CN114149219B - Preparation method of normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material - Google Patents
Preparation method of normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114149219B CN114149219B CN202210119997.7A CN202210119997A CN114149219B CN 114149219 B CN114149219 B CN 114149219B CN 202210119997 A CN202210119997 A CN 202210119997A CN 114149219 B CN114149219 B CN 114149219B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/42—Pore formers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material, belonging to the technical field of building materials. The invention utilizes industrial waste to prepare high-strength heat-insulating material, does not need to add cement, not only reduces the production cost, but also realizes the reutilization of industrial solid waste. Selecting a proper foaming agent based on the provided bubble stability formula to prepare the foaming agent with the density of 200-1200 kg/m3The heat-insulating material takes the defoaming rate of foam into consideration, has the compressive strength of 0.5-44.98 MPa, the breaking strength of 0.22-13.86 MPa and the heat conductivity of 0.07W/(m.K) -0.249W/(m.K) under normal-temperature curing, has the advantages of environmental protection, light weight, high strength, heat insulation and the like, realizes the recycling of wastes, and has the effects of resource saving and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material.
Background
The problems of energy shortage and waste, continuous warming of climate and the like are significant tests faced by all human beings at present. In recent years, energy consumption related to buildings in China accounts for 46.7% of total social energy consumption each year. Wherein the energy consumption of cement production accounts for 7 percent of the total energy consumption of the whole country, and the cement production can cause a large amount of CO2And other pollutants. Meanwhile, energy supply facilities such as coal power plants form a large amount of solid waste materials in the use process, such as: fly ash, slag and the like usually generate 1 ton of fly ash per 2 ton of coal consumed, and the annual fly ash yield of China reaches 6.86 hundred million tons. The traditional solid waste treatment mode comprises land landfill, marine incineration and the like, and not only is the utilization rate low, but also the ecological environment is damaged. Therefore, a method for effectively improving the utilization rate of solid waste is needed.
The consumption of heating, air conditioning and the like in China accounts for 60% -70% of the total energy consumption of buildings every year, and the main reason is that the performance of the external wall heat-insulating material of the buildings in China is poor. The development of novel heat-insulating materials with the advantages of energy conservation, emission reduction, waste utilization, high strength and light weight has extremely important significance for saving energy and reducing carbon dioxide emission. Foam concrete draws more and more attention by virtue of the characteristics of high flow state, light weight, heat preservation, excellent fire resistance and the like. The traditional foam concrete is a light heat-insulating material containing a large number of closed air holes, which is formed by uniformly mixing cement paste and foam through a chemical or physical foaming method, performing on-site construction or mold forming through a pumping system of a foaming machine and performing natural maintenance. But has the disadvantages that cement is mainly used as a raw material at present, the production process has considerable energy consumption, and products have the problems of low strength, large minimum molding density, easy die collapse and large drying shrinkage, so that the application of the foam concrete is limited to a certain extent. Therefore, the foam concrete with excellent comprehensive performance is prepared by utilizing industrial waste materials, and has important ecological, economic and social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the preparation method of the normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material, the production process of the preparation method does not use cement, the variety of the required raw materials is less, the preparation process is simple, the stress of foam in mixed slurry is fully considered, the tendency of merging and floating of bubbles is effectively inhibited, the strength of the material is improved, the phenomena of die collapse and dry shrinkage are obviously reduced, and the density of a product is 200kg/m3-1200kg/m3The composite material has excellent comprehensive performance and wide application prospect in the fields of building energy conservation and engineering.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems: a preparation method of a normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material comprises the following steps:
taking solid waste base micro powder, an alkali activator, water and a foaming agent as raw materials, giving the density of a heat insulation material, determining the mixture ratio of the raw materials according to the density of the heat insulation material, carrying out a small batch experiment, and measuring the yield stress of mixed slurry formed by foam prepared from the solid waste base micro powder, the alkali activator, the water and the foaming agent by using a yield stress meter
(ii) a Density measurement of mixed slurries using densitometer
S represents a bulbStability of foam in the foam, to be satisfied
1 or more, wherein g =9.8N/kg, the larger the S, the better the bubble stability;
preparing the material by a physical foaming mode to meet the average diameter of bubblesdThe required foam is obtained while controlling the density of bubbles to 30-70kg/m3Within the range; if the average diameter and the density of bubbles in the foam prepared by the foaming agent cannot meet the requirements, the type of the foaming agent, the mass ratio of the foaming agent to water and the material composition are debugged to determine the material composition which finally meets the requirements;
and (4) carrying out actual production according to the material composition finally meeting the requirements to obtain the normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material.
After the foaming agent meeting the requirements of the average diameter and the density of the bubbles is obtained, the defoaming rate of the mixed slurry is measured again, the corresponding free water amount is calculated, meanwhile, the foam using amount is increased on the basis of the original mixing proportion, the free water using amount is reduced, and the final material composition meeting the requirements is determined.
The actual production process comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing an alkali activator with water to form an alkaline solution, and standing for 24 hours in advance; pouring the solid waste base micro powder into a stirring instrument, and stirring and mixing uniformly; foaming by the foaming agent to obtain foam with the required average diameter of bubbles;
then pouring the alkali solution after standing into the stirred solid waste base micro powder, uniformly stirring at a low speed to form a clear slurry, measuring a foaming agent for preparing foam, and uniformly stirring the foam and the clear slurry to form a mixed slurry;
and finally, filling the newly-mixed slurry into a mold, leveling but not compacting, laminating and curing for 24 hours under natural conditions, then removing the mold, and placing the mold in a standard curing room for curing.
The solid waste base micro powder consists of fly ash, slag, coal gangue and steel slag, and the mass ratio of the fly ash to the slag to the coal gangue to the steel slag is 2:2:1: 1; the alkali activator comprises liquid sodium silicate and solid sodium hydroxide, and the mass ratio of the liquid sodium silicate to the solid sodium hydroxide is (10-13): 1.
The density of the normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material obtained by the preparation method of the normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material is 200-1200 kg/m3The compressive strength is 0.5 to 44.98MPa, the flexural strength is 0.22 to 13.86MPa, and the thermal conductivity is 0.07W/(mK) to 0.249W/(mK).
The heat-insulating material obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention is maintained under natural conditions, steam maintenance is not needed, the heat-insulating material is maintained outdoors, normal water retention measures are provided, and the heat-insulating material with low density and high strength can be obtained without the phenomenon of die collapse.
The invention can also be based on the formula
On the premise of setting the average diameter of bubbles, measuring the yield stress of mixed slurry (foam and net slurry mixture) and the density of the mixed slurry, measuring the diameters of the bubbles of foams prepared by different foaming agents, and giving the stability of the bubbles of the different foaming agents in the mixed slurry, wherein the larger the S value is, the better the stability of the bubbles is, and then selecting the foaming agent with the optimal comprehensive performance under the current ratio, and further obtaining the heat-insulating material with the optimal comprehensive performance under the same condition.
The normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material obtained by the preparation method comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-1000 parts of solid waste base micro powder, 40-450 parts of alkali activator, 30-400 parts of water and 0.1-2 parts of foaming agent; the solid waste base micro powder is one or a mixture of more than two of fly ash, slag, coal gangue, steel slag, iron tailings, red mud and the like; the alkali activator is one or a mixture of more than two of solid sodium silicate, liquid potassium silicate, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, preferably, the alkali activator is liquid sodium silicate, and the modulus is 1.0-3.3; the foaming agent is a single solution or a mixed solution of a plant protein foaming agent, an anion foaming agent, an animal protein foaming agent and an SCR tail gas purification liquid.
Further, the particle size of the solid waste base micro powder is 1-100 mu m.
Furthermore, the heat insulation material has wide application prospect in the fields of building energy conservation and engineering, can be applied to structural members and non-structural members of a bearing structure to realize the integration of a heat insulation structure, and can also be applied to road widening engineering, soft foundation embankment bridge head bumping, road backfilling and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a preparation method of a normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material, which utilizes the characteristic of early strength and quick setting of alkali-activated reaction and adopts a physical foaming mode to foam, wherein the physical foaming mode is to prefabricate foam by a foaming machine and then add the prefabricate foam into prepared neat paste in a mechanical stirring mode, so that the problems that the chemical foaming mode is greatly influenced by external conditions such as temperature and the like, and the prepared foam concrete is unstable and the chemical reaction process is dangerous are avoided. A bubble stability formula is provided based on the stress of the foam in the mixed slurry, so that the merging tendency of bubbles is effectively inhibited, and the practical application is facilitated.
The invention considers the defoaming rate of the foam concrete, under the condition of certain water-cement ratio and stirring speed, the corresponding free water amount is obtained by calculating the defoaming rate of the foam concrete under different densities, the part of the free water amount is removed in advance on the basis of the original mixing ratio, meanwhile, the foam consumption is increased on the basis of the original mixing ratio, and the foam concrete is prepared by utilizing the improved preparation method of the foam concrete. On the premise of not changing the density of the foam concrete, the mix proportion is redesigned only by simple calculation, the process is simple, the effect is obvious, and compared with the preparation method before improvement, the compressive strength of the foam concrete is improved by 36.6 percent to the maximum.
The preparation method is provided based on the stress analysis of the foam in the mixed slurry, the foaming agent is selected by using a formula, the contact process of the foam and the clean slurry is fully considered, the prepared mixed slurry has higher viscosity compared with cement-based foam concrete, the bubble merging trend is inhibited, the easy-to-appear die collapse phenomenon and bubble layering phenomenon of the foam concrete are effectively solved, the internal holes of the material are uniformly distributed, the diameter is small, the prepared heat insulation material has wide density range and excellent comprehensive performance, and the preparation method can be widely applied to the field of building energy conservation and the field of engineering. Meanwhile, a large amount of industrial waste residues can be recycled, and the effects of resource saving and environmental protection are achieved.
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material obtained by the preparation method is high-strength low-density foam concrete, and compared with the foam concrete prepared by the specification JGT266-3The corresponding compressive strength is 0.5-44.98 MPa, and the higher the density of the foam concrete is, the higher the compressive strength is. Compared with cement-based foam concrete, the compressive strength is improved by 152-749%, the early strength development rate is high, the high-strength heat-preservation and heat-insulation material can be prepared under the normal-temperature curing condition, and the application field of the material is greatly widened. The composite material can be applied to structural members and non-structural members of a bearing structure to realize the integration of a heat insulation structure, and can also be applied to road widening engineering, soft foundation embankment bump at the bridge head, road backfill, impact-resistant energy-absorbing materials and the like.
According to the invention, the prepared alkaline solution is kept stand for 24 hours in advance, and the alkaline activator and the solid substance are not added together for direct reaction, so that the alkaline activator is dissolved more fully, heat is released in advance, and the material strength is effectively improved. The curing mode is normal temperature curing, and the curing method does not need autoclaved curing, press forming and the phenomenon of strength shrinkage.
The invention fully utilizes industrial solid wastes on the premise of meeting the requirement of material strength, reduces carbon emission, has wide raw material sources, lower cost than the existing cement-based foam concrete, meets the requirement of sustainable development of the environment, and has high early strength, short form removal time and convenient turnover of moulds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a heat insulating material.
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the performance of the alkali-activated foam concrete of the different examples.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It should be understood that the formulations shown in the examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting, and that simple modifications of the formulations of the present invention based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material, which comprises the following steps:
taking solid waste base micro powder, an alkali activator, water and a foaming agent as raw materials, giving the density of a heat insulation material, determining the mixture ratio of the raw materials according to the density of the heat insulation material, carrying out a small batch experiment, and measuring the yield stress of mixed slurry formed by foam prepared from the solid waste base micro powder, the alkali activator, the water and the foaming agent by using a yield stress meter
(ii) a Density measurement of mixed slurries using densitometer
S represents bubble stability and is required to satisfy
1 or more, wherein the larger the S, the better the bubble stability; which foaming agent is used has less influence on the yield stress of the mixed slurry, and the yield stress of the mixed slurry is related to the size of bubbles of the generated foam;
measuring the defoaming rate of the mixed slurry, calculating the corresponding free water amount, and meanwhile, increasing the foam using amount on the basis of the original mixing ratio and reducing the free water using amount;
adopts different foaming agents to prepare the bubbles meeting the requirement of the average diameter of the bubbles by a physical foaming mode, and simultaneously the density of the bubbles is 30-70kg/m3Preferably 50kg/m3Left and right; if the average diameter and the density of bubbles in the foam prepared by the foaming agent cannot meet the requirements, the type of the foaming agent and the mass ratio of the foaming agent to water are debugged to determine the material composition which finally meets the requirements;
and (3) carrying out actual production according to the material composition which finally meets the requirements:
firstly, uniformly mixing an alkali activator, a water-alkali activator and water to form an alkaline solution, and standing for 24 hours in advance; pouring the solid waste base micro powder into a stirring instrument, and stirring and mixing uniformly; foaming by the foaming agent to obtain foam with the required average diameter of bubbles;
then pouring the alkali solution after standing into the stirred solid waste base micro powder, uniformly stirring at a low speed to form a clear slurry, measuring a proper amount of foaming agent for preparing foam, and uniformly stirring the foam and the clear slurry to form a mixed slurry;
and finally, filling the newly-mixed slurry into a mold, leveling but not compacting, laminating and curing for 24 hours under natural conditions, then removing the mold, and placing the mold in a standard curing room for curing.
Formula (II)
The derivation process of (1) is as follows:
1) in the mixed slurry, the bubbles are subjected to the buoyancy F of the mixed slurry in addition to the gravity G1And viscous resistance F2,
Represents the volume of the mixed slurry;
-yield stress of the mixed slurry (foam and net slurry mix);
-density of the mixed slurry;
-average diameter of the bubbles;
-the angle between the yield stress to which the bubble is subjected and the y-axis;
2) in order to keep the stability of the bubbles in the mixed slurry, the gravity of the bubbles is small and can be ignored, and the stress state of the bubbles can meet the following conditions:
3) substituting the formula (1) and the formula (2) into the formula (3) to obtain a bubble stability formula,
indicating bubble stability
According to the invention, the foam damage pre-compensation is considered for improving the strength of the foam concrete, and the formula composition of the material with the designed density is finally determined by increasing the foam according to the foam damage amount in the mix proportion design in advance and reducing the mix proportion of the corresponding free water amount.
All materials referred to in the examples of the present invention are commercially available.
Example 1
The heat preservation and insulation material for normal temperature curing comprises the following components in parts by weight:
978 parts of solid waste base micro powder (wherein, 326 parts of fly ash, 326 parts of 95-grade slag, 163 parts of coal gangue and 163 parts of steel slag with the ratio of 2:2:1: 1)
432 parts of an alkali activator; (396 parts of liquid sodium silicate and 36 parts of solid sodium hydroxide in a ratio of 12: 1)
0.12 part of foaming agent;
182 parts of water.
Taking solid waste base micro powder, an alkali activator, water and foam as raw materials, giving out the density of the heat preservation and insulation material by considering the defoaming rate of the foam, and carrying out heat preservation and insulation according to the densityDetermining material density, performing small-batch experiment, and measuring yield stress of mixed slurry composed of solid waste base micropowder, alkali activator, water and foam by using yield stress meter
Measuring the density of the mixed slurry using a densitometer
;
Measuring the defoaming rate of the mixed slurry, calculating the corresponding free water amount, and meanwhile, increasing the foam using amount on the basis of the original mixing ratio and reducing the free water using amount;
adopts different foaming agents (vegetable protein foaming agent, K12 anionic surfactant and 2A1 anionic surfactant) to prepare the bubbles meeting the requirement of the average diameter of the bubbles by a physical foaming mode, and simultaneously, the density of the bubbles is controlled to be 50kg/m3Nearby; if the diameter and the density of bubbles in the foam of the foaming agent cannot meet the requirements, the type of the foaming agent, the mass ratio of the foaming agent to water and the material ratio are debugged to determine the material composition which finally meets the requirements; the basic performance indexes of the three foaming agents are shown in table 1, and it can be seen that the vegetable protein foaming agent has the largest foaming multiple, the average diameter of the prepared bubbles is the largest, S is less than or equal to 1, and the stability of the bubbles is poor. The average diameter of the bubbles prepared by the K12 anionic surfactant and the 2A1 anionic surfactant meets the requirement, but the bubbles prepared by the 2A1 anionic surfactant are not uniform, the diameter distribution of the bubbles is not uniform, the merging phenomenon between adjacent bubbles is easy to occur, and the average diameter is changed, so the K12 anionic surfactant is preferably used.
And (3) carrying out actual production according to the material composition which finally meets the requirements:
s1, uniformly mixing the alkali activator and water according to the mixing proportion to form an alkaline solution, and standing for 24 hours in advance;
s2, weighing the solid waste base micro powder according to the mixing proportion, pouring the solid waste base micro powder into a stirring instrument, and stirring for 3-5 min until the solid waste base micro powder is uniformly mixed;
s3, weighing a proper amount of foaming agent, uniformly mixing the foaming agent and the water according to the mass ratio of 1: 20-100, placing the diluted foaming agent in a foaming machine, and starting the foaming machine to prepare foam to prepare the foam meeting the density requirement;
s4, pouring the prepared alkaline solution into the stirred dry material, and stirring at a low speed for 2-3 min;
s5, introducing the required foam into the clean slurry, stirring at a constant speed for 2-3 min, and ensuring that the prepared mixed slurry meets the density design by using a wet volume weight measurement method;
and S6, filling the newly mixed slurry into a mold, leveling but not compacting, laminating and curing for 24 hours under natural conditions, then removing the mold, and placing the mold in a standard curing room for curing.
The basic performance indexes of different foaming agents and the mechanical properties of the prepared heat-insulating material in the embodiment are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 basic performance indexes of three foaming agents and mechanical properties of prepared test pieces
Note: s =1 corresponds to an average bubble diameter of 0.55 μm.
Example 2
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
242 parts of solid waste base micro powder;
113 parts of alkali activator
1 part of foaming agent;
58 parts of water.
The normal temperature curing heat preservation and insulation material has the same material types and proportions in the solid waste base micro powder, material types and proportions in the alkali activator and the preparation method as in example 1.
Example 3
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
324 parts of solid waste base micro powder;
150 parts of an alkali activator;
0.86 part of foaming agent;
and 56 parts of water.
The normal temperature curing heat preservation and insulation material has the same material types and proportions in the solid waste base micro powder, material types and proportions in the alkali activator and the preparation method as in example 1.
Example 4
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
402 parts of solid waste base micro powder;
188 parts of alkali activator
0.73 part of foaming agent;
72 parts of water.
The normal temperature curing heat preservation and insulation material has the same material types and proportions in the solid waste base micro powder, material types and proportions in the alkali activator and the preparation method as in example 1.
Example 5
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
486 parts of solid waste base micro powder;
226 portions of alkali excitant
0.67 part of foaming agent;
86 parts of water.
The normal temperature curing heat preservation and insulation material has the same material types and proportions in the solid waste base micro powder, material types and proportions in the alkali activator and the preparation method as in example 1.
Example 6
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
644 parts of solid waste base micro powder;
alkali activator 301 parts
0.50 part of foaming agent;
and 118 parts of water.
The normal temperature curing heat preservation and insulation material has the same material types and proportions in the solid waste base micro powder, material types and proportions in the alkali activator and the preparation method as in example 1.
Example 7
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
805 parts of solid waste base micro powder;
alkali activator 387 parts
0.31 part of foaming agent;
and 150 parts of water.
The normal temperature curing heat preservation and insulation material has the same material types and proportions in the solid waste base micro powder, material types and proportions in the alkali activator and the preparation method as in example 1.
Example 8
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
162 parts of solid waste base micro powder;
73 parts of alkali activator
1 part of foaming agent;
42 parts of water.
The normal temperature curing heat preservation and insulation material has the same material types and proportions in the solid waste base micro powder, material types and proportions in the alkali activator and the preparation method as in example 1.
Example 9
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
solid waste base micropowder 162 parts (fly ash 38 parts, slag 70 parts, steel slag 54 parts)
Alkali activator 73 parts (liquid sodium silicate 67 parts, potassium hydroxide 6 parts)
1 part of foaming agent;
42 parts of water.
The preparation method of the normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material is the same as that of the example 1.
The normal-temperature curing heat-insulating material obtained in the above example is alkali-activated foam concrete, and the performance of the alkali-activated foam concrete is tested according to the requirements of specification JGT266-2011 foam concrete.
The properties of the alkali-activated foam concrete prepared in examples 1 to 8 and 9 were tested:
(1) dry density;
(2) fluidity;
(3) compressive strength;
(4) the breaking strength;
(5) thermal conductivity coefficient.
Specific test results are shown in the following table, in example 1, the sample performance test after the defoaming treatment was performed using K12 anionic surfactant as the foaming agent, and in all other examples, the test results after the defoaming treatment were performed.
From the above table, the properties of the thermal insulation material prepared by the invention meet the regulations in JGT 266-; the composition of the solid waste base micro powder and the composition of the alkali activator in the comparative example 1 are different from those in the example 8, but the performances are almost the same as those in the example 8; example 4, when the dry density is 599kg/m, the compressive strength is 4.97MPa after 28 days, and the thermal conductivity is 0.13W/(m · K), under the same conditions, the compressive strength of the heat preservation and insulation material prepared by considering the defoaming rate and the stability is improved by 135% compared with the compressive strength of the prior art; the dry density of the method for carrying out dry harvest according to the embodiment 1 is 1250kg/m, the compressive strength reaches 44.98MPa after 28 days, the thermal conductivity is 0.25W/(m.K), and the method can be used for bearing members of low-rise building structures and realizes integration of heat insulation structures. The heat-insulating material prepared by the preparation method has higher strength, lower density, better heat-insulating property and no die collapse phenomenon under the same condition. The sample in the apparent appearance of the alkali-excited foamed concrete is compact and flat, and the pores are uniform.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material comprises the following steps:
taking solid waste base micro powder, an alkali activator, water and a foaming agent as raw materials, giving the density of a heat-insulating material, and determining the raw material proportion according to the density of the heat-insulating material to carry out a small-batch experiment;
measuring the yield stress tau of mixed slurry formed by foam prepared from solid waste base micro powder, alkali activator, water and foaming agent by using a yield stress metery(ii) a Measurement of Density ρ of Mixed slurry Using densitometermS represents the stability of bubbles in the foam and is required to satisfy
Wherein g is 9.8N/kg, d represents the average diameter of the bubbles, and the larger the S, the better the bubble stability;
preparing foam meeting the requirement of the average diameter d of bubbles by a physical foaming mode, and controlling the density of the bubbles to be 30-70kg/m3Within the range; if the average diameter and the density of bubbles in the foam prepared by the foaming agent cannot meet the requirements, the type of the foaming agent, the mass ratio of the foaming agent to water and the material composition are debugged; after the foaming agent meeting the requirements of the average diameter and the density of bubbles is obtained, the defoaming rate of the mixed slurry is measured, the corresponding free water amount is calculated, meanwhile, the foam using amount is increased on the basis of the original mixing proportion, the free water using amount is reduced, and the material composition meeting the requirements finally is determined;
and (4) carrying out actual production according to the material composition finally meeting the requirements to obtain the normal-temperature curing heat-preservation and heat-insulation material.
2. The method for preparing the normal-temperature curing heat-preserving and heat-insulating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the actual production process comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly mixing an alkali activator with water to form an alkaline solution, and standing for 24 hours in advance; pouring the solid waste base micro powder into a stirring instrument, and stirring and mixing uniformly; foaming by the foaming agent to obtain foam with the required average diameter of bubbles;
then pouring the alkali solution after standing into the stirred solid waste base micro powder, uniformly stirring at a low speed to form a clear slurry, measuring a foaming agent for preparing foam, and uniformly stirring the foam and the clear slurry to form a mixed slurry;
and finally, filling the newly-mixed slurry into a mold, leveling but not compacting, laminating and curing for 24 hours under natural conditions, then removing the mold, and placing the mold in a standard curing room for curing.
3. The preparation method of the normal-temperature curing heat-preserving and heat-insulating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid waste base micro powder is one or a mixture of more than two of fly ash, slag, coal gangue, steel slag, iron tailings and red mud; the alkali activator is one or a mixture of more than two of solid sodium silicate, liquid potassium silicate, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and the modulus of the alkali activator is 1.0-3.3; the foaming agent is a single solution or a mixed solution of a plant protein foaming agent, an anion foaming agent, an animal protein foaming agent and an SCR tail gas purification liquid, and the mass ratio of the foaming agent to water is 1: 20-100.
4. The method for preparing an ambient curing heat-insulating material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the solid waste base fine powder is 1 to 100 μm.
5. The method for preparing an ambient curing heat-insulating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula is shown in the figure
On the premise of setting the average diameter of bubbles, measuring the yield stress of the mixed slurry and the density of the mixed slurry, measuring the diameters of the bubbles of foams prepared by different foaming agents, and giving the stability of the bubbles of the different foaming agents in the mixed slurry, wherein the larger the S value is, the better the stability of the bubbles is, and further selecting the foaming agent with the optimal comprehensive performance under the current proportion to prepare the heat-insulating material with the optimal comprehensive performance.
6. The preparation method of the normal-temperature curing heat-preserving and heat-insulating material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the normal-temperature curing heat-preserving and heat-insulating material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-1000 parts of solid waste base micro powder, 40-450 parts of alkali activator, 30-400 parts of water and 0.1-2 parts of foaming agent.
7. The preparation method of the normal-temperature curing heat-preserving and heat-insulating material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the solid waste base micro powder consists of fly ash, slag, coal gangue and steel slag, and the mass ratio of the fly ash, the slag, the coal gangue and the steel slag is 2:2:1: 1; the alkali activator comprises liquid sodium silicate and solid sodium hydroxide, and the mass ratio of the liquid sodium silicate to the solid sodium hydroxide is 10-13: 1.
8. The method for producing an ambient curing heat-insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the density of the ambient curing heat-insulating material obtained by the production method is 200 to 1200kg/m3The compression strength is 0.5-44.98 MPa, and the breaking strength is 0.22-13.86 MPa.
9. The method for preparing an ambient curing heat-insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the ambient curing heat-insulating material obtained by the preparation method can be applied to structural members and non-structural members of a load-bearing structure.
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