CN114041349A - A kind of sweet potato seedling recovery machine and recovery method - Google Patents

A kind of sweet potato seedling recovery machine and recovery method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114041349A
CN114041349A CN202111523842.1A CN202111523842A CN114041349A CN 114041349 A CN114041349 A CN 114041349A CN 202111523842 A CN202111523842 A CN 202111523842A CN 114041349 A CN114041349 A CN 114041349A
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China
Prior art keywords
seedling
shaft
winding
seedling picking
frame
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CN202111523842.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张万枝
王万帅
吕钊钦
史春余
穆桂脂
郑文秀
柳洪娟
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Priority to CN202111523842.1A priority Critical patent/CN114041349A/en
Publication of CN114041349A publication Critical patent/CN114041349A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D23/00—Topping machines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
    • A01D33/06—Haulm-cutting mechanisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
    • A01D33/10—Crop collecting devices, with or without weighing apparatus
    • A01D33/105—Devices for gathering the crop in a row
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
    • A01D33/12—Driving mechanisms, with or without motor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D91/00—Methods for harvesting agricultural products
    • A01D91/04—Products growing above the soil

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a sweet potato seedling vine recovering machine and a recovering method, which comprises a frame, a disc cutter, a seedling picking mechanism, an anti-winding mechanism and a seedling picking conveying belt, wherein the disc cutter, the seedling picking mechanism, the anti-winding mechanism and the seedling picking conveying belt are sequentially arranged on the frame from front to back, the seedling picking mechanism comprises a seedling picking shaft which is transversely and axially connected on the frame, a plurality of seedling picking rod groups fixedly connected on the seedling picking shaft and a plurality of wing-shaped cutter groups fixedly connected on the seedling picking shaft, the seedling picking rod groups comprise a plurality of seedling picking rods which are circumferentially arranged along the seedling picking shaft, the wing-shaped cutter groups comprise a plurality of wing-shaped cutters which are circumferentially arranged along the seedling picking shaft, the anti-winding mechanism comprises an anti-winding shaft which is transversely and axially connected on the frame and a plurality of anti-winding cutter groups fixedly connected on the anti-winding shaft, the anti-winding cutter groups comprise a plurality of anti-winding cutters which are circumferentially arranged along the anti-winding shaft, the lower part of the seedling picking shaft rotates forwards, the invention can cut seedlings and collect and recover the seedlings to be used as feed, not only reduces the spread of plant diseases and insect pests, but also improves the economic benefit of sweet potato planting.

Description

Sweet potato vine recovery machine and recovery method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery equipment, in particular to the field of sweet potato seedling and vine recovery equipment, and specifically relates to a sweet potato seedling and vine recovery machine and a recovery method.
Background
When the domestic sweet potato is harvested, the sweet potato seedling vines are crushed and returned to the field, namely, a seedling killing machine is adopted, the seedling vines are cut up through a seedling killing knife, the cut seedling vines are scattered on potato ridges, and the operation mode easily causes pest and disease damage propagation. In addition, the sweet potato seedling vines are extremely rich in nutrition and very suitable for being used as feed, and the seedling vines scattered on potato ridges cannot be recycled, so that the resource is greatly wasted. However, related machines for recovering the sweet potato seedling vines in China are almost zero at present, manual seedling cutting recovery is mainly used, labor intensity is high, and development of the sweet potato industry is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the sweet potato vine recovering machine and the recovering method which have simple structure and convenient operation. The seedling vines can be cut off and recovered in a centralized manner to be used as feed, so that the disease and insect pest propagation is reduced, and the economic benefit of sweet potato planting is improved.
The invention provides a sweet potato vine recovering machine and a recovering method, which are realized by the following technical scheme, and comprise a rack, a disc cutter, a vine picking mechanism, an anti-winding mechanism and a vine picking conveying belt which are sequentially arranged on the rack from front to back, the seedling picking mechanism comprises a seedling picking shaft which is transversely and axially connected with the frame, a plurality of seedling picking rod groups which are fixedly connected with the seedling picking shaft and a plurality of wing-shaped cutter groups which are fixedly connected with the seedling picking shaft, the seedling picking rod group comprises a plurality of seedling picking rods which are circumferentially arranged along a seedling picking shaft, the wing-shaped cutter group comprises a plurality of wing-shaped cutters which are circumferentially arranged along the seedling picking shaft, the anti-winding mechanism comprises an anti-winding shaft which is horizontally pivoted on the frame and a plurality of anti-winding cutter groups which are fixedly connected on the anti-winding shaft, the anti-winding knife group comprises a plurality of anti-winding knives which are circumferentially arranged along the anti-winding shaft, the lower part of the seedling picking shaft rotates forwards, the anti-winding shaft is positioned above the seedling picking shaft, and the anti-winding shaft and the seedling picking shaft rotate in the same direction.
In the scheme, the disc cutter preliminarily cuts off the seedling vines in the furrows; the lower end of a seedling picking shaft in the seedling picking mechanism rotates forwards, a seedling picking rod picks up a seedling vine which is cut off preliminarily upwards, the seedling vine is thrown backwards from the upper part of the seedling picking shaft, and the joint of the seedling vine and the root is cut off by a wing-shaped knife; the seedling vines are cut off rapidly by the reverse movement of the anti-winding knife in the anti-winding mechanism and the seedling vines above the seedling picking shaft, the seedling vines are thrown onto the seedling picking conveying belt under the dual actions of inertia and air flow, and the seedling vines are conveyed to a matched recovery machine through the seedling picking conveying belt, so that the recovery of the seedling vines is realized.
As optimization, the seedling picking rod groups are arranged at two ends of the seedling picking shaft, the wing-shaped cutter groups are arranged in the middle of the seedling picking shaft, the seedling picking rods in the adjacent seedling picking rod groups are arranged in a staggered mode along the circumferential direction, and the wing-shaped cutters in the adjacent wing-shaped cutter groups are arranged in a staggered mode along the circumferential direction. In the scheme, the seedling picking rod group is arranged at two ends of the seedling picking shaft, the wing-shaped cutter group is arranged in the middle of the seedling picking shaft, so that two ends of seedling vines which are primarily cut off are picked up through the seedling picking rod in the seedling picking rod group, the wing-shaped cutter group is arranged in the middle of the seedling vines and cuts off the connection part of the middle part and the roots of the seedling vines, the seedling picking rods in the adjacent seedling picking rod group are arranged in a staggered mode along the circumferential direction, the seedling vines are convenient to pick up, the wing-shaped cutters in the adjacent wing-shaped cutter group are arranged in a staggered mode along the circumferential direction, and the roots are convenient to cut off through the staggered wing-shaped cutters.
As optimization, the seedling picking rod close to the end part of the seedling picking shaft is an elastic telescopic rod. The seedling pole of choosing that is close to in this scheme choose seedling axle tip is elastic telescopic link, and the ridge height when adaptable different environment prevents that the tip from choosing in the seedling pole deep falls into the soil and hinder work.
Preferably, the anti-winding cutter group and the seedling picking rod group are arranged in a staggered manner along the length direction of the seedling picking shaft. In the scheme, the anti-winding cutter group and the seedling picking rod group are arranged in a staggered mode, and the seedling vines can be picked and cut off in a staggered mode.
Preferably, the length of the anti-winding knives close to the end parts of the anti-winding shafts is larger than that of the anti-winding knives close to the middle parts of the anti-winding shafts, and the anti-winding knives in the adjacent anti-winding knife groups are arranged in a staggered mode along the circumferential direction. The anti-winding knife close to the end part of the anti-winding shaft in the scheme is longer in length, so that the seedling vines at the end part are cut off emphatically.
Preferably, the seedling picking conveying belt comprises a longitudinal conveying belt and a transverse conveying belt, the longitudinal conveying belt is conveyed backwards, the transverse conveying belt is conveyed to one side, the feeding end of the longitudinal conveying belt is located behind the seedling picking shaft, and the discharging end of the longitudinal conveying belt is located above the feeding end of the transverse conveying belt. In the scheme, the seedling vines are thrown onto the longitudinal conveying belt, the longitudinal conveying belt conveys the seedling vines to the transverse conveying belt, and finally the transverse conveying belt conveys the seedling vines to a matched recovery machine.
As optimization, the feeding end of the transverse conveying belt is hinged with the rack, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the discharging end of the transverse conveying belt to swing up and down. Hydraulic cylinder drives the discharge end luffing motion in this scheme to adjust the height of horizontal conveyer belt discharge end, adapt to different recovery machines.
Preferably, the rear end of the rack is provided with a profiling mechanism, the profiling mechanism comprises an expansion bracket and a profiling wheel supported on the ground, and the profiling wheel is connected with the rack through the expansion bracket which extends up and down. The profile modeling wheel in this scheme supports subaerial, and the expansion bracket can stretch out and draw back from top to bottom and adjust, ridge height when adaptable different environment.
Preferably, a gearbox is arranged on the rack, the gearbox is respectively connected with the seedling picking shaft, the anti-winding shaft and the longitudinal conveying belt through a transmission belt, the gearbox is connected with the transverse conveying belt through a universal transmission device, and the universal transmission device comprises a transmission shaft and universal joints connected to two ends of the transmission shaft. The gearbox in the scheme is connected with a power system, and transmits power to the seedling picking shaft, the anti-winding shaft, the longitudinal conveying belt and the transverse conveying belt.
A recovery method of sweet potato seedling vines comprises the following steps:
a. the machine frame is driven to move in the furrows by a traction mechanism, and the seedling vines in the furrows are primarily cut off by a disc cutter at the front end of the machine frame;
b. the lower end of a seedling picking shaft in the seedling picking mechanism rotates forwards, a seedling picking rod picks up a seedling vine which is cut off preliminarily upwards, the seedling vine is thrown backwards from the upper part of the seedling picking shaft, and the joint of the seedling vine and the root is cut off by a wing-shaped knife;
c. the seedling vines are cut off rapidly by the reverse movement of an anti-winding knife in the anti-winding mechanism and the seedling vines above the seedling picking shaft, the seedling vines are thrown onto a longitudinal conveying belt under the dual actions of inertia and air flow, the longitudinal conveying belt conveys the seedling vines to a transverse conveying belt, and finally the transverse conveying belt conveys the seedling vines to a matched recovery machine;
d. the height of the discharge end of the transverse conveying belt is adjusted through the up-and-down swing of the discharge end of the transverse conveying belt.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the seedling picking mechanism is provided with a seedling picking rod and a wing-shaped cutter, the anti-winding mechanism is provided with an anti-winding cutter, messy tendrils can be cut into broken seedlings with basically consistent sizes through high-speed rotation of the seedling picking mechanism and the anti-winding mechanism, the treatment efficiency of the tendrils is improved, and the tendrils are prevented from being wound.
The longitudinal and transverse conveying belts are adopted, the conveying angle can be adjusted through the transverse conveying belts, and the chopped seedling vines can be collected in a centralized manner through the matching of the longitudinal and transverse conveying belts, so that the subsequent feeding treatment is facilitated, the economic benefit of sweet potato planting is improved, and the spread of plant diseases and insect pests is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a left side view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a rear view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the seedling picking mechanism and the anti-tangling mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the seedling picking mechanism and the anti-winding mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a right side view of the outermost seedling picking rod;
shown in the figure:
1-suspension, 2-frame, 3-disc cutter, 4-seedling picking rod, 5-wing type cutter, 6-seedling picking shaft, 7-seedling picking spring, 8-circular sleeve cylinder, 9-seedling picking telescopic rod, 10-anti-winding shaft, 11-anti-winding cutter holder, 12-anti-winding cutter, 13-longitudinal conveying belt, 14-transverse conveying belt, 15-profiling wheel, 16-telescopic frame, 17-hydraulic oil cylinder, 18-adjustable bracket, 19-conveying belt baffle, 20-transmission shaft, 21-universal joint, 22-gear box, 23-cover plate, 24-seedling picking mechanism, 25-anti-winding mechanism, 26-profiling mechanism, 27-seedling picking conveying belt and 28-universal transmission device.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by way of specific embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-7, the sweet potato vine recovering machine and the recovering method thereof comprise a frame 2, and a disc cutter 3, a vine picking mechanism 24, an anti-winding mechanism 25 and a vine picking conveying belt 27 which are sequentially arranged on the frame 2 from front to back.
The front end of the frame 2 is fixedly connected with a suspension 1, the frame 2 is installed on a traction mechanism through the suspension 1, the traction mechanism drives the frame 2 to walk between ridges, and the traction mechanism generally adopts a tractor.
The disc cutters 3 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the rack 2, the disc cutters 3 are connected to the rack 2 in a shaft mode, and the disc cutters 3 roll on the ground to cut off the seedling vines preliminarily.
The rear end of frame 2 is equipped with profiling mechanism 26, profiling mechanism 26 includes expansion bracket 16 and supports profiling wheel 15 subaerial, profiling wheel 15 is connected with frame 2 through expansion bracket 16 flexible from top to bottom, and the height of expansion bracket 16 is adjustable, ridge height when adaptable different environment. The telescopic frame 16 can be positioned by inserting two sleeves together and passing through the two sleeves through bolts, the sleeves are provided with a plurality of positioning holes, and the bolts pass through different positioning holes to adjust the height.
Choose seedling mechanism 24 to choose seedling pole group and a plurality of wing section sword group of rigid coupling on choosing seedling epaxial 6 are chosen including horizontal coupling choosing seedling axle 6, the rigid coupling in the frame 2 choosing seedling epaxial 6, choose seedling pole group to include that a plurality of is choosing seedling pole 4 of choosing that 6 circumference of seedling axle were arranged along choosing, wing section sword group includes that a plurality of is along choosing the wing section sword 5 that 6 circumference of seedling axle were arranged.
The seedling picking rod groups are arranged at two ends of the seedling picking shaft 6, 3 groups of seedling picking rod groups are respectively arranged at two ends of the seedling picking shaft 6 in the embodiment, the seedling picking rods 4 in the adjacent seedling picking rod groups are circumferentially staggered, the seedling picking rod groups are arranged at two sides of a potato ridge for the seedling picking mechanism 24, bent rods are arranged at the end parts of the seedling picking rods 4, the bending direction of the bent rods is opposite to the rotating direction of the seedling picking shaft, so that seedling vines are prevented from being wound on the seedling picking rods 4, and the seedling vines are convenient to separate from the seedling picking rods 4.
The wing-shaped cutter set is arranged in the middle of the seedling picking shaft 6, 3 wing-shaped cutter sets are arranged in the middle of the seedling picking shaft 6 in the embodiment, and the wing-shaped cutters 5 in the adjacent wing-shaped cutter sets are arranged in a staggered mode along the circumferential direction. The wing-shaped knife group is positioned between the seedling picking rod groups, the height of the wing-shaped knife group is less than that of the seedling picking rod group, as shown in figure 5, the cutting edge of the wing-shaped knife 5 faces to the rotating direction, and the cutting edge is transversely arranged and used for cutting off the connection between the seedling vines and the roots.
The seedling picking rod 4 close to the end part of the seedling picking shaft 6 is an elastic telescopic rod, and the arrangement is to adapt to different ridge heights, so that the seedling picking rod 4 is prevented from being trapped in soil deeply to hinder the work.
In order to realize elastic expansion, two groups of seedling picking rods at the outermost side are arranged to be hollow tubular structures, seedling picking springs 7 are arranged in the tubular structures, the end parts of the tubular structures are fixedly connected with circular sleeve barrels 8, the inner holes of the circular sleeve barrels are smaller than the inner holes of the tubular structures, seedling picking telescopic rods 9 penetrate through the circular sleeve barrels 8 and then are inserted into the tubular structures, the seedling picking telescopic rods 9 abut against the seedling picking springs 7, the diameters of the end parts of the seedling picking telescopic rods are the same as the inner holes of the tubular structures, and the seedling picking telescopic rods 9 are prevented from being disengaged. The end part of the seedling picking telescopic rod 9 is provided with a bent rod, and the bending direction of the bent rod is opposite to the rotating direction of the seedling picking shaft 6.
The anti-winding mechanism 25 comprises an anti-winding shaft 10 which is horizontally pivoted on the rack 2 and a plurality of anti-winding cutter sets which are fixedly connected on the anti-winding shaft 10, the anti-winding shaft 10 is parallel to the seedling picking shaft 6, and as shown in fig. 1, the anti-winding shaft 10 is positioned above the seedling picking shaft 6. The anti-winding shaft 10 is positioned behind the seedling picking shaft 6.
A cover plate 23 positioned above the anti-winding mechanism 25 is fixedly connected to the frame 2.
As shown in fig. 5, the anti-winding knife sets are provided with 10 sets, two ends are respectively provided with 5 sets, the two ends are symmetrically arranged, and the anti-winding knife sets and the seedling picking rod sets are arranged in a staggered mode along the length direction of the seedling picking shaft 6.
The anti-winding cutter set comprises a plurality of anti-winding cutters 12 which are circumferentially arranged along the anti-winding shaft 10, the anti-winding cutter holder 11 is welded on the anti-winding shaft 10, and the anti-winding cutters 12 are fixed on the anti-winding cutter holder 11 through bolts and are convenient to replace. The end parts of the anti-winding knives 12 are inserted between the adjacent seedling picking rod groups, and the anti-winding knives 12 in the adjacent anti-winding knife groups are arranged in a staggered mode along the circumferential direction.
The length of the anti-winding knife near the end of the anti-winding shaft 10 is greater than the length of the anti-winding knife near the middle of the anti-winding shaft 10, the anti-winding knives 12 in this embodiment have different blade lengths, and are divided into short knives and long knives, wherein the long knives are arranged in 3 groups of anti-winding knife groups near the end of the anti-winding shaft 10, and the short knives are arranged in 2 groups of anti-winding knife groups near the middle of the anti-winding shaft 10.
The seedling picking shaft 6 rotates forwards in the lower direction, the anti-winding shaft 10 and the seedling picking shaft 6 rotate in the same direction, and as shown in figure 1, the seedling picking shaft 6 and the anti-winding shaft 10 both rotate clockwise.
The seedling picking conveying belt 27 comprises a longitudinal conveying belt 13 for conveying backwards and a transverse conveying belt 14 for conveying towards one side, the feeding end of the longitudinal conveying belt 13 is positioned behind the seedling picking shaft 6, and the discharging end of the longitudinal conveying belt 13 is positioned above the feeding end of the transverse conveying belt 14. The transverse conveying belt 14 is further fixedly connected with a conveying belt baffle 19, the conveying belt baffle 19 can avoid the phenomenon that broken seedlings cannot be conveyed due to overlarge gradient of the transverse conveying belt 14, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
The feeding end of the transverse conveying belt 14 is hinged with the frame 2, and the transverse conveying belt further comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder 17 for driving the discharging end of the transverse conveying belt 14 to swing up and down. Horizontal conveyor belt 14 is two segmentations, including horizontal segment and slope section, and the horizontal segment is articulated with the slope section, and the one end that the slope section was kept away from to the horizontal segment is the feed end, and the feed end is articulated with frame 2, still articulates in the frame to have adjustable support 18, and adjustable support 18's lower extreme is articulated with frame 2, and the upper end is articulated with the upper end of slope section, and hydraulic cylinder 17's one end is articulated with frame 2, and the other end is articulated with adjustable support 18
The adjustable support 18 is driven to swing through the hydraulic oil cylinder 17, the upper end of the inclined section is driven to swing up and down through the adjustable support 18, the horizontal section swings up and down at the moment, and the hinge point of the lower end of the adjustable support 18 is close to the hinge point of the horizontal section and the inclined section as much as possible, so that the up-and-down swing amplitude of the horizontal section is reduced.
The machine frame 2 is provided with a gearbox 22, the gearbox 22 is respectively connected with the seedling picking shaft 6, the anti-winding shaft 10 and the longitudinal conveying belt 13 through a transmission belt, the gearbox 22 is connected with the transverse conveying belt 14 through a universal transmission device 28, and the universal transmission device 28 comprises a transmission shaft 20 and universal joints 21 connected to two ends of the transmission shaft 20.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the seedling picking mechanism 24 and the anti-winding mechanism 25 are arranged on the frame 2 in parallel, the arrangement direction of the longitudinal conveyor belt 13 is inclined towards the rear upper side along the machine traveling direction, the arrangement direction of the transverse conveyor belt 14 is perpendicular to the machine traveling direction, and the transverse conveyor belt 14 is supported by the frame 2 and the adjustable bracket 18.
One end of an output shaft of the gear box 22 is provided with a belt pulley, the belt pulley of the output shaft of the gear box 22 is in belt transmission with the longitudinal conveying belt 13 by means of a belt, one end of the seedling picking shaft 6 is provided with a belt pulley, and the longitudinal conveying belt 13 is in belt transmission with the seedling picking shaft 6 through the belt pulley.
The other end of the output shaft of the gearbox is connected with a second gearbox, one end of the output shaft of the second gearbox is provided with a belt pulley, one end of the anti-winding shaft 10 is provided with a belt pulley, the second gearbox is in belt transmission with the anti-winding shaft 10 by means of a belt transmission device, the other end of the output shaft of the second gearbox is provided with a universal joint 21, and the universal joint 21 is in shaft transmission with the transverse conveying belt 14 through a transmission shaft 20, namely the universal transmission device 28.
A recovery method of sweet potato seedling vines comprises the following steps:
a. the machine frame 2 is driven to move in the furrows by a traction mechanism, and the seedling vines in the furrows are primarily cut off by a disc cutter 3 at the front end of the machine frame 2;
b. the lower end of a seedling picking shaft 6 in the seedling picking mechanism rotates forwards, a seedling picking rod 4 lifts a seedling vine which is cut off preliminarily upwards, the seedling vine is thrown backwards from the upper part of the seedling picking shaft 6, and the connecting part of the seedling vine and the root is cut off by a wing-shaped knife 5;
c. the seedling vines are cut off rapidly by the reverse movement of the anti-winding knife 12 in the anti-winding mechanism and the seedling vines above the seedling picking shaft 6, the seedling vines are thrown to the longitudinal conveying belt under the dual action of inertia and air flow, the longitudinal conveying belt conveys the seedling vines to the transverse conveying belt, and finally the transverse conveying belt conveys the seedling vines to a matched recovery machine;
d. the height of the discharge end of the transverse conveying belt is adjusted through the up-and-down swing of the discharge end of the transverse conveying belt.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be implemented by or using the prior art, and will not be described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and shall also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种甘薯秧蔓回收机，其特征在于：包括机架（2）以及自前向后依次安装在机架（2）上的圆盘切刀（3）、挑秧机构（24）、防缠机构（25）和挑秧输送带（27），所述挑秧机构（24）包括横向轴接在机架（2）上的挑秧轴（6）、固接在挑秧轴（6）上的若干个挑秧杆组以及固接在挑秧轴（6）上的若干个翼型刀组，所述挑秧杆组包括若干个沿挑秧轴（6）周向排布的挑秧杆（4），所述翼型刀组包括若干个沿挑秧轴（6）周向排布的翼型刀（5），所述防缠机构（25）包括横向轴接在机架（2）上的防缠轴（10）以及固接在防缠轴（10）上的若干个防缠刀组，所述防缠刀组包括若干个沿防缠轴（10）周向排布的防缠刀（12），所述挑秧轴（6）的下方向前转动，所述防缠轴（10）位于挑秧轴（6）上方且防缠轴（10）与挑秧轴（6）转向相同。1. A sweet potato seedling recovery machine, characterized in that: it comprises a frame (2) and a disc cutter (3), a seedling picking mechanism (24), a disc cutter (3), a seedling picking mechanism (24), a A wrapping mechanism (25) and a seedling-lifting conveyor belt (27), the seedling-lifting mechanism (24) comprises a seedling-lifting shaft (6) axially connected to the frame (2), and a seedling-lifting shaft (6) fixedly connected to the frame (2). Several seedling lifting rod groups on the upper seedling and several airfoil-shaped knife groups fixed on the seedling lifting shaft (6), the seedling lifting rod group comprises a plurality of seedling lifting rods arranged along the circumferential direction of the seedling lifting shaft (6) The rod (4), the airfoil-shaped knife group includes a plurality of airfoil-shaped knives (5) circumferentially arranged along the seedling shaft (6), and the anti-winding mechanism (25) includes a transverse shaft connected to the frame (2). ) on the anti-winding shaft (10) and several anti-winding knife groups fixed on the anti-winding shaft (10), the anti-winding knife group includes a plurality of anti-winding knife groups arranged along the circumference of the anti-winding shaft (10) The wrapping knife (12), the lower part of the seedling lifting shaft (6) rotates forward, the anti-winding shaft (10) is located above the seedling lifting shaft (6) and the anti-winding shaft (10) is connected to the seedling lifting shaft (6) Steering the same. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘薯秧蔓回收机，其特征在于：所述挑秧杆组设置在挑秧轴（6）两端，所述翼型刀组设置在挑秧轴（6）中部，相邻挑秧杆组中的挑秧杆（4）沿周向交错设置，相邻翼型刀组中的翼型刀（5）沿周向交错设置。2. A sweet potato seedling recovery machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting rods are arranged at both ends of the lifting shaft (6), and the airfoil cutter group is arranged at the lifting shaft (6). 6) In the middle, the seedling lifting rods (4) in the adjacent seedling lifting rod groups are staggered along the circumferential direction, and the airfoil knives (5) in the adjacent airfoil-shaped knife groups are staggered along the circumferential direction. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘薯秧蔓回收机，其特征在于：靠近挑秧轴（6）端部的挑秧杆（4）为弹性伸缩杆。3 . The sweet potato seedling recovery machine according to claim 1 , wherein the seedling lifting rod ( 4 ) near the end of the seedling lifting shaft ( 6 ) is an elastic telescopic rod. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘薯秧蔓回收机，其特征在于：所述防缠刀组与挑秧杆组沿挑秧轴（6）长度方向交错设置。4 . The sweet potato seedling recovery machine according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-wrapping knife group and the seedling lifting rod group are staggered along the length direction of the seedling lifting shaft ( 6 ). 5 . 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘薯秧蔓回收机，其特征在于：靠近防缠轴（10）端部的防缠刀的长度大于靠近防缠轴（10）中部的防缠刀的长度，相邻防缠刀组中的防缠刀（12）沿周向交错设置。5. A sweet potato seedling recovery machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the anti-winding knife near the end of the anti-winding shaft (10) is greater than the length of the anti-winding knife near the middle of the anti-winding shaft (10). length, the anti-winding knives (12) in the adjacent anti-winding knife groups are arranged staggered in the circumferential direction. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘薯秧蔓回收机，其特征在于：所述挑秧输送带（27）包括向后输送的纵向输送带（13）以及向一侧输送的横向输送带（14），所述纵向输送带（13）的进料端位于挑秧轴（6）后方，所述纵向输送带（13）的出料端位于横向输送带（14）进料端的上方。6 . The sweet potato seedling recovery machine according to claim 1 , wherein the seedling lifting conveyor belt ( 27 ) comprises a longitudinal conveyor belt ( 13 ) that is conveyed backwards and a transverse conveyor belt that is conveyed to one side. 7 . (14), the feed end of the longitudinal conveyor belt (13) is located behind the raising shaft (6), and the discharge end of the longitudinal conveyor belt (13) is located above the feed end of the transverse conveyor belt (14). 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种甘薯秧蔓回收机，其特征在于：所述横向输送带（14）的进料端与机架（2）铰接，还包括驱动横向输送带（14）出料端上下摆动的液压油缸（17）。7. A sweet potato seedling recovery machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the feed end of the transverse conveyor belt (14) is hinged to the frame (2), and further comprises a driving transverse conveyor belt (14) The hydraulic cylinder (17) swings up and down at the discharge end. 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种甘薯秧蔓回收机，其特征在于：所述机架（2）的后端装有仿形机构（26），所述仿形机构（26）包括伸缩架（16）以及支撑在地面上的仿形轮（15），所述仿形轮（15）通过上下伸缩的伸缩架（16）与机架（2）连接。8 . The sweet potato seedling recovery machine according to claim 1 , wherein: the rear end of the frame ( 2 ) is equipped with a profiling mechanism ( 26 ), and the profiling mechanism ( 26 ) comprises a telescopic mechanism ( 8 ) . A frame (16) and a profiling wheel (15) supported on the ground, the profiling wheel (15) is connected to the frame (2) through an up and down telescopic frame (16). 9.根据权利要求6所述的一种甘薯秧蔓回收机，其特征在于：所述机架（2）上装有变速箱（22），所述变速箱（22）分别通过传动皮带与挑秧轴（6）、防缠轴（10）和纵向输送带（13）连接，所述变速箱（22）通过万向传动装置（28）与横向输送带（14）连接，所述万向传动装置（28）包括传动轴（20）以及连接在传动轴（20）两端的万向节（21）。9 . The sweet potato seedling recovery machine according to claim 6 , wherein the frame ( 2 ) is equipped with a gearbox ( 22 ), and the gearbox ( 22 ) is connected to the pickling through a transmission belt, respectively. 10 . The shaft (6), the anti-winding shaft (10) and the longitudinal conveyor belt (13) are connected, and the gearbox (22) is connected with the transverse conveyor belt (14) through a universal transmission device (28), the universal transmission device (28) includes a transmission shaft (20) and a universal joint (21) connected to both ends of the transmission shaft (20). 10.一种甘薯秧蔓的回收方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：10. a recovery method of sweet potato seedlings, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: a.通过牵引机构带动机架在垄沟内移动，通过机架前端的圆盘切刀把垄沟内秧蔓进行初步切断；a. Drive the frame to move in the ditch through the traction mechanism, and preliminarily cut the vines in the ditch by the disc cutter at the front end of the frame; b.挑秧机构中挑秧轴下端向前转动，通过挑秧杆将初步切断的秧蔓向上挑起，并从挑秧轴上方向后抛送，通过翼型刀将秧蔓与根部的连接处进行切断；b. The lower end of the seedling shaft in the seedling-lifting mechanism rotates forward, and the preliminarily cut seedlings are lifted up by the seedling rod, and are thrown backward from the upward direction of the seedlings, and the connection between the seedlings and the root is made by the airfoil knife. cut off; c. 通过防缠机构中防缠刀与挑秧轴上方的秧蔓反向移动，快速将秧蔓进行切断，在惯性和气流双重作用下秧蔓被抛送到纵向输送带上，纵向输送带再将秧蔓输送到横向输送带，最后横向输送带将秧蔓输送到配套的回收机器中；c. The anti-winding knife in the anti-winding mechanism moves in the opposite direction with the vines above the pickling shaft, and the vines are quickly cut off. Under the dual action of inertia and airflow, the vines are thrown to the longitudinal conveyor belt, and the longitudinal conveyor belt The seedlings are then transported to the horizontal conveyor belt, and finally the horizontal conveyor belt transports the seedlings to the matching recycling machine; d.通过横向输送带出料端的上下摆动来调节横向输送带出料端的高度。d. Adjust the height of the discharge end of the lateral conveyor belt by swinging up and down the discharge end of the lateral conveyor belt.
CN202111523842.1A 2021-12-14 2021-12-14 A kind of sweet potato seedling recovery machine and recovery method Pending CN114041349A (en)

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