CN114042745A - Soil pollutant adsorption device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil pollutant adsorption device and a method, which solve the problem that an adsorption material in the prior art is not easy to recover after being applied to soil. The construction vehicle comprises a construction vehicle, a lifting device, a traction device, a hydraulic power device, a construction auxiliary frame, a slotting device and an adsorption replacement device, wherein the power device of the construction vehicle is respectively connected with power input ends of the lifting device, the traction device and the hydraulic power device, the construction vehicle is connected with the construction auxiliary frame through the lifting device, the construction auxiliary frame is connected with the slotting device in a sliding mode through a guide rail, the construction vehicle drives the slotting device to move up and down on the construction auxiliary frame through the traction device to slot soil, and the adsorption replacement device is placed in a soil groove. The grooving device comprises a sliding seat, a hydraulic motor, a driving roller, a driving rolling shaft, a supporting shaft, a grooving crawler, a grooving cutter head, a crawler bracket, a reversing roller, a reversing rolling shaft and a rolling riding wheel. The technology causes the pollutants to migrate to the adsorption plate through the concentration difference of the pollutants.

Description

Soil pollutant adsorption device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a soil pollutant adsorption device and a method.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of industrialization, environmental problems associated therewith have become more serious, and soil pollution has attracted much attention in recent years. Soil pollution elements (heavy metals and organic pollutants) are mainly input through approaches such as chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers, micro-fertilizers, pesticides, pollution irrigation, mining activities, atmospheric sedimentation and the like, for example, heavy metal pollution is high in concealment, long in period and irreversible, can be absorbed and accumulated in organisms by plants, and is continuously enriched along with upgrading of a biological chain, so that harm is caused to human health. Soil pollutants can also indirectly threaten human health through media such as air and water. Excessive intake of heavy metal elements in human body can cause diseases such as rheumatic arthritis, osteodynia, coronary arteriosclerosis and the like, and can cause a series of cancers such as skin cancer, liver cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the like, chronic poisoning and the like.

At present, chemical, biological and physical methods are used for soil pollution remediation. Chemical remediation is to change the form of pollutants (heavy metals) by improving the chemical characteristics of soil such as Eh, pH, organic matter content, cation substitution amount and the like, thereby passivating the activity and biological effectiveness of the pollutants, and the main implementation ways are a precipitation method and a chelation method; the bioremediation method mainly comprises a plant extraction method and a microbiological method, wherein the former method is to transport pollutants from soil and underground water to tissues such as stems and leaves on the ground of plants through the enrichment capacity of super-enriching plants on heavy metals, then reap and treat the plants, and the microbiological method is to solidify the elements of the pollutants (heavy metals) in the soil through secreting chelating substances. The physical method mainly comprises the steps of gradually releasing pollutants in soil into a liquid phase by a leaching technology, then obtaining cleaned soil and cleaning liquid containing the pollutants by solid-liquid separation, and then treating the cleaning liquid.

However, the existing soil heavy metal remediation technology has certain limitations, such as a chemical method and a microbiological method, heavy metals are chelated or solidified in soil, and the risk of secondary release of the heavy metals in the soil exists for a long time; the plant method has slow repair rate, long repair period and the like, which limits wide application, and generally the method can only play a role in auxiliary repair: the leaching method has large engineering, high cost, serious damage to the surrounding ecological environment and the like, and also limits the popularization and application of the improved method; the adsorption remediation method is a mass transfer process for transferring pollutants from a solvent phase to a solid phase surface and combining the pollutants with each other through physical and chemical actions, is the most effective and nondestructive technology so far, is the acknowledged simplest and most economical soil heavy metal remediation technology, but because adsorption materials are difficult to recover in soil, the application of the method is limited. The device is flexible in design and simple in operation, and can promote the wide application of the adsorption method in the remediation and treatment of the heavy metal pollution of the soil.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the problem that the adsorbing material in the prior art is not easy to recover after being applied in soil, and provides the soil pollutant adsorbing device and the method which are reasonable in structure and convenient to use.

The technical scheme of the invention is to provide a soil pollutant adsorption device and a method with the following structure and steps: the construction vehicle is connected with the construction auxiliary frame through the lifting device, the construction auxiliary frame is connected with the slotting device in a sliding mode through a guide rail, the construction vehicle drives the slotting device to move up and down on the construction auxiliary frame through the traction device to slot soil, and the adsorption replacement device is placed in a soil groove; the grooving device comprises a sliding seat, a hydraulic motor, a driving roller, a supporting shaft, a grooving crawler, a grooving cutter head, a crawler bracket, a reversing roller and rolling riding wheels, wherein the lower surface of the sliding seat is connected with the outer side surface of the construction auxiliary frame through a guide rail, the upper surface of the sliding seat is connected with the driving roller and the supporting shaft which transversely penetrate through the crawler bracket through a support, the driving roller is arranged in the middle of the driving roller, the driving tube wheel is embedded at one end of the crawler bracket, the end part of the driving roller is connected with the hydraulic motor arranged on the sliding seat through a gear set, the hydraulic motor is connected with the output end of a hydraulic power device through a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the crawler bracket is embedded with the reversing roller through the reversing roller, and a plurality of rolling riding wheels are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the crawler bracket; the grooved crawler is sleeved outside the driving roller and the reversing roller, and a plurality of grooved cutter heads are arranged on the outer surface of the grooved crawler.

Preferably, the adsorption replacement device comprises an opening frame type cylinder, a repair plate knife, a shaping filter screen, a wire mesh bag and adsorption particles, wherein the opening frame type cylinder is a U-shaped cylinder, a plate knife positioning groove is oppositely arranged at an opening on the side surface of the U-shaped cylinder, positioning lugs are respectively arranged on two sides of the opening above the U-shaped cylinder, and lifting lugs and studs are arranged on the positioning lugs; the repairing plate cutter is embedded in the plate cutter positioning groove; the inside silk screen bag that is equipped with adsorption particle is connected in the laminating of design filter screen internal surface, and the interior bottom surface of opening frame type barrel is connected in the laminating of design filter screen surface, and the design filter screen is the U type framework, is the rectangle after stretching out, and its top opening part middle part is equipped with the hoist and mount buckle, and top opening part both sides are equipped with the link that the soft rope is connected, and the link is hung on the post nail of location ear.

Preferably, the repairing plate cutter comprises a rectangular cutter body, an anti-soil-clamping cutter head and a pull ring, wherein one end of the rectangular cutter body is provided with the pull ring, the other end of the rectangular cutter body is provided with a single-side inclined blade, the two right-angled parts of the end are provided with the anti-soil-clamping cutter head protruding out of the rectangular cutter body, and the anti-soil-clamping cutter head and the rectangular cutter body on the side are provided with the same single-side inclined blade; the cross section of the opening of the plate cutter positioning groove is in an isosceles trapezoid shape.

Preferably, the silk screen bag is a rectangular fiber cotton bag, the diameter of the mesh of the silk screen bag is smaller than the particle size of the adsorption particles, a plurality of anti-drum pulling buckles are arranged on the silk screen bag, and two opposite anti-drum pulling buckles are connected through a soft rope.

Preferably, the design filter screen contains two filter screens and connects soft cloth, wherein two filter screens are connected respectively in the both sides of connecting soft cloth, and the opposite side of two filter screens is equipped with the link respectively and the hoist and mount buckle of lock joint each other, and the mesh diameter of filter screen is 1-6 centimetres.

Preferably, the material of the adsorption particles is activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, alumina, polyamide or their mixture, and the particle size ranges from 0.001 mm to 5 mm.

Preferably, the traction device comprises a winding wheel shaft, a steel wire rope and a fixed pulley, wherein the winding wheel shaft drives the steel wire rope to reciprocate under the driving of a power device of the construction vehicle, and the steel wire rope realizes the up-and-down motion of the directional traction slotting device on the construction auxiliary frame through the fixed pulley.

Preferably, the slotting cutter head comprises a fixed bottom plate and a scraper, the fixed bottom plate is fixed on the outer surface of the slotting track through a countersunk head bolt, a straight line where the blade edge of the scraper is located is parallel to the moving direction of the slotting track, an included angle between the straight line and the moving direction of the slotting track is alpha, wherein alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees

A method for using the soil pollutant adsorption device comprises the following steps of step 1, lifting a construction auxiliary frame by a lifting device on a construction vehicle, then placing the construction auxiliary frame at a proper position, putting down a slotting device by a traction device, moving the traction device obliquely and downwards along a dovetail groove type guide rail under the action of gravity, starting a hydraulic power device to drive a hydraulic motor to drive a driving roller under the action of gravity, driving the slotting track by the driving roller, and throwing soil to the side surface of the slotting track by a slotting cutter head on the slotting cutter head so as to dig out a soil groove.

And 2, extending the open frame-shaped cylinder into the opened soil tank, wherein the inclined depth of the soil tank is 1.2-1.5 times of that of the open frame-shaped cylinder, sequentially placing the open frame-shaped cylinder of the adsorption replacement device into a reserved filling plate and a shaped filter screen, placing a silk screen bag filled with adsorption particles into the shaped filter screen, irrigating the soil, and contacting the shaped filter screen and the silk screen bag after the soil is settled so as to generate permeation and ion adsorption phenomena with the adsorption particles.

And 3, when the adsorption particles are replaced for the second time, drawing out the reserved filling plate, pulling out the shaping filter screen, scraping the drum belly part of the settled soil by using the repairing plate knife, finally, repairing the soil tank regularly through the reciprocating motion of the repairing plate knife in the plate knife positioning groove, performing circulating adsorption as the same as that during primary installation again, and filling the soil tank with the soil reserved in situ after the adsorption times are reached.

Compared with the prior art, the soil pollutant adsorption device and the method have the following advantages: this application is fixed adsorption material in repair materials fixing device, then during the embedding soil, the pollutant of dissolving in aqueous on the one hand passes through the horizontal migration and the vertical migration of moisture, through the adsorption plate, reaches absorbent purpose, and on the other hand, concentration difference through the pollutant for the pollutant migrates in the aspect of to the adsorption plate.

This adsorption equipment can be according to the migration direction of the pollutant moisture of the different degree of depth in the soil, changes the angle of embedding in soil, for example the pollutant in the top soil is along with moisture with longitudinal downward migration for leading, can be less the embedding angle between adsorption plate and soil for the pollutant can keep bigger contact surface with the adsorption plate. The pollutants in the deep soil are mainly transversely transferred along with the water, and the embedding angle between the adsorption plate and the soil can be increased, so that the pollutants can keep a larger contact surface with the adsorption plate.

Through the mode of irrigating to the contaminated site, increase the migration of pollutant to increase restoration speed, can be with low costs, high-efficient, quick removal heavy metal ion and the organic pollutant in the soil.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the slotting device of the present invention in a forward configuration;

FIG. 3 is a second schematic view of the slotting device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the grooving apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the construction of a grooving insert according to the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the opening of the adsorption replacement device according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a shaped screen according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of the repairing plate knife of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the edge side of the repair plate cutter of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the pre-cut filler panel of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the silk bag filled with the adsorption particles.

In the description of the attached drawings, the reference number 1-1 is a construction vehicle, 1-2 is a traction device, 1-3 is a hydraulic power device, 1-4 is a hydraulic pipeline, 1-5 is a construction auxiliary frame, 1-6 is a roller, 1-7 is a fixed pulley, 1-8 is a steel wire rope, 1-9 is a guide rail, and 1-10 is a lifting device.

2-1 is a driving roller, 2-2 is a supporting shaft, 2-3 is a rolling riding wheel, 2-4 is a track bracket, 2-5 is a bracket, 2-6 is a grooved track, 2-7 is a sliding seat, 2-8 is a grooved cutter head, 2-9 is a hydraulic motor, and 2-10 is a reversing roller.

3-1 is a positioning lug, 3-2 is an open frame type cylinder body, 3-3 is a plate cutter positioning groove, 3-4 is a repair plate cutter, 3-5 is a handle, 3-6 is a shaping filter screen, 3-7 is a silk screen bag, 3-8 is adsorption particles, 3-9 is a hoisting buckle, 3-10 is connecting soft cloth, 3-11 is an upper filling plate, 3-12 is a waterproof sealing strip, 3-13 is a lower filling plate, 3-14 is a lifting lug, 3-15 is a middle filling plate, 3-16 is a column nail, 3-17 is an anti-soil clamping tool bit, 3-18 is a soft rope, 3-19 is a middle filling plate positioning column, 2-20 is a single-side inclined edge, 3-21 is a zipper, 3-22 is an anti-bulging buckle, and 3-23 is a hanging ring; and 4 is a soil tank.

Detailed Description

The soil pollutant adsorption device and the method of the invention are further explained by combining the attached drawings and the specific implementation mode: as shown in the figure, the soil pollutant adsorption device comprises a construction vehicle 1-1, a lifting device 1-10, a traction device 1-2, a hydraulic power device 1-3, a construction auxiliary frame 1-5, a slotting device and an adsorption replacement device, the power device of the construction vehicle 1-1 is respectively connected with the power input ends of the lifting device 1-10, the traction device 1-2 and the hydraulic power device 1-3, the construction vehicle 1-1 is connected with the construction auxiliary frame 1-5 through the lifting device 1-10, the construction auxiliary frame 1-5 is slidably connected with the slotting device through the guide rail 1-9, the construction vehicle 1-1 drives the slotting device to move up and down on the construction auxiliary frame 1-5 through the traction device 1-2 to slot soil, and the adsorption replacement device is placed in the soil slot 4; wherein the slotting device comprises a sliding seat 2-7, a hydraulic motor 2-9, a driving roller 2-1, a driving roller, a supporting shaft 2-2, a slotting crawler 2-6, a slotting cutter head 2-8, a crawler bracket 2-4, a reversing roller 1-6, a reversing roller 2-10 and a rolling riding wheel 2-3, wherein the lower surface of the sliding seat 2-7 is connected with the outer side surface of a construction auxiliary frame 1-5 through a guide rail 1-9, the upper surface is connected with the driving roller and the supporting shaft 2-2 which cross the crawler bracket 2-4 through a bracket 2-5, the middle part of the driving roller is provided with the driving roller 2-1, a driving pipe is nested at one end of the crawler bracket 2-4, the end part of the driving roller is connected with the hydraulic motor 2-9 arranged on the sliding seat 2-7 through a gear set, the hydraulic motor 2-9 is connected with the output end of the hydraulic power device 1-3 through a hydraulic pipeline 1-4, the other end of the crawler belt bracket 2-4 is embedded with a reversing roller 1-6 through a reversing roller 2-10, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the crawler belt bracket 2-4 are provided with a plurality of rolling riding wheels 2-3; the grooved crawler 2-6 is sleeved outside the driving roller 2-1 and the reversing roller 1-6, and a plurality of grooved cutter heads 2-8 are arranged on the outer surface of the grooved crawler 2-6.

The construction vehicle 1-1 can be a tractor, a small crane or other vehicles suitable for being on soft land or a river bed, and a traction device 1-2, a hydraulic power device 1-3, a hydraulic pipeline 1-4, a construction auxiliary frame 1-5 and the like which are suitable for construction requirements in the application can be additionally manufactured on the vehicles. The traction device 1-2 can be connected with the output power end of the tractor gear box through a belt or a transmission connecting rod, and the winding mechanism realizes the control of the reciprocating motion of the designated part through a steel wire rope 1-8 and a fixed pulley 1-7.

The hydraulic power device 1-3 can be connected with the output power end of the tractor gear box through a belt or a transmission connecting rod, and the hydraulic power device 1-3 pushes the hydraulic motor 2-9 to realize unidirectional or bidirectional movement through a hydraulic pipeline 1-4.

The construction auxiliary frame 1-5 is a prefabricated support 2-5, the inclination angle between the upper surface and the horizontal bottom surface is about 45 degrees or 135 degrees, and a grooving device which is positioned by the guide rails 1-9 and moves up and down can perform soil grooving by a certain angle of left-right fluctuation in the inclination range. The inclination angle can also be adjusted, particularly seeing the position of the pollutant in the soil, if the surface layer, the angle can be larger properly, because the part of the pollutant is mainly accompanied by the downward migration of the water under the action of gravity, if the polluted part is in the deep layer, the inclination angle can be reduced, because the part of the soil is close to the aquifer, the downward migration degree of the water and the pollutant is limited, more, along with the transverse migration of the groundwater moving direction, the smaller angle is embedded in the soil, and the smaller angle can be right-angled to the migration direction.

The roller 1-6 can support one end of the construction auxiliary frame 1-5 in the moving process of the construction auxiliary frame 1-5, the construction auxiliary frame 1-5 is prevented from being scraped into the ground or being scraped away from the ground, the roller 1-6 is pressed in the moving process, the height of the side of the roller 1-6 can be raised to the maximum extent, the sinking depth of the roller 1-6 cannot be larger than that of the roller in the place due to the fact that the roller is in contact with the slightly soft ground, the contact pressure and the friction force of a stable chassis below the construction auxiliary frame 1-5 and the ground can be reduced in the advancing process, and the stable chassis can achieve the effect of supporting and lining for preventing excessive sinking when the roller stays for a long time in the place.

The fixed pulleys 1-7 can appoint the movement trend of the steel wire ropes 1-8, so that the steel wire ropes achieve the effect of directionally drawing the slotting device to move along the upper surfaces of the construction auxiliary frames 1-5 through the dovetail groove type guide rails 1-9.

The lifting device 1-10 is similar to a structure for reversing a coulter by lifting a plow harrow back and forth when a tractor in a farmland plows, the lifting device 1-10 is lifted a little slightly, then a stable chassis below the construction auxiliary frame 1-5 can be slightly separated from the ground, and a roller 1-6 below the construction auxiliary frame 1-5 can easily roll on the bottom surface to advance. The lifting function of the device is adopted to meet the requirements of working conditions, and the whole device is a part which can be realized in the prior art.

The above described construction vehicle 1-1, traction means 1-2, hydraulic power means 1-3 and lifting means 1-10 are all technical components available in the prior art, which require modification and relocation to suit the working conditions in the present application.

The sliding seat 2-7 is provided with a plurality of brackets 2-5, a supporting shaft 2-2 and a driving roller are arranged between the brackets 2-5, wherein the supporting shaft 2-2 and the driving roller penetrate through the track bracket 2-4 to support and stabilize the track bracket, so that the track bracket and the sliding seat 2-7 form a stable integrated structure. One end of the driving roller is driven by a hydraulic motor 2-9 arranged on the sliding seat 2-7, so that the driving roller 2-1 can rotate, and the grooved crawler belt 2-6 is driven by friction to move between the reversing roller 2-10 and the reversing roller to realize annular reciprocating motion. The upper surface and the lower surface of the track bracket 2-4 are provided with rolling riding wheels 2-3, the slotted track 2-6 is connected with the track bracket 2-4 through the rolling riding wheels 2-3, so that the sliding friction force between the slotted track 2-6 and the track bracket 2-4 can be greatly reduced, and unnecessary abrasion between the slotted track 2-6 and the track bracket 2-4 is avoided.

The slotting cutter head 2-8 comprises a fixed bottom plate and a scraper, the fixed bottom plate is fixed on the outer surface of the slotting track 2-6 through a countersunk head bolt, the straight line where the blade edge of the scraper is located is parallel to the moving direction of the slotting track 2-6, the included angle between the straight line and the slotting track is alpha, wherein alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees. In the advancing process, the grooving tool bits 2-8 arranged on the outer surfaces of the grooving tracks 2-6 can scrape and carry soil, after a little, the soil scraped and carried by the moving grooving tool bits 2-8 can be slowly thrown to one side of the track brackets 2-4 by the obliquely designed tool bits to be slowly piled into a soil pile, the soil pile can be left on site to be flattened by a tool for subsequent sealing and filling, can also be left as a soil sample when different depths are excavated, can be collected in a centralized manner, and can be recovered to be normally used after being subjected to separate adsorption treatment. When the slotting tool bit 2-8 scrapes soil, the part connected with the bottom of the slotting crawler 2-6 can generate traction deformation, the deformation can strain the joint degree between the slotting crawler 2-6 and the crawler bracket 2-4 connected with the slotting crawler 2-6, the reversing roller 2-10 and the driving roller 2-1, the static friction force is increased, under the condition of stable working load, the slotting crawler 2-6 can not slip, and the better friction force cutting degree can be finely adjusted through the connection mode of tight joint, and the anti-slip tightening device does not need to be additionally added.

The adsorption replacement device comprises an opening frame type cylinder 3-2, a repair plate knife 3-4, a shaping filter screen 3-6, a screen bag 3-7 and adsorption particles 3-8, wherein the opening frame type cylinder 3-2 is a U-shaped cylinder, a plate knife positioning groove 3-3 is oppositely arranged at an opening on the side surface of the U-shaped cylinder, and the plate knife positioning groove 3-3 is a trapezoidal opening, so that the phenomenon that the plate knife 3-4 slides smoothly in the opening frame type cylinder after the plate knife positioning groove 3-3 deforms due to soil settlement deformation after the plate knife positioning groove 3-3 deforms is avoided. The handles 3-5 are designed to facilitate lifting and removal of the repair board knife 3-4.

Two sides of an opening above the U-shaped cylinder are respectively provided with a positioning lug 3-1, and a lifting lug 3-14 and a stud 3-16 are arranged on the positioning lug 3-1; the repair plate cutter 3-4 is embedded in the plate cutter positioning groove 3-3; the inner surface of the shaping filter screen 3-6 is jointed with a silk screen bag 3-7 with adsorption particles 3-8 inside, the outer surface of the shaping filter screen 3-6 is jointed with the inner bottom surface of the open frame type barrel 3-2, the shaping filter screen 3-6 is a U-shaped frame body and is rectangular after being stretched out, the middle part of the upper opening is provided with a hoisting buckle 3-9, two sides of the upper opening are provided with hanging rings 3-23 connected with soft ropes 3-18, and the hanging rings 3-23 are hung on studs 3-16 of the positioning lugs 3-1.

The opening frame type barrel 3-2 extends into the opened soil tank 4 and is placed along the direction of the soil tank 4, the depth of the soil tank 4 when the soil tank 4 inclines is 1.2-1.5 times of that of the opening frame type barrel 3-2, the remaining space at the bottom is reserved for use, a certain amount of settled soil needs to be cut off when the adsorption material is replaced for the second time for repairing the initial shape of the soil tank 4, the settled soil directly fills the pre-reserved hole, and the trouble that the soil needs to be transported from the narrow and deep soil tank 4 when the soil tank 4 is repaired manually is avoided.

After the open frame type cylinder 3-2 is embedded into the soil tank 4, the open frame type cylinder is clamped at the upper half part of the soil tank 4 through the positioning lug 3-1 at the upper part, a lifting lug 3-14 is arranged on the positioning lug to facilitate the hoisting work of the open frame type cylinder in the soil tank 4, at the moment, a reserved filling plate is firstly placed in the open frame type cylinder 3-2, hanging lugs are arranged at two ends of the upper side of the reserved filling plate to ensure that the reserved filling plate cannot fall into the deeper part of the soil tank 4 in the open frame type cylinder 3-2, then a certain amount of adsorption particles 3-8 are filled in a wire mesh bag 3-7 to be flattened and sealed, a zipper 3-21 type or magic sticky type sealing mode can be adopted for sealing, the flattened thickness is slightly higher than the width of the connecting soft cloth 3-10 at the middle part of the shaped filter screens 3-6 between the two filter screens, the phenomenon that the adsorption particles 3-8 are compressed after the open frame type cylinder is used for a period of time in the later period is compensated, but the thickness of the adsorption particles 3-8 in the wire mesh bags 3-7 is not too much, so that the phenomenon of bulging of the middle parts of the two opposite wire mesh bags 3-6 at the top is caused, the wire mesh bags 3-7 are clamped by the sizing filter screens 3-6, the phenomenon that the adsorption particles 3-8 shrink from the bottom to the top in the soil tank 4 is avoided as much as possible, and the phenomenon that the coated adsorption particles 3-8 are uneven in the upper and lower parts of the wire mesh bags 3-7 is avoided.

The shaping filter screen 3-6 is a steel wire mesh or a nylon wire mesh, the wire mesh bag 3-7 is a gauze bag, the structure is similar to that of a disposable medical mask, the upper part of the gauze bag is sealed through a zipper 3-21 or a clip chain, the middle part of the gauze bag is provided with a plurality of anti-drum pull buckles 3-22 which are oppositely designed through soft ropes 3-18, the thickness is still uniform after the gauze bag is filled with the adsorption particles 3-8, and the gauze bag is conveniently filled into the open frame type barrel body 3-2. The material of the adsorption particles 3-8 is activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, alumina, polyamide or a mixture thereof, and the particle size range of the adsorption particles is 0.001-5 mm. The hoisting buckle 3-9 can lock and lock the upper opening of the shaped filter screen 3-6, so that the shape of the upper opening is limited by the shaped filter screen 3-6 in the hoisting process and the upper opening is a cuboid shape which is convenient to be plugged into the opening frame-shaped cylinder 3-2,

the repairing plate cutter 3-4 comprises a rectangular cutter body, soil clamping preventing cutter heads 3-17 and pull rings, wherein one end of the rectangular cutter body is provided with the pull ring, the other end of the rectangular cutter body is provided with a single-side inclined blade 3-20, the two right angles of the end are provided with the soil clamping preventing cutter heads 3-17 protruding out of the rectangular cutter body, and the soil clamping preventing cutter heads 3-17 and the rectangular cutter body on the side are provided with the same single-side inclined blade 3-20; the cross section of the opening of the plate cutter positioning groove 3-3 is in an isosceles trapezoid shape. The main body of the repair plate knife 3-4 is rectangular plate-shaped, the lower edge of the repair plate knife is provided with a single-side inclined blade 3-20 type knife edge, two corners of the single-side inclined blade 3-20 type knife edge are provided with right-angled triangle soil clamping prevention knife heads 3-17, the single-side inclined blade 3-20 type knife edge in the structure can flatly cut off soil with a bulging belly caused by soil settlement, the soil with the bulging belly is soil which is tightly attached to the silk screen bag 3-7 in the shaping filter screen 3-6 at the last time, and when the adsorption particles 3-8 in the silk screen bag 3-7 are replaced for the second time, the soil groove needs to be expanded again to be cut off. The right-angled triangle anti-soil-clamping cutter head 3-17 is an inclined unearthing structure designed for preventing the repairing plate cutter 3-4 from being clamped by soil in the plate cutter positioning groove 3-3, the repairing plate cutter 3-4 of the structure is very good to use, a part of the repairing plate cutter can be firstly cut off by a shovel when the bulge caused by soil settlement is too large, and the structure is used for completing the final repairing. The upper side of the repair plate knife 3-4 is provided with a handle 3-5, which is convenient for an operator to drag and move.

The unilateral inclined blades 3-20 can meet the cutting and soil discharging functions at the same time, and one side edge where the blade is located can be cut into a neat end face, so that the secondary shaping of the device to the interior of the soil tank 4 in the construction process is met, and the repeated cyclic adsorption is feasible.

The shaping filter screens 3-6 comprise two filter screens and connecting soft cloth 3-10, wherein the two filter screens are respectively connected to two sides of the connecting soft cloth 3-10, hanging rings 3-23 and hoisting buckles 3-9 which are buckled with each other are respectively arranged on the other sides of the two filter screens, and the mesh diameters of the filter screens are 1-6 cm. The soft cloth 3-10 is connected for matching the design that the size of the adsorption particles 3-8 shrinks after being extruded and deformed for a long time, and the hard material is prevented from being extruded into an arc shape, so that secondary filling influences construction. The corners of the upper part of the shaped filter screen 3-6 are fixed on the studs 3-16 of the positioning lugs 3-1 through soft ropes 3-18 and hanging rings 3-23, so that the shaped filter screen 3-6 can be prevented from slipping down in the open frame type cylinder 3-2. The shaping filter screen 3-6 is not convenient to be provided with a hanging lug, so that the flexible soft rope 3-18 and the hanging ring 3-23 are preferably selected to realize positioning.

The silk screen bag 3-7 is a rectangular fiber cotton bag, the diameter of the mesh of the silk screen bag is smaller than the particle size of the adsorption particles 3-8, a plurality of anti-drum pull buckles 3-22 are arranged on the silk screen bag, and the two opposite anti-drum pull buckles 3-22 are connected through soft ropes 3-18. The inside of the silk screen bag 3-7 can be provided with a plurality of soft ropes 3-18 which cross the bag body, when the soft ropes 3-18 are filled into the inside of the silk screen bag 3-7 through the adsorption particles 3-8, the outside of the silk screen bag 3-7 can still keep a plate shape, which can not cause that the filter screen is too big to bulge and is inconvenient to be filled into the open frame type barrel 3-2. After the adsorption particles 3-8 are placed in the soil for a period of time, the adsorption particles can absorb water to cause larger self weight, at the moment, the toughness and the firmness of the silk screen bag 3-7 cannot be kept against lifting force, and in addition, the adsorption materials are slightly deformed and become uneven in the silk screen bag 3-7, so that the adsorption materials cannot be directly lifted, and the adsorption materials need to be lifted after being integrally coated by means of the shaping filter screen 3-6.

The hanging rings 3-23 can be used as lifting parts for replacing the adsorption particles 3-8 conveniently at a later stage, and when the wire mesh bags 3-7 with the adsorption particles 3-8 are installed in the soil tank 4, the hanging buckles 3-9 can fasten the openings of the upper filter screens, so that the filter screens are prevented from being broken, and the wire mesh bags 3-7 are prevented from being broken. The diameter of the mesh of the filter screen is 1-6 cm, and the diameter range has almost no barrier effect on the adsorption of heavy metals and pollutants in soil. The wire mesh bags 3-7 can also be replaced by filtration membranes or nanoporous membranes, either of which can be adsorbent or filter for contaminants.

The outer surface of the shaping filter screen 3-6 is jointed and connected with the inner bottom surface of the open frame type cylinder 3-2 through a reserved filling plate, the reserved filling plate is provided with three layers of plates which comprise an upper filling plate 3-11, a middle filling plate 3-15, a lower filling plate 3-13, a middle filling plate positioning column 3-19 and a waterproof sealing strip 3-12, handles 3-5 are arranged on the upper sides of the upper filling plate 3-11, the middle filling plate 3-15 and the lower filling plate 3-13, the bottoms of the upper filling plate 3-11 and the lower filling plate 3-13 are connected through soft ropes 3-18, the middle filling plate 3-15 is clamped between the upper filling plate 3-11 and the lower filling plate 3-13, the waterproof sealing strips 3-12 which are jointed and connected are oppositely arranged on the inner sides close to three edges of the upper filling plate 3-11 and the lower filling plate 3-13, the outer sides of the three edges of the middle filling plate 3-15 are positioned in an area surrounded by the waterproof sealing strips 3-12, and the middle filling plate positioning columns 3-19 are positioned at the lower part of the area enclosed by the waterproof sealing strips 3-12, and the bottoms of the middle filling plates 3-15 are jointed and connected with the middle filling plate positioning columns 3-19.

The reserved filling plate is attached to and connected with the inner bottom surface of the open frame type cylinder 3-2 and is provided with three layers of plates comprising an upper filling plate 3-11, a middle filling plate 3-15 and a lower filling plate 3-13, wherein the middle filling plate 3-15 with a slightly smaller area is extruded between the upper filling plate 3-11 and the lower filling plate 3-13, lubricating grease is coated between the extruded surfaces, and the middle filling plate positioning columns 3-19 are positioned at the lower half parts of the upper filling plate 3-11 and the lower filling plate 3-13, so that the problem that the middle filling plate 3-15 with a slightly smaller area excessively slips downwards between the upper filling plate 3-11 and the lower filling plate 3-13 can be avoided.

The waterproof sealing strips 3-12 are respectively designed at the bottom and the side part between the upper filling plate 3-11 and the lower filling plate 3-13, can seal grease, prevent grease failure caused by mutual mixing of water vapor and the grease, and can prevent soil from scattering between the filling plates and contacting the grease to cause lubrication failure. After the middle filling plate 3-15 is extracted in advance, the upper filling plate 3-11 and the lower filling plate 3-13 can be conveniently extracted from the open frame type cylinder 3-2 in a space, so that the purpose that the middle filling plate 3-15 in one layer is easily extracted is achieved, then the upper filling plate 3-11 and the lower filling plate 3-13 are extracted, and finally the advantage that three layers are extracted is achieved, the middle filling plate 3-15 can also expand the activity space reserved by the given type filter screen 3-6 after the three layers of filling plates are extracted, and meanwhile, the three layers of filling plates and the open frame type cylinder 3-2 are combined together, so that the deformation of the middle filling plate 3-11 and the open frame type cylinder caused by soil sedimentation and soil migration can be counteracted as far as possible. The filter screen and the wire mesh bag 3-7 with the adsorption particles 3-8 therein are further convenient to draw out, the defect that the extrusion molding filter screen 3-6 cannot be easily pulled out for replacement when better ion exchange is brought by soil settlement is overcome, the extrusion molding filter screen is not pulled out well and is easily pulled out, and meanwhile, the bearing load of the molding filter screen 3-6 can be increased due to the fact that the adsorption particles 3-8 become heavy when being moistened.

The traction device 1-2 comprises a winding wheel shaft, a steel wire rope 1-8 and a fixed pulley 1-7, wherein the winding wheel shaft drives the steel wire rope 1-8 to reciprocate under the driving of a power device of the construction vehicle 1-1, and the steel wire rope 1-8 realizes the up-and-down movement of the directional traction slotting device on the construction auxiliary frame 1-5 through the fixed pulley 1-7.

A method for using the soil pollutant adsorption device comprises the steps that 1, a lifting device 1-10 on a construction vehicle 1-1 lifts a construction auxiliary frame 1-5 and then places the construction auxiliary frame at a proper position, a traction device 1-2 puts down a slotting device, the traction device 1-2 moves downwards along a dovetail groove type guide rail 1-9 in an inclined mode under the action of gravity, a hydraulic power device 1-3 is started to drive a hydraulic motor 2-9 to drive a driving roller 2-1, the driving roller 2-1 pulls a slotting crawler belt 2-6, and a slotting cutter head 2-8 on the hydraulic power device throws soil to the side face of the slotting crawler belt 2-6 to dig out a soil groove 4. At the moment, the construction vehicle 1-1 is driven forward a distance to continue to arrange and open the slots continuously, the depth of the adsorption replacement device inserted into the soil slot 4 is divided by the root number 2, and the distance of 30cm for the adsorption replacement device is the distance of driving forward the construction vehicle 1-1, so that the comprehensive coverage of the absorption range of the row of pollutants on the polluted site can be achieved.

The open frame type cylinder 3-2 is inserted into an opened soil tank 4, the depth of the soil tank 4 when the soil tank 4 inclines is 1.2-1.5 times of that of the open frame type cylinder 3-2, the open frame type cylinder 3-2 of the adsorption replacement device is sequentially placed into a reserved filling plate and a shaped filter screen 3-6, a silk screen bag 3-7 filled with adsorption particles 3-8 is placed into the shaped filter screen 3-6, then the land is irrigated, the soil is settled and then contacts the shaped filter screen 3-6 and the silk screen bag 3-7, and further the phenomena of permeation and ion adsorption with the adsorption particles 3-8 occur. When the adsorption particles 3-8 are replaced for the second time, the reserved filling plate is drawn out, the shaping filter screen 3-6 is pulled out, the drum belly part of settled soil is scraped by the repair plate knife 3-4, finally, the soil tank 4 is repaired and regulated through the reciprocating motion of the repair plate knife 3-4 in the plate knife positioning groove 3-3, the circular adsorption is carried out again as in the primary installation, and after the adsorption times are reached, the soil tank 4 is filled and leveled by the soil reserved in situ.

Irrigation is carried out on the polluted soil field, heavy metal ions and organic pollutants can migrate downwards along with water, and the pollutants can be adsorbed and removed by the repairing materials in the repairing material fixing device through the repairing material fixing device. And after the adsorption is finished, taking the repairing material fixing device out of the soil, regenerating the adsorbing material, recycling, making the soil tank 4 in situ, and after the adsorption times are reached, continuously filling and leveling the soil tank 4 by using the soil reserved in situ to achieve nondestructive repair.

Claims (9)

1. A soil pollutant adsorption equipment which characterized in that: the construction vehicle is connected with the construction auxiliary frame through the lifting device, the construction auxiliary frame is connected with the slotting device in a sliding mode through a guide rail, the construction vehicle drives the slotting device to move up and down on the construction auxiliary frame through the traction device to slot soil, and the adsorption replacement device is placed in a soil groove; the grooving device comprises a sliding seat, a hydraulic motor, a driving roller, a supporting shaft, a grooving crawler, a grooving cutter head, a crawler bracket, a reversing roller and rolling riding wheels, wherein the lower surface of the sliding seat is connected with the outer side surface of the construction auxiliary frame through a guide rail, the upper surface of the sliding seat is connected with the driving roller and the supporting shaft which transversely penetrate through the crawler bracket through a support, the driving roller is arranged in the middle of the driving roller, the driving tube wheel is embedded at one end of the crawler bracket, the end part of the driving roller is connected with the hydraulic motor arranged on the sliding seat through a gear set, the hydraulic motor is connected with the output end of a hydraulic power device through a hydraulic pipeline, the other end of the crawler bracket is embedded with the reversing roller through the reversing roller, and a plurality of rolling riding wheels are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the crawler bracket; the grooved crawler is sleeved outside the driving roller and the reversing roller, and a plurality of grooved cutter heads are arranged on the outer surface of the grooved crawler.

2. The soil contaminant adsorption device of claim 1, wherein: the adsorption replacement device comprises an opening frame type barrel, a repair plate knife, a shaping filter screen, a wire mesh bag and adsorption particles, wherein the opening frame type barrel is a U-shaped barrel, a plate knife positioning groove is oppositely arranged at an opening on the side surface of the U-shaped barrel, positioning lugs are respectively arranged on two sides of the opening above the U-shaped barrel, and lifting lugs and studs are arranged on the positioning lugs; the repairing plate cutter is embedded in the plate cutter positioning groove; the inside silk screen bag that is equipped with adsorption particle is connected in the laminating of design filter screen internal surface, and the interior bottom surface of opening frame type barrel is connected in the laminating of design filter screen surface, and the design filter screen is the U type framework, is the rectangle after stretching out, and its top opening part middle part is equipped with the hoist and mount buckle, and top opening part both sides are equipped with the link that the soft rope is connected, and the link is hung on the post nail of location ear.

3. The soil contaminant adsorption device of claim 2, wherein: the repairing plate cutter comprises a rectangular cutter body, an anti-soil-clamping cutter head and a pull ring, wherein one end of the rectangular cutter body is provided with the pull ring, the other end of the rectangular cutter body is provided with a single-side inclined blade, the two right-angled parts of the end are provided with the anti-soil-clamping cutter head protruding out of the rectangular cutter body, and the anti-soil-clamping cutter head and the rectangular cutter body on the side are provided with the same single-side inclined blade; the cross section of the opening of the plate cutter positioning groove is in an isosceles trapezoid shape.

4. The soil contaminant adsorption device of claim 2, wherein: the silk screen bag is a rectangular fiber cotton bag, the diameter of meshes of the silk screen bag is smaller than the particle size of the adsorption particles, a plurality of anti-drum pull buckles are arranged on the silk screen bag, and two opposite anti-drum pull buckles are connected through a soft rope.

5. The soil contaminant adsorption device of claim 2, wherein: the shaping filter screen comprises two filter screens and connecting soft cloth, wherein the two filter screens are respectively connected to two sides of the connecting soft cloth, hanging rings and hoisting buckles buckled with each other are respectively arranged on the other sides of the two filter screens, and the diameters of meshes of the filter screens are 1-6 cm.

6. The soil contaminant adsorption device of claim 2, wherein: the material of the adsorption particles is active carbon, zeolite, silica gel, alumina, polyamide or a mixture thereof, and the particle size range of the adsorption particles is 0.001-5 mm.

7. The soil contaminant adsorption device of claim 1, wherein: the traction device comprises a winding wheel shaft, a steel wire rope and a fixed pulley, wherein the winding wheel shaft drives the steel wire rope to reciprocate under the driving of a power device of the construction vehicle, and the steel wire rope realizes the up-and-down motion of the directional traction slotting device on the construction auxiliary frame through the fixed pulley.

8. The soil contaminant adsorption device of claim 1, wherein: the grooving cutter head comprises a fixed bottom plate and a scraper, the fixed bottom plate is fixed on the outer surface of the grooving crawler through a countersunk head bolt, a straight line where a blade of the scraper is located is parallel to the moving direction of the grooving crawler, an included angle between the straight line and the movement direction of the grooving crawler is alpha, and alpha is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees.

9. A method of using the soil contaminant adsorption device of claim 1, wherein: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

step 1, lifting the construction auxiliary frame by a lifting device on a construction vehicle, then placing the construction auxiliary frame at a proper position, putting down the slotting device by a traction device, moving the traction device downwards along a dovetail groove type guide rail under the action of gravity, starting a hydraulic power device to drive a hydraulic motor to drive a driving roller under the action of gravity, driving the slotting track by the driving roller, and throwing soil to the side surface of the slotting track by a slotting tool bit on the driving roller so as to dig out a soil groove.

And 2, extending the open frame-shaped cylinder into the opened soil tank, wherein the inclined depth of the soil tank is 1.2-1.5 times of that of the open frame-shaped cylinder, sequentially placing the open frame-shaped cylinder of the adsorption replacement device into a reserved filling plate and a shaped filter screen, placing a silk screen bag filled with adsorption particles into the shaped filter screen, irrigating the soil, and contacting the shaped filter screen and the silk screen bag after the soil is settled so as to generate permeation and ion adsorption phenomena with the adsorption particles.

And 3, when the adsorption particles are replaced for the second time, drawing out the reserved filling plate, pulling out the shaping filter screen, scraping the drum belly part of the settled soil by using the repairing plate knife, finally, repairing the soil tank regularly through the reciprocating motion of the repairing plate knife in the plate knife positioning groove, performing circulating adsorption as the same as that during primary installation again, and filling the soil tank with the soil reserved in situ after the adsorption times are reached.

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