CN113972781B - A kind of rotor shaft and motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and discloses a rotor shaft and a motor. The rotor shaft includes a shaft, a rotor and a cooling ring. The rotating shaft is used for fixed connection with the inner ring of the bearing; the rotor is fixed on the rotating shaft. The cooling ring is fixed on the rotating shaft and spaced apart from the rotor. The cooling ring has a first end face and a second end face arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The first end face is located between the second end face and the rotor. The refrigerant located on the side of the first end face The temperature of the medium is higher because it is closer to the rotor, and the cooling ring also has a flow guide structure, which is used to guide the cooling medium to flow from the first end surface to the second end surface when the cooling ring rotates, thereby guiding the high temperature cooling medium to the The lower temperature end achieves the effect of cooling the rotor.

Description

A kind of rotor shaft and motor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a rotor shaft and a motor.

Background technique

Many devices need to use motors, and the heat generated by the motor during operation is very serious, especially in high-speed permanent magnet motors, due to the eddy current effect on the rotor surface, the heat generated by the rotor and the shaft is often more serious than that of the stator and the casing . In addition, the surface of the rotor is mostly made of carbon fiber sheath structure. Due to the physical characteristics of carbon fiber itself, the heat dissipation performance of the rotor surface is very poor, which further aggravates the heat generation of the rotor and the shaft.

At present, the cooling of motors mostly adopts a water-cooled casing or an external fan structure, which can have a good cooling effect on the casing and stator of the motor, but has little effect on the rotor shaft with severe heat generation. In order to solve this problem, a rotor shaft 500 with a refrigerant channel 501 has appeared on the market. Its structural diagram is shown in Figure 1. The refrigerant channel 501 is opened inside the rotor shaft 500. The heat of 500 is taken out to cool down the rotor shaft 500. However, there are problems with this solution: firstly, due to the need to open holes on the rotor shaft 500, the processing difficulty of the rotor shaft 500 will increase, and at the same time, because the refrigerant medium needs to circulate in the refrigerant channel 501 and the outside of the rotor shaft 500, in order to Adapting this kind of rotor shaft 500 will inevitably lead to more complex structure of the motor, which is not conducive to installation and later maintenance; in addition, this solution only conducts heat through the flow of the cold medium itself, and its heat dissipation effect is not good. If it is necessary to achieve a better To improve the heat dissipation effect, it is necessary to add a fan to guide the cold medium to form a circulation, which is very unfavorable for design and manufacture.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rotor shaft and a motor to solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

According to one aspect of the present invention, a rotor shaft is provided, which can use the rotation of the shaft itself to guide the cooling medium that has absorbed the heat of the rotor away from the rotor, so as to achieve the effect of self-radiation.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A rotor shaft comprising:

The rotating shaft is used for fixed connection with the inner ring of the bearing;

a rotor fixed to the above-mentioned shaft;

a cooling ring fixed to the rotating shaft and spaced apart from the rotor, the cooling ring has a first end face and a second end face spaced along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the first end face is located between the second end face and the rotor, The heat dissipation ring also has a flow guide structure, and the flow guide structure is used to guide the cooling medium to flow from the first end surface to the second end surface when the heat dissipation ring rotates.

As a preferred solution of the rotor shaft, the flow guide structure includes a flow guide groove provided on the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation ring, the flow guide groove is helical, and the center line of the flow guide groove coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft.

As a preferred solution for the rotor shaft, the above-mentioned flow guide structure further includes a flow guide hole opened on the above-mentioned heat dissipation ring, one end of the above-mentioned flow guide hole passes through the above-mentioned first end surface, and the other end passes through the outer peripheral surface of the above-mentioned heat dissipation ring and is connected to the The above-mentioned diversion grooves are connected.

As a preferred solution of the rotor shaft, the above-mentioned flow-guiding structure further includes a flow-guiding hole opened in the above-mentioned heat dissipation ring, one end of the above-mentioned flow-guiding hole passes through the above-mentioned first end surface, and the other end of the above-mentioned flow-guiding hole passes through the above-mentioned second end surface.

As a preferred solution of the rotor shaft, there are multiple guide holes, and the multiple guide holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation ring.

As a preferred solution of the rotor shaft, there are two heat dissipation rings, and the two heat dissipation rings are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotor along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motor, including the above-mentioned rotor shaft, and further comprising:

Motor housing;

The stator is fixed to the motor housing and the gap is sleeved on the rotor, and there is a second gap between the stator and the rotor;

The outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the motor housing, and the rotating shaft is fixed to the inner ring of the bearing.

As a preferred solution of the motor, there is a first gap between the stator and the motor casing, and the first gap communicates with the second gap.

As a preferred solution of a motor, the stator includes a stator core and a stator winding, the second gap includes a gap between the stator core and the rotor and a gap between the stator winding and the rotor, the stator There is a third gap between the windings, and the third gap communicates with the first gap and the second gap respectively.

As a preferred solution of the motor, the above-mentioned motor housing has cooling fins.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Through the heat dissipation ring fixed on the rotating shaft and spaced apart from the rotor, when the rotating shaft rotates, the rotating shaft drives the heat dissipation ring to rotate synchronously. The cooling medium close to the rotor has a relatively high temperature due to absorbing the heat of the rotor. Because the heat dissipation ring has a flow guide structure The cooling medium is guided by the guide structure to flow from the first end surface close to the rotor to the second end surface away from the rotor, so that the cooling medium close to the rotor is guided away from the rotor, and the heat of the rotor is transferred to achieve the effect of cooling the rotor. In addition, since the heat dissipation ring is fixed on the rotating shaft and rotates completely by the rotating shaft, the heat dissipation of the rotor can be achieved without setting an additional power source, which makes the structure of the rotor shaft and the motor simpler.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a rotor shaft in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rotor shaft in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of place A in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the enlarged view of place B in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the motor in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture:

500, rotor shaft; 501, refrigerant channel;

100. Motor casing;

200, stator; 201, stator core; 202, stator winding;

300, bearing;

401, the first gap; 402, the second gap; 403, the third gap;

1. Shaft;

2. Rotor;

3. Heat dissipation ring; 31. The first end face; 32. The second end face; 33. The diversion groove; 34. The diversion hole.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only some structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings but not all structures.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "under" the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

In the description of this embodiment, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right" and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operations. It is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in description, and have no special meaning.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a rotor shaft in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rotor shaft, which dissipates heat through the rotation of the rotor shaft itself, has a simple structure, and can be used in motors, and is also applicable to generators. This embodiment uses the motor as an example for illustration.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 2 , the rotor shaft includes a rotating shaft 1 , a rotor 2 and a cooling ring 3 . The rotating shaft 1 is used for connecting with the motor, specifically for being fixedly connected with the inner ring of the bearing in the motor. The rotor 2 is fixed on the rotating shaft 1, and the rotor 2 is used to cooperate with the stator of the motor to generate high-speed rotary motion under the drive of the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator. The cooling ring 3 is fixed on the rotating shaft 1 and spaced apart from the rotor 2 . Optionally, the axis of the cooling ring 3 coincides with the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1 to facilitate processing and assembly. The rotating shaft 1 and the cooling ring 3 can be fixedly connected by interference fit, or can be connected by welding.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 2 , the cooling ring 3 has a first end surface 31 and a second end surface 32 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1 , the first end surface 31 is located between the second end surface 32 and the rotor 2 , that is to say, the first end surface 31 is closer to the rotor than the second end surface 32, and the refrigerant medium located on the side of the first end surface 31 is closer to the rotor 2, which is easier to absorb the heat of the rotor 2 and thus has a relatively high temperature, while the refrigerant medium located on the side of the second end surface 32 is The temperature is relatively low. The heat dissipation ring 3 also has a flow guiding structure, which is used to guide the cooling medium to flow from the first end surface 31 to the second end surface 32 when the heat dissipation ring 3 rotates. When the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the rotating shaft 1 drives the cooling ring 3 to rotate synchronously, and the guide structure guides the refrigerant medium to flow from the first end surface 31 close to the rotor 2 to the second end surface 32 far away from the rotor 2, thereby guiding the refrigerant medium close to the rotor 2 away from the The rotor 2 transfers the heat of the rotor 2, accelerates the flow of the cooling medium, reduces the surface temperature of the rotor 2, and achieves the effect of dissipating heat from the rotor 2. In addition, since the cooling ring 3 is fixed on the rotating shaft 1 and rotates completely depending on the rotating shaft 1, there is no need to install an additional power source, and the heat dissipation of the rotor 2 can be achieved only through the rotation of the rotor shaft, which makes the structure of the rotor shaft and the motor simpler .

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of A in Fig. 2 . Referring to FIGS. 2-3 , specifically, the flow guide structure includes a flow guide groove 33 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cooling ring 3 . Through the spiral guide groove 33, when the cooling ring 3 rotates, the guide groove 33 provides a driving force for the refrigerant medium located near the guide groove 33 to flow from the side of the first end surface 31 to the side of the second end surface 32, guiding The cooling medium flows from the first end surface 31 to the second end surface 32 . In addition, the provision of the spiral guide groove 33 can also increase the heat dissipation area, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the heat dissipation ring 3 itself.

As an alternative, the flow guide structure includes flow guide protrusions arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation ring 3, and the flow guide protrusions form an angle with the heat dissipation ring 3 in the axial direction and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation ring 3. 3. When rotating, it can also guide the cooling medium to flow from the first end surface 31 to the second end surface 32.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at B in Fig. 2 . Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the diversion structure also includes a diversion hole 34 opened on the heat dissipation ring 3, one end of the diversion hole 34 passes through the first end surface 31, and the other end passes through the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation ring 3, so that the diversion The hole 34 forms an included angle with the axis of the heat dissipation ring 3. When the heat dissipation ring 3 rotates, under centrifugal action, the refrigerant medium can be guided to flow from the first end surface 31 to the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation ring 3, and the refrigerant medium close to the rotor 2 can be guided away from the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation ring 3. Rotor 2, thereby cooling the rotor 2.

As an alternative, one end of the guide hole 34 passes through the first end face 31, and the other end passes through the second end face 32, so that the guide hole 34 can guide the refrigerant medium to flow from the first end face 31 to the second end face 32, The circulation efficiency of the cooling medium is enhanced. In addition, even when the rotor shaft is stationary, the guide hole 34 also has a certain drainage effect. Preferably, the air guide hole 34 forms an included angle with the axis of the heat dissipation ring 3 , and the opening of the air guide hole 34 on the first end surface 31 is closer to the axis of the heat dissipation ring 3 than the opening of the air guide hole 34 on the second end surface 32 , so that the cold medium can flow under the centrifugal force by its own gravity, and the included angle between the guide hole 34 and the axis of the cooling ring 3 is preferably 25-45°.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , in this embodiment, the diversion hole 34 communicates with the diversion groove 33 , so that the diversion hole 34 and the diversion groove 33 have an integral technical effect. The specific principle is that the opening of the flow guide hole 34 located on the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation ring 3 is set in the flow guide groove 33, so that after the refrigerant medium is guided through the flow guide hole 34 and discharged from the opening located on the outer surface of the heat dissipation ring 3, it passes through again. The guidance of the guide groove 33 reaches the second end face 32 . Due to the arrangement of the flow guide holes 34, the cooling medium has multiple paths to enter the flow guiding groove 33, which enhances the guiding effect of the flow guiding groove 33 on the cooling medium.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , there are multiple guide holes 34 , and the multiple guide holes 34 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cooling ring 3 . By arranging a plurality of flow guide holes 34 to enhance the drainage effect of the flow guide holes 34, the heat dissipation effect can be further improved.

Referring to Fig. 2-Fig. 4, since the rotor 2 is generally arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft 1, in order to enhance the flow effect of the cooling medium on both sides of the rotor 2 at the same time, two cooling rings 3 are provided, and the two cooling rings 3 are arranged along the rotating shaft 1 respectively. The axial direction is arranged on both sides of the rotor 2. At this time, the different guide grooves 33 on the two cooling rings 3 rotate in opposite directions. Optionally, a plurality of heat dissipation rings 3 are provided, and the plurality of heat dissipation rings 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotor 2 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. It should be noted that the guide grooves on each heat dissipation ring 3 on the same side of the rotor 2 33 have the same direction of rotation, and any two guide grooves 33 on each cooling ring 3 on both sides of the rotor 2 have opposite directions of rotation.

The following describes the heat dissipation principle of the rotor shaft in detail in conjunction with Figure 2-Figure 4:

During the operation of the motor, the rotating shaft 1 and the rotor 2 rotate, and the rotor 2 tends to generate heat, so that the temperature of the cooling medium near the rotor 2 is relatively high. The rotating shaft 1 drives the heat dissipation ring 3 to rotate synchronously, and the flow guide structure guides the refrigerant on the side of the first end surface 31 to move to the side of the second end surface 32 . There are two paths for the refrigerant medium to enter the diversion structure, one is to enter the diversion groove 33 directly through the opening of the diversion groove 33 located on the first end surface 31, and the other is to enter the diversion groove 33 through the diversion hole 34 connected to the diversion groove 33 In slot 33. After the refrigerant medium enters the guide groove 33 , the spiral guide groove 33 guides the refrigerant medium to flow through the opening of the guide groove 33 at the second end surface 32 , and then reaches the side of the second end surface 32 . Therefore, the relatively high-temperature cooling medium, that is, the cooling medium located on the side of the first end surface 31 is guided by the flow guide structure and enters the side of the second end surface 32 to achieve the effect of heat dissipation.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a motor in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5 , this embodiment also provides a motor, which includes the above-mentioned rotor shaft, and also includes a motor housing 100 , a stator 200 and a bearing 300 . The stator 200 is fixed on the motor casing 100 and the gap is sleeved on the rotor 2, there is a second gap 402 between the stator 200 and the rotor 2, the outer ring of the bearing 300 is fixed on the motor casing 100, and the rotating shaft 1 is fixed on the inner ring of the bearing 300 .

Continuing to refer to FIG. 5 , there is a first gap 401 between the stator 200 and the motor housing 100 , and the first gap 401 communicates with the second gap 402 . In this embodiment, the opening of the guide groove 33 on the first end surface 31 communicates with the first gap 401, and the opening of the guide groove 33 on the second end surface 32 communicates with the second gap, so that the heat dissipation process of the rotor shaft is located at The cooling medium in the second gap 402 flows to the first gap 401 to achieve heat dissipation.

5, the stator 200 includes a stator core 201 and a stator winding 202, the second gap 402 includes a gap between the stator core 201 and the rotor 2 and a gap between the stator winding 202 and the rotor 2, the stator winding 202 There is a third gap 403 therebetween, and the third gap 403 communicates with the first gap 401 and the second gap 402 respectively. Through the third gap 403, the circulation of the refrigerant medium forms a circuit, that is, the refrigerant medium circulates among the second gap 402, the first gap 401 and the third gap 403 in sequence, specifically, under the action of the flow guide structure, the refrigerant medium flows from the second gap 402 to the third gap 403. The gap 402 flows to the first gap 401, so that the pressure of the fluid in the first gap 401 is higher than that of the second gap 402, and then drives the refrigerant located in the first gap 401 to flow into the second gap 402 again, specifically through The third gap 403 flows back to the second gap 402, and the above process is repeated again. Since the second gap 402 is close to the rotor 2, the temperature of the refrigerant in the second gap 402 is relatively high, while the temperature of the refrigerant in the first gap 401 can be exchanged with the outside of the motor through the motor casing 100, so that the temperature of the refrigerant is relatively low. The medium circulates and exchanges heat continuously, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the surface temperature of the rotor 2.

Optionally, the motor housing 100 has cooling fins to further improve the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling medium located in the first gap 401 and the outside of the motor, and indirectly improve the heat dissipation effect on the rotor 2 .

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. Various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. All modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A rotor shaft, characterized in that it comprises: The rotating shaft (1) is used for fixed connection with the inner ring of the bearing (300); The rotor (2) is fixed on the rotating shaft (1); A cooling ring (3), fixed to the rotating shaft (1) and spaced from the rotor (2), the cooling ring (3) has a first end surface ( 31) and a second end surface (32), the first end surface (31) is located between the second end surface (32) and the rotor (2), and the cooling ring (3) also has a flow guide structure, The flow guide structure is used to guide the cooling medium to flow from the first end surface (31) to the second end surface (32) when the heat dissipation ring (3) rotates; The diversion structure includes a diversion groove (33) opened on the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation ring (3), the diversion groove (33) is helical and the center line of the diversion groove (33) is in line with the The axes of the rotating shaft (1) coincide; The diversion structure also includes a diversion hole (34) opened in the heat dissipation ring (3), one end of the diversion hole (34) passes through the first end face (31), and the other end passes through the first end surface (31). The outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation ring (3) and communicated with the guide groove (33); The diversion structure also includes a diversion hole (34) opened in the heat dissipation ring (3), one end of the diversion hole (34) passes through the first end face (31), and the other end passes through the first end surface (31). The second end face (32); The guide hole (34) forms an included angle with the axis of the heat dissipation ring (3), and the opening of the guide hole (34) located on the first end surface (31) is opposite to the guide hole ( 34) The opening located on the second end surface (32) is closer to the axis of the cooling ring (3). 2. The rotor shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that there are multiple guide holes (34), and the multiple guide holes (34) are spaced along the circumferential direction of the cooling ring (3) set up. 3. The rotor shaft according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that two heat dissipation rings (3) are provided, and the two heat dissipation rings (3) are respectively arranged along the shaft (1) The axial direction is arranged on both sides of the rotor (2). 4. A motor, characterized in that it comprises the rotor shaft according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising: Motor housing (100); The stator (200) is fixed to the motor housing (100) and the gap is sleeved on the rotor (2), and there is a second gap (402) between the stator (200) and the rotor (2); The outer ring of the bearing (300) is fixed to the motor housing (100), and the rotating shaft (1) is fixed to the inner ring of the bearing (300). 5. The motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, there is a first gap (401) between the stator (200) and the motor casing (100), and the first gap (401) and the The second gap (402) is connected. 6. The motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, the stator (200) includes a stator core (201) and a stator winding (202), and the second gap (402) includes (201) and the gap between the rotor (2) and the gap between the stator winding (202) and the rotor (2), the stator winding (202) has a third gap (403) ), the third gap (403) communicates with the first gap (401) and the second gap (402) respectively. 7. The motor according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, the motor housing (100) has cooling fins.

Images