CN114029473A - Low-pressure casting method of motorcycle aluminum alloy hub - Google Patents

Low-pressure casting method of motorcycle aluminum alloy hub Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114029473A
CN114029473A CN202111375699.6A CN202111375699A CN114029473A CN 114029473 A CN114029473 A CN 114029473A CN 202111375699 A CN202111375699 A CN 202111375699A CN 114029473 A CN114029473 A CN 114029473A
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China
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low
pressure casting
pouring gate
die
bottom plate
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CN202111375699.6A
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CN114029473B (en
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刘建平
邓乾昆
何小红
姚玉兰
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Zhejiang Wanfeng Motorcycle Wheels Co ltd
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Zhejiang Wanfeng Motorcycle Wheels Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/86Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction 

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub of a motorcycle, which is based on a low-pressure casting die, wherein the low-pressure casting die comprises a bottom plate, a lower die core is arranged at the upper part of the bottom plate, a shaft seat is arranged in the middle of the lower die core, a sprue spreader is arranged at the upper part of the shaft seat, and a shaft seat pressing plate is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the bottom plate, and the low-pressure casting method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: liquid lifting, mold filling, pressurization, pressure maintaining and workpiece taking. The low-pressure casting die is matched with a cooling system, so that the spokes, the wheel rims and the hub parts are solidified basically at the same time, the performance is kept, and the casting efficiency is improved.

Description

Low-pressure casting method of motorcycle aluminum alloy hub
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hub casting, in particular to a low-pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub of a motorcycle.
Background
At present, in the field of hub production, because the aluminum alloy hub of the motorcycle belongs to a safety part of the whole motorcycle, the aluminum alloy hub has high requirements on the strength and the mechanical performance of a product, and is produced by adopting a gravity casting center pouring process basically. The method has the advantages of mature process, low equipment investment, low gravity casting production efficiency and process yield, more subsequent procedures, low strength, precision and surface roughness of castings and difficulty in meeting the requirements of high-end markets on product performance.
The yield, the blank precision and the strength of the low-pressure casting process are higher than those of gravity casting, and the low-pressure casting process is popularized in the automobile aluminum alloy hub industry, but the spokes and the hub of the motorcycle aluminum alloy hub have complicated shapes, the wall thickness of the spokes is generally about 4mm, the conventional center-casting low-pressure casting spokes and the rim have high forming difficulty and cannot ensure the internal quality, the center-casting sprue part has large thickness and unstable performances of the spokes and the hub, and the low-pressure casting process is not suitable for the production and the manufacture of the motorcycle aluminum alloy hub and can be used for casting the motorcycle aluminum alloy hub by being improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a low-pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub of a motorcycle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a low-pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub of a motorcycle is based on a low-pressure casting die, the low-pressure casting die comprises a bottom plate, a lower die core is arranged at the upper part of the bottom plate, a shaft seat is arranged at the middle position of the lower die core, a flow distribution cone is arranged at the upper part of the shaft seat, a shaft seat pressing plate is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the bottom plate, a side die is arranged at the position of the upper part of the bottom plate, which is positioned outside the lower die core, an upper die plate is arranged at the upper part of the side die, an upper die core is arranged at the lower part of the upper die plate, a central riser cover plate is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the upper die core, a central riser is arranged at the middle position of the central riser cover plate, an upper small die core is arranged at the position of the middle position of the central riser cover plate, a sprue is arranged on the bottom plate, a sprue sleeve is arranged at the lower part of the sprue, a feed inlet is arranged at the upper part of the sprue, and a main sprue and a side sprue which are communicated with the side sprue are arranged in the side die, the lower part of the main pouring channel is communicated with the feed inlet, a cavity is formed among the upper mold core, the lower mold core, the side mold and the sprue spreader, the side pouring channel is communicated with the cavity, and a cooling system is arranged on the low-pressure casting mold;
the method comprises the following steps: liquid lifting: the aluminum liquid rises to the middle position of the sprue bush from the liquid level of the holding furnace, the pressure of the holding furnace is 1.8-2.3Psi, and the liquid rising time is 7-8 s;
filling a mold: the aluminum liquid continuously rises from the middle position of the sprue bush, enters the cavity through the main pouring gate and the side pouring gate, sequentially fills the corresponding rim part, the spoke part and the hub part in the cavity, finally fills the whole cavity, and has the holding furnace pressure of 7-8Psi and the filling time of 10-15 s;
supercharging: the pressure of the holding furnace is increased to 20-24Psi within 2-5 s;
pressure maintaining: maintaining the pressure of the holding furnace for 80-100 s;
taking a workpiece: and (5) releasing pressure in the warm furnace, closing the cooling system, and opening the mold to take out the part.
Preferably, a positioning block is arranged between the bottom plate and the side die.
Preferably, two gates are arranged on the bottom plate, and the two gates are symmetrically arranged and form an included angle.
Preferably, the cooling system comprises an upper die cooling ring arranged in the upper die core, a shunting cone cooling pipe arranged in the shunting cone, a spoke cooling ring and a rim cooling ring arranged in the lower die core, and a hub cooling ring arranged in the axle seat pressing plate.
Preferably, the main runner has an S-shaped tubular structure, and the side runners have a trapezoidal structure.
Preferably, the gate is a ceramic gate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the low-pressure casting die is matched with a cooling system, so that the spokes, the wheel rims and the hub parts are basically solidified simultaneously, and compared with the gravity casting which follows sequential solidification from bottom to top, the casting efficiency can be improved by more than 30%, the process yield is improved by more than 25%, the product performance is improved by more than 5%, meanwhile, the automatic technology is mature, and the automation of hub casting can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a low pressure casting mold according to the present invention;
reference numerals: a base plate 1; a positioning block 2; a gate 3; a feed port 4; a side mold 5; an upper template 6; an upper mold core 7; a central riser cover plate 8; an upper small mold core 9; a central riser 10; an upper die cooling ring 11; the spoke cooling ring 12; a hub cooling ring 13; a skimmer cone cooling tube 14; a shaft seat pressing plate 15; a shaft seat 16; a spreader cone 17; a lower mold core 18; a sprue bush 19; a rim cooling ring 20; a main runner 21; side runners 22.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
A low-pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub of a motorcycle is based on a low-pressure casting die of the aluminum alloy hub, the low-pressure casting die comprises a bottom plate 1, a lower die core 18 is arranged at the upper part of the bottom plate 1, a shaft seat 16 is arranged at the middle position of the lower die core 18, a diffluent cone 17 is arranged at the upper part of the shaft seat 16, a shaft seat pressing plate 15 is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the bottom plate 1, a side die 5 is arranged at the position of the upper part of the bottom plate 1, which is positioned at the outer side of the lower die core, an upper die plate 6 is arranged at the upper part of the side die 5, an upper die core 7 is arranged at the lower part of the upper die plate 6, a central riser cover plate 8 is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the upper die 7, a central riser 10 is arranged at the middle position of the central riser cover plate 8, an upper small die core 9 is arranged at the position of the middle position of the central riser 10, a pouring gate 3 is arranged on the bottom plate 1, and a gate sleeve 19 is arranged at the lower part of the gate 3, a feed inlet 4 is formed in the upper part of the pouring gate 3, a main pouring gate 21 and a side pouring gate 22 which are communicated with each other are arranged in the side die 5, the lower part of the main pouring gate 21 is communicated with the feed inlet 4, a cavity is formed among the upper die core 7, the lower die core 18, the side die 5 and the spreader cone 17, the side pouring gate 22 is communicated with the cavity, and a cooling system is arranged on the low-pressure casting die;
the method comprises the following steps: liquid lifting: the aluminum liquid rises to the middle position of the sprue bush 19 from the liquid level of the holding furnace, the pressure of the holding furnace is 1.8-2.3Psi, and the liquid rising time is 7-8 s;
filling a mold: the aluminum liquid continuously rises from the middle position of the sprue bush 19, enters the cavity through the main pouring gate 21 and the side pouring gate 22, sequentially fills the corresponding rim part, spoke part and hub part in the cavity, finally fills the whole cavity, has the holding furnace pressure of 7-8Psi and the mold filling time of 10-15s, has stable mold filling process, and effectively avoids the generation of casting defects such as subcutaneous pores, oxide skin and the like;
supercharging: the pressure of the holding furnace is increased to 20-24Psi within 2-5 s;
pressure maintaining: the pressure of the holding furnace is kept for 80-100 s, the cooling system is started, the spoke parts in the cavity begin to solidify and gradually extend to the rim part and the hub part towards two sides, the solidification is basically carried out simultaneously, the solidification distance is short, the production period can be effectively shortened by more than 20%, the mechanical property of the spoke, particularly the elongation, can be effectively improved, and the defects that the grains of the hub part in the middle of the spoke are easy to be large and the mechanical property is low in gravity casting can be avoided;
taking a workpiece: and after the casting is solidified, releasing pressure in the warm furnace, refluxing the molten aluminum remained in the pouring gate into the warm furnace, closing the cooling system, and opening the mold to take the casting.
Preferably, a positioning block 2 is arranged on the upper part of the bottom plate 1, and the positioning block 2 is used for limiting the installation position of the side die 5.
Preferably, two gates 3 are arranged on the bottom plate 1, and the two gates 3 are symmetrically arranged and have an included angle of 180 degrees.
Preferably, the cooling system comprises an upper mold cooling ring 11 arranged in the upper mold core 7, a sprue spreader cooling pipe 14 arranged in a sprue spreader 17, a spoke cooling ring 12 and a rim cooling ring 20 arranged in the lower mold core 18, and a hub cooling ring 13 arranged in the axle seat pressure plate 15, and the cooling system optimizes the distribution of the temperature field of the mold according to the thermal node setting of the mold.
And sequentially opening the upper die cooling ring 11, the spoke cooling ring 12, the sprue spreader cooling pipe 14, the hub cooling ring 13 and the rim cooling ring 20 to ensure that the casting is solidified in sequence from the upper rim to the spokes to the hub to the lower rim.
Preferably, the main pouring gate 21 is of an S-shaped tubular structure, the cross section of the main pouring gate is circular, the upper end of the main pouring gate is closed, resistance during mold filling is reduced, fluidity of molten aluminum is improved, the side pouring gate 22 is located at the position of about 1/2 degrees of the main pouring gate 21 and forms an included angle of more than 10 degrees with the parting surface, a trapezoidal structure is adopted, a large-size end of the trapezoid is tangent to the main pouring gate, and a small-size end of the trapezoid is smoothly connected with the pouring gate.
Preferably, the gate 3 is a ceramic gate.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A low-pressure casting method of a motorcycle aluminum alloy hub is based on a low-pressure casting die, the low-pressure casting die comprises a bottom plate (1), a lower die core (18) is arranged on the upper portion of the bottom plate (1), a shaft seat (16) is arranged in the middle of the lower die core (18), a sprue spreader (17) is arranged on the upper portion of the shaft seat (16), a shaft seat pressing plate (15) is arranged in the middle of the upper portion of the bottom plate (1), the shaft seat pressing plate (15) is located below the shaft seat (16), a side die (5) is arranged in the position, located on the outer side of the lower die core, of the upper portion of the bottom plate (1), an upper die plate (6) is arranged on the upper portion of the side die (5), an upper die core (7) is arranged on the lower portion of the upper die plate (6), a central riser cover plate (8) is arranged in the middle of the upper portion of the upper die core (7), a central riser (10) is arranged in the middle of the central riser cover plate (8), an upper small die core (9) is arranged in the position, below the central riser (10), a pouring gate (3) is arranged on the bottom plate (1), a pouring gate sleeve (19) is arranged at the lower part of the pouring gate (3), a feeding hole (4) is arranged at the upper part of the pouring gate (3), a main pouring gate (21) and a side pouring gate (22) which are communicated with each other are arranged in the side die (5), the lower part of the main pouring gate (21) is communicated with the feeding hole (4), a cavity is formed among the upper die core (7), the lower die core (18), the side die (5) and the spreader cone (17), the side pouring gate (22) is communicated with the cavity, and a cooling system is arranged on the low-pressure casting die; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
liquid lifting: the molten aluminum rises to the middle position of a sprue bush (19) from the height of the liquid level of the holding furnace, the pressure of the holding furnace is 1.8-2.3Psi, and the liquid rising time is 7-8 s;
filling a mold: the aluminum liquid continuously rises from the middle position of the sprue bush (19), enters the cavity through the main pouring gate (21) and the side pouring gate (22), sequentially fills the corresponding rim part, spoke part and hub part in the cavity, finally fills the whole cavity, and the pressure of the holding furnace is 7-8Psi, and the filling time is 10-15 s;
supercharging: the pressure of the holding furnace is increased to 20-24Psi within 2-5 s;
pressure maintaining: maintaining the pressure of the holding furnace for 80-100 s;
taking a workpiece: and (5) releasing pressure in the warm furnace, closing the cooling system, and opening the mold to take out the part.
2. A low pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub for a motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein: a positioning block (2) is arranged between the bottom plate (1) and the side mold (5).
3. A low pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub for a motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein: two gates (3) are arranged on the bottom plate (1), and the two gates (3) are symmetrically arranged and have an included angle of 180 degrees.
4. A low pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub for a motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling system comprises an upper die cooling ring (11) arranged in an upper die core (7), a sprue spreader cooling pipe (14) arranged in a sprue spreader (17), a spoke cooling ring (12) and a rim cooling ring (20) arranged in a lower die core (18), and a hub cooling ring (13) arranged in a shaft seat pressing plate (15).
5. A low pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub for a motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein: the main pouring gate (21) is of an S-shaped tubular structure, and the side pouring gate (22) is of a trapezoidal structure.
6. A low pressure casting method of an aluminum alloy hub for a motorcycle according to claim 1, wherein: the gate (3) is a ceramic gate.
CN202111375699.6A 2021-11-19 2021-11-19 Low-pressure casting method for motorcycle aluminum alloy hub Active CN114029473B (en)

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CN202111375699.6A CN114029473B (en) 2021-11-19 2021-11-19 Low-pressure casting method for motorcycle aluminum alloy hub

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111375699.6A CN114029473B (en) 2021-11-19 2021-11-19 Low-pressure casting method for motorcycle aluminum alloy hub

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CN114029473B CN114029473B (en) 2023-06-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116037896A (en) * 2023-01-10 2023-05-02 广州驭风旭铝铸件有限公司 A kind of wheel hub casting mold and wheel hub casting cooling process

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04274859A (en) * 1991-02-28 1992-09-30 Honda Motor Co Ltd Cooling method for casting mold for vehicle wheels
CN101837443A (en) * 2010-02-04 2010-09-22 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 Low-pressure casting process and device for aluminum alloy wheel by bilateral pouring
CN102029377A (en) * 2010-12-08 2011-04-27 何丙军 Low-pressure casting die of aluminium alloy wheel and casting method thereof
CN202447593U (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-09-26 芜湖黄燕实业有限公司 Pouring die for automobile hub
CN102806320A (en) * 2011-05-31 2012-12-05 旭技术株式会社 Coating method
CN102806334A (en) * 2012-08-30 2012-12-05 连云港启创铝制品制造有限公司 Low-pressure casting mold for aluminum alloy wheel hub and pouring method of low-pressure casting mold
CN105478720A (en) * 2015-12-26 2016-04-13 佛山市南海中南铝车轮制造有限公司 Water-air combined spraying cooling equipment and method for hub low-pressure casting
CN109014130A (en) * 2018-09-30 2018-12-18 大亚车轮制造有限公司 A kind of aluminium alloy kappa wheel hub casting mould

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04274859A (en) * 1991-02-28 1992-09-30 Honda Motor Co Ltd Cooling method for casting mold for vehicle wheels
CN101837443A (en) * 2010-02-04 2010-09-22 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 Low-pressure casting process and device for aluminum alloy wheel by bilateral pouring
CN102029377A (en) * 2010-12-08 2011-04-27 何丙军 Low-pressure casting die of aluminium alloy wheel and casting method thereof
CN102806320A (en) * 2011-05-31 2012-12-05 旭技术株式会社 Coating method
CN202447593U (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-09-26 芜湖黄燕实业有限公司 Pouring die for automobile hub
CN102806334A (en) * 2012-08-30 2012-12-05 连云港启创铝制品制造有限公司 Low-pressure casting mold for aluminum alloy wheel hub and pouring method of low-pressure casting mold
CN105478720A (en) * 2015-12-26 2016-04-13 佛山市南海中南铝车轮制造有限公司 Water-air combined spraying cooling equipment and method for hub low-pressure casting
CN109014130A (en) * 2018-09-30 2018-12-18 大亚车轮制造有限公司 A kind of aluminium alloy kappa wheel hub casting mould

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116037896A (en) * 2023-01-10 2023-05-02 广州驭风旭铝铸件有限公司 A kind of wheel hub casting mold and wheel hub casting cooling process
CN116037896B (en) * 2023-01-10 2025-12-05 广州驭风旭铝铸件有限公司 A wheel hub casting mold and a wheel hub casting cooling process

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