Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a drilling device for a micro-hole, which has the advantages of small drill rod bending tendency, good drill rod stability, small drilling error and improvement of drill rod fracture phenomenon caused by large drill rod bending tendency in the drilling process.
The drilling device for the micro-pores comprises a workbench, a drilling machine and a drilling assembly, wherein the drilling machine is arranged above the workbench in a lifting manner, the drilling assembly is arranged below the drilling machine and lifts along the drilling machine to realize drilling feeding, the drilling assembly comprises a deviation correcting sleeve, a drilling rod and a synchronizing piece, the deviation correcting sleeve is vertically arranged below the drilling machine and can be driven to rotate, the drilling rod is arranged in the deviation correcting sleeve in a driven vertical sliding manner, a drilling rod cavity matched with the outer diameter of the drilling rod, a deviation correcting cavity larger than the outer diameter of the drilling rod and a synchronizing cavity larger than the inner diameter of the deviation correcting cavity are arranged in the deviation correcting sleeve from bottom to top, deviation correcting holes communicated with the deviation correcting cavity are formed in the circumferential direction of the deviation correcting sleeve, the upper end of the deviation correcting sleeve is communicated with a cutting fluid conveying pipe, the synchronizing piece is in transmission fit with the drilling rod, and the outer circle of the synchronizing piece is in circular shape rotation fit with the synchronizing cavity, when the drill rod is driven to slide downwards along the deviation correcting sleeve, the synchronous piece and the deviation correcting sleeve synchronously rotate to enable the drill rod and the deviation correcting sleeve to synchronously rotate, and the drill rod can be driven to slide downwards to enable the lower end of the drill rod to extend downwards out of the deviation correcting sleeve through the drill rod cavity.
Further, the synchronous piece comprises a friction sleeve, an elastic piece and a synchronous disc, the friction sleeve is sleeved on the drill rod in a transmission fit and vertical sliding mode, a tapered upper synchronous friction surface which is reduced downwards is arranged at the bottom of the friction sleeve, a lower synchronous friction surface which is matched with the upper synchronous friction surface is arranged below the synchronous friction surface on the inner wall of the synchronous cavity, the synchronous disc is fixedly sleeved on the drill rod and is arranged above the friction sleeve, the elastic piece is connected between the friction sleeve and the synchronous disc, and when the drill rod is driven to slide downwards, the synchronous disc exerts elastic force on the friction sleeve through the elastic piece to enable the upper synchronous friction surface to be pressed on the lower synchronous friction surface, so that the drill rod and the deviation correcting sleeve form elastic transmission fit.
Furthermore, the synchronous piece still includes synchronous cover, the fixed overcoat of synchronous cover is on the drilling rod, synchronous cover is located synchronous friction surface below down, synchronous cover excircle has outer synchronous tooth, synchronous intracavity circle has interior synchronous tooth, go up synchronous friction surface and synchronous friction surface contact back down, synchronous cover makes outer synchronous tooth and the meshing of interior synchronous tooth and then makes the drilling rod and the cover of rectifying a deviation form rigid drive cooperation along with the drilling rod gliding.
Further, the drilling assembly further comprises a rotating support seat, the rotating support seat is installed at the lower end of the deviation correction sleeve in a rotating fit mode, and a through hole for the drill rod to penetrate out is formed in the rotating support seat.
Furthermore, the deviation rectifying cavity is in transitional connection with the rod cavity through a tapered cavity which is reduced downwards, and the deviation rectifying hole is obliquely and upwards formed in the inner wall of the tapered cavity.
Further, still include the dustcoat, the dustcoat is installed on the workstation with detachable mode, the dustcoat covers outside the cover of rectifying in order to block the cutting fluid that the hole of rectifying jetted out.
The correcting device further comprises a guide sleeve, wherein the guide sleeve is fixed below the drilling machine and sleeved outside the correcting sleeve, and the inner circle of the guide sleeve is matched with the outer circle of the correcting sleeve in a shape-fitting and rotating mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the drill rod posture correcting device, the posture of the drill rod can be corrected through the correcting sleeve, the correcting sleeve automatically corrects the deviation by using the cutting fluid, integrates functions of correcting deviation, cooling and the like, and the drill rod in the drilling assembly forms circumferential support through the synchronous piece, the drill rod cavity and the lower synchronous friction surface, so that the bending tendency of the drill rod is effectively improved on the premise of ensuring the correct posture of the drill rod, the stability of the drill rod is improved, the drilling precision is improved, the drilling error is reduced, and the drill rod breakage phenomenon caused by the larger bending tendency of the drill rod is improved;
Detailed Description
As shown in the figures, the embodiment provides a drilling device for a micro-hole, which comprises a workbench 1, a drilling machine 2 and a drilling assembly, wherein the drilling machine 2 is arranged above the workbench 1 in a lifting manner, the drilling assembly is arranged below the drilling machine 2 and lifts along with the drilling machine 2 to realize drilling feeding, the drilling assembly comprises a deviation correcting sleeve 3, a drill rod 4 and a synchronizing piece, the deviation correcting sleeve 3 is vertically arranged below the drilling machine 2 and can be driven to rotate, the drill rod 4 is arranged in the deviation correcting sleeve 3 in a driven vertical sliding manner, a drill rod cavity 3a matched with the outer diameter of the drill rod 4, a deviation correcting cavity 3b larger than the outer diameter of the drill rod 4 and a synchronizing cavity 3c larger than the inner diameter of the deviation correcting cavity 3b are arranged in the deviation correcting sleeve 3 from bottom to top, deviation correcting holes 3d communicated with the deviation correcting cavity 3b are circumferentially arranged on the deviation correcting sleeve 3 in an array, and the upper end of the deviation correcting sleeve 3 is communicated with a cutting fluid conveying pipe, the synchronous piece transmission cooperation overcoat is on drilling rod 4 and synchronous piece excircle and synchronous chamber 3c interior conformal normal running fit, when drilling rod 4 was driven along the cover 3 synchronous rotation of rectifying, synchronous piece and the cover 3 synchronous rotation of rectifying so that drilling rod 4 and the cover 3 synchronous rotation of rectifying, drilling rod 4 can be driven the gliding so that drilling rod 4 lower extreme extends outside the cover 3 of rectifying through drilling rod chamber 3 a.
The vertical installation refers to that the axial direction of the deviation correcting sleeve 3 extends vertically, so that the axial direction and the vertical direction of the drill rod 4 and the deviation correcting sleeve 3 are the same;
the conformal rotation fit means that the diameter of the outer circle of the synchronous piece is the same as that of the inner circle of the synchronous cavity 3c, and the synchronous piece is sleeved on the drill rod 4 in a fixed transmission fit mode, so that the synchronous piece can play a role in circumferential support on the drill rod 4, and further the bending tendency of the drill rod 4 is improved;
the outer diameter of the drill rod 4 is matched with the inner diameter of the drill rod cavity 3a, when the drill rod 4 extends into the drill rod cavity 3a, the drill rod cavity 3a forms circumferential support for the bottom of the drill rod 4, and the bending tendency of the drill rod 4 is further improved;
therefore, the drill rod 4 in the drilling assembly forms circumferential support at least through the synchronous piece and the drill rod cavity 3a, when the drill rod 4 drills downwards to a workpiece on the workbench 1, the drill hole further forms circumferential restraint through the drill hole on the workpiece, and the drill rod 4 forms upper, middle and lower supports through the synchronous piece, the drill rod cavity 3a and the drill hole on the workpiece, so that the bending tendency of the drill rod 4 is effectively improved, and the drilling precision is improved;
as shown in fig. 1, the workbench 1 and the drilling machine 2 are connected through a plurality of hydraulic struts 12, the hydraulic struts can drive the drilling machine 2 to lift, or the drilling machine 2 is arranged above the workbench 1 in an overhead manner through a support, and the upper side of the drilling machine 2 is connected with the support through the hydraulic struts, so that downward pressure can be applied to the drilling machine 2 through the hydraulic struts to provide feeding pressure required by drilling; an upper gear 13 is integrally formed at the upper end of the deviation correcting sleeve 3, the upper gear is meshed with a driving gear 14, the driving gear is driven by a motor 15 to rotate, and the upper gear and the driving gear are both packaged in the drilling machine 2; the drilling machine 2 is also provided with an installation through hole for the upper end of the drill rod 4 to penetrate through, the drilling machine 2 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 16, an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is matched with the upper end of the drill rod 4 and used for driving the drill rod 4 to slide downwards in the deviation rectifying sleeve 3, and an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is rotatably matched with the upper end of the drill rod 4 through a thrust bearing;
during use, cutting fluid is introduced into the deviation rectifying sleeve 3, the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the deviation rectifying holes 3d under the action of centrifugal force, uniform circumferential acting force is applied to the deviation rectifying holes 3d arranged in a circumferential array mode on the deviation rectifying sleeve 3, the deviation rectifying sleeve 3 is further subjected to fine adjustment and centering, and the posture of the deviation rectifying sleeve 3 is corrected so as to correct the posture of the drill rod 4; after the deviation rectification of the deviation rectification sleeve 3 is finished, the drill rod 4 is driven to slide downwards, the synchronous rotation of the synchronous piece and the deviation rectification sleeve 3 is realized, the drill rod 4 and the deviation rectification sleeve 3 are further enabled to rotate synchronously, the drill rod 4 is continuously driven to slide downwards, and the head of the drill rod 4 extends out of the deviation rectification sleeve 3 so as to drill a workpiece on the workbench 1;
in this embodiment, the synchronizing member includes a friction sleeve 5, an elastic member 6, and a synchronizing disc 7, the friction sleeve 5 is sleeved on the drill rod 4 in a transmission fit and vertically sliding manner, the bottom of the friction sleeve 5 has a tapered upper synchronization friction surface 5a that is reduced downward, the inner wall of the synchronization cavity 3c is located below the synchronization friction surface 5a and has a lower synchronization friction surface 3e that is adapted to the upper synchronization friction surface 5a, the synchronizing disc 7 is fixedly sleeved on the drill rod 4 and located above the friction sleeve 5, the elastic member 6 is connected between the friction sleeve 5 and the synchronizing disc 7, and when the drill rod 4 is driven to slide downward, the synchronizing disc 7 applies an elastic force to the friction sleeve 5 through the elastic member 6 so that the upper synchronization friction surface 5a presses the lower synchronization friction surface 3e, so that the drill rod 4 and the deviation correction sleeve 3 form an elastic transmission fit.
The elastic element 6 can adopt a known elastic structure such as a spiral spring or a disc spring, the friction sleeve 5 is matched with the drill rod 4 through a spline, so that the friction sleeve 5 can drive the drill rod 4 to rotate, as shown in fig. 2, in the process that the friction sleeve 5 is pressed down by the elastic element 6, the upper synchronous friction surface 5a is contacted with the lower synchronous friction surface 3e and drives the friction sleeve 5 to rotate through friction force, when the elastic force of the elastic element 6 is large enough, the rotating speeds of the friction sleeve 5 and the deviation rectifying sleeve 3 tend to be synchronous, and the elastic element 6 can also be used for resetting the drill rod 4.
In this embodiment, the synchronizing member further includes a synchronizing sleeve 8, the synchronizing sleeve 8 is fixedly sleeved on the drill rod 4, the synchronizing sleeve 8 is arranged below the lower synchronizing friction surface 3e, an outer circle of the synchronizing sleeve 8 is provided with outer synchronizing teeth, an inner circle of the synchronizing cavity 3c is provided with inner synchronizing teeth, and after the upper synchronizing friction surface 5a is contacted with the lower synchronizing friction surface 3e, the synchronizing sleeve 8 slides down along the drill rod 4 to enable the outer synchronizing teeth to be meshed with the inner synchronizing teeth so as to enable the drill rod 4 to be in rigid transmission fit with the deviation correcting sleeve 3.
Outer synchronous tooth is the internal and external spline tooth with interior synchronous tooth, synchronous cover 8 is along with drilling rod 4 down with before the synchronous tooth meshing in the interior, drilling rod 4 has formed certain elastic synchronization cooperation through the frictional force of friction cover 5, because friction cover 5 receives elasticity and pushes down, so friction cover 5 can not form strict synchronization with cover 3 of rectifying a deviation, but the difference of the rotational speed of the two reduces and floats, outer synchronous tooth is less with interior synchronous tooth rotational speed difference this moment, do benefit to the smooth meshing of the two under the high-speed rotation, prevent the emergence of beating the tooth phenomenon.
In this embodiment, the drilling assembly further comprises a rotary support base 9, the rotary support base 9 is rotatably matched and installed at the lower end of the deviation correction sleeve 3, and a through hole for the drill rod 4 to penetrate out is formed in the rotary support base 9.
As shown in fig. 2, the raceway is formed between the inner circle of the rotary support seat 9 and the outer circle of the deviation correction sleeve 3, and the roller is installed in the raceway, so that the rotary support seat 9 is sleeved at the lower end of the deviation correction sleeve 3 in a single-degree-of-freedom rotation fit manner, after the deviation correction of the deviation correction sleeve 3 is completed, the drilling machine 2 can be lowered, the rotary support seat 9 is pressed above a workpiece, and the stable posture of the deviation correction sleeve 3 and the drill rod 4 is ensured.
In this embodiment, the deviation rectifying cavity 3b is in transitional connection with the drill rod cavity 3a through a tapered cavity which is reduced downwards, and the deviation rectifying hole 3d is obliquely and upwards arranged on the inner wall of the tapered cavity.
As shown in fig. 2, the inner wall of the tapered cavity has a vertically upward acting component force on the internal liquid, so that the cutting fluid can flow upward along the side wall of the tapered cavity to the deviation rectifying hole 3d at a local position close to the side wall in the deviation rectifying cavity 3b, the cutting fluid forms a backflow structure by the structure, a certain negative pressure environment can be formed at a position below the deviation rectifying hole 3d in the tapered cavity, a certain suction effect is formed in the drill rod cavity 3a, and the suction effect can assist chip removal.
In this embodiment, still include dustcoat 10, the dustcoat is installed on workstation 1 with detachable mode, the dustcoat covers outside rectifying cover 3 in order to block the cutting fluid that rectifying hole 3d erupted.
As shown in fig. 1, the cover may be fixed to the table 1 by bolts or other means, or the cover may be directly placed over the table to block the cutting fluid from splashing.
In this embodiment, still include uide bushing 11, the uide bushing is fixed in 2 below of drilling machines and the overcoat is outside cover 3 of rectifying, the interior circle of uide bushing 11 and 3 excircle form fit running fit of cover of rectifying.
The conformal meaning here is that the diameter of the inner circle of the guide sleeve is the same as that of the outer circle of the deviation correction sleeve 3, and the upper part of the deviation correction sleeve 3 forms guidance through the guide sleeve, so that circumferential support can be provided for the deviation correction sleeve 3, the stability of the deviation correction sleeve 3 is improved, and the stability of the drill rod 4 is further ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, the guide sleeve 11 also serves as a cover plate to enclose the upper gear 13 and the driving gear 14 in the drilling machine 2, and a thrust bearing can be arranged between the guide sleeve 11 and the two gears to reduce the friction force between the gears and the inner wall of the guide sleeve when the gears rotate; the upper end of the inner cavity of the upper gear 13 is an upper port of the deviation correcting sleeve 3, a liquid conveying pipe 17 is arranged in the drilling machine 2, a liquid distribution disc 18 is arranged above the upper gear 13, a liquid cavity with an opening at the lower end is formed in the liquid distribution disc, a liquid inlet communicated with the liquid cavity is laterally formed in the liquid distribution disc, the liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid conveying pipe, the lower port of the liquid cavity is opposite to the upper port of the inner circle of the upper gear 13, the liquid distribution disc is fixedly arranged on the drilling machine 2, and the lower end face of the liquid distribution disc is in sealed and rotating fit with the upper end cap of the upper gear 13;
in addition, liquid through holes are vertically formed in the friction sleeve 5 and the synchronous disc 7;
as shown in fig. 2, the cutting fluid is conveyed into the fluid cavity of the fluid distribution plate through the fluid conveying pipe, enters the deviation rectifying sleeve 3 through the inner cavity of the upper gear 13, passes through the fluid hole of the synchronizing plate 7, the synchronizing cavity 3c, the fluid hole of the friction sleeve 5 and the deviation rectifying cavity 3b, and continues to move downwards to the drill rod cavity 3a through the spiral groove on the outer wall of the drill rod 4, and the cutting fluid can enter the drilled hole of the workpiece along with the spiral groove of the drill rod 4, and in addition, due to the high-speed operation of the deviation rectifying sleeve 3, the cutting fluid in the deviation rectifying cavity 3b is ejected from the deviation rectifying hole 3d under the action of centrifugal force.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.