CN113969446A - Preparation method of functional yarn - Google Patents
Preparation method of functional yarn Download PDFInfo
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- CN113969446A CN113969446A CN202111254862.3A CN202111254862A CN113969446A CN 113969446 A CN113969446 A CN 113969446A CN 202111254862 A CN202111254862 A CN 202111254862A CN 113969446 A CN113969446 A CN 113969446A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F4/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/90—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/94—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of other polycondensation products
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/10—Yarns or threads formed from collagenous materials, e.g. catgut
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyurethanes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber and yarn preparation, and relates to a preparation method of functional yarn, which comprises the following steps: a. preparing electrostatic spinning solution; b. electrostatic spinning of nanofibers; c. twisting the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber; d. and drafting and winding the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber into yarn. The invention also further provides a preparation method of the mint nano fiber and the mint nano yarn; a preparation method of wormwood nano fiber and yarn; preparation methods of the color-changing nanofiber and the color-changing yarn. The preparation method of the functional yarn provided by the invention develops a novel preparation method of the functional yarn, can be used for preparing superfine nano fibers, and has the advantages of soft and strong weavability of the prepared nano fiber yarn, simple preparation process and easy operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber and yarn preparation, and relates to a preparation method of functional yarn.
Background
Currently, in order to meet diversified demands, various functional yarns such as mint yarns, wormwood yarns, color-changing yarns and the like are introduced in the market, but the preparation of these yarns is insufficient. In view of the above, it is desirable to develop a novel functional fiber and a method for preparing yarn thereof. For example:
1. mint yarn
The green and natural oleum Menthae Dementholatum has effects of refreshing, resolving stagnation, refreshing, caring skin, keeping moisture, dispelling pathogenic wind, clearing heat, preventing typhoid fever, resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation, preventing mosquito, promoting digestion, relieving sore throat, eliminating phlegm, relieving asthma, and removing odor. At present, the development of mint textiles mainly uses mint oil as a core material to prepare microcapsules and finishes the microcapsules on fabrics in a spinning or after-finishing mode, for example, the mint essential oil microcapsules and viscose spinning solution are blended and spun or are mixed with polypropylene, polyamide and the like to melt and spin to prepare mint fibers, and the mint oil microcapsules are finished into cotton fabrics or polyester fabrics in a padding mode. The developed mint fiber has the characteristics of moisture absorption, ventilation, smoothness, coolness, refreshing, antibiosis, anti-inflammation, mosquito prevention, naturalness, greenness and health. The multifunctional T-shirt can be widely applied to T-shirts, fashionable dresses, sportswear, bedding, lining, casual clothes, vests, camisole, back cushions, throw pillows, home wear, mosquito nets, screen mesh cloth and the like, and more accords with the healthy and environment-friendly living idea of people, and has good development prospect. There are major problems: (1) the content of the peppermint oil in the fiber is low, and the peppermint oil is difficult to release through the microcapsule wall and the thicker fiber diameter, so that the effect of the peppermint is difficult to fully and obviously exert; (2) the mint fabric developed by adopting an after-finishing mode is hard in hand feeling and poor in washability.
2. Wormwood yarn
The folium Artemisiae Argyi essential oil contains organic compounds such as tea polyphenols, caffeine, lipopolysaccharide, etc., and has effects of dredging meridian passage, protecting liver, promoting gallbladder function, eliminating dampness, dispelling cold, warming uterus, stopping bleeding, relieving itching, disinfecting, diminishing inflammation, resisting virus, sterilizing, relieving asthma, relieving cough, preventing miscarriage, resisting allergy, chronic bronchitis and asthma, aromatic inhibiting loempe, expelling mosquito and fly, and insect and ant. The prior wormwood fiber mainly comprises whole wormwood viscose fiber and wormwood modified fiber. Wherein the all-wormwood viscose fiber is prepared by preparing wormwood pulp from diameter, leaf or rod of wormwood and spinning the solution; the folium Artemisiae Argyi modified fiber is prepared by adding folium Artemisiae Argyi powder or folium Artemisiae Argyi extract into spinning solution, and spinning by grinding folium Artemisiae Argyi fibril into powder and blending with high polymer slice for melt spinning, adding folium Artemisiae Argyi extract into viscose spinning solution, etc. There are major problems: the whole wormwood viscose fiber has insufficient toughness, and the wormwood functional components are easy to lose or damage in the preparation process, so that the effect is not ideal. The wormwood modified viscose fiber has low content of wormwood essential oil, general functional effect, poor durability, large fiber diameter (more than 10 mu m) and limited applicability.
3. Color-changing yarn
The color-changing yarn has wide application, can be used for manufacturing ornaments, fabrics, clothes, wigs, woven belts, trademarks, socks and the like, has the functions of fantasy colors, eyeball attraction, environmental correspondence and the like, and has wide market. The prior preparation method of the color-changing yarn mainly comprises a post-finishing method, an electroplating method, a melt spinning method and the like. The latter finishing method is to make reversible color-changing material into microcapsule and combine it with fiber product by means of adhesive. The electroplating method is to electroplate inorganic electrochromic materials (such as metal oxides and/or alloy oxides) on the conductive yarn. The color-changing fiber products prepared by the post-finishing method and the electroplating method generally have the defects of poor color fastness, hard hand feeling and poor durability. The melt spinning method mixes the reversible color-changing material with spinning master batches such as polyester master batches, polypropylene master batches and polyethylene master batches to prepare color-changing master batches for melt spinning, PP, PE and PET temperature-changing yarns are developed at present, the color fastness is good, the durability is strong, and the main problems of yarn thickness of more than 150D, low content of color-changing substances, light color, hard hand feeling and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of functional yarn and develops a novel preparation method of functional yarn.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a method of making a functional yarn, the method comprising the steps of:
a. preparing an electrostatic spinning solution: selecting a polymer, a solvent and functional components, and preparing a spinning solution, wherein the polymer is a fiber-forming high polymer;
b. electrostatic spinning of nanofibers: the injection pump pushes the solution in the injector to form liquid drops at the spinneret according to a proper speed, and the liquid drops are ejected in a jet flow under the action of a proper electrostatic field force and are stretched and refined to prepare the fiber nano-fibers;
c. twisting the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber: for the nanometer fiber which is not dissolved in water, the relative position of the spinning nozzle and the vortex liquid level is adjusted, so that the nanometer fiber sprayed by the spinning nozzle is deposited on the vortex liquid level according to a certain direction and distance to be collected and twisted in a rotating way; for the nano-fiber dissolved in water, adjusting the direction of a spinning nozzle to ensure that the sprayed nano-fiber is gathered and twisted on a rotary bell mouth for one section;
d. drafting and winding the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber into yarn: and starting the winding device to enable the twisted nanofiber aggregate to leave the twisting zone at a proper speed, pass through the heating and shaping zone and the yarn reciprocating zone in sequence and then be wound on a bobbin.
In the above method for preparing a functional yarn, the polymer is selected from one or more of polyurethane, polyamide, polylactic-co-glycolic acid, fibroin, gelatin and collagen; the solvent is selected from one or more of distilled water, formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, dichloromethane, hexafluoroisopropanol ethanol, dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran.
In the preparation method of the functional yarn, the functional component is mint essential oil, the concentration of the polymer spinning solution is 0.12g/ml-0.20g/ml, and the content of the mint essential oil accounts for 30-55% of the polymer mass.
In the preparation method of the functional yarn, the functional component is wormwood essential oil, the concentration of the polymer spinning solution is 0.12g/ml-0.20g/ml, and the content of the wormwood essential oil accounts for 30-55% of the polymer mass.
In the preparation method of the functional yarn, the functional components are temperature-sensitive pigment, photosensitive pigment or noctilucent powder, the concentration of the polymer spinning solution is 0.12g/ml-0.20g/ml, and the content of the functional components accounts for 25-55% of the mass of the polymer.
In the above method for preparing functional yarn, in step b, the electrostatic spinning voltage is 10-20kV, the propulsion pump speed is 0.8-2.5ml/h, and the receiving distance is 10-25 cm.
In the above method for preparing functional yarn, the rotation twisting speed in step c is 200-800 r/min.
In the above method for preparing the functional yarn, in the step d, the heat setting temperature is 80-130 ℃, the setting time is 1-3min, and the winding speed is 1-40 m/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a preparation method of novel functional yarn, which can be used for preparing superfine nano fiber, and the prepared nano fiber yarn is soft and has strong weavability, and the preparation process is simple and easy to operate. Furthermore, due to the adoption of proper spinning solution concentration, composition proportion and process parameters, the nanofiber with better electrostatic spinning forming can be obtained.
2. The mint yarn and the wormwood yarn prepared by the invention have the advantages of high essential oil content, good slow release and sufficient and lasting effect. The color-changing yarn prepared by the invention has the advantages of high color-changing pigment content and high color-changing speed.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Further, modifications to the invention, as would be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims and their equivalents.
The equipment adopted in the embodiment is the equipment provided in the Chinese invention patent application 201910058640.0.
First set of example mint nanofiber and yarn preparation
Example 1
Before spinning, 0.16g of polyurethane (PU with the molecular weight of 60000g/mol) is dissolved in a mixed solvent consisting of 9.2g of Dimethylformamide (DMF) and 9.2g of Tetrahydrofuran (THF), then 0.064g of mint essential oil is added, and magnetic stirring is carried out for 12 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain the PU-mint essential oil spinning solution. During spinning, the PU-mint essential oil spinning solution is respectively filled into injectors of two injection pumps for spinning. Then parameters are adjusted, the spinning nozzles are positioned 200mm above the vortex liquid level and point to the vortex center at 45 degrees with the vortex liquid level, and the two spinning nozzles are positioned on the diameter of the circular vortex and are 350mm apart. The two injectors respectively have the speed of 0.8ml/h to convey the PU-mint essential oil spinning solution to the spinning nozzles, the two spinning nozzles apply the +12Kv electrostatic voltage, the jet flow is sprayed under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the jet flow is stretched and refined into nanofiber flying to the liquid level vortex, and the nanofiber is converged, twisted and wound on the yarn guide along with the rotation of the vortex. And guiding the yarn to move upwards to drive the nanofiber yarn in the vortex to leave the water surface, drying and shaping the nanofiber yarn, and then winding the nanofiber yarn on a bobbin, wherein the drying and shaping temperature is 90 ℃, the yarn winding speed is 600mm/s, and the yarn reciprocating speed is 30 mm/s.
Example 2
Before spinning, 0.16g of polyamide (PA6) and 0.08g of mint essential oil are dissolved in 0.64g of formic acid solvent and are magnetically stirred for 12 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain PA 6-mint essential oil spinning solution. During spinning, PA 6-mint essential oil spinning solution is respectively filled into the injectors of two injection pumps for spinning. Then parameters are adjusted, the spinning nozzles are positioned 200mm above the vortex liquid level and point to the vortex center at 45 degrees with the vortex liquid level, and the two spinning nozzles are positioned on the diameter of the circular vortex and are 450mm apart. The two injectors have the speed of 1.0ml/h and deliver PA 6-mint essential oil spinning solution to the spinneret, the spinneret applies +12Kv and-12 Kv electrostatic voltage respectively, the jet flow is sprayed under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the jet flow is stretched and refined into nanofiber flying to the liquid surface vortex, and the nanofiber is converged, twisted and wound on a yarn guide along with the rotation of the vortex. And guiding the yarn to move upwards to drive the nanofiber yarn in the vortex to leave the water surface, drying and shaping the nanofiber yarn, and then winding the nanofiber yarn on a bobbin, wherein the drying and shaping temperature is 90 ℃, the yarn winding speed is 400mm/s, and the yarn reciprocating speed is 25 mm/s.
Example 3
Before spinning, 0.2g of Silk Fibroin (SF) and 0.1g of mint essential oil are dissolved in 18.4g of Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) solvent, and magnetic stirring is carried out for 12 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain SF-mint essential oil spinning solution. During spinning, the SF-mint essential oil spinning solution is respectively filled into the injectors of the two injection pumps for spinning. Then parameters are adjusted, the spinning nozzles are positioned at the position 100mm below the selected bell mouth, 45 degrees are formed between the spinning nozzles and the plane of the bell mouth, the spinning nozzles point to the center of the bell mouth, and the distance between the two spinning nozzles is 150 mm. The two injectors respectively have the speed of 1.0ml/h to convey SF-mint essential oil spinning solution to the spinning nozzles, the two spinning nozzles respectively apply +12Kv and-12 Kv electrostatic voltage, jet flow is sprayed under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the jet flow is stretched and refined into nanofiber, the nanofiber flies to a rotary bell mouth to be collected, twisted and wound on core yarn, the core yarn runs downwards to drive the nanofiber yarn below the bell mouth to be wound on a bobbin, the yarn winding speed is 200mm/s, and the yarn reciprocating speed is 80 mm/s.
Second set of examples preparation of Wormwood nanofibers and yarns
Example 4
Before spinning, 0.16g of polyurethane (PUl) is dissolved in a mixed solvent consisting of 9.2g of Dimethylformamide (DMF) and 9.2g of Tetrahydrofuran (THF), then 0.064g of wormwood essential oil is added and magnetic stirring is carried out for 12 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain the PU-wormwood essential oil spinning solution. And during spinning, respectively filling the PU-wormwood essential oil spinning solution into injectors of two injection pumps for spinning. Then parameters are adjusted, the spinning nozzles are positioned 200mm above the vortex liquid level and point to the vortex center at 45 degrees with the vortex liquid level, and the two spinning nozzles are positioned on the diameter of the circular vortex and are 350mm apart. The two injectors respectively have the speed of 0.8ml/h to convey the PU-wormwood essential oil spinning solution to the spinning nozzles, the two spinning nozzles apply the +12Kv electrostatic voltage, the jet flow is sprayed under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the nano fiber is stretched and refined to fly to the liquid level vortex, and the nano fiber is converged, twisted and wound on the guide yarn along with the rotation of the vortex. And guiding the yarn to move upwards to drive the nanofiber yarn in the vortex to leave the water surface, drying and shaping the nanofiber yarn, and then winding the nanofiber yarn on a bobbin, wherein the drying and shaping temperature is 90 ℃, the yarn winding speed is 600mm/s, and the yarn reciprocating speed is 30 mm/s.
Example 5
Before spinning, 0.2g of polyamide (PA6) and 0.1g of wormwood essential oil are dissolved in 0.7g of formic acid solvent, and the mixture is magnetically stirred for 12 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain PA 6-wormwood essential oil spinning solution. During spinning, the PA 6-wormwood essential oil spinning solution is respectively filled into the injectors of the two injection pumps for spinning. Then parameters are adjusted, the spinning nozzles are positioned 200mm above the vortex liquid level and point to the vortex center at 45 degrees with the vortex liquid level, and the two spinning nozzles are positioned on the diameter of the circular vortex and are 450mm apart. The two injectors have the speed of 1.0ml/h and deliver PA 6-wormwood essential oil spinning solution to the spinning nozzles, the two spinning nozzles respectively apply +12Kv and-12 Kv electrostatic voltage, the spinning nozzles jet out under the action of a high-voltage electric field, stretch and refine the spinning nozzles into nano fibers which fly to the liquid level vortex, and the nano fibers are converged, twisted and wound on a yarn guide along with the rotation of the vortex. And guiding the yarn to move upwards to drive the nanofiber yarn in the vortex to leave the water surface, drying and shaping the nanofiber yarn, and then winding the nanofiber yarn on a bobbin, wherein the drying and shaping temperature is 90 ℃, the yarn winding speed is 400mm/s, and the yarn reciprocating speed is 25 mm/s.
Example 6
Before spinning, 0.24g of Silk Fibroin (SF) and 0.12g of wormwood essential oil are dissolved in 20.4g of Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) solvent, and magnetic stirring is carried out for 12 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain SF-wormwood essential oil spinning solution. During spinning, the SF-wormwood essential oil spinning solution is respectively filled into the injectors of the two injection pumps for spinning. Then parameters are adjusted, the spinning nozzles are positioned at the position 100mm below the selected bell mouth, 45 degrees are formed between the spinning nozzles and the plane of the bell mouth, the spinning nozzles point to the center of the bell mouth, and the distance between the two spinning nozzles is 150 mm. The two injectors respectively have the speed of 1.0ml/h to convey SF-wormwood essential oil spinning solution to the spinning nozzles, the two spinning nozzles respectively apply +14Kv and-14 Kv electrostatic voltage, the spinning nozzles jet out under the action of a high-voltage electric field, stretch and refine the spinning nozzles into nanofibers, the nanofibers fly to the rotating bell mouths to collect, twist and wind the nanofibers on core yarns, the core yarns run downwards to drive the nanofiber yarns below the bell mouths to wind on yarn tubes, the yarn winding speed is 150mm/s, and the yarn reciprocating speed is 100 mm/s.
Preparation of third set of example color-changing nanofibers and yarns
Example 7
Before spinning, 0.16g of polyurethane (PU with the molecular weight of 60000g/mol) is dissolved in a mixed solvent consisting of 9.2g of Dimethylformamide (DMF) and 9.2g of Tetrahydrofuran (THF), then 0.064g of temperature-sensitive pigment is added, and magnetic stirring is carried out for 12 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain the PU-temperature-sensitive pigment spinning solution. During spinning, the PU-temperature sensitive pigment spinning solution is respectively filled into the injectors of the two injection pumps for spinning. Then parameters are adjusted, the spinning nozzles are positioned 200mm above the vortex liquid level and point to the vortex center at 45 degrees with the vortex liquid level, and the two spinning nozzles are positioned on the diameter of the circular vortex and are 350mm apart. The two injectors respectively supply PU-temperature sensitive pigment spinning solution to the spinning nozzles at the speed of 0.8ml/h, the two spinning nozzles apply +12Kv electrostatic voltage, jet flow is sprayed under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the jet flow is stretched and refined into nanofiber flying to the liquid surface vortex, and the nanofiber is converged, twisted and wound on a yarn guide along with the rotation of the vortex. And guiding the yarn to move upwards to drive the nanofiber yarn in the vortex to leave the water surface, drying and shaping the nanofiber yarn, and then winding the nanofiber yarn on a bobbin, wherein the drying and shaping temperature is 90 ℃, the yarn winding speed is 600mm/s, and the yarn reciprocating speed is 30 mm/s.
Example 8
Before spinning, 0.16g of polyamide (PA6) is dissolved in 0.64g of formic acid solvent, magnetically stirred for 6 hours at 40 ℃, then 0.08g of photosensitive pigment is added, and magnetically stirred for 5 hours to obtain PA 6-photosensitive pigment spinning solution. During spinning, PA 6-photosensitive pigment spinning solution is respectively filled into the injectors of two injection pumps for spinning. Then parameters are adjusted, the spinning nozzles are positioned 200mm above the vortex liquid level and point to the vortex center at 45 degrees with the vortex liquid level, and the two spinning nozzles are positioned on the diameter of the circular vortex and are 450mm apart. The two injectors have the speed of 1.0ml/h and deliver PA 6-photosensitive pigment spinning solution to the spinneret, the spinneret applies +12Kv and-12 Kv electrostatic voltage respectively, the jet flow is sprayed under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the jet flow is stretched and refined into nanofiber flying to the liquid surface vortex, and the nanofiber is converged, twisted and wound on the yarn guide along with the rotation of the vortex. And guiding the yarn to move upwards to drive the nanofiber yarn in the vortex to leave the water surface, drying and shaping the nanofiber yarn, and then winding the nanofiber yarn on a bobbin, wherein the drying and shaping temperature is 90 ℃, the yarn winding speed is 400mm/s, and the yarn reciprocating speed is 25 mm/s.
Example 9
Before spinning, 0.2g of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is dissolved in a mixed solvent of 8ml of trifluoroacetic acid and 2ml of dichloromethane, magnetic stirring is carried out for 12 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃, and then noctilucent powder is added for magnetic stirring for 5 hours to obtain the PET-noctilucent powder spinning solution. During spinning, the PET-luminous powder spinning solution is respectively filled into injectors in two injection pumps for spinning. Then parameters are adjusted, the spinning nozzles are positioned at the position 100mm below the selected bell mouth, 45 degrees are formed between the spinning nozzles and the plane of the bell mouth, the spinning nozzles point to the center of the bell mouth, and the distance between the two spinning nozzles is 150 mm. The two injectors respectively have the speed of 1.0ml/h to convey the PET-luminous powder spinning solution to the spinning nozzles, the two spinning nozzles respectively apply +12Kv and-12 Kv electrostatic voltage, the jet flow is sprayed out under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the jet flow is stretched and refined into nano fibers, the nano fibers fly to the rotating bell mouths to be collected, twisted and wound on core yarns, the core yarns downwards run to drive the nano fiber yarns below the bell mouths to be wound on yarn tubes, the yarn winding speed is 200mm/s, and the yarn reciprocating speed is 80 mm/s.
Claims (8)
1. A method of making a functional yarn, comprising the steps of:
a. preparing an electrostatic spinning solution: selecting a polymer, a solvent and functional components, and preparing a spinning solution, wherein the polymer is a fiber-forming high polymer;
b. electrostatic spinning of nanofibers: the injection pump pushes the solution in the injector to form liquid drops at the spinneret according to a proper speed, and the liquid drops are ejected in a jet flow under the action of a proper electrostatic field force and are stretched and refined to prepare the fiber nano-fibers;
c. twisting the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber: for the nanometer fiber which is not dissolved in water, the relative position of the spinning nozzle and the vortex liquid level is adjusted, so that the nanometer fiber sprayed by the spinning nozzle is deposited on the vortex liquid level according to a certain direction and distance to be collected and twisted in a rotating way; for the nano-fiber dissolved in water, adjusting the direction of a spinning nozzle to ensure that the sprayed nano-fiber is gathered and twisted on a rotary bell mouth for one section;
d. drafting and winding the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber into yarn: and starting the winding device to enable the twisted nanofiber aggregate to leave the twisting zone at a proper speed, pass through the heating and shaping zone and the yarn reciprocating zone in sequence and then be wound on a bobbin.
2. The method for preparing a functional yarn according to claim 1, wherein the polymer is selected from one or more of polyurethane, polyamide, polylactic-co-glycolic acid, fibroin, gelatin, collagen; the solvent is selected from one or more of distilled water, formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, dichloromethane, hexafluoroisopropanol ethanol, dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran.
3. The method for preparing a functional yarn according to claim 1, wherein the functional component is mint essential oil, the concentration of the polymer spinning solution is 0.12g/ml-0.20g/ml, and the content of the mint essential oil is 30-55% of the polymer mass.
4. The method for preparing a functional yarn according to claim 1, wherein the functional component is wormwood essential oil, the concentration of the polymer spinning solution is 0.12g/ml-0.20g/ml, and the content of wormwood essential oil accounts for 30-55% of the polymer.
5. The method for preparing functional yarn according to claim 1, wherein the functional component is temperature sensitive pigment, photosensitive pigment or noctilucent powder, the concentration of the polymer spinning solution is 0.12g/ml-0.20g/ml, and the content of the functional component accounts for 25-55% of the polymer mass.
6. The method for preparing functional yarn according to claim 1, wherein in the step b, the electrostatic spinning voltage is 10-20kV, the propulsion pump speed is 0.8-2.5ml/h, and the receiving distance is 10-25 cm.
7. The method for preparing functional yarn according to claim 1, wherein the speed of rotary twisting in step c is 200-800 rpm.
8. The method for preparing functional yarn according to claim 1, wherein in the step d, the heat setting temperature is 80-130 ℃, the setting time is 1-3min, and the winding speed is 1-40 m/min.
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