CN114012485A - Automatic feeding and discharging device of numerical control lathe - Google Patents

Automatic feeding and discharging device of numerical control lathe Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114012485A
CN114012485A CN202111529554.7A CN202111529554A CN114012485A CN 114012485 A CN114012485 A CN 114012485A CN 202111529554 A CN202111529554 A CN 202111529554A CN 114012485 A CN114012485 A CN 114012485A
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China
Prior art keywords
fixedly connected
cylinder
chuck
truss
sleeve
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Granted
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CN202111529554.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114012485B (en
Inventor
刘宜胜
姚程翔
王伟东
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Jiaxing Hengyu Metal Products Co ltd
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/04—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
    • B23B31/20—Longitudinally-split sleeves, e.g. collet chucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/08—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of slides or chutes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/10—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of magazines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种数控车床的自动上下料装置，包括机体，所述机体的右侧连接有框架，所述框架的上侧固定设置有用于提供工件的供料机构，所述供料机构的后侧设有用于收集工件的出料机构，所述供料机构的左侧设置有位于所述机体右表面内的加工空间，所述加工空间的前侧滑动设置有车床车门，所述机体的左上侧固定连接有用于控制所述车床车门启闭的控制机构，实现了工件的送料、上料、取料、下料自动一体化加工，自动化生产程度高，加工制造简单，易于装配维修，减少了人工操作时间，提高了生产效率。

Figure 202111529554

The invention discloses an automatic loading and unloading device of a numerically controlled lathe, comprising a body, a frame is connected to the right side of the body, and a feeding mechanism for providing workpieces is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the frame. The rear side is provided with a discharging mechanism for collecting workpieces, the left side of the feeding mechanism is provided with a processing space located in the right surface of the body, the front side of the processing space is slidably provided with a lathe door, and the The upper left side is fixedly connected with a control mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the door of the lathe, which realizes the automatic integrated processing of the workpiece feeding, loading, reclaiming and unloading, with a high degree of automatic production, simple processing and manufacturing, easy assembly and maintenance, and reduced The manual operation time is reduced and the production efficiency is improved.

Figure 202111529554

Description

Automatic feeding and discharging device of numerical control lathe
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of numerical control lathes, in particular to an automatic loading and unloading device of a numerical control lathe.
Background
The numerically controlled lathe is one of the widely used numerically controlled machines at present. The cutting machine is mainly used for cutting and processing inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, inner and outer conical surfaces with any taper angle, complex rotary inner and outer curved surfaces, cylindrical and conical threads and the like of shaft parts or disc parts, and can perform grooving, drilling, reaming, boring and the like.
With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry in China, the degree of realizing automatic processing of the numerical control lathe in the prior art is higher and higher. The conventional loading and unloading device is often operated manually, a worker needs to process a blank material of a workpiece and load the blank material on a chuck of a lathe, then a corresponding processing tool is installed, after corresponding parameters are set, a movable door of a cutting area is closed, processing is started, and a numerical control lathe can perform cutting processing according to a formulated program. After the machining is finished, the chuck can automatically release the workpiece, and an operator needs to take the machined workpiece and place the workpiece in the discharging box. After the whole process is completed, the process of the next workpiece needs to be repeated, manual operation is needed to complete the process, the production efficiency is affected very much, the labor intensity of workers is high, and industrial accidents are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the automatic loading and unloading device of the numerical control lathe, which realizes the automatic integrated processing of feeding, loading, taking and unloading of workpieces, has high automatic production degree, simple processing and manufacturing, easy assembly and maintenance, reduces the manual operation time and improves the production efficiency.
Technical scheme
The utility model provides a unloader in numerical control lathe's automation, includes the organism, the right side of organism is connected with the frame, the fixed feeding mechanism who is used for providing the work piece that is provided with of upside of frame, feeding mechanism's rear side is equipped with the ejection of compact mechanism that is used for collecting the work piece, feeding mechanism's left side is provided with and is located the processing space of organism right side internal surface, the front side slip in processing space is provided with the lathe door, the upper left side fixedly connected with of organism is used for control the control mechanism that the lathe door was opened and close, the upside in processing space be provided with set firmly in transport mechanism on the organism, be provided with the chuck mechanism that is used for centre gripping work piece on the left wall in processing space, the right side of chuck mechanism be provided with set firmly in the supplementary feeding mechanism who is used for supplementary pay-off on the processing space right wall.
Further, feeding mechanism include fixed connection in vibration dish on the frame, the left side of vibration dish be provided with set firmly in two support frames on the frame, fixedly connected with fixed station between the support frame, fixedly connected with carries the material track on the fixed station, it is located to carry the material track vibration dish discharge gate under, the downside fixed connection of discharge gate has the promotion carry the first material cylinder that pushes away of work piece on the material track, carry the orbital left end fixedly connected with of material and be used for restricting the track baffle of work piece position.
Furthermore, discharge mechanism is including being located the frame rear side connect the material support, connect and be fixed with the ejection of compact case on the material support, the front upper side of ejection of compact case is provided with the ejection of compact track that is used for guiding the work piece to slide in the ejection of compact case.
Further, the control mechanism comprises an air cylinder fixedly arranged on the machine body, and the right output end of the air cylinder is fixedly connected to the lathe door.
Further, a support is fixedly connected to the machine body, and a display screen is fixedly connected to the support.
Further, the transportation mechanism comprises two angle braces fixedly arranged on the rack, a support frame is fixedly connected between the angle braces, a fixed side plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the support frame, a truss is fixedly connected to the front side of the fixed side plate, a sliding block is slidably connected in the truss, a reciprocating mechanism for driving the sliding block to reciprocate is arranged in the truss, a manipulator mechanism for grabbing a workpiece is fixedly connected to the sliding block, the manipulator mechanism comprises a connecting plate fixedly connected to the sliding block, a ball screw group is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate, which is far away from the truss, a first rotary cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ball screw group, a rotary plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first rotary cylinder, and two finger cylinders are fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotary plate, the lower end of the finger cylinder is fixedly connected with a mechanical gripper, the upper end of the ball screw rod group is dynamically connected with a first motor, the side edge of the ball screw rod group and the lower side of the truss are provided with sensors, the reciprocating mechanism comprises two belt pulleys which are rotationally connected inside the truss, a synchronous belt is connected between the belt pulleys, a guide rail positioned in the truss is also arranged between the belt pulleys, the slide block is connected on the guide rail in a sliding way, one end of the slide block is fixedly connected with the synchronous belt, the reciprocating mechanism also comprises a second motor which is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the truss and is in power connection with one of the belt pulleys, the connecting plate and the sliding block are fixedly connected with a screw through threads, a supporting plate is also fixedly arranged on the upper side of the truss, fixedly connected with is used for the fixed line so that the cable track that the circuit is orderly not in disorder in the backup pad.
Further, the chuck mechanism comprises a spindle connecting sleeve connected with a lathe spindle in the frame, a fixed sleeve is fixedly connected with the right end of the spindle connecting sleeve, an oblique opening cylinder is fixedly connected with the right side of the fixed sleeve, a chuck is installed in the oblique opening cylinder, a chuck seat is sleeved on the right end of the chuck, a sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the oblique opening cylinder is in threaded connection with the left side of the chuck seat, a chuck inner cavity is arranged in the chuck inner cavity, a push rod is arranged in the chuck inner cavity, the left end of the push rod extends into the spindle connecting sleeve, a butt disk positioned in the chuck inner cavity is slidably penetrated on the push rod, the butt disk is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the chuck inner cavity through a fixed rod, and a spring penetrated by the push rod is fixedly connected with the left side of the butt disk, the left end of the spring is connected with a spring round sleeve fixedly connected with the push rod, the outer side of the spring round sleeve is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve slidably connected with the fixed sleeve, the right end of the chuck is a clamping block of three annular arrays, the left part of the chuck connected with the clamping block has elasticity, the right end of the push rod is fixedly connected with an ejector rod used for ejecting workpieces, a pen-shaped air cylinder is fixedly arranged at the left end of the inner part of the spindle connecting sleeve, the right output end of the pen-shaped air cylinder is fixedly connected with the left end of the push rod, and the left end of the sleeve is connected with a base through a bolt.
Furthermore, supplementary feeding mechanism including set firmly in the second revolving cylinder on the processing space right wall, the left side output end fixedly connected with runing rest of second revolving cylinder, fixedly connected with second pushes away the material cylinder on the runing rest, the second pushes away the small-size pneumatic chuck of left side output fixedly connected with of material cylinder.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the automatic integrated machining of feeding, loading, taking and discharging of parts is realized, the automatic production degree is high, the machining and manufacturing are simple, the assembly and maintenance are easy, the manual operation time is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved;
2. the two blank materials to be processed at one time can be realized, the time of the mechanical arm to run on the truss back and forth is greatly reduced, and the overall processing work efficiency can be improved;
3. the structure is simple, when a lathe tool is milled and rotated, the part can vibrate at the chuck, and the spring can play a good role in buffering the drill bit through elastic expansion, so that the damage of rigid extrusion to the mechanism part is reduced;
4. the chuck can be adjusted in size, parts within a certain diameter range can be machined by replacement, and the chuck is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and easy to maintain;
5. the small pneumatic sucker adsorbs and loosens the parts, so that the workpieces to be machined at the chuck are automatically integrated into a whole, and the workpieces are taken away and discharged;
6. the automatic feeding and discharging device has the advantages that the labor intensity of workers can be effectively reduced, the working safety of the workers is improved, the whole machining automation level is improved, the feeding and discharging efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the general components are adopted, the device is biased to production and manufacturing, the feasibility in the technical or economic aspect is good, and the device is suitable for batch production and manufacturing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a feeding mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a feeding mechanism at different angles;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the transport mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an automatic loading and unloading device of a numerically controlled lathe according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary feeding mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the chuck mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the chuck mechanism;
FIG. 9 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a robot mechanism;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the reciprocating mechanism.
In the figure: 1. a vibrating pan; 2. a first material pushing cylinder; 3. a support frame; 4. a loading track; 5. a track baffle; 6. a mechanical gripper; 7. a first swing cylinder; 8. a first motor; 9. a belt pulley; 10. a connecting plate; 11. a synchronous belt; 12. an inductor; 13. a truss; 14. a ball screw group; 15. a finger cylinder; 16. a second motor; 17. a support plate; 18. a cable track; 19. a support frame; 20. a corner support; 21. fixing the side plate; 22. a second rotary cylinder; 23. rotating the bracket; 24. a small pneumatic suction cup; 25. a second material pushing cylinder; 26. a collet chuck; 27. a chuck base; 28. a sleeve; 29. a base; 30. a main shaft connecting sleeve; 31. a beveled-mouth cylinder; 32. the inner cavity of the chuck; 33. a spring; 34. a top rod; 35. a sliding sleeve; 36. abutting against the disc; 37. a spring round sleeve; 38. fixing a sleeve; 39. a push rod; 40. a fixed rod 41 and a discharge rail; 42. a discharging box; 43. A material receiving bracket; 44. a support; 45. a display screen; 46. a cylinder; 47. a lathe door; 48. a fixed table; 49. a rotating plate; 50. a guide rail; 51. a slider; 52. a frame; 53. a body; 54. and (4) processing space.
Detailed Description
For a better illustration of the invention, reference is made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples:
as shown in fig. 1-12, the invention discloses an automatic loading and unloading device for a numerically controlled lathe, which comprises a machine body 53, the right side of the machine body 53 is connected with a frame 52, the upper side of the frame 52 is fixedly provided with a feeding mechanism for providing workpieces, the rear side of the feeding mechanism is provided with a discharging mechanism for collecting the workpieces, the left side of the feeding mechanism is provided with a processing space 54 in the right surface of the body 53, a lathe door 47 is slidably arranged at the front side of the processing space 54, a control mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the lathe door 47 is fixedly connected at the upper left side of the machine body 53, a transport mechanism fixedly arranged on the machine body 53 is arranged on the upper side of the processing space 54, a chuck mechanism for clamping a workpiece is arranged on the left wall of the processing space 54, and an auxiliary feeding mechanism for auxiliary feeding is fixedly arranged on the right wall of the processing space 54 on the right side of the chuck mechanism.
Further, feeding mechanism include fixed connection in vibration dish 1 on the frame 52, the left side of vibration dish 1 be provided with set firmly in two support frames 3 on the frame 52, fixedly connected with fixed station 48 between the support frame 3, fixedly connected with year material track 4 on the fixed station 48, it is located to carry material track 4 the positive downside of 1 discharge gate (not shown) of vibration dish, the downside fixedly connected with of discharge gate promotes carry and expect that the first material cylinder 2 that pushes away of work piece on the material track 4, the left end fixedly connected with who carries material track 4 is used for restricting the track baffle 5 of work piece position.
Further, the discharging mechanism comprises a material receiving support 43 located at the rear side of the frame 52, a discharging box 42 is fixedly arranged on the material receiving support 43, and a discharging rail 41 used for guiding a workpiece to slide into the discharging box 42 is arranged above and in front of the discharging box 42.
Further, the control mechanism comprises an air cylinder 46 fixedly arranged on the machine body 53, and a right output end of the air cylinder 46 is fixedly connected to the lathe door 47.
Further, a support 44 is fixedly connected to the body 53, and a display screen 45 is fixedly connected to the support 44.
Further, the transportation mechanism comprises two angle braces 20 fixedly arranged on the frame 53, a supporting frame 19 is fixedly connected between the angle braces 20, a fixed side plate 21 is fixedly connected to the front side of the supporting frame 19, a truss 13 is fixedly connected to the front side of the fixed side plate 21, a slider 51 is slidably connected in the truss 13, a reciprocating mechanism for driving the slider 51 to reciprocate is arranged in the truss 13, a manipulator mechanism for grabbing a workpiece is fixedly connected to the slider 51, the manipulator mechanism comprises a connecting plate 10 fixedly connected to the slider 51, a ball screw group 14 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate 10 away from the truss 13, a first rotary cylinder 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ball screw group 14, and a rotary plate 49 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first rotary cylinder 7, the lower end of the rotating plate 49 is fixedly connected with two finger cylinders 15, the lower end of each finger cylinder 15 is fixedly connected with a mechanical gripper 6, the upper end of each ball screw group 14 is in power connection with a first motor 8, the side edges of the ball screw groups 14 and the lower side of the truss 13 are provided with inductors 12, the reciprocating mechanism comprises two belt pulleys 9 which are rotatably connected inside the truss 13, a synchronous belt 11 is connected between the belt pulleys 9, a guide rail 50 which is positioned inside the truss 13 is further arranged between the belt pulleys 9, the guide rail 50 is in sliding connection with the slide block 51, one end of the slide block 51 is fixedly connected with the synchronous belt 11, the reciprocating mechanism further comprises a second motor 16 which is fixedly arranged outside the truss 13 and is in power connection with one of the belt pulleys 9, and the connecting plate 10 and the slide block 51 are fixedly connected with screws through threads, the upper side of the truss 13 is also fixedly provided with a supporting plate 17, and the supporting plate 17 is fixedly connected with a cable track 18 which is used for fixing a line so that the line is tidy and not disordered.
Further, the chuck mechanism comprises a spindle connecting sleeve 30 connected with a lathe spindle in the frame 53, a right end of the spindle connecting sleeve 30 is fixedly connected with a fixed sleeve 38, a right side of the fixed sleeve 38 is fixedly connected with a bevel barrel 31, a chuck 26 is arranged inside the bevel barrel 31, a right end of the chuck 26 is sleeved with a chuck base 27, a left side of the chuck base 27 is in threaded connection with a sleeve 28 sleeved outside the bevel barrel 31, a chuck inner cavity 32 is arranged inside the chuck 26, a push rod 39 is arranged in the chuck inner cavity 32, a left end of the push rod 39 extends into the spindle connecting sleeve 30, a butt disk 36 located in the chuck inner cavity 32 is slidably penetrated on the push rod 39, and the butt disk 36 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the chuck inner cavity 32 through a fixing rod, a spring 33 penetrated by the push rod 39 is fixedly connected to the left side of the abutting disk 36, the left end of the spring 33 is connected with a spring round sleeve 37 fixedly connected with the push rod 39, the outer side of the spring round sleeve 37 is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve 35 slidably connected with the fixed sleeve 38, the right end of the chuck 26 is provided with three clamping blocks (not shown) in an annular array, the left part of the chuck 26 connected with the clamping blocks has elasticity, so that the three clamping blocks can realize clamping and loosening actions, the right end of the push rod 39 is fixedly connected with an ejector rod 34 used for ejecting workpieces, the left end of the inner part of the spindle connecting sleeve 30 is fixedly provided with a pen-shaped air cylinder (not shown), the right output end of the pen-shaped air cylinder is fixedly connected with the left end of the push rod 39, and the left end of the sleeve 28 is connected with a base 29 through a bolt.
Further, the auxiliary feeding mechanism comprises a second rotary cylinder 22 fixedly arranged on the right wall of the processing space 54, a rotary support 23 is fixedly connected to the left output end of the second rotary cylinder 22, a second material pushing cylinder 25 is fixedly connected to the rotary support 23, and a small pneumatic suction cup 24 is fixedly connected to the left output end of the second material pushing cylinder 25.
Specifically, when machining is needed, the vibration disc 1 is started, then the vibration disc 1 gradually vibrates the workpiece to the material carrying track 4, then the first material pushing cylinder 2 is started, further the first material pushing cylinder 2 pushes the workpiece to the leftmost side until the workpiece is blocked by the track baffle 5, then the first material pushing cylinder 2 retracts to complete one-time feeding operation, and after the workpiece is taken away, the first material pushing cylinder 2 continuously repeats the operation, so that the workpiece is continuously provided;
then, the first motor 8 rotates forwards, the ball screw in the ball screw group 14 rotates and drives the ball screw 5 to move downwards integrally, the mechanical gripper 6 descends to a position to be gripped, the finger cylinder 15 drives the mechanical gripper 6 to grip a required workpiece, the first rotary cylinder 7 operates, the rotary plate 49 rotates, the other mechanical gripper 6 rotates to a position to be gripped, and the required workpiece is gripped again; then the first motor 8 rotates reversely, the mechanical gripper 6 rises to the initial height, then the second motor 16 on the truss 13 runs, the belt pulley 9 rotates and drives the belt pulley 11 to move, and the sliding block 51 moves and drives the mechanical arm mechanism to move integrally through the connecting plate 10; when the manipulator mechanism runs to be close to the small pneumatic suction cup 24, the sensor 12 receives a signal and controls the second motor 16 to stop running; then the first motor 8 rotates positively, and the mechanical gripper 6 descends to the same height of the small pneumatic sucker 24 again;
then, the small pneumatic suction cup 24 is started, and then the small pneumatic suction cup 24 adsorbs and fixes the workpiece, namely, the workpiece is taken down from the mechanical claw 6, and then the second material pushing cylinder 25 is started, so that the small pneumatic suction cup 24 moves to the left and the workpiece moves to the left, the workpiece is moved to the chuck mechanism and fixed by the chuck mechanism, and then the workpiece can start to be processed;
the lathe door 27 can be closed by the air cylinder 46;
then the first motor 8 rotates reversely, and the mechanical gripper 6 rises to the initial height, so that the processing work of the lathe is prevented from being influenced;
after the workpiece is machined, the workpiece is sucked and taken out through the small pneumatic suction cup 24, then the first motor 8 rotates forwards, the mechanical gripper 6 descends to the small pneumatic suction cup 24, the machined workpiece is taken out, then the first rotary cylinder 7 operates, the object to be machined on the other mechanical gripper 6 is placed at the small pneumatic suction cup 24, and then the workpiece is conveyed to the chuck mechanism through the small pneumatic suction cup 24 again and is machined continuously;
then the first motor 8 rotates reversely, and the mechanical gripper 6 rises to the initial height to wait for lathe machining;
after the lathe finishes processing, the first motor 8 rotates forwards, and the processed workpiece is taken out again through the mechanical gripper 6;
then the first motor rotates reversely 8 and rises to the initial height, and the mechanical gripper 6 at the moment already grips two machined workpieces;
the second motor 16 on the truss operates and returns to the initial position, then the finger cylinder 15 on the rear side stops operating, the processed workpiece in the mechanical gripper 6 on the rear side falls into the discharging rail 41 and slides into the discharging box 42, then the first rotary cylinder 7 operates, and the other processed workpiece is also conveyed into the discharging box 42, so that an integral operation cycle is completed;
the working principle of the chuck mechanism is as follows:
when a workpiece needs to be clamped, the pen-shaped air cylinder is started, the pen-shaped air cylinder drives the push rod 39 to move left, the spring round sleeve 37 and the sliding sleeve 35 move left and stretch the spring 33, and the abutting disc 36 is fixedly connected with the right end of the spring 33, so that the abutting disc 36 moves left under the action of elastic force of the spring 33, the chuck 26 is driven to move left through the fixed rod 40, and then the three clamping blocks of the chuck 26 are gathered together under the action of the right end inclined plane of the bevel opening cylinder 31, so that the clamping effect is realized;
when the clamping head needs to be loosened, the push rod 39 moves rightwards through the pen-shaped air cylinder, the spring round sleeve 37 and the sliding sleeve 35 move rightwards and push the spring 33 to the right side, the right end of the spring 33 is fixed on the abutting circular disc 36, therefore, the spring 33 is compressed and pushes the abutting circular disc 36 to the right side, the clamping head chuck 26 moves rightwards through the fixing rod 40, at the moment, the right end of the bevel opening cylinder 31 does not limit three clamping blocks, and therefore the three clamping blocks are far away from each other under the elastic action of the clamping head chuck 26, and the loosening effect is achieved;
meanwhile, with the continuous right movement of the push rod 39, the three clamping blocks are expanded to the maximum under the limitation of the clamping head seat 27, and at the moment, the push rod 34 can move to the right under the pushing of the push rod 39, so that the processed workpiece can be pushed to the right side by the push rod 34, and the processed workpiece can be taken out conveniently by the small pneumatic suction cup 24.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features can be replaced equally; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.一种数控车床的自动上下料装置，其特征在于：包括机体(53)，所述机体(53)的右侧连接有框架(52)，所述框架(52)的上侧固定设置有用于提供工件的供料机构，所述供料机构的后侧设有用于收集工件的出料机构，所述供料机构的左侧设置有位于所述机体(53)右表面内的加工空间(54)，所述加工空间(54)的前侧滑动设置有车床车门(47)，所述机体(53)的左上侧固定连接有用于控制所述车床车门(47)启闭的控制机构，所述加工空间(54)的上侧设置有固设于所述机体(53)上的运输机构，所述加工空间(54)的左壁上设置有用于夹持工件的夹头机构，所述夹头机构的右侧设置有固设于所述加工空间(54)右壁上的用于辅助送料的辅助送料机构。1. An automatic loading and unloading device for a numerically controlled lathe, characterized in that it comprises a body (53), the right side of the body (53) is connected with a frame (52), and the upper side of the frame (52) is fixedly provided with useful In the feeding mechanism for providing workpieces, the rear side of the feeding mechanism is provided with a discharging mechanism for collecting workpieces, and the left side of the feeding mechanism is provided with a processing space ( 54), the front side of the processing space (54) is slidably provided with a lathe door (47), and the upper left side of the body (53) is fixedly connected with a control mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the lathe door (47), so The upper side of the processing space (54) is provided with a transport mechanism fixed on the body (53), the left wall of the processing space (54) is provided with a chuck mechanism for clamping the workpiece, the clamp The right side of the head mechanism is provided with an auxiliary feeding mechanism fixed on the right wall of the processing space (54) for auxiliary feeding. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种数控车床的自动上下料装置，其特征在于：所述供料机构包括固定连接于所述框架(52)上的振动盘(1)，所述振动盘(1)的左侧设置有固设于所述框架(52)上的两个支撑架(3)，所述支撑架(3)之间固定连接有固定台(48)，所述固定台(48)上固定连接有载料轨道(4)，所述载料轨道(4)位于所述振动盘(1)出料口的正下侧，所述出料口的下侧固定连接有推动所述载料轨道(4)上工件的第一推料气缸(2)，所述载料轨道(4)的左端固定连接有用于限制工件位置的轨道挡板(5)。2. The automatic loading and unloading device of a numerically controlled lathe according to claim 1, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a vibrating disc (1) fixedly connected to the frame (52), and the vibrating disc The left side of (1) is provided with two support frames (3) fixed on the frame (52), a fixing table (48) is fixedly connected between the support frames (3), and the fixing table ( 48) A material-carrying rail (4) is fixedly connected to it, and the material-carrying rail (4) is located directly below the discharge port of the vibrating plate (1), and the lower side of the discharge port is fixedly connected with a pusher. The first material pushing cylinder (2) of the workpiece on the material carrying rail (4), the left end of the material carrying rail (4) is fixedly connected with a rail baffle plate (5) for limiting the position of the workpiece. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种数控车床的自动上下料装置，其特征在于：所述出料机构包括位于所述框架(52)后侧的接料支架(43)，所述接料支架(43)上固定设置有出料箱(42)，所述出料箱(42)的前上方设置有用于引导工件滑入所述出料箱(42)的出料轨道(41)。3. An automatic loading and unloading device for a numerically controlled lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: the discharging mechanism comprises a material receiving bracket (43) located on the rear side of the frame (52), and the material receiving A discharge box (42) is fixedly arranged on the bracket (43), and a discharge track (41) for guiding the workpiece to slide into the discharge box (42) is provided above the front of the discharge box (42). 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种数控车床的自动上下料装置，其特征在于：所述控制机构包括固设于所述机体(53)上的气缸(46)，所述气缸(46)的右侧输出端固定连接于所述车床车门(47)。4. The automatic loading and unloading device of a numerically controlled lathe according to claim 3, wherein the control mechanism comprises a cylinder (46) fixed on the body (53), and the cylinder (46) The right output end of the machine tool is fixedly connected to the lathe door (47). 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种数控车床的自动上下料装置，其特征在于：所述机体(53)上固定连接有支架(44)，所述支架(44)上固定连接有显示屏(45)。5. An automatic loading and unloading device for a numerically controlled lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that a bracket (44) is fixedly connected to the body (53), and a display screen is fixedly connected to the bracket (44). (45). 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种数控车床的自动上下料装置，其特征在于：所述运输机构包括固设于所述机架(53)上的两个角支撑(20)，所述角支撑(20)之间固定连接有支撑框架(19)，所述支撑框架(19)的前侧固定连接有固定侧板(21)，所述固定侧板(21)的前侧固定连接有桁架(13)，所述桁架(13)内滑动连接有滑块(51)，所述桁架(13)内设有用于带动所述滑块(51)往复移动的往复机构，所述滑块(51)上固定连接有用于抓取工件的机械手机构，所述机械手机构包括固定连接于所述滑块(51)的连接板(10)，所述连接板(10)远离所述桁架(13)的一侧固定连接有滚珠丝杆组(14)，所述滚珠丝杆组(14)的下端固定连接有第一回转气缸(7)，所述第一回转气缸(7)的下端固定连接有旋转板(49)，所述旋转板(49)的下端固定连接有两个手指气缸(15)，所述手指气缸(15)的下端固定连接有机械手爪(6)，所述滚珠丝杆组(14)的上端动力连接有第一电机(8)，所述滚珠丝杆组(14)的侧边以及所述桁架(13)的下侧设置有感应器(12)，所述往复机构包括转动连接于所述桁架(13)内部的两个皮带轮(9)，所述皮带轮(9)之间带连接有同步带(11)，所述皮带轮(9)之间还设置有位于所述桁架(13)内部的导轨(50)，所述导轨(50)上滑动连接有所述滑块(51)，所述滑块(51)的其中一端固定连接于所述同步带(11)，所述往复机构还包括固设于所述桁架(13)外侧且动力连接于其中一个所述皮带轮(9)的第二电机(16)，所述连接板(10)与所述滑块(51)通过螺纹与螺钉固定连接，所述桁架(13)的上侧还固定设置有支撑板(17)，所述支撑板(17)上固定连接有用于固定线路以便于线路整齐不乱的电缆轨道(18)。6. The automatic loading and unloading device of a numerically controlled lathe according to claim 5, wherein the transport mechanism comprises two corner supports (20) fixed on the frame (53), the A support frame (19) is fixedly connected between the corner supports (20), the front side of the support frame (19) is fixedly connected with a fixed side plate (21), and the front side of the fixed side plate (21) is fixedly connected with a A truss (13), a sliding block (51) is slidably connected in the truss (13), a reciprocating mechanism for driving the sliding block (51) to reciprocate is provided in the truss (13), and the sliding block (51) 51) A manipulator mechanism for grasping workpieces is fixedly connected thereon, the manipulator mechanism includes a connecting plate (10) fixedly connected to the slider (51), and the connecting plate (10) is away from the truss (13) A ball screw group (14) is fixedly connected to one side of the ball screw group, the lower end of the ball screw group (14) is fixedly connected with a first rotary cylinder (7), and the lower end of the first rotary cylinder (7) is fixedly connected with a A rotating plate (49), the lower end of the rotating plate (49) is fixedly connected with two finger cylinders (15), the lower end of the finger cylinder (15) is fixedly connected with a mechanical gripper (6), the ball screw group The upper end of (14) is powered with a first motor (8), the side of the ball screw group (14) and the lower side of the truss (13) are provided with an inductor (12), and the reciprocating mechanism includes Two pulleys (9) rotatably connected to the inside of the truss (13), a timing belt (11) is connected between the pulleys (9), and between the pulleys (9) is also provided on the truss (13) The inner guide rail (50), the sliding block (51) is slidably connected to the guide rail (50), and one end of the sliding block (51) is fixedly connected to the synchronous belt (11), so The reciprocating mechanism further comprises a second motor (16) fixed on the outside of the truss (13) and powered by one of the pulleys (9), the connecting plate (10) and the slider (51) The upper side of the truss (13) is also fixedly provided with a support plate (17), which is fixedly connected with a cable track ( 18). 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种数控车床的自动上下料装置，其特征在于：所述夹头机构包括与所述机架(53)内的车床主轴连接的主轴连接套(30)，所述主轴连接套(30)的右端固定连接有固定套(38)，所述固定套(38)的右侧固定连接有斜口圆筒(31)，所述斜口圆筒(31)的内部安装有夹头卡盘(26)，所述夹头卡盘(26)的右端套装有夹头座(27)，所述夹头座(27)的左侧螺纹连接有套装于所述斜口圆筒(31)外侧的套筒(28)，所述夹头卡盘(26)的内部设置有卡盘内腔(32)，所述卡盘内腔(32)内设置有推杆(39)，所述推杆(39)的左端伸入所述主轴连接套(30)，所述推杆(39)上滑动贯穿有位于所述卡盘内腔(32)内的抵接圆盘(36)，所述抵接圆盘(36)通过固定杆固定连接于所述卡盘内腔(32)的内壁，所述抵接圆盘(36)的左侧固定连接有被所述推杆(39)穿过的弹簧(33)，所述弹簧(33)的左端连接有固定连接于所述推杆(39)的弹簧圆套(37)，所述弹簧圆套(37)的外侧固定连接有滑动连接于所述固定套(38)的滑动套(35)所述夹头卡盘(26)的右端为三个环形阵列的夹块，所述夹头卡盘(26)与所述夹块连接的左侧部分具有弹性，所述推杆(39)的右端固定连接有用于将工件顶出的顶杆(34)，所述主轴连接套(30)的内部左端固定设置有笔形气缸，所述笔形气缸的右侧输出端固定连接于所述推杆(39)的左端，所述套筒(28)的左端螺栓连接有底座(29)。7. The automatic loading and unloading device of a numerically controlled lathe according to claim 6, wherein the chuck mechanism comprises a main shaft connecting sleeve (30) connected with the main shaft of the lathe in the frame (53), A fixing sleeve (38) is fixedly connected to the right end of the main shaft connecting sleeve (30), and an oblique cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the right side of the fixing sleeve (38). A collet chuck (26) is installed inside, the right end of the collet chuck (26) is sheathed with a collet seat (27), and the left side of the collet seat (27) is threadedly connected with a collet seat (27) sleeved on the diagonal A sleeve (28) on the outside of the mouth cylinder (31), a chuck inner cavity (32) is arranged inside the collet chuck (26), and a push rod (32) is arranged in the chuck inner cavity (32). 39), the left end of the push rod (39) extends into the main shaft connecting sleeve (30), and the push rod (39) slides through an abutting disc located in the inner cavity (32) of the chuck (36), the abutting disc (36) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the chuck cavity (32) through a fixing rod, and the left side of the abutting disc (36) is fixedly connected to the A spring (33) through which the rod (39) passes, the left end of the spring (33) is connected with a spring round sleeve (37) fixedly connected to the push rod (39), the outer side of the spring round sleeve (37) A sliding sleeve (35) that is slidably connected to the fixing sleeve (38) is fixedly connected to the right end of the collet chuck (26) is three annular arrays of clamping blocks, and the collet chuck (26) is connected to the The left part of the clamping block connection has elasticity, the right end of the push rod (39) is fixedly connected with a push rod (34) for pushing out the workpiece, and the inner left end of the main shaft connecting sleeve (30) is fixedly provided with a pen-shaped A cylinder, the right output end of the pen-shaped cylinder is fixedly connected to the left end of the push rod (39), and the left end of the sleeve (28) is bolted with a base (29). 8.根据权利要求7所述的一种数控车床的自动上下料装置，其特征在于：所述辅助送料机构包括固设于所述加工空间(54)右壁上的第二回转气缸(22)，所述第二回转气缸(22)的左侧输出端固定连接有旋转支架(23)，所述旋转支架(23)上固定连接有第二推料气缸(25)，所述第二推料气缸(25)的左侧输出端固定连接有小型气动吸盘(24)。8. The automatic loading and unloading device of a numerically controlled lathe according to claim 7, wherein the auxiliary feeding mechanism comprises a second rotary cylinder (22) fixed on the right wall of the processing space (54). , a rotating bracket (23) is fixedly connected to the left output end of the second rotary cylinder (22), and a second pushing cylinder (25) is fixedly connected to the rotating support (23), and the second pushing material A small pneumatic suction cup (24) is fixedly connected to the left output end of the air cylinder (25).
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CN115383501A (en) * 2022-09-23 2022-11-25 东莞市纳百医疗科技有限公司 Automatic unloader that goes up of numerical control lathe
CN117428548A (en) * 2023-10-30 2024-01-23 无锡成维车辆配件有限公司 An efficient processing system for pipe ends and its efficient processing method
CN118809129A (en) * 2024-09-20 2024-10-22 广东全丰智能装备有限公司 Feeding device for screw machine

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