CN114145466B - Automatic Chinese chestnut cutting equipment - Google Patents

Automatic Chinese chestnut cutting equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114145466B
CN114145466B CN202111256985.0A CN202111256985A CN114145466B CN 114145466 B CN114145466 B CN 114145466B CN 202111256985 A CN202111256985 A CN 202111256985A CN 114145466 B CN114145466 B CN 114145466B
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chestnut
main motion
cutting
feeding
automatic
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CN114145466A (en
Inventor
王玉彬
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North China University of Science and Technology
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North China University of Science and Technology
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23NMACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N5/00Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
    • A23N5/006Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts for chestnuts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/003Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B15/00Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • B08B15/007Fume suction nozzles arranged on a closed or semi-closed surface, e.g. on a circular, ring-shaped or rectangular surface adjacent the area where fumes are produced

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses automatic chestnut cutting equipment which comprises a feeding device, a sorting and arranging device, a vibration shaping device, a laser cutting device and a smoke exhausting device, wherein the feeding device is used for feeding chestnut; the feeding device adopts a multi-inclined-plane feeding sorting system, so that castanea henryi and common castanea henryi are effectively separated, automatic morphological adjustment of castanea henryi is realized by adopting a vibration shaping device, the cutting speed of a laser cutter is high, no residue exists, the cutting depth is convenient to adjust, and the smoke exhausting device filters smoke generated by cutting through a particle collecting bag and then exhausts the smoke into the air, so that pollution-free emission is realized; the equipment solves the problems that the labor intensity of manual incision is high, the efficiency is low, the incision is not uniform, the incision depth can not be adjusted when semi-automatic small equipment is adopted for cutting, nuts are easy to damage, and the cutting tool pollutes the nuts.

Description

Automatic Chinese chestnut cutting equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to equipment in the field of nut processing, in particular to automatic chestnut cutting equipment.
Background
The chestnut is a common leisure food, but the problem of separating the inner shell (commonly called as red skin) and the chestnut kernel of the chestnut is a difficult problem which always puzzles a large number of chestnut processing enterprises, at present, the chestnut processing factories mostly adopt a method of combining gas jet equipment separation after manual cutting to obtain the chestnut kernel, although automation is realized to a certain extent, the precondition of the chestnut processing factories, namely cutting, is always in a manual mode, the working efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, the labor cost of enterprises is increased year by year, the uniformity of the manual cutting is poor, the cut damage rate of the nuts is high, and the loss of raw materials of enterprises is also relatively large.
At present, the cutting equipment in the domestic market mainly comprises small semi-automatic equipment, and is mainly single-grain feeding during feeding, and the cutting depth cannot be adjusted in real time, so that the phenomenon that the shells are not cut thoroughly or the nuts are cut is easily caused. Generally, the feeding structure adopts a mode of combining chain plates with rubber molds to convey materials, so that the adaptability is poor, and the feeding speed is low. The cutting tool is generally a metal tool, is not wear-resistant, is easy to have metal residues, is harmful to body health, is easy to cause unqualified detection in export, and causes loss for enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide automatic chestnut cutting equipment, which solves the problems that the manual and small semi-automatic equipment is used for cutting, the working efficiency is low, the cutting damage rate of nuts is high, the quality of the cutting cannot be ensured, large-scale subsequent deep processing cannot be performed, the material loss is caused for enterprises, and the enterprise cost is increased.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an automatic Chinese chestnut cutting device comprises a feeding device, a sorting and arranging device, a vibration shaping device, a laser cutting device and a smoke discharging device.
The feeding device mainly comprises a hopper, a feeding plate, a separation plate, a reciprocating connecting rod, a motor and a blank alarm, wherein the separation plate is arranged on the feeding plate, the upper part of the reciprocating connecting rod is connected with the feeding plate, the lower part of the reciprocating connecting rod is connected with the motor, and the blank alarm is arranged in a bin;
the sorting and arranging device mainly comprises an upper guide plate, a castanea henryi collecting basket, a dividing partition plate, an electromagnetic discharger,
The device comprises a carrier roller, a conveying belt, a lower guide plate and a speed reducing motor, wherein the upper guide plate is positioned above the conveying belt, the castanea henryi collecting basket is positioned below the electromagnetic discharger, the electromagnetic discharger is positioned above the head of the conveying belt, the lane separating plate is positioned above the conveying belt, the carrier roller is positioned below the conveying belt and drives the conveying belt to rotate, the speed reducing motor is connected with the carrier roller, and the lower guide plate is positioned below the tail of the conveying belt;
the vibration shaping device mainly comprises a main motion motor, a main motion screw rod, a main motion nut, a wave-shaped vibration tray and a vibrator, wherein the main motion motor is connected with the main motion screw rod, the main motion nut is connected with the main motion screw rod, the wave-shaped vibration tray is connected with the main motion nut and is positioned above the main motion nut, the vibrator is connected with the main motion screw rod and the wave-shaped vibration tray, and the main motion screw rod is positioned below the wave-shaped vibration tray;
the laser cutting and discharging device mainly comprises a laser generator, a focusing mirror, a reflecting mirror, a focusing reflecting mirror, a feed guide rail, a discharging brush and a waste collecting device, wherein the laser cutting and discharging device is integrally arranged above the vibration shaping device, the reflecting mirror moves along the feed guide rail in the X direction, the focusing reflecting mirror can move along the feed guide rail in the X direction and in the Y direction, and the discharging brush moves along the discharging guide rail in the Y direction;
the smoke exhaust device mainly comprises a housing, an axial flow fan, a particle collection bag and a flue, wherein the smoke exhaust device is integrally arranged above the wave vibration shaping device, the axial flow fan is arranged in the housing, the particle collection bag is arranged behind the axial flow fan, and the flue is arranged behind the particle collection bag.
The top of the feeding plate is in a slope shape, and the thickness of the feeding plate is 1.2 times of the average maximum width of the Chinese chestnut.
The partition plate is triangular in shape.
The reciprocating connecting rod adopts a crank sliding block structure.
The upper guide plate surface is provided with the channel dividing groove.
The conveyor belt runs at an oblique angle.
And power transmission is carried out between the carrier rollers by adopting a chain or a belt.
The wavy vibration tray performs intermittent stepping motion along the X direction, and the vibrator is driven by a vibration motor to vibrate at a certain frequency.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to produce lie in:
1. the invention adopts the original multi-inclined-plane feeding sorting system, can effectively separate the castanea henryi from the common castanea henryi, has fast feeding sorting speed and high efficiency, and can improve the commodity quality of the castanea henryi;
2. the multi-inclined-plane feeding sorting system adopted by the invention can realize multi-stage sorting of the Chinese chestnut, and can change the size of the selected Chinese chestnut by changing the thickness of the feeding plate and the feeding plate, so that the feeding sorting of several different grades of Chinese chestnut can be realized in one device, and the cost is saved for enterprises;
3. the invention adopts the vibration shaping device to realize automatic morphological adjustment of the Chinese chestnut, is not influenced by the size of the Chinese chestnut, lays a good foundation for subsequent laser cutting, and is convenient for subsequent procedures;
4. the invention adopts the laser cutter to cut the Chinese chestnut, has high speed and no residue, and the cutting depth can be adjusted according to the size of the Chinese chestnut, so the adjustment operation is convenient, and the automatic, efficient, lossless and pollution-free incision operation of the Chinese chestnut is basically realized.
5. The invention adopts the smoke collection device, and the smoke particles generated by laser cutting are collected through the particle collection bag, and the purified gas is discharged into the air, so that the environment pollution is avoided, the health of workers is facilitated, and the occupational diseases of the operators are reduced.
6. The equipment provided by the invention really realizes automatic operation of chestnut cuts, can be applied to deep processing production lines of chestnut in enterprises, can be independently used, can separate and cut chestnut of different sizes, realizes multiple purposes by one machine, saves enterprise cost, and is suitable for enterprises with deep processing requirements on chestnut.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sorting and arranging apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a vibration shaping apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the laser cutting discharge device of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smoke collecting device.
In the figure: 1. feeding device 2, sorting and arranging device 3, vibration shaping device 4, laser cutting device 5, smoke discharging device 6, hopper 7, feeding plate 8, partition plate 9, reciprocating connecting rod 10, motor 11, cone collecting basket 12, electromagnetic discharger 13, upper guide plate 14, partition plate 15, carrier roller 16, conveyor belt 17, lower guide plate 18, main motion motor 19, main motion screw 20, main motion nut 21, vibrator 22, wave-shaped vibration tray 23, bearing seat 24, focusing mirror 25, reflecting mirror 26, focusing mirror 27, discharge brush guide rail 28, discharge brush 29, housing 30, axial flow fan 31, particle collecting bag 32, flue
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more apparent and fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "X-direction" and "Y-direction" are based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply a specific position, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
An automatic Chinese chestnut cutting device comprises a feeding device 1, a sorting and arranging device 2, a vibration shaping device 3, a laser cutting device 4 and a smoke discharging device 5.
The feeding device mainly comprises a hopper 6, a feeding plate 7, a separation plate 8, a reciprocating connecting rod 9, a motor 10 and a blank alarm, wherein the separation plate 8 is arranged on the feeding plate 7, the upper part of the reciprocating connecting rod 9 is connected with the feeding plate 7, the lower part of the reciprocating connecting rod 9 is connected with the motor 10, and the blank alarm is arranged in a stock bin;
the working process of the feeding device comprises the following steps: the chestnut is initially piled up in the hopper 6, the loading plate 7 vertically reciprocates up and down, and as the top of the loading plate 7 is in a slope shape (dotted line part), when the loading plate 7 moves downwards from A to B, the chestnut can be filled into the top of the loading plate 7 due to the action of gravity, the thickness of the loading plate 7 is 1.2 times of the average maximum width of the chestnut, so that less than 2 chestnuts can be accommodated, and the triangular separation plate 8 (delta ACE) is arranged at the top of the loading plate 7, so that the chestnut cannot be vertically piled up on the loading plate 7. The Chinese chestnut moves upwards along with the feeding plate 7 from C to D, and when the CD points are overlapped, the Chinese chestnut slides down along the upper guide plate 13 to the next procedure, so that feeding sorting of the Chinese chestnut is completed. The reciprocating connecting rod 9 adopts a crank sliding block structure, so that the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the feeding plate 7 is realized, and the motor 10 provides power.
The sorting and arranging device 2 mainly comprises an upper guide plate 13, a castanea henryi collecting basket 11, a lane separation baffle 14, an electromagnetic discharger 12, a carrier roller 15, a conveying belt 16, a lower guide plate 17 and a speed reducing motor, wherein the upper guide plate 13 is positioned above the conveying belt 16, the castanea henryi collecting basket 11 is positioned below the electromagnetic discharger 12, the electromagnetic discharger 12 is positioned above the head of the conveying belt 16, the lane separation baffle 14 is positioned above the conveying belt 16, the carrier roller 15 is positioned below the conveying belt 16 and drives the conveying belt 16 to rotate, the speed reducing motor is connected with the carrier roller 15, and the lower guide plate 17 is positioned below the tail part of the conveying belt 16;
the working process of the sorting and arranging device 2 comprises the following steps: the Chinese chestnut falls onto the conveyer belt 16 along the slide way of the upper guide plate 13, and the surface of the upper guide plate 13 is provided with a channel dividing groove, so that the Chinese chestnut cannot collide with each other and interfere in the falling process, and the structure is shown in figure 3. The dividing partition 14 is installed above the working surface of the conveyer belt 16, meanwhile, the conveyer belt 16 is inclined at a certain angle and moves along the directions of A, C, D, B and A, when the round castanea henryi falls on the surface, the castanea henryi continuously rolls downwards, the castanea henryi with a flat surface and a hemispherical shape rolls over and contacts the conveyer belt 16 in a plane to ascend along with the conveyer belt 16, and then falls onto the vibration shaping tray 22 equipment in the next procedure along the lower guide plate 17. The discharging switch is a movable partition board controlled by electromagnetic, is opened at certain time intervals, and discharges castanea henryi and collects the castanea henryi under the movable partition board.
The vibration shaping device 3 mainly comprises a main motion motor 18, a main motion screw rod 19, a main motion nut 20, a wave-shaped vibration tray 22 and a vibrator 21, wherein the main motion motor 19 is connected with the main motion screw rod 19, the main motion nut 20 is connected with the main motion screw rod 19, the wave-shaped vibration tray 22 is connected with the main motion nut 20 and is positioned above the main motion screw rod, the vibrator 21 is connected with the main motion screw rod 19 and the wave-shaped vibration tray 22, and the main motion screw rod 19 is positioned below the wave-shaped vibration tray 22;
the working process of the vibration shaping device 3 comprises the following steps: the chestnut falls into the wavy vibration tray 22 from the last step process, the main motion motor 18 drives the main motion screw 19 to rotate, the main motion nut 20 connected with the main motion screw 19 drives the tray to do intermittent stepping motion along the X direction, each time a wave interval moves rightwards, feeding is stopped when all the wave grooves of the tray are filled, the vibration motor is started, the vibrator 21 is driven to vibrate for a certain time at a certain frequency, the chestnut can form a basically consistent transverse arrangement state due to the distribution of the gravity center of the chestnut, and the next step cutting process can be performed at the moment.
The laser cutting and discharging device mainly comprises a laser generator, a focusing mirror 25, a reflecting mirror 26, a focusing reflecting mirror 26, a feed guide rail, a discharging brush guide rail 27, a discharging brush 28 and a waste collecting device, wherein the laser cutting device 4 is integrally arranged above the vibration shaping device 3, the reflecting mirror 26 moves along the feed guide rail in the X direction, the focusing reflecting mirror 26 can move along the feed guide rail in the X direction and can move along the Y direction, and the discharging brush 28 moves along the discharging brush guide rail 27 in the Y direction;
the working process of the laser cutting device 4 comprises the following steps: the high-energy laser beam is generated by a laser generator, the light path of the laser generator is used for completing light direction conversion and focusing (X-Y-Z) through the reflecting mirror 25, the feeding system carries the movable focusing reflecting mirror 26 to move along the X direction, the focusing reflecting mirror 26 can move along the guide rail in the Y direction, the transverse and longitudinal movement of the light beam in the horizontal plane is realized, the discharge brush 28 transversely moves along the discharge brush guide rail 27 after cutting, and the cut Chinese chestnut is pushed into the collecting device.
The smoke exhaust device 5 mainly comprises a housing 29, an axial fan 30, a particle collection bag 31 and a flue 32, the smoke exhaust device 5 is integrally positioned above the wave vibration shaping device 3, and the axial fan 30 is positioned above the housing 29.
The working process of the smoke discharging device 5 comprises the following steps: the smoke generated after the laser cutting of the chestnut is sucked into the particle collecting bag 31 by the axial flow fan 30, and the purified gas is discharged into the air through the flue 32 after being filtered and absorbed by the particle collecting bag.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Automatic cutting equipment of chinese chestnut, its characterized in that: comprises a feeding device (1), a sorting and arranging device (2), a vibration shaping device (3), a laser cutting device (4) and a smoke exhausting device (5);
the feeding device (1) mainly comprises a hopper (6), a feeding plate (7), a partition plate (8), a reciprocating connecting rod (9) and a motor (10), wherein the partition plate (8) is arranged on the feeding plate (7), the upper part of the reciprocating connecting rod (9) is connected with the feeding plate (7), and the lower part of the reciprocating connecting rod (9) is connected with the motor (10);
the sorting and arranging device (2) mainly comprises an upper guide plate (13), a cone chestnut collecting basket (11), a channel separation baffle (14), an electromagnetic discharger (12), a carrier roller (15), a conveying belt (16), a lower guide plate (17) and a speed reducing motor, wherein the upper guide plate (13) is positioned above the conveying belt (16), the cone chestnut collecting basket (11) is positioned below the electromagnetic discharger (12), the electromagnetic discharger (12) is positioned above the head of the conveying belt (16), the channel separation baffle (14) is positioned above the conveying belt (16), the carrier roller (15) is positioned below the conveying belt (16) and drives the carrier roller (15) to rotate, the speed reducing motor is connected with the carrier roller (15), and the lower guide plate (17) is positioned below the tail of the conveying belt (16).
The vibration shaping device (3) mainly comprises a main motion motor (18), a main motion screw (19), a main motion nut (20), a wave-shaped vibration tray (22), a vibrator (21) and a bearing seat (23), wherein the main motion motor (18) is connected with the main motion screw (19), the main motion nut (20) is connected with the main motion screw (19), the wave-shaped vibration tray (22) is connected with the main motion nut (20) and is positioned above the main motion screw, the vibrator (21) is connected with the main motion screw (19) and the wave-shaped vibration tray (22), and the main motion screw (19) is positioned below the wave-shaped vibration tray (22);
the laser cutting discharging device (4) mainly comprises a laser generator, a focusing mirror (24), a reflecting mirror (25), a focusing reflecting mirror (26), a feed guide rail, a discharging brush guide rail (27) and a discharging brush (28), wherein the laser cutting discharging device (4) is integrally arranged above the vibration shaping device (3), the reflecting mirror (25) moves along the feed guide rail in the X direction, the focusing reflecting mirror (26) can move along the feed guide rail in the X direction and also can move along the Y direction, and the discharging brush (28) moves along the discharging brush guide rail (27) in the Y direction;
the smoke exhaust device (5) mainly comprises a housing (29), an axial flow fan (30), a particle collection bag (31) and a flue (32), the smoke exhaust device (5) is integrally located above the wave vibration shaping device (3), the axial flow fan (30) is located in the housing (29), the particle collection bag (31) is located behind the axial flow fan (30), and the flue (32) is located behind the particle collection bag (31).
2. An automatic chestnut cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the loading plate (7) is ramp-shaped.
3. An automatic chestnut slitting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the thickness of the loading plate (7) is 1.2 times the average maximum width of the chestnut.
4. An automatic chestnut cutting device according to claim 1, said dividing plate (8) being triangular.
5. An automatic chestnut cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the reciprocating connecting rod (9) adopts a crank-slider structure.
6. An automatic chestnut cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that said upper deflector (13) plate surface is provided with said channeling grooves.
7. An automatic chestnut cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that said conveyor belt (16) runs at an oblique angle.
8. An automatic chestnut cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that said idlers (15) are power-transmitted by means of a chain or belt.
9. An automatic chestnut cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that said undulating vibrating tray (22) is moved in intermittent steps in the X-direction.
10. An automatic chestnut cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that said vibrator (21) is driven by a vibrating motor to vibrate at a frequency.
CN202111256985.0A 2021-10-27 2021-10-27 Automatic Chinese chestnut cutting equipment Active CN114145466B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111256985.0A CN114145466B (en) 2021-10-27 2021-10-27 Automatic Chinese chestnut cutting equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111256985.0A CN114145466B (en) 2021-10-27 2021-10-27 Automatic Chinese chestnut cutting equipment

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CN114145466B true CN114145466B (en) 2023-09-26

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103519323A (en) * 2013-10-31 2014-01-22 潍坊英利广告工程有限公司 Eagle claw type automatic Chinese chestnut opening machine
CN205147833U (en) * 2015-11-02 2016-04-13 南京铁道职业技术学院 Worktable of cutting machine
BR202016023933U2 (en) * 2016-10-14 2018-05-02 Ideval Francisco Bezerra - Me CASHEW BROWN AUTOMATIC CUTTING PROCESSING MACHINE
CN208242779U (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-12-18 三峡大学 Chinese chestnut opening device
CN112567976A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-03-30 镇江市高等专科学校 Rotatable multi-degree-of-freedom fruit and vegetable picking and collecting device
CN112674354A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-20 安徽合益食品股份有限公司 Notching equipment before shelling of Chinese chestnut
CN113369711A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-10 金陵科技学院 Laser cutting equipment

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103519323A (en) * 2013-10-31 2014-01-22 潍坊英利广告工程有限公司 Eagle claw type automatic Chinese chestnut opening machine
CN205147833U (en) * 2015-11-02 2016-04-13 南京铁道职业技术学院 Worktable of cutting machine
BR202016023933U2 (en) * 2016-10-14 2018-05-02 Ideval Francisco Bezerra - Me CASHEW BROWN AUTOMATIC CUTTING PROCESSING MACHINE
CN208242779U (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-12-18 三峡大学 Chinese chestnut opening device
CN112674354A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-20 安徽合益食品股份有限公司 Notching equipment before shelling of Chinese chestnut
CN112567976A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-03-30 镇江市高等专科学校 Rotatable multi-degree-of-freedom fruit and vegetable picking and collecting device
CN113369711A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-10 金陵科技学院 Laser cutting equipment

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