CN114134044A - Method and system for culturing microalgae by using culture wastewater - Google Patents
Method and system for culturing microalgae by using culture wastewater Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of cultivation wastewater resource utilization, and relates to a method and a system for converting nutrients in cultivation wastewater. The method and the system provided by the invention are used for recycling treatment of the culture wastewater, a microalgae culture photobioreactor is designed, the process conditions are controlled by changing the illumination mode, the microalgae and the activated sludge are utilized to construct an algae-bacteria symbiotic system, the nutrient substances in the culture wastewater are enriched, and finally the purpose of resource recovery is realized through algae-water separation and microalgae harvesting. The invention mainly comprises a reactor cylinder, a built-in light source LED lamp tube, a bottom air pump, a micropore aeration device and an annular scraper stirrer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microalgae culture, and particularly relates to a method and a system for culturing microalgae by using culture wastewater.
Background
The livestock and poultry breeding industry in China develops rapidly in recent years and shows the trend of intensification and scale production, and the discharged wastewater and excrement and urine are continuously increased and gradually become pollution sources. Although some large-scale farms establish anaerobic fermentation tanks, how to treat the fermented wastewater is still a serious problem.
The culture of microalgae by using the culture wastewater is one of the current research hotspots, and has better prospect. A large number of researches find that domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, agricultural wastewater and the like can be used for culturing microalgae. The culture wastewater fermentation liquor contains small molecular organic substances, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient elements, and is suitable for microalgae to use for cell proliferation. The harvested microalgae can be used as a biomass raw material for development of feeds, energy sources, slow-release fertilizers and the like, and the resource utilization approach is rich. Related researches find that in the process of culturing microalgae, the microalgae can grow photoautotrophically under the condition of sufficient light source and can grow heterotrophically by utilizing organic compounds in the environment under the condition of light shortage, illumination is an environmental influence factor for the growth of the microalgae and the accumulation of metabolites of the microalgae, and photobioreactors for culturing the microalgae are gradually developed, such as a vertical tube bubble column reactor, a horizontal tube reactor, a stirring type reactor and the like. The existing microalgae culturing device usually mainly irradiates the surface of a glassware by an external light source at the outer side, so that the glassware cannot receive sufficient and uniform illumination. Along with the continuous reproduction of algae, the algae can adhere to the inner wall of the reactor, and the algae which is reproduced in large quantity can be continuously accumulated under the action of gravity and finally settled, so that the light transmittance of the reactor is reduced.
The invention provides a method and a system for cultivating microalgae and recycling culture wastewater, aiming at the problems, by designing a built-in lamp tube (sleeve) for providing illumination inside, a scraper blade and hairbrush structure for stirring and cleaning algae adhered to the inner wall of a reactor and the outer wall of the lamp sleeve, and a microporous aeration device can prevent the accumulation of algae at the bottom while aerating. The devices are uniformly connected to the motor, the automatic operation is realized by setting parameters through the central control box, the reactor is integrally prepared from transparent materials such as quartz or organic glass, the permeability is increased, the aim of culturing microalgae by using the reinforced culture wastewater is fulfilled, and the recycling value is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for culturing microalgae by using aquaculture wastewater, aiming at the current situations that the resource degree of the aquaculture wastewater is low and the microalgae culture technology has bottlenecks.
The invention provides a method for culturing microalgae by using culture wastewater, which is mainly used for optimally designing a photobioreactor, particularly changing the illumination form and realizing the efficient proliferation of the microalgae and the energy conservation in the culture process by using the culture wastewater. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) allowing the fermented aquaculture wastewater to enter a water inlet tank, standing in the water inlet tank for 24-48h, and diluting the upper layer liquid to control NH of aquaculture wastewater4 +The concentration of-N is 300-400 mg.L-1Controlling the pH value to be 6-8, and pumping the solution into a reactor column through a peristaltic pump and a pipeline at normal temperature;
(2) inoculating microalgae and flora in a reactor column, adjusting process parameters to optimize the operation of the reactor column, and enriching nutrient substances in fermentation liquor into the microalgae by culture; the technological parameters comprise that the stirring speed of the scraper stirrer 6 is 5-10 r/min, the illumination intensity of the LED lamp tube 7 is 3000-;
(3) and opening a sampling port of the reactor column after the microalgae are accumulated to a certain concentration, discharging the mixed solution from the reactor column through the action of gravity and a peristaltic pump, and collecting and feeding the mixed solution into a water outlet tank for subsequent treatment.
In the invention, 2-4 LED lamp tubes are used for ensuring the sufficiency of the additional light source.
In the invention, the operation mode of the reactor column adopts semi-continuous or sequencing batch mode, and the hydraulic retention time is 6-10 days.
In the invention, the illumination is operated by adopting natural illumination and artificial light source LED lamp tube compensation, and the light-dark cycle of each day is set to be 8-12h of illumination time and 12-16h of dark time.
In the invention, the reactor column is inoculated with one or more combinations of Scenedesmus obliquus, blue algae, chlorella or microalgae obtained by purifying and separating wastewater, the inoculation flora is one or more combinations of nitrobacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria or activated sludge, and the ratio (mass ratio) of the inoculated microalgae to the flora is 1:1, 2:1 or 5: 1.
The invention provides a system for cultivating microalgae by using culture wastewater, which consists of a water inlet tank, a peristaltic pump, a motor, a reactor column, a micropore aeration device, a scraper stirrer, an LED lamp tube, a glass sleeve, an air pump, a water outlet tank and a PLC system central control box, wherein: one end of the water inlet tank is connected with a sample inlet at one side of the upper part of the reactor column through a peristaltic pump and a pipeline, a motor is arranged at the top of the reactor column, an LED lamp tube is inserted into the reactor column, a glass sleeve is sleeved outside the LED lamp tube, a scraper stirrer is arranged in the reactor column, a micropore aeration device is arranged at the bottom in the reactor column, the micropore aeration device is connected with a PLC system central control box through a pipeline and the air pump, and a sample inlet at one side of the lower part of the reactor column is connected with a water outlet tank through a pipeline and the peristaltic pump; the two peristaltic pumps are respectively connected to a central control box of the PLC system.
In the invention, the material of the reactor column can be quartz, transparent organic glass or other transparent materials with certain heat preservation function, the configuration can adopt a box shape or a column shape, the length, the width or the diameter is set to be 20-40cm, and the height is 100-150 cm.
In the invention, scraper stirrers with brushes are arranged on the inner wall of the reactor column and the outer wall of the lamp tube glass sleeve.
Compared with the existing microalgae culture bioreactor, the reactor column is internally provided with vertical illumination, so that the internal algae can be fully illuminated, and further the microalgae can be better proliferated; a scraper with a brush is added in the reactor column to prevent algae from adhering to the outer wall of the lamp sleeve and the inner wall of the reactor, thereby blocking light transmission; the bottom of the reactor column is additionally provided with a microporous aeration device, so that the gas is provided, and simultaneously, algae can be prevented from being deposited on the bottom, and the scraper is assisted to stir. Meanwhile, the reactor column is provided with a PLC system central control box, and program control is set through a computer, so that manpower is greatly reduced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) adopts an algae bacterium symbiotic system to construct a photo-biological reaction system, thereby reducing CO2While O is produced by photosynthesis2Providing the strain, and the two are mutually symbiotic;
(2) the pH and dissolved oxygen can be better controlled, and the proliferation of microalgae and the enrichment of nutrient substances are further promoted;
(3) a light source is added in the reactor column, so that the algae in the reactor column can be fully illuminated under the condition of high microalgae concentration, and the reactor column can better play a role;
(4) the reactor column is internally provided with a scraper stirrer and connected to a motor, and is uniformly controlled by a central control box, and algae adhered to the inner wall and the outer wall of the lamp sleeve are regularly and periodically scraped off, so that the reactor is ensured to have higher light transmittance;
(5) the material adopted by the reactor column has a certain heat preservation effect, and the temperature condition of culture and action can be achieved only by proper adjustment, so that the cost is further saved;
(6) the bottom of the reactor column is provided with a micropore aeration device and an air pump, so that oxygen can be added at any time for aeration, the gas is more easily absorbed and utilized by the microalgae from bottom to top, and a certain stirring effect is achieved to prevent the microalgae from accumulating;
(7) the system realizes the purification of the aquaculture wastewater and the recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus resources, effectively reduces the energy consumption of aquaculture wastewater treatment and improves the recycling treatment efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1 is a water inlet tank, 2 is a peristaltic pump, 3 is a motor, 4 is a reactor column, 5 is a micropore aeration device, 6 is a scraper stirrer, 7 is an LED lamp tube, 8 is a glass sleeve, 9 is an air pump, 10 is a water outlet tank, and 11 is a PLC system central control tank.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by way of examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1: as shown in figure 1, the system used in the method for culturing microalgae by using aquaculture wastewater comprises a water inlet tank 1, a peristaltic pump 2, a motor 3, a reactor column 4, a micropore aeration device 5, a scraper stirrer 6, an LED lamp tube 7, a glass sleeve 8, an air pump 9, a water outlet tank 10 and a PLC system central control tank 11. Wherein: one end of the water inlet tank 1 is connected with a sample inlet at one side of the upper part of the reactor column 4 through a peristaltic pump 2 and a pipeline, the top of the reactor column 4 is provided with a motor 3, an LED lamp tube 7 is vertically inserted into the reactor column 4, a glass sleeve 8 is sleeved outside the LED lamp tube 7, a scraper stirrer 6 is arranged in the reactor column 4, a micropore aeration device 5 is arranged at the bottom in the reactor column 4, the micropore aeration device 5 is connected with a PLC system central control tank 11 through a pipeline and an air pump 9, and a sample inlet at one side of the lower part of the reactor column 4 is connected with a water outlet tank 10 through a pipeline and the peristaltic pump 2; the PLC system central control box 11 is respectively connected with the two peristaltic pumps 2. The diameter of the reactor column 4 is 20cm, the diameter of the glass sleeve of the internal lamp tube is 8 cm, the diameters of the upper end and the lower end of the reactor column and the glass sleeve of the internal lamp tube are the same, the reactor column and the glass sleeve are both cylindrical structures, and the space can be maximally utilized while the reactor column and the glass sleeve are kept stable. The reactor column 4 and the lamp tube sleeve 8 are made of transparent organic glass, the lamp tube sleeve 8 is welded inside the reactor column 4, the base of the LED lamp tube 7 is welded at the lower end of the lamp tube sleeve, water is added into the reactor column 4, and the water level is higher than the connecting part to ensure that no gap exists at the connecting part. After the inspection is finished, 2 LED lamp tubes 7 are inserted to ensure that light can be emitted in 360 degrees. The top sealing of the upper end of the reactor column 4 adopts a form of drilling and screwing, so that the reactor column can conveniently extend into a pH meter and a thermometer, and is beneficial to subsequent uncovering cleaning and maintenance. The length of a connecting pipe on the peristaltic pump 2 is 2000mm, the inner diameter is 4mm, the diameter of a pipe of the air pump 9 connected with the micropore aeration device 5 is 20-60 mm, and the connecting pipe is made of PVC. All the parts are installed, combined and fixed, and the air pump 9, the peristaltic pump 2 and the motor 3 are all connected to a central control box 11 of the PLC system.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
standing the aquaculture wastewater in a water storage tank for 48h, filtering to remove substances which are difficult to degrade such as gravel and the like, collecting upper-layer liquid, adding water for dilution, feeding the obtained diluted upper-layer liquid into a water inlet tank 1, and measuring NH (NH) in the period4 +-N concentration, when it reaches 300-400 mg.L-1Can be used immediately. The waste water in the water inlet tank 1 is pumped into a 25L reactor column 4 through a peristaltic pump 2 for subsequent microalgae cultivation, the initial concentrations of the inoculated chlorella and the activated sludge in the reactor column 4 are respectively 0.20 g/L and 0.04 g/L (namely the ratio (mass ratio) of the inoculated microalgae to the flora is 5:1), the temperature is 25 ℃ at normal temperature, the pH value is 7, the operation mode is semi-continuous operation, the light-dark cycle is 12h of illumination plus 12h of darkness, the hydraulic retention time is selected to be 6 days, and the scraper stirrer 5 is set to be 7 revolutions per minute. Sampling is carried out through sample outlets at the middle part and the bottom part of the reactor during the operation period of the reactor, and the concentration change of microalgae and the fluctuation of the conventional index of wastewater are observed. After the operation is carried out for 6 days, the mixed solution with the microalgae concentration of 1.7g/L is completely discharged from the sampling ports at the middle part and the bottom part under the action of gravity and the peristaltic pump 2, and is collected into the water outlet box 10 for subsequent microalgae harvesting. And finally, opening the upper cover of the reactor column 4, cleaning the inner wall of the reactor column 4 and the lamp tube glass sleeve 8, and maintaining the scraper stirrer 7, the LED lamp 6 and the motor 3.
Claims (8)
1. A method for culturing microalgae by using culture wastewater is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) allowing the fermented aquaculture wastewater to enter a water inlet tank, standing in the water inlet tank for 24-48h, and diluting the upper layer liquid to control NH of aquaculture wastewater4 +The concentration of-N is 300-400 mg.L-1Controlling the pH value to be 6-8, and pumping the solution into a reactor column through a peristaltic pump and a pipeline at normal temperature;
(2) inoculating microalgae and flora in a reactor column, adjusting process parameters to optimize the operation of the reactor column, and enriching nutrient substances in fermentation liquor into the microalgae by culture; the technological parameters comprise that the stirring speed of the scraper stirrer 6 is 5-10 r/min, and the illumination intensity of the LED lamp tube 7 is 3000-;
(3) and opening a sampling port of the reactor column after the microalgae are accumulated to a certain concentration, discharging the mixed solution from the reactor column through the action of gravity and a peristaltic pump, and collecting and feeding the mixed solution into a water outlet tank for subsequent treatment.
2. The method for cultivating microalgae using aquaculture wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the LED lamps are set to have 2-4 LED lamps to ensure the sufficiency of the additional light source.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the reactor column is operated in a semi-continuous or batch mode, and the hydraulic retention time is 6-10 days.
4. The method for culturing microalgae using aquaculture wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the illumination is performed by natural illumination and artificial light source LED lamp compensation, and the daily light-dark cycle is set to 8-12h of illumination time plus 12-16h of dark time.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microalgae inoculated into the reactor column is selected from Scenedesmus obliquus, cyanobacteria, chlorella or one or more combinations of microalgae purified and separated from wastewater, the inoculum flora is selected from one or more combinations of nitrifying bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria or activated sludge, and the ratio (mass ratio) of inoculated microalgae to the flora is selected from any one of 1:1, 2:1 or 5: 1.
6. The system used in the method for culturing microalgae by using aquaculture wastewater as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by consisting of a water inlet tank, a peristaltic pump, a motor, a reactor column, a micropore aeration device, a scraper stirrer, an LED lamp tube, a glass sleeve, an air pump, a water outlet tank and a PLC system central control tank, wherein: one end of the water inlet tank is connected with a sample inlet at one side of the upper part of the reactor column through a peristaltic pump and a pipeline, a motor is arranged at the top of the reactor column, an LED lamp tube is inserted into the reactor column, a glass sleeve is sleeved outside the LED lamp tube, a scraper stirrer is arranged in the reactor column, a micropore aeration device is arranged at the bottom in the reactor column, the micropore aeration device is connected with a PLC system central control box through a pipeline and the air pump, and a sample inlet at one side of the lower part of the reactor column is connected with a water outlet tank through a pipeline and the peristaltic pump; the PLC system central control box is respectively connected with two peristaltic pumps.
7. The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the reactor column is made of quartz, transparent plexiglass or other transparent materials with certain heat preservation effect, and is configured in a box shape or a column shape, with a length, width or diameter of 20-40cm and a height of 100-150 cm.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein scraper stirrers with brushes are provided on both the inner wall of the reactor column and the outer wall of the glass envelope of the lamp tube.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024216896A1 (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2024-10-24 | 重庆大学 | Suspended microalgae biofilm particle reactor and sewage treatment method |
| CN121674191A (en) * | 2026-02-11 | 2026-03-17 | 山东跃涛海洋科技有限公司 | Polysaccharide unicellular algae expanding culture system capable of automatically discharging sewage and application method |
-
2021
- 2021-12-10 CN CN202111504774.4A patent/CN114134044A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024216896A1 (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2024-10-24 | 重庆大学 | Suspended microalgae biofilm particle reactor and sewage treatment method |
| CN121674191A (en) * | 2026-02-11 | 2026-03-17 | 山东跃涛海洋科技有限公司 | Polysaccharide unicellular algae expanding culture system capable of automatically discharging sewage and application method |
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