CN114025249B - Substation mass data monitoring device and method based on Internet of things technology - Google Patents
Substation mass data monitoring device and method based on Internet of things technology Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of on-line monitoring of electrical equipment of a power system, and relates to mass data monitoring equipment of a transformer substation based on the technology of the Internet of things, wherein a data sensing component is used for detecting a current running state signal of the transformer substation; the network layer is used for collecting the state signals acquired by the data sensing component in a concentrated way, the data conversion component is connected with the network layer through signals, and the data conversion component is used for receiving detection signals sent by the network layer and converting the detection signals into digital detection information after processing the detection signals; the data encapsulation component is used for receiving the digital detection information sent by the data conversion component through the network layer, the application layer records the digital detection information acquired by the sensing layer, compares the digital detection information with a preset threshold value, sends out an alarm signal when the digital detection information exceeds the threshold value range through the Arian cloud platform, and drives the MCU to execute corresponding operation. The equipment can meet the requirement of the transformer substation on real-time monitoring of the operation data and the state data of the electrical equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of on-line monitoring of electrical equipment of a power system, and particularly relates to mass data monitoring equipment and method of a transformer substation based on the technology of the Internet of things.
Background
The intelligent unattended operation is a necessary trend of the development of the transformer substation, and the application of the concentrated monitoring of various electric equipment of the transformer substation is an important link for realizing the unattended operation, and the intelligent unattended operation organically combines the existing ubiquitous Internet of things technology, cloud computing technology, microprocessor and electric equipment to realize the cloud monitoring, so that the unattended operation of the transformer substation can be truly realized in an intelligent and automatic manner. At present, the northeast power grid deploys various monitoring systems for various electrical equipment of a transformer substation, and auxiliary systems such as a current sensor, an environment monitoring sensor, an electronic fence, an electrical equipment alarm and the like are arranged in the transformer substation, but the following problems exist:
(1) The sensor types are few, and only a transformer winding current sensor, an environment temperature and humidity sensor, a lightning arrester resistive current sensor and the like of the existing transformer substation are provided, so that the sensor for monitoring the GIS running state is lacking.
(2) The data access is incomplete, namely, only the operation data of part of the electrical equipment is monitored remotely, and a unified system for data centralized acquisition and remote monitoring is lacked.
(3) The intelligent degree is low, the existing equipment monitoring system can only simply monitor the operation data of the equipment, can not predict the future operation state of the equipment according to the monitoring data, and can not evaluate the operation state of the whole transformer substation by combining the operation data of other equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides mass data monitoring equipment for a transformer substation based on the technology of the Internet of things, which can meet the requirement of the transformer substation on real-time monitoring of operation data and state data of electrical equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first technical scheme, the mass data monitoring equipment of the transformer substation based on the Internet of things technology comprises a sensing layer, a network layer and an application layer, wherein
The sensing layer comprises a data sensing component, a data conversion component and a data encapsulation component;
the data sensing assembly comprises a transformer sensor, a GIS sensor, a lightning arrester sensor and an environment sensor, wherein the transformer sensor is used for detecting a current running state signal of the transformer; the GIS sensor is used for detecting a current running state signal of the GIS transformer substation; the lightning arrester sensor is used for detecting a current running state signal of the lightning arrester; the environment sensor is used for detecting annular state signals around the transformer substation;
the data conversion component is in signal connection with the data sensing component, and the data sensing component is used for receiving the detection signal sent by the data sensing component and converting the detection signal into digital detection information after processing;
the data packaging component is in signal connection with the data conversion component and is used for receiving the digital detection information sent by the data conversion component through the network layer and sending the digital detection information to the application layer;
the application layer is an Arian platform, the Arian platform records the data information acquired by the sensing layer, compares the digital detection information with a preset threshold value, sends an alarm signal when the digital detection information exceeds the threshold value range, and sends an execution signal to the MCU through the network layer so as to drive the MCU to execute corresponding operation.
In a first aspect, preferably, the transformer sensor includes a current sensor, a transformer oil sensor, and an ultrahigh frequency sensor, wherein
The current sensor is used for collecting leakage current data of the transformer;
the transformer oil sensor is used for acquiring oil level and oil temperature data in the transformer;
the ultrahigh frequency sensor is used for collecting partial discharge data in the transformer.
In a first aspect, preferably, the GIS sensor includes a current sensor, an angular displacement sensor, an SF6 gas sensor, a micro water transmitter, and a current transformer, wherein
The current sensor is used for collecting leakage current data of the transformer and current data of opening and closing in the circuit breaker;
the angular displacement sensor is used for acquiring opening and closing angles of the circuit breaker and the isolating switch and calculating to obtain travel data of the contact;
the SF6 gas sensor is used for collecting the air pressure data of SF6 in the GIS;
the micro water transmitter is used for acquiring micro water content data in SF6 in the circuit breaker;
and the current transformer is used for collecting opening and closing current data in the circuit breaker.
In a first aspect, preferably, the lightning arrester sensor includes an active through-type current sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, wherein
The active through type current sensor is used for monitoring the resistive current of the lightning arrester, and the value of the active through type current sensor can sensitively reflect the insulation defect of the lightning arrester;
and the temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring the damp condition of the operating environment of the lightning arrester.
In a first aspect, preferably, the environmental sensor includes a temperature and humidity sensor and a smoke sensor, wherein
The temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring the temperature and humidity conditions of the working area and the office area environment;
and the smoke sensor is used for monitoring the smoke concentration of the transformer substation site by adopting the ionic smoke sensor so as to further judge the occurrence of fire.
In the first technical solution, preferably, the data conversion assembly includes an amplifying circuit unit, a filtering circuit unit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit unit which are sequentially connected in signal, wherein,
the amplifying circuit unit is used for amplifying analog data of the electrical equipment and is convenient for data acquisition;
the filter circuit unit is used for filtering data which cause interference to the analog signal;
the analog-to-digital conversion circuit unit is used for converting the analog signals into digital signals, so that display comparison is facilitated;
the data collected by the sensor are sequentially converted by the amplifying circuit module, the filter circuit module and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit module, and finally uploaded to the data packaging assembly.
In the first technical scheme, as an optimization, the MCU of the data packaging component adopts an STM32F4O7ZGT6 chip which is provided with a 1 Mbyte FLASH and expands a 1 Mbyte SRAM and a 16 Mbyte FLASH, and is also provided with 14 advanced timers with 32 bits, so as to provide an accurate clock for data acquisition; the mass data monitoring equipment of the transformer substation based on the Internet of things technology sets the sampling frequency of an MCU acquisition channel to be 1HZ through a timer interrupt principle, and acquires data of a sensor every second.
In a first technical solution, as an preference, the network layer includes a LoRa node and a LoRa concentrator, where each monitoring unit in the sensing layer is provided with a LoRa module to form the LoRa node, each LoRa node is in signal connection with the LoRa concentrator, the MCU is in signal connection with the LoRa concentrator, and the MCU uses the LoRa concentrator to receive the sensor data uploaded by each LoRa node according to the LoRa self protocol.
In the first technical solution, as an preference, the MCU encapsulates Cheng Ali the format of the LoRa concentrator data into json format that can be identified by the cloud platform; the MCU establishes connection with the alicloud platform through an EC20 (4G communication module) according to an MQTT protocol, sets the clock frequency to be 1HZ, and sends data to the alicloud platform every second.
In a second technical scheme, the mass data monitoring method of the transformer substation based on the technology of the Internet of things comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring relevant data of a transformer, a GIS, a lightning arrester and surrounding environments of a transformer substation;
step 2, the acquired related data sequentially pass through an amplifying circuit unit to amplify analog data of the electrical equipment, the data which causes interference to the analog signal is filtered by a filtering circuit unit, and the analog signal is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital conversion circuit unit;
step 3, the digital signals are sent to a main processor through a LoRa node and a LoRa concentrator, data sent by the Lora concentrator are packaged through main processing, and an MCU packages Cheng Ali the format of the data of the Lora concentrator into json format which can be identified by a cloud platform; the MCU establishes connection with the Alicloud platform through a 4G communication module according to an MQTT protocol, and sets the clock frequency to be 1HZ, namely data is sent to the Alicloud platform once every second;
step 4, writing a command processing function in an Arin cloud platform, when receiving an instruction issued by the Arin cloud, executing corresponding operation in time, synchronously updating data through an Arin cloud APP and a WeChat applet at a PC end, setting the storage time of all data at a cloud end to be 15 days, and facilitating later-stage reference; and setting a high-low threshold value of data collected by each sensor on the Arian platform, displaying alarm information by a web interface when the monitored data exceeds the set threshold value range, and sending related instructions to the MCU to drive the MCU to execute corresponding operations, such as sending alarm short messages to current service personnel, so as to control the relay action of the operation of the electrical equipment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the mass data monitoring equipment of the transformer substation based on the Internet of things technology can meet the requirement of the transformer substation on real-time monitoring of operation data and state data of electrical equipment, and patrol personnel can check detailed state information of each equipment on an equipment list of an Arian cloud platform, so that equipment faults can be accurately positioned. The device can form a weekly report through data, collect evaluation results in a week, send the evaluation results to related departments on the current site in a short message mode, and enable management personnel to check on a PC (personal computer) terminal and a mobile phone APP.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mass data monitoring device of a transformer substation based on the internet of things technology.
The reference numerals include:
the system comprises a 10-data sensing component, a 11-transformer sensor, a 12-GIS sensor, a 13-lightning arrester sensor, a 14-environment sensor, a 21-LoRa node, a 22-LoRa concentrator, a 30-data conversion component, a 31-amplifying circuit unit, a 32-filtering circuit unit, a 33-analog-to-digital conversion circuit unit, a 40-MCU and a 50-Arian platform.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment proposes a transformer substation mass data monitoring device based on the internet of things technology, which includes a sensing layer, a network layer and an application layer, wherein the sensing layer includes a data sensing component 10, a data conversion component 30 and a data encapsulation component;
the data sensing assembly 10 comprises a transformer sensor 11, a GIS sensor 12, a lightning arrester sensor 13 and an environment sensor 14, wherein the transformer sensor 11 is used for detecting a current running state signal of the transformer; the GIS sensor 12 is used for detecting the current running state signal of the GIS transformer substation; the lightning arrester sensor 13 is used for detecting a current running state signal of the lightning arrester; the environmental sensor 14 is used to detect a ring status signal around the substation.
The data conversion component 30 is in signal connection with the data sensing component 10, and the data sensing component 10 is configured to receive the detection signal sent by the data sensing component 10, and then process the detection signal to convert the detection signal into digital detection information. The data encapsulation component is in signal connection with the data conversion component 30, and is configured to receive the digital detection information sent by the data conversion component 30 through the network layer, and send the digital detection information to the application layer.
The application layer is an ali cloud platform 50, the ali cloud platform 50 records the data information acquired by the sensing layer, compares the digital detection information with a preset threshold value, sends an alarm signal when the digital detection information exceeds the threshold value range, and sends an execution signal to the MCU40 through the network layer so as to drive the MCU40 to execute corresponding operations.
The transformer sensor 11 comprises a current sensor, a transformer oil sensor and an ultrahigh frequency sensor, wherein the current sensor is used for collecting leakage current data of the transformer; the transformer oil sensor is used for acquiring oil level and oil temperature data in the transformer; the ultrahigh frequency sensor is used for collecting partial discharge data in the transformer.
The GIS sensor 12 comprises a current sensor, an angular displacement sensor, an SF6 gas sensor, a micro water transmitter and a current transformer, wherein the current sensor is used for collecting leakage current data of the transformer and current data of opening and closing in the circuit breaker; the angular displacement sensor is used for acquiring opening and closing angles of the circuit breaker and the isolating switch and calculating to obtain travel data of the contact; the SF6 gas sensor is used for collecting the air pressure data of SF6 in the GIS; the micro water transmitter is used for acquiring micro water content data in SF6 in the circuit breaker; and the current transformer is used for collecting opening and closing current data in the circuit breaker.
The lightning arrester sensor 13 comprises an active through type current sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, wherein the active through type current sensor is used for monitoring the resistive current of the lightning arrester, and the value of the resistive current can sensitively reflect the insulation defect of the lightning arrester; and the temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring the damp condition of the operating environment of the lightning arrester.
The environmental sensor 14 comprises a temperature and humidity sensor and a smoke sensor, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring the temperature and humidity conditions of the environment of an operation area and an office area; and the smoke sensor is used for monitoring the smoke concentration of the transformer substation site by adopting the ionic smoke sensor so as to further judge the occurrence of fire.
The data conversion assembly 30 comprises an amplifying circuit unit 31, a filtering circuit unit 32 and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit unit 33 which are sequentially connected in a signal mode, wherein the amplifying circuit unit 31 is used for amplifying analog quantity data of electrical equipment and is convenient for data acquisition; a filter circuit unit 32 for filtering data causing interference to the analog signal; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit unit 33 is used for converting the analog signal into a digital signal, so that display comparison is facilitated;
the data collected by the sensor are sequentially converted by the amplifying circuit module, the filter circuit module and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit module, and finally uploaded to the data packaging assembly.
The MCU40 of the data encapsulation assembly adopts an STM32F4O7ZGT6 chip which is provided with a 1 Mbyte FLASH and expands a 1 Mbyte SRAM and a 16 Mbyte FLASH, and is also provided with 14 advanced timers with 32 bits, so as to provide an accurate clock for data acquisition; the mass data monitoring equipment of the transformer substation based on the Internet of things technology sets the sampling frequency of an MCU40 acquisition channel to be 1HZ through a timer interrupt principle, and acquires data of a sensor every second.
The network layer comprises a loRa node 21 and a loRa concentrator 22, wherein each monitoring unit in the sensing layer is provided with a loRa module to form the loRa node 21, each loRa node 21 is in signal connection with the loRa concentrator 22, the MCU40 is in signal connection with the loRa concentrator 22, and the MCU40 uses the loRa concentrator 22 to receive the sensor data uploaded by each loRa node 21 according to the loRa self protocol.
Because the monitoring host processor receives data that is not a single monitoring unit, conventional point-to-point transmission cannot meet the need for monitoring and evaluating mass devices. The above problem is solved by using a LoRa networking method, i.e. a LoRa module is installed in each monitoring unit, and the main processor uses the LoRa concentrator 22 to receive the sensor data uploaded by each LoRa node 21 according to the LoRa own protocol.
The LoRa technology has the following advantages: the maturity of LoRa technology is in the leading position, and has the characteristics of long transmission distance, low power consumption, strong anti-interference performance, support of multi-node access and the like. The communication distance of the LoRa wireless module is affected by factors such as use environment, transmitting power, sensitivity, interference and the like, so that the communication distances of modules with the same power are different in different environments. The communication distance of the LoRa module at the transformer substation can reach more than 8 km, and the problem of long-distance communication can be solved. Capacity: one LoRa gateway can be connected with tens of thousands of LoRa nodes 21, so that the requirement of later node access is completely met. Transmission rate: several hundred to several tens of Kbps, the lower the rate, the longer the transmission distance.
MCU40 encapsulates the data format of LoRa concentrator 22 into json format recognizable by Alicloud platform 50; MCU40 establishes a connection with the Alicloud platform 50 through EC20 (4G communication module) according to the MQTT protocol and sets the clock frequency to 1HZ, and transmits data to the Alicloud platform 50 every second.
In a second technical scheme, the mass data monitoring method of the transformer substation based on the technology of the Internet of things comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring relevant data of a transformer, a GIS, a lightning arrester and surrounding environments of a transformer substation;
step 2, amplifying analog data of the electrical equipment by the obtained related data through the amplifying circuit unit 31 in sequence, filtering data causing interference to the analog signal through the filtering circuit unit 32, and converting the analog signal into a digital signal through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit unit 33;
step 3, transmitting the digital signals to a main processor through the LoRa node 21 and the LoRa concentrator 22, and encapsulating the data transmitted by the LoRa concentrator 22 through main processing, wherein the MCU40 encapsulates the data format of the LoRa concentrator 22 into json format which can be identified by the ali cloud platform 50; MCU40 establishes connection with the alicloud platform 50 through a 4G communication module according to the MQTT protocol, and sets the clock frequency to 1HZ, namely data is sent to the alicloud platform 50 once every second;
step 4, writing a command processing function in the ali cloud platform 50, when receiving an instruction issued by the ali cloud, executing corresponding operation in time, synchronously updating data through an ali cloud APP and a WeChat applet at a PC end, setting the storage time of all data at a cloud end to be 15 days, and facilitating later-stage reference; the high-low threshold value of the data collected by each sensor is set in the ali cloud platform 50, when the monitored data exceeds the set threshold value range, the web interface displays alarm information and sends related instructions to the MCU40, so that the MCU40 is driven to execute corresponding operations, such as sending alarm short messages to current service personnel, and enabling a relay for controlling the operation of the electrical equipment to operate.
In terms of the Ariy cloud platform 50, an Ariy cloud web interface is developed according to requirements, the whole operation and maintenance information of the transformer substation and state data of each electrical device are synchronously updated at a PC end, an Ariy cloud APP and a WeChat applet, and the storage duration of all data at a cloud end is set to be 15 days, so that later consulting is facilitated.
The high-low threshold value of the data collected by each sensor is set in the ali cloud platform 50, when the monitored data exceeds the set threshold value range, the web interface displays alarm information and sends related instructions to the MCU40, so as to drive the MCU40 to execute corresponding operations, such as sending alarm short messages to current service personnel, enabling relay actions for controlling the operation of the electrical equipment, and the like. In addition, the patrol personnel can view detailed state information of each device on the device list of the alicloud platform 50, so that the device fault can be accurately positioned. Forming a week report, summarizing the evaluation results in a week, and sending the evaluation results to the related departments on the current site in a short message mode, wherein the manager can also check on the PC terminal and the mobile phone APP.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention, and many variations may be made in the specific embodiments and application scope of the invention by those skilled in the art based on the spirit of the invention, as long as the variations do not depart from the gist of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. Substation mass data monitoring equipment based on internet of things technology, characterized in that: comprises a perception layer, a network layer and an application layer, wherein
The sensing layer comprises a data sensing component, a data conversion component and a data encapsulation component;
the data sensing assembly comprises a transformer sensor, a GIS sensor, a lightning arrester sensor and an environment sensor, wherein the transformer sensor is used for detecting a current running state signal of the transformer; the GIS sensor is used for detecting a current running state signal of the GIS transformer substation; the lightning arrester sensor is used for detecting a current running state signal of the lightning arrester; the environment sensor is used for detecting annular state signals around the transformer substation;
the network layer is in signal connection with the data sensing component and is used for collecting the state signals acquired by the data sensing component in a concentrated way,
the data conversion component is in signal connection with the network layer and is used for receiving a state signal sent by the network layer and converting the state signal into digital detection information after processing;
the data packaging component is in signal connection with the data conversion component and is used for receiving the digital detection information sent by the data conversion component through the network layer and sending the digital detection information to the application layer;
the application layer is an Arian platform, the Arian platform records the digital detection information acquired by the sensing layer, compares the digital detection information with a preset threshold value, sends an alarm signal when the digital detection information exceeds the threshold value range, and sends an execution signal to the MCU of the data packaging assembly through the network layer so as to drive the MCU of the data packaging assembly to execute corresponding operation;
the transformer sensor comprises a current sensor, a transformer oil sensor and an ultrahigh frequency sensor, wherein
The current sensor is used for collecting leakage current data of the transformer;
the transformer oil sensor is used for acquiring oil level and oil temperature data in the transformer;
the ultrahigh frequency sensor is used for collecting partial discharge data in the transformer;
the GIS sensor comprises a current sensor, an angular displacement sensor, an SF6 gas sensor, a micro water transmitter and a current transformer, wherein
The current sensor is used for collecting leakage current data of the transformer and current data of opening and closing in the circuit breaker;
the angular displacement sensor is used for acquiring opening and closing angles of the circuit breaker and the isolating switch and calculating to obtain travel data of the contact;
the SF6 gas sensor is used for collecting the air pressure data of SF6 in the GIS;
the micro water transmitter is used for acquiring micro water content data in SF6 in the circuit breaker;
the current transformer is used for collecting switching-on and switching-off current data in the circuit breaker;
the lightning arrester sensor comprises an active through type current sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, wherein
The active through type current sensor is used for monitoring the resistive current of the lightning arrester, and the value of the active through type current sensor can sensitively reflect the insulation defect of the lightning arrester;
the temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring the damp condition of the operating environment of the lightning arrester;
the environment sensor comprises a temperature and humidity sensor and a smoke sensor, wherein
The temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring the temperature and humidity conditions of the working area and the office area environment;
the smoke sensor is used for monitoring the smoke concentration of a transformer substation site by adopting the ionic smoke sensor so as to further judge the occurrence of fire;
the data conversion component comprises an amplifying circuit unit, a filter circuit unit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit unit which are connected in sequence by signals, wherein,
the amplifying circuit unit is used for amplifying analog data of the electrical equipment and is convenient for data acquisition;
the filter circuit unit is used for filtering data which cause interference to the analog signal;
the analog-to-digital conversion circuit unit is used for converting the analog signals into digital signals, so that display comparison is facilitated;
the data collected by the sensor are sequentially converted by an amplifying circuit module, a filter circuit module and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit module and finally uploaded to a data packaging assembly;
the MCU of the data packaging assembly adopts an STM32F4O7ZGT6 chip which is provided with a 1 Mbyte FLASH and expands a 1 Mbyte SRAM and a 16 Mbyte FLASH, and is also provided with 14 advanced timers with 32 bits, so as to provide an accurate clock for data acquisition; the mass data monitoring equipment of the transformer substation based on the Internet of things technology sets the sampling frequency of an MCU acquisition channel to be 1HZ through a timer interrupt principle, and acquires data of a sensor once every second;
the network layer comprises a LoRa node and a LoRa concentrator, wherein each monitoring unit in the sensing layer is provided with a LoRa module to form the LoRa node, each LoRa node is in signal connection with the LoRa concentrator, the MCU is in signal connection with the LoRa concentrator, and the MCU uses the LoRa concentrator to receive sensor data uploaded by each LoRa node according to the self protocol of the LoRa;
the MCU packages Cheng Ali the formats of the LoRa concentrator data into json formats which can be identified by the cloud platform; the MCU establishes connection with the Alicloud platform through the EC20 according to the MQTT protocol, sets the clock frequency to be 1HZ, and sends data to the Alicloud platform every second.
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