3-5cm, and meanwhile, reserving the crushed powder generated by crushing the straws for later use;
and step 3: dividing the straw powder, the wormwood powder and the straw into 4-5 equal parts respectively, and dividing the auxiliary material mixed liquor into 8-10 equal parts; a layered paving method is adopted, one part of straw is paved on the cement ground, one part of auxiliary material mixed liquor is uniformly sprayed to the surface of the straw, one part of straw is paved on the first layer of straw as a second layer, one part of auxiliary material mixed liquor is continuously sprayed to the surface of the second layer of straw, the operations are repeated until the straw is paved, and straw powder and wormwood powder are uniformly scattered in the paving process of each layer of straw;
and 4, step 4: the paved straws are turned and thrown layer by layer, one auxiliary material mixed liquid is sprayed when each layer is turned and thrown, until the auxiliary material mixed liquid is sprayed, and local soil is not required to be added when the padding is paved;
and 5: turning over the straws for 4-5 times to uniformly mix the mixed liquid of the straws and the auxiliary materials; stacking straws into a strip pile type, wherein the height is 1-1.5m, the length is determined according to the amount of the straws, covering and compacting the periphery by a plastic film for fermentation, turning and throwing are not needed in the fermentation process, and a fermentation facultative anaerobic environment is maintained; and (4) fermenting for 3-5 days continuously to finish the padding preparation, and at the moment, transferring the padding to a piggery for breeding or bagging for storage.
The preparation effect of the padding takes the growth condition of bacterial plaques on the surfaces of the straws as an evaluation standard, the beneficial microbial bacterial plaques are small and dense and are uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the straws, the mixed bacteria are unevenly distributed on the surfaces of the straws and are in a green or white aggregation form, and the bacterial plaques are large.
The application method of the zero-emission live pig breeding biological padding disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of:
step 1: in a pigsty, laying padding in three layers, wherein the first layer is a log layer with the thickness of 40-50cm, the second layer is a whole straw layer with the thickness of 30-40cm, and the uppermost layer is a fermentation biological padding layer with the thickness of 30-40 cm;
step 2: when the top layer of the fermentation biological padding is consumed by 10-15cm in thickness, new fermentation biological padding needs to be supplemented immediately to restore to the original thickness.
Compared with the prior art, the fermented biological padding provided by the invention improves the original padding manufacturing technology, establishes the padding manufacturing process, avoids the increase of cost and the damage of the fermentation environment caused by unscientific operations such as pile turning, soil addition and the like in fermentation, is more beneficial to fully mixing all components by adopting a layered paving method, defines parameters such as a fermentation period, water content and the like, improves the padding manufacturing efficiency, and is beneficial to the popularization and the use of the technology.
The padding disclosed by the invention is reasonable in formula matching, the used materials are agricultural waste straws, the yield is large, and the cost is low. The straw is fully recycled, the serious environmental pollution and resource waste caused by burning, abandoning and the like are avoided, and the straw is soft after fermentation and can be hunched by live pigs, so that part of feed can be saved, and the breeding cost is reduced.
The auxiliary materials selected by the invention can provide nutrition for the growth of the beneficial microbial agent in the initial fermentation stage, promote the rapid propagation of thalli to form dominant strains, form antagonistic effect on straw mold, breeding pathogenic bacteria and the like, and simultaneously can rapidly decompose the feces of live pigs and improve the disease resistance of the live pigs.
According to the invention, the Chinese herbal medicine wormwood powder is selectively added in the padding preparation, so that the padding has the effects of expelling parasites, repelling mosquitoes, removing peculiar smell and the like when having certain health-care and medicinal values, the oxidation environment of the live pigs is healthier, the immunity of the live pigs is enhanced, the feed intake and digestibility of the live pigs to the feed are improved, the growth of the live pigs is promoted, and the meat quality of the live pigs is improved.
The ecological padding prepared by the invention plays an important role in solving the health problem of live pigs, can decompose excrement discharged by the live pigs and synthesize nutrient components required by microorganisms, realizes zero emission of the excrement, reduces emission of ammonia, nitrogen, VOCs and other odorous gases in a farm, and realizes quasi-zero emission of odor. The bedding after using can be used for fertilizer production, when solving idle, the burning scheduling problem of straw, has also solved the dirty utilization problem of plant's excrement, has promoted the utilization of agricultural waste's resource.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the growth of bacterial plaque on the surface of straw with the progress of fermentation, left: test group containing auxiliary materials; and (3) right: test group without adjuvant. The result shows that the straws containing the auxiliary material group show that beneficial microorganism bacteria spots are uniformly distributed, the growth condition is good, the quantity of mixed bacteria in the auxiliary material-free group is more, and the padding fermentation effect is poor.
Fig. 2 is the fermentation environment control versus plaque growth, left: strictly controlling the anaerobic environment in the fermentation process, right: turning the pile in the middle of fermentation. The results show that controlling the anaerobic environment during fermentation is beneficial to the fermentation preparation of the bedding, otherwise the growth of mixed bacteria is mildewed.
FIG. 3 shows the odor content test results of the rape fermentation biological padding in the pig house for raising live pigs. The results show that the odor content in the pigsty is low, no obvious peculiar smell exists, the odor content slightly rises along with the prolonging of the breeding time, and the odor content is reduced after padding is added.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further analyzed and explained by combining specific examples, and the invention takes rape or corn stalks as raw materials to prepare the biological padding by fermentation. The following specific examples of the present invention are provided to supplement the purpose, technical solutions, effects, and the like of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and simple changes, modifications, or substitutions may be made within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: preparation of straw biological padding
1. Respectively fermenting Lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei with MRS culture medium at 37 deg.C and pH4.0 for 30 hr to obtain fermentation liquid with viable count CFU of 1.0 × 1010. Fermenting Bacillus megaterium with LB medium at 37 deg.C, pH6.0 and rotation speed of 200rpm for 30 hr to obtain Bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid with viable count CFU of 1.0 × 1010。
And preparing the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid, the lactobacillus casei fermentation liquid, the enterococcus faecalis fermentation liquid, the lactobacillus plantarum fermentation liquid and the lactobacillus paracasei fermentation liquid into the composite beneficial microbial agent according to the proportion of 1:1:1:1: 1: 1.
100 parts of rape straws crushed to 3cm, 10 parts of crushed powder generated in the process of crushing the straws and 1 part of wormwood powder are taken.
Weighing 0.15 part of crude salt, 0.2 part of glucose powder, 0.1 part of milk powder and 0.1 part of composite beneficial microbial agent, dissolving in 50 parts of water, fully and uniformly stirring to prepare an auxiliary material mixed solution, and equally dividing into 10 times of dosage.
2. Uniformly mixing rape straws and auxiliary materials by a layered paving method, laying 20 parts of rape straws on the ground, uniformly scattering 2 parts of straw powder, 0.2 part of wormwood powder and 1-time dosage of auxiliary material mixed liquid above the straws, laying 20 parts of rape straws above the straws, uniformly scattering 2 parts of straw powder, 0.2 part of wormwood powder and 1-time dosage of auxiliary material mixed liquid, and repeating the operation until the straws and the powder are used up; turning and throwing the straw pile, and adding the auxiliary material mixed solution with the dosage of 1 time when turning and throwing one layer at a time until the auxiliary material mixed solution is used up; the straw pile was continuously turned over 4 times to mix the components well as to be used as experiment A group.
3. Taking 100 parts of rape straws, 10 parts of straw powder, 0.1 part of composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor and 50 parts of water, adding no auxiliary materials as a control group B, completely carrying out the same preparation operations, and stacking and laying straw fermentation piles.
4. Covering the straw pile with a plastic film, compacting all around, and continuously fermenting without operation in the middle.
The method is characterized in that the degree of fixation of bacterial plaques is verified by continuously observing the fermentation condition of straw padding and the growth condition of the bacterial plaques on the surfaces of the straws, wherein the beneficial microbial plaques are small and dense and are uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the straws, the mixed bacteria are unevenly distributed on the surfaces of the straws and are in a green or white aggregation form, and the bacterial plaques are large.
The results show that with the prolonging of the fermentation time, beneficial microbial bacteria spots on the surfaces of the rape straws are gradually increased in the example A, the straws are not mildewed, and the effect of uniform bacterial plaque distribution is good, so that the beneficial microbial bacteria agent prepared by the technology can be fixed in the padding, the survival performance is good, and the rape straws in the example B show that the beneficial microbial bacteria spots are less and the mildewed parts of mixed bacteria are relatively more. In straw fermentation, the reproductive metabolism of the compound microorganism strains generates heat to enable the temperature to rise rapidly and the pH of the fermented straw to fall, the temperature increase range and the maximum value of the embodiment A are both larger than those of the embodiment B, and the straw fermentation pH detection shows that the embodiment A is also lower than that of the embodiment B. The results show that the straw fermentation padding prepared by the invention can effectively inhibit the growth of infectious microbes, can form advantageous beneficial microbial flora and is beneficial to healthy breeding of live pigs (figure 1 and table 1).
TABLE 1 corn stalk fermentation parameter variation of composite microbial agent test group and control group
Example 2: selection of beneficial compound microbial agent for preparing padding
Respectively fermenting Lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei with MRS culture medium at 37 deg.C and pH4.0 for 30 hr to obtain fermentation liquid with viable count CFU of 1.0 × 1010. Fermenting Bacillus megaterium with LB medium at 37 deg.C, pH6.0 and rotation speed of 200rpm for 30 hr to obtain Bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid with viable count CFU of 1.0 × 1010。
In one embodiment C, the preparation of corn stover fermentation bio-mat comprises the following ingredients:
100 parts of corn straw and 10 parts of straw powder; the auxiliary materials comprise 1 part of wormwood powder, 0.15 part of crude salt, 0.2 part of glucose powder and 0.1 part of milk powder; 100 parts of water.
0.1 part of composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor, wherein the composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor contains bacillus megatherium, lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus paracasei, the ratio of the fermentation liquor of each strain is 1:1:1:1:1, and the rape straw fermentation padding is prepared according to the operation of the method.
In one embodiment D, the preparation of corn stover fermentation bio-mat comprises the following ingredients:
100 parts of corn straw and 10 parts of straw powder; the auxiliary materials comprise 1 part of wormwood powder, 0.15 part of crude salt, 0.2 part of glucose powder and 0.1 part of milk powder; 100 parts of water.
0.1 part of composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor, wherein the composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor contains bacillus megatherium, lactobacillus casei and enterococcus faecalis, the ratio of the fermentation liquor of each strain is 1:1:1, and the rape straw fermentation padding is prepared according to the operation of the invention.
In one embodiment E, the preparation of corn stalk fermentation bio-mat comprises the following components:
100 parts of corn straw and 10 parts of straw powder; the auxiliary materials comprise 1 part of wormwood powder, 0.15 part of crude salt, 0.2 part of glucose powder and 0.1 part of milk powder; 100 parts of water.
0.1 part of composite beneficial microbial agent, wherein the composite beneficial microbial agent contains bacillus megatherium, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus paracasei, the ratio of fermentation liquids of all strains is 1:1:1, and the rape straw fermentation padding is prepared according to the operation of the invention.
The fermentation preparation result of the corn bedding shows that in the above embodiment, a small amount of bacterial plaque appears on the surface of the straw in the second day of fermentation, the bacterial plaque is obvious and evenly distributed in the third day, beneficial microbial bacterial plaques on the surfaces of the groups of corn straws are gradually increased and densely distributed in the fourth day, and no mixed bacteria grow in the fourth day, and in the embodiment D, E, bacterial plaque appears on the surface of the corn straws in the third day of fermentation, and the bacterial plaque is one day later than that in the embodiment C when the same straw fermentation effect is achieved. The propagation and metabolism of the compound microbial strains in the corn straw fermentation can generate heat to enable the temperature to rise rapidly and the pH value of the fermented straws to fall, the detection of the fermentation parameters of the corn straws of all groups of embodiments shows that the rise amplitude and the highest value of the temperature of the straws of embodiment C are higher than those of embodiment D, E in the early stage of the fermentation, and tend to be consistent in the final fifth day, and the change trend of the pH value of the straws of embodiment C is the same as the temperature, which shows that in the preparation of the padding specified by the invention, the combination of different beneficial microorganisms can finally achieve the ideal fermentation effect, when the selected strains are combined more, the fermentation time is greatly shortened, the preparation efficiency of the straw padding is improved, the cultivation labor cost and time are saved, and the popularization and the application of the zero-emission live pig cultivation straw padding technology are facilitated (Table 2).
Table 2 corn stalk bedding preparation different examples fermentation parameter changes
Example 3: compared with the conventional padding manufacturing method, the fermented biological padding disclosed by the invention is prepared by the conventional padding manufacturing method
Respectively taking 100 parts of corn straw and 10 parts of straw powder; the auxiliary materials comprise 1 part of wormwood powder, 0.2 part of crude salt, 0.3 part of glucose powder and 0.2 part of milk powder; 100 parts of water; 0.3 part of composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor, wherein the composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor contains bacillus megatherium, lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus paracasei, the ratio of the fermentation liquor of each strain is 1:1:1:1:1, and the rape straw fermentation padding is prepared according to the operation of the method. One group is added with 10 parts of soil, the other group is added with 10 parts of straw powder, and the rest operations are the same. Continuously detecting the parameter changes of the oilseed rape straw padding of different sets, such as temperature, pH and the like, and the growth condition of microorganisms on the surfaces of the straws, and determining the most suitable conditions for manufacturing the padding. The result is shown by the bacterial plaque growth situation contrast, and the straw powder can replace earth, and the thallus fermentation effect is more excellent, and beneficial microorganism fungus macula distributes more evenly to under the room temperature condition, last fermentation 3 days can accomplish the bedding and padding preparation, do benefit to the general popularization of fermentation bed technique.
Example 4: comparison of anaerobic environmental control during fermentation
Respectively taking 100 parts of corn straw and 10 parts of straw powder; the auxiliary materials comprise 1 part of wormwood powder, 0.3 part of crude salt, 0.3 part of glucose powder and 0.3 part of milk powder; 50 parts of water; 0.5 part of composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor, wherein the composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor contains bacillus megatherium, lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus paracasei, the ratio of the fermentation liquor of each strain is 1:1:1:1:1, and the rape straw fermentation padding is prepared according to the operation of the method. After the straw is laid, one group of plastic films are covered and compacted around, the fermentation process is not operated, after the other group of plastic films are covered, the fermentation is continued after the plastic films are turned and piled for 4 times on the 3 rd day of fermentation, and the other two groups of operations are the same. The results show that the straw of the stack-turning group has a mildew phenomenon, the fermentation of the group without stack-turning treatment is normal, and the growth of bacterial plaque is good (figure 2).
Example 5: application of rape fermentation biological padding in pig breeding
Laying fermented corn padding on the uppermost layer of a fermentation bed of a pigsty, wherein the thickness of the fermented corn padding is about 30cm, live pigs live on the padding, the treatment of excrement is not needed in the breeding process, when the thickness of the padding is 8-10cm, the padding layer in the pigsty is supplemented with fresh fermented padding to the thickness of 30cm, the breeding is continued, and in the process, an odor detector is used for continuously detecting NH (ammonia) in the pigsty3、H2S, VOCs, etc. The detection result shows that all values of odor are low, and no H is detected2S, detecting VOCs and NH only when the 5 th day of cultivation3The concentration increases slightly with the increase of the cultivation time, but it doesThe values are far lower than the national emission standard requirements. After the numerical value is detected on the 6 th day, fresh and fermented padding is supplemented, various parameters are reduced by continuous detection (figure 3), and the whole culture process does not need to treat excrement.
Claims (6)
1. The zero-emission straw padding for pig breeding is characterized by comprising the following components:
adding 0.1-0.5 part of composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor, 50-150 parts of water and 1.3-4.7 parts of auxiliary materials by 100 parts by mass of straws;
the composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor is prepared by mixing fermentation liquor containing bacillus megatherium, lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus paracasei, and the mixing volume ratio of the fermentation liquor of each strain is 1:1:1:1: 1.
2. The zero-emission straw bedding for pig breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the effective viable bacteria content of the composite microbial probiotic is 1.0 multiplied by 108～1.0×1010cfu/mL。
3. The zero-emission live pig breeding straw bedding as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor is prepared by fermentation through a method comprising the following steps:
respectively carrying out high-density fermentation on lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus paracasei by using an MRS culture medium at the temperature of 37 ℃ and the pH value of 4.0, and finishing the fermentation after the fermentation is carried out for 30 hours to respectively obtain each strain fermentation liquid;
and (3) carrying out high-density fermentation on the bacillus megaterium by using an LB culture medium at the temperature of 37 ℃, the pH value of 6.0 and the rotation speed of 200rpm, and ending the fermentation after the fermentation is carried out for 30 hours to obtain the bacillus megaterium fermentation liquor.
4. The zero-emission straw bedding for pig breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the auxiliary materials are one or more of wormwood powder, glucose powder, milk powder and crude salt.
5. The zero-emission straw bedding for pig breeding according to claim 4, which is characterized in that:
the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1.0-3.0 parts of wormwood powder, 0.1-0.6 part of glucose powder, 0.1-0.5 part of milk powder and 0.1-0.6 part of crude salt.
6. A method for preparing the zero-emission pig breeding biological litter of any one of claims 1-5, which is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
step 1: dissolving the composite beneficial microbial agent fermentation liquor, glucose powder, milk powder and crude salt in water, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain an auxiliary material mixed liquor;
step 2: crushing the straws to 3-5cm, and meanwhile, reserving the crushed powder generated by crushing the straws for later use;
and step 3: dividing the straw powder, the wormwood powder and the straw into 4-5 equal parts respectively, and dividing the auxiliary material mixed liquor into 8-10 equal parts; a layered paving method is adopted, one part of straw is paved on the cement ground, one part of auxiliary material mixed liquor is uniformly sprayed to the surface of the straw, one part of straw is paved on the first layer of straw as a second layer, one part of auxiliary material mixed liquor is continuously sprayed to the surface of the second layer of straw, the operations are repeated until the straw is paved, and straw powder and wormwood powder are uniformly scattered in the paving process of each layer of straw;
and 4, step 4: the paved straws are turned and thrown layer by layer, one auxiliary material mixed liquid is sprayed when each layer is turned and thrown, until the auxiliary material mixed liquid is sprayed, and local soil is not required to be added when the padding is paved;
and 5: turning over the straws for 4-5 times to uniformly mix the mixed liquid of the straws and the auxiliary materials; stacking straws into a strip pile type, wherein the height is 1-1.5m, the length is determined according to the amount of the straws, covering and compacting the periphery by a plastic film for fermentation, turning and throwing are not needed in the fermentation process, and a fermentation facultative anaerobic environment is maintained; and (4) fermenting for 3-5 days continuously to finish the padding preparation, and at the moment, transferring the padding to a piggery for breeding or bagging for storage.
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