CN114040372A - Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system based on relay node - Google Patents
Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system based on relay node Download PDFInfo
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system based on a relay node, which comprises: collecting nodes: the Bluetooth module is fixed on the corresponding ammeter, is connected with the corresponding interface of the ammeter and is used for collecting user electricity utilization data and comprises a first power module and a first Bluetooth module; the sink node: the Bluetooth wireless remote control device is arranged outdoors and at a position with good signals, and comprises a third power module, a third Bluetooth module and a 4G module communicated with a master station; a relay node: the device comprises a first power module, a second Bluetooth module, a third Bluetooth module and a central node, wherein the first power module is used for transmitting data of collection nodes outside the radio range of the third Bluetooth module of the central node, and at least one communication link is ensured between each collection node and the central node; each node builds a Mesh network through the first Bluetooth module, the second Bluetooth module and the third Bluetooth module. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of reducing network cost, wide application range, suitability for severe environment of wireless data transmission environment, good universality and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of remote meter reading, in particular to a Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system based on a relay node.
Background
The existing wired meter reading technology has the problems of complex wiring, long polling time, poor anti-interference capability, high upgrading cost and the like. With the development of network communication technology, wireless data transmission technology is gradually applied to remote meter reading technology.
In the upgrading and transformation of old cells, the problem of overhigh cost of rewiring and upgrading can be effectively reduced by adopting a wireless data transmission technology to carry out remote meter reading. Most wireless remote meter reading schemes on the market at present use 4G, NB-IOT and Lora modes, a wireless communication module is arranged in an ammeter, the ammeter needs to be replaced during upgrading and reconstruction, the cost is high, the wireless communication mode needs to pay certain network communication charges, the network maintenance cost is high when the number of the ammeters is large, and according to the working characteristics of remote meter reading, a large number of communication modules in the same region need to perform concurrent communication during meter reading, the problem of network blockage exists, and the success rate of centralized meter reading is reduced.
Chinese patent CN113395346A discloses a local area network meter reading system based on NB-IOT, which collects electricity meter data in a WIFI local area network communication mode, and only uses one NB-IOT module to collect and upload the data in the local area network, thereby reducing concurrent network blocking and network communication charges, but the problem of high power consumption exists when the electricity meter data is transmitted in the WIFI communication mode, in a passive scene, the battery needs to be frequently replaced, the cost is increased, and the bandwidth is low in the NB-IOT mode, and the time consumption for transmitting all data in the local area network is long, therefore, while considering the network communication charges, the problems of power consumption, transmission time and the like also need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a remote meter reading system based on a Bluetooth Mesh network of a relay node.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a remote meter reading system of a Bluetooth Mesh network based on a relay node comprises:
collecting nodes: the Bluetooth module is fixed on the corresponding ammeter, is connected with the corresponding interface of the ammeter and is used for collecting user electricity utilization data and comprises a first power module and a first Bluetooth module;
the sink node: the Bluetooth wireless remote control device is arranged outdoors and at a position with good signals, and comprises a third power module, a third Bluetooth module and a 4G module communicated with a master station;
a relay node: the device comprises a first power module, a second Bluetooth module, a third Bluetooth module and a central node, wherein the first power module is used for transmitting data of collection nodes outside the radio range of the third Bluetooth module of the central node, and at least one communication link is ensured between each collection node and the central node;
each node builds a Mesh network through the first Bluetooth module, the second Bluetooth module and the third Bluetooth module, and data transmission is completed among the nodes through the Mesh network, wherein the transmitted data comprises meter reading instructions, ammeter data and node state information.
One main station is connected with one or more sink nodes, one sink node, a plurality of relay nodes and a plurality of acquisition nodes form a Mesh network together, and each acquisition node is correspondingly connected with one electric meter.
The network is distributed to the nodes through mobile phone apps or network distribution equipment, the network comprises key configuration of a network, model issuing and subscription address setting, the issuing address of a Sensor Server model of the collection node is set to be an aggregation node unicast address, the subscription address is set to be an electric meter group address, the issuing address of a Sensor Client model of the aggregation node is set to be an electric meter group address, the subscription address is set to be an electric meter group address, after the model issuing and subscription address setting is finished, the aggregation node issues query instructions to all the collection nodes in a Mesh network through issuing the query instructions to the electric meter group address, the uploading address of the electric meter data of the collection node is the aggregation node unicast address, the data can be only analyzed by the aggregation node with the corresponding model key, and the safety of user data is guaranteed.
The acquisition node and the relay node both have a relay function and are used for carrying out broadcast relay on a data packet which has a destination address in a radio scanning range, is not a unicast/subscription address of a node per se and has a TTL value larger than 1, and reducing the TTL value of the data packet by 1.
The collection node is connected with a 485 interface reserved by the electric meter through a UART-485 driving circuit, data exchange is carried out through a Modbus protocol, collected electric meter data are used as Sensor Server model data, and the exchanged data are backed up in a storage unit of the collection node.
The sink node performs data interaction with the main station through the 4G module, issues a query instruction to an electric meter group address in the Mesh network through the Sensor Client model according to a meter reading instruction issued by the main station, summarizes electric meter data returned by the collection node, uploads the collected electric meter data to the main station and backups the collected electric meter data in a storage unit of the sink node.
First bluetooth module, second bluetooth module and third bluetooth module be the bluetooth module of low-power consumption that supports the Mesh network, as the control and the data processing core of each node, operation BLE Mesh protocol stack, and all have OTA upgrading function, realize long-rangely carrying out OTA upgrading to control program, solve through long-range upgrading software rapidly when guaranteeing that the function problem appears in the use, avoid artifical manual close-range upgrading.
And the second Bluetooth module of the relay node has output power of more than +8dBm and is used for realizing data transmission in electric wells and basement scenes.
The third power module adopt the power supply of 3.7V lithium cell, first power module and second power module still adopt the commercial power supply except adopting the power supply of 3.7V lithium cell, wherein, commercial power supply is main power supply, if commercial power supply trouble, then automatic switch-over to the lithium cell power supply.
The meter reading system for meter reading comprises the following steps:
1) the master station issues a meter reading instruction according to the meter reading time regulation and transmits the meter reading instruction to the 4G module of the sink node through the operator network;
2) the 4G module awakens the sink node in the sleep state through the UART serial port and transmits a meter reading instruction of the master station to the third Bluetooth module;
3) the third Bluetooth module transmits a meter reading command to the acquisition node by sending the meter reading command to the electric meter group address according to the meter reading command of the master station, receives data in the Mesh network and times out;
4) the acquisition nodes and the relay nodes in the network receive the data packets to analyze, judge whether the network key is the network key, check the destination address if the network key is the network key, and analyze the acquisition nodes needing to be received by using corresponding application keys if the network key is the subscription address of the node and perform corresponding operation; if the address is not subscribed by the node, the node is a relay node, subtracting 1 from the TTL value of the data packet, broadcasting the data packet for relay, and if the TTL value is subtracted from 0, not performing relay;
5) after receiving the meter reading command of the sink node, the acquisition node inquires the electric meter through a UART-485 driving circuit according to a Modbus protocol, collects returned user electricity consumption data, sets a data destination address as a unicast address of the sink node, broadcasts a data packet and transmits the data packet to the sink node through a relay node;
6) the sink node collects a data packet with a destination address as a unicast address of the sink node and analyzes the power consumption data to store the power consumption data in the storage module, when the timeout timer times out, the user power consumption data obtained by the query is read out from the storage module, and the data is transmitted to the 4G module through a UART serial port and an AT command;
7) the 4G module transmits the received data to the master station through an operator network;
8) the master station analyzes the uploaded data and carries out secondary acquisition operation according to the uploaded data;
9) after waiting for the set time, the sink node does not receive the command issued by the master station and then performs the sleep state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the invention uses the existing electric meter interface, only adds the acquisition node part on the original electric meter, and avoids the cost of redesigning and replacing the electric meter.
The system adopts a free Bluetooth Mesh network to transmit data, only one 4G module is reserved for data uploading, network charge is reduced, and the problem of network congestion caused by concurrence during meter reading is avoided.
The Bluetooth Mesh network adopted by the system is based on a low-power-consumption Bluetooth protocol stack, the power consumption is low, the matched lithium battery can work for years, the system can be used in scenes with difficulty in replacing the battery and getting points, and the application range is wide.
The system adopts the Bluetooth Mesh network to transmit data, has the characteristics of dynamic self-organization, self-configuration and self-maintenance, does not need routing control, is convenient for nodes to enter and exit, designs a relay node with high output power, expands the network coverage range and is convenient to use in the environment with severe wireless data transmission environment.
And fifthly, the standard Sensor Server/Client model in the Bluetooth Mesh network is adopted, so that the development difficulty is low, the universality is good, the function upgrading is easy to be carried out along with the network standard in the later period, and the elimination is not easy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the remote meter reading system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an acquisition node.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a relay node.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sink node.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of meter reading in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present invention provides a bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system based on a relay node, which comprises three parts:
the first part is an acquisition node and comprises a power module, a storage unit, a Bluetooth module, a 485 driving circuit and a state display unit;
the second part is a relay node and comprises a power module, a storage unit, a Bluetooth module and a state display unit;
the third part is a sink node and comprises a power module, a storage unit, a Bluetooth module, a 4G module and a state display unit.
The remote meter reading system has the advantages that the number of the sink nodes, the number of the relay nodes and the number of the acquisition nodes are not unique, and the deployment operation of a plurality of sink nodes, relay nodes and acquisition nodes can be specifically carried out according to actual requirements.
The installation requires that the acquisition node is fixed on the electric meter and is connected with the corresponding interface of the electric meter through a UART-485 driving circuit; the sink node is arranged outdoors and at a good signal position, so that the communication reliability of the 4G module and the master station is ensured; the relay node is used for forwarding the data of the collection nodes outside the radio range of the Bluetooth module of the sink node, and at least one communication link between each collection node and the sink node is ensured.
In the installation process of the relay node, at least one communication link between each acquisition node and the sink node is ensured, the RSSI value detected between every two link nodes is more than-70 dBm, and the communication quality is ensured. The distance between the two and the RSSI value can be determined by the following formula:
D＝10((|RSSI|-A)/(10*n))
wherein D is the distance between the two; RSSI is a signal strength value of a node receiving another node; a is the signal strength when the transmitting end and the receiving end are separated by 1 meter; n is an environmental attenuation factor.
After the nodes are arranged, a network is distributed, a mobile phone app or a network distribution device can be adopted to distribute the network, a network key and a model key are configured for the nodes, the collection nodes, the relay nodes and the sink nodes are configured in the same Bluetooth Mesh network, the collection node Sensor Server model issuing address is set as a sink node unicast address, and the subscription address is set as an electric meter group address; the publishing address of the sink node Sensor Client model is set as an electric meter group address, and the subscribing address is set as an electric meter group address. After the setting is finished, the sink node can issue the query instruction to all the collection nodes in the Mesh network only by issuing the query instruction to the group address. The collection node ammeter data uploading address is a sink node unicast address, so that the data can be only analyzed by a sink node with a corresponding model key, and the safety of user data is guaranteed.
When the network is distributed, the display state modules of all the nodes can perform corresponding display according to the distribution network flow, wherein the display state modules include distribution network equipment identification, distribution network success, distribution network failure and LED flicker corresponding to different conditions.
The sink node carries out issuing and data gathering of checking meter execution with Mesh network through bluetooth module to connect through UART serial ports and 4G module, realize receiving master station meter reading instruction and send the summary data to the 4G module through the AT order, by 4G module with data transmission to master station, wherein the high in the clouds of 4G module sets up to pass through the mode.
The Bluetooth module used by the remote meter reading system has an OTA upgrading function, can remotely upgrade a control program through OTA, can be rapidly solved through remote upgrading software when the function problem occurs in the use process, and avoids manual close-range upgrading.
For a power supply part, a collection node is powered by a 3.7V lithium battery, a relay node can be powered by mains supply or a 3.7V lithium battery according to an actual arrangement position, a sink node needs to collect instrument data information in the whole network and needs to be powered by the mains supply, the 3.7V lithium battery serves as a standby power supply, and when the mains supply fails, the standby power supply is immediately switched to supply power.
As shown in fig. 4, based on the remote meter reading system, the remote meter reading system based on the bluetooth Mesh network of the invention for reading the meter comprises the following steps:
1) the master station issues a meter reading instruction according to the meter reading time regulation and transmits the meter reading instruction to the 4G module through an operator network;
2) the 4G module awakens the sink node in the sleep state through the UART serial port and transmits a master station meter reading instruction to the Bluetooth module;
3) the Bluetooth module transmits a meter reading command to the acquisition node by sending the meter reading command into the electric meter group address according to the master station meter reading command, receives data in the network and times out;
4) the nodes in the network receive the data packet to analyze, judge whether the network key is the network key, if so, check the destination address, if so, the nodes are the collection nodes needing to be received, analyze by using the corresponding application keys, and perform corresponding operation; and if the node is not subscribed with the information, the node is a relay node, the TTL value of the data packet is reduced by 1, and the data packet is broadcast and relayed. If the TTL value is reduced to 0, no relay is carried out;
5) after receiving the meter reading command of the sink node, the acquisition node inquires the electric meter through a UART-485 driving circuit according to a Modbus protocol, collects returned power consumption data, sets a data destination address as a unicast address of the sink node, broadcasts a data packet and transmits the data packet to the sink node through a relay node;
6) the sink node collects a data packet with a destination address as a unicast address of the sink node, analyzes the power consumption data, stores the power consumption data in the storage module, reads the power consumption data obtained by the query from the storage module when the timeout timer times out, and transmits the data to the 4G module through a UART serial port and an AT command;
7) the 4G module transmits the received transmission data to the master station through an operator network;
8) the master station analyzes the uploaded data and carries out operations such as secondary acquisition according to the uploaded data;
9) the sink node performs a dormant state after waiting for a period of time without receiving the command issued by the master station.
Claims (10)
1. A Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system based on a relay node is characterized by comprising:
collecting nodes: the Bluetooth module is fixed on the corresponding ammeter, is connected with the corresponding interface of the ammeter and is used for collecting user electricity utilization data and comprises a first power module and a first Bluetooth module;
the sink node: the Bluetooth wireless remote control device is arranged outdoors and at a position with good signals, and comprises a third power module, a third Bluetooth module and a 4G module communicated with a master station;
a relay node: the device comprises a first power module, a second Bluetooth module, a third Bluetooth module and a central node, wherein the first power module is used for transmitting data of collection nodes outside the radio range of the third Bluetooth module of the central node, and at least one communication link is ensured between each collection node and the central node;
each node builds a Mesh network through the first Bluetooth module, the second Bluetooth module and the third Bluetooth module, and data transmission is completed among the nodes through the Mesh network, wherein the transmitted data comprises meter reading instructions, ammeter data and node state information.
2. The Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system based on the relay nodes as claimed in claim 1, wherein a master station is connected with one or more sink nodes, one sink node, a plurality of relay nodes and a plurality of collection nodes form a Mesh network together, and each collection node is correspondingly connected with an electric meter.
3. The remote meter reading system of the Bluetooth Mesh network based on the relay node according to claim 1, wherein the nodes are distributed through a mobile phone app or a distribution network device, the system comprises a key configuration of the network and a model publishing and subscribing address setting, the publishing address of the Sensor Server model of the collection node is set as a sink node unicast address, the subscribing address is set as an electric meter group address, the publishing address of the Sensor Client model of the sink node is set as an electric meter group address, the subscribing address is set as an electric meter group address, after the model publishing and subscribing address setting is completed, the sink node publishes a query instruction to all the collection nodes in the Mesh network by publishing the query instruction to the electric meter group address, the uploading address of the electric meter data of the collection node is the sink node address, so that the data can only be parsed by the sink node with the corresponding model key, the security of the user data is ensured.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the collection node and the relay node each have a relay function for relaying a broadcast of a packet having a destination address within a radio scanning range that is not a unicast/subscription address of the own node and having a TTL value greater than 1, and reducing the TTL value of the packet by 1.
5. The Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system based on the relay node as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collection node is connected with a 485 interface reserved for an electric meter through a UART-485 driving circuit, and performs data exchange through a Modbus protocol, and the collected electric meter data is used as Sensor Server model data, and the exchanged data is backed up in a storage unit of the collection node.
6. The Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system based on the relay node as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sink node performs data interaction with the master station through a 4G module, issues a query instruction to an electric meter group address in the Mesh network through a Sensor Client model according to a meter reading instruction issued by the master station, summarizes electric meter data returned by the collection node, uploads the collected electric meter data to the master station and backups the collected electric meter data in a storage unit of the sink node.
7. The relay node-based Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system according to claim 1, wherein the first Bluetooth module, the second Bluetooth module and the third Bluetooth module are all low-power Bluetooth modules supporting a Mesh network, are used as control and data processing cores of each node, operate a BLE Mesh protocol stack, and have an OTA upgrade function, so that OTA upgrade of a control program is remotely performed, and it is ensured that functional problems occur in a use process and are quickly solved through remote upgrade software, thereby avoiding manual close-range upgrade.
8. The relay node-based Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system according to claim 1, wherein the second Bluetooth module of the relay node has an output power of +8dBm or more, so as to realize data transmission in electric wells and basement scenes.
9. The remote meter reading system based on the Bluetooth Mesh network of the relay node as claimed in claim 1, wherein the third power module is powered by a 3.7V lithium battery, the first power module and the second power module are powered by commercial power except the 3.7V lithium battery, wherein the commercial power is a main power supply, and if the commercial power fails, the power is automatically switched to the lithium battery.
10. The relay node-based Bluetooth Mesh network remote meter reading system according to claim 1, wherein the meter reading system is applied to meter reading and comprises the following steps:
1) the master station issues a meter reading instruction according to the meter reading time regulation and transmits the meter reading instruction to the 4G module of the sink node through the operator network;
2) the 4G module awakens the sink node in the sleep state through the UART serial port and transmits a meter reading instruction of the master station to the third Bluetooth module;
3) the third Bluetooth module transmits a meter reading command to the acquisition node by sending the meter reading command to the electric meter group address according to the meter reading command of the master station, receives data in the Mesh network and times out;
4) the acquisition nodes and the relay nodes in the network receive the data packets to analyze, judge whether the network key is the network key, check the destination address if the network key is the network key, and analyze the acquisition nodes needing to be received by using corresponding application keys if the network key is the subscription address of the node and perform corresponding operation; if the address is not subscribed by the node, the node is a relay node, subtracting 1 from the TTL value of the data packet, broadcasting the data packet for relay, and if the TTL value is subtracted from 0, not performing relay;
5) after receiving the meter reading command of the sink node, the acquisition node inquires the electric meter through a UART-485 driving circuit according to a Modbus protocol, collects returned user electricity consumption data, sets a data destination address as a unicast address of the sink node, broadcasts a data packet and transmits the data packet to the sink node through a relay node;
6) the sink node collects a data packet with a destination address as a unicast address of the sink node and analyzes the power consumption data to store the power consumption data in the storage module, when the timeout timer times out, the user power consumption data obtained by the query is read out from the storage module, and the data is transmitted to the 4G module through a UART serial port and an AT command;
7) the 4G module transmits the received data to the master station through an operator network;
8) the master station analyzes the uploaded data and carries out secondary acquisition operation according to the uploaded data;
9) after waiting for the set time, the sink node does not receive the command issued by the master station and then performs the sleep state.
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| CN102831762A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2012-12-19 | 苏州东剑智能科技有限公司 | Ad hoc multi-hop network-based wireless remote meter reading system |
| CN110300401A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-01 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | The long-distance meter-reading system of bluetooth mesh based on the encryption of non-public Encryption Algorithm |
| CN111599158A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-28 | 青岛东软载波科技股份有限公司 | Power consumption information acquisition system based on broadband carrier and bluetooth communication |
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- 2021-11-16 CN CN202111352658.5A patent/CN114040372B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102831762A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2012-12-19 | 苏州东剑智能科技有限公司 | Ad hoc multi-hop network-based wireless remote meter reading system |
| CN110300401A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-01 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | The long-distance meter-reading system of bluetooth mesh based on the encryption of non-public Encryption Algorithm |
| CN111599158A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-28 | 青岛东软载波科技股份有限公司 | Power consumption information acquisition system based on broadband carrier and bluetooth communication |
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