CN113953555B

CN113953555B - Gear bilateral drilling machine and gear bilateral drilling method

Info

Publication number: CN113953555B
Application number: CN202111339400.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹奇耀; 王祖海
Original assignee: Jiaxing Rongshuo Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiaxing Rongshuo Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-12
Filing date: 2021-11-12
Publication date: 2022-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-12
Also published as: CN113953555A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear bilateral drilling machine and a gear bilateral drilling method. The invention adopts a bilateral opposite processing mode to simultaneously process the radial holes of the gear, thereby improving the processing efficiency and the processing precision and reducing the processing cost.

Description

Gear bilateral drilling machine and gear bilateral drilling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of gear machining, in particular to a gear bilateral drilling machine and a gear bilateral drilling method.

Background

In the existing process of machining the radial hole of the gear, particularly in the process of drilling the radial side hole of the large-diameter gear, gantry boring and milling machining equipment is generally adopted for machining, the hoisting and clamping processes are complex, and the clamping process of a workpiece is complex. The clamping position needs to be debugged repeatedly in the clamping process, and the gear is large in size, so that the centering work of the gear is difficult in the hoisting process, the machining precision cannot be improved, and the production efficiency is low. And the clamping device in the existing gear machining process has higher requirement on the diameter of the machined gear, the size range of the machinable gear is small, and the machining adaptability is lower. In the process of machining the radial hole of the existing large-diameter gear, the cost of a cutter is very high, the cutter is easy to deform due to the fact that the machining specification of the gear is large, the cutter is easy to deform due to long-distance machining, the machining precision is low, and the machining requirement cannot be met

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a gear double-side drilling machine and a gear double-side drilling method.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the gear bilateral drilling machine comprises a drilling machine foundation, an X-axis assembling group, a workpiece positioning and clamping device, a workpiece supporting and assembling group, a Z-axis assembling group and a workpiece processing device;

the X-axis assembly group is positioned in the middle of the foundation of the drilling machine and provides a movement direction and a movement driving force for the X-axis direction of the workpiece processing device;

the workpiece positioning and clamping device is arranged in the middle of the X-axis assembly group and is used for clamping a machining part of the gear to be machined and clamping and fixing the machining part;

the workpiece supporting assembly groups are distributed on the foundation of the drilling machine and positioned on the front side and the rear side of the X-axis assembly group, and support other parts of the gear to be machined to enable the gear to be in a horizontal state, so that when the machining tool machines the gear, the feeding direction of the tool is parallel to and consistent with the radial direction of the gear;

the Z-axis assembling group is positioned on the X-axis assembling group and provides a movement direction and a movement driving force for the Z-axis direction of the workpiece processing device;

the workpiece processing devices are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the workpiece positioning and clamping device, and the gears to be processed are processed in the symmetrical direction from the left side and the right side of the workpiece positioning and clamping device.

Preferably, a central position is arranged in the X-axis assembling group, the workpiece positioning and clamping device is arranged on the central position in the X-axis assembling group, a group of X-axis tracks are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the central position, the two groups of X-axis tracks are positioned on the left side and the right side of the workpiece positioning and clamping device, are mutually symmetrical and mutually aligned, and the workpiece processing device comprises a main shaft mounting part capable of lifting and sliding along the Z-axis track and a cutter arranged on the main shaft mounting part; the X-axis assembly group and the Z-axis assembly group drive the main shaft installation part to drive the cutter to move and lift along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction through the transmission connection relation; the workpiece positioning and clamping device comprises a clamping device base, a lifting clamping device and a supporting device, wherein the clamping device base is arranged at the central position, the lifting clamping device positions the gear in the vertical direction and clamps and fixes the gear, the supporting device supports against the inner ring of the gear in the horizontal direction, drives the outer ring of the gear to support against the lifting clamping device, and the lifting clamping device is matched to position the gear in the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the lifting clamping device and the abutting device are arranged oppositely, the gear to be machined is clamped between the lifting clamping device and the abutting device, and the lifting clamping device and the abutting device are arranged on the clamping device base in a sliding mode along the X-axis direction respectively, so that the gear to be machined is clamped and loosened; the clamping device comprises a clamping device base, a lifting clamping device sliding table, a supporting device sliding table, a sliding rail mounting seat, a first sliding rail and a second sliding rail, wherein the lifting clamping device sliding table and the supporting device sliding table are arranged on the clamping device base; a first oil cylinder is arranged below the lifting clamping device sliding table, the cylinder body of the first oil cylinder is fixed on the clamping device base, the oil cylinder shaft output end of the first oil cylinder is connected with the lifting clamping device sliding table, and the telescopic driving of the oil cylinder shaft drives the lifting clamping device sliding table to slide along a first sliding rail; the support and lean on the both sides of device slip table to be provided with the second hydro-cylinder, the cylinder body of this second hydro-cylinder is fixed in the slide rail mount pad on, the hydro-cylinder axle output of second hydro-cylinder with support and lean on device slip table about both ends fixed connection, the flexible drive of hydro-cylinder axle support lean on device slip table slide along the second slide rail.

Preferably, a braking slide rail is further arranged below the lifting clamping device sliding table, the braking slide rail is connected with the lifting clamping device sliding table and the clamping device base, and a braking device is arranged on the braking slide rail; the lifting clamping device comprises an upright post, a lower supporting seat and an upper compression column, wherein the upright post is a C-shaped post, the lower supporting seat and the upper compression column are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the upright post, and a gear to be processed is arranged on the lower supporting seat and is pressed and fixed by the upper compression column; the upper compression leg is driven to lift by an upper oil cylinder fixed at the top end of the upright column, and the lower support seat is driven to lift by a lower oil cylinder.

As further preferred, the workpiece support assembly group include a workpiece front support assembly group and a workpiece rear support assembly group, the workpiece rear support assembly group is at least two groups, and is respectively arranged on two sides of the X-axis rail far away from one end of the central position and used for supporting the part of the gear far away from the machining position, the workpiece front support assembly group is at least two groups and is respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the workpiece positioning and clamping device and used for supporting the front end and the rear end of the gear at the machining position.

Preferably, the workpiece front supporting assembly group comprises a workpiece front supporting base, a workpiece front supporting roller and a front abutting device, the workpiece front supporting roller is arranged on the workpiece front supporting base and is positioned below a gear to be machined, the front supporting roller is driven by a front supporting roller driving motor to rotate so as to drive the gear workpiece to rotate, and the front abutting device abuts against an outer ring of the gear; an encoder is arranged beside the front abutting device, and the encoder is provided with a movement driving device for driving the encoder to be close to or far away from the outer ring of the gear.

Still further preferably, the workpiece rear supporting and assembling group comprises a workpiece rear supporting sliding seat, a workpiece rear supporting roller and a rear abutting device, the workpiece rear supporting roller is arranged on the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat and is arranged below a gear to be machined, the rear supporting roller is arranged on the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat and is driven by a rear supporting roller driving motor to rotate so as to drive the gear workpiece to rotate, and the rear abutting device abuts against an outer ring of the gear; the rear supporting sliding seat is connected with the rear supporting lead screw, the bottom of the rear supporting sliding seat of the workpiece can slide along the rear supporting sliding rail through a sliding block, the rear supporting lead screw is driven to rotate by a rear supporting roller driving motor, so that the rear supporting sliding seat of the workpiece is driven to move along the rear supporting sliding rail to be close to or far away from the outer ring of the gear, and the rear supporting roller driving motor is connected with the rear supporting lead screw through an overrunning clutch.

Preferably, a tool magazine is arranged beside the X-axis track. And a chip output device is arranged below the X-axis assembly group, the chip output device is in a conveyor belt form and outputs the chips after drilling processing from the lower part of the X-axis assembly group, and the left end of the foundation of the drilling machine is provided with a chip recovery part.

A gear double-side drilling method comprises the following steps:

A. in the initial state of clamping, the position of the workpiece processing device is far away from the central position; in the workpiece positioning and clamping device, the abutting device sliding table and the lifting clamping device sliding table are respectively retreated towards the left side and the right side, and an upper oil cylinder and a lower oil cylinder in the lifting clamping device are both in a retraction state;

B. hoisting the position of the gear to be machined to be between a lifting clamping device and an abutting device in a workpiece positioning and clamping device, wherein the central shaft of the gear is arranged in the vertical direction during clamping, the diameter direction of the gear is arranged along the horizontal direction, and the part of the gear to be machined is placed between the lifting clamping device and the abutting device and is positioned on a sliding table of the abutting device; the center of the gear is positioned on the X axis; the other parts of the gear are respectively positioned on the workpiece front supporting roller in the workpiece front supporting assembly group and the workpiece rear supporting roller in the workpiece rear supporting assembly group;

C. in the workpiece positioning and clamping device, the abutting device sliding table moves towards the lifting clamping device; after the lifting clamping device moves in place, the sliding table of the lifting clamping device moves towards the abutting device, when the position of the lower supporting seat moves to the position below the gear, the braking device on the braking sliding rail brakes, the abutting device abuts against the inner ring of the gear, and the outer ring of the gear abuts against the C-shaped column; the lower oil cylinder extends out, the lower support seat rises, the upper oil cylinder is started, the upper pressure column descends, and the gear is pressed tightly, so that the gear is firmly fixed in the machining process;

D. the rear supporting roller driving motor drives the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat to slide towards the X-axis track direction, the workpiece rear supporting roller bears the gear, and a rear abutting device on the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat abuts against the gear;

E. the tool magazine is provided with an automatic tool changing device to change tools required by machining to a main shaft mounting part in a workpiece machining device, an X-axis servo motor and a Z-axis servo motor respectively drive the tools to move along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction during machining, the tools are positioned between two lifting clamping devices, and the radial side holes of the gears are drilled;

F. after the machining is finished, the upper oil cylinder and the lower oil cylinder are reset, the brake device is released, and the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder are reset, so that the gear can be disassembled; or rotating the gear to change to the next processing position;

G. when the gear is required to rotate, the front supporting roller driving motor and the rear supporting roller driving motor respectively drive the workpiece front supporting roller and the workpiece rear supporting roller to rotate, so that the gear is driven to rotate to the next position to be processed;

H. and repeating the C-G steps to realize the machining of drilling, tapping and the like on different radial positions of the gear.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the mode of oppositely arranging the cutters can shorten a half of processing paths in the original processing process, avoid the problems of cutter deformation and low processing precision in the original processing process, greatly reduce the production cost and improve the processing efficiency.

2. The problem that a machining clamp for fast clamping is lacked in the machining process of an original large-diameter gear is effectively solved. And the device requires the scope great to the gear diameter of processing at the clamping in-process, can process the gear of different diameters of different thickness, and is wider for current processing scope. The action of gear clamping is simple, can realize automatic centering, has avoided the frequent clamping debugging of clamping in-process before original processing, to centering difficulty scheduling problem, has improved machining precision and machining efficiency.

3. The invention can realize that a plurality of radial holes of the gear are processed for a plurality of times after the gear to be processed is hoisted for one time, thereby avoiding frequent hoisting.

4. The invention is provided with a tool magazine, can realize processing modes such as punching, drilling, tapping and the like on the radial shaft of the gear, and can also realize unidirectional and bidirectional processing on the radial shaft of the gear.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the X-axis assembly set of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the Z-axis assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the workpiece processing apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the workpiece positioning and clamping apparatus of the present invention, as viewed from the lifting and clamping apparatus side.

Fig. 7 is a front view of the work positioning-clamping device of the present invention as viewed from the side of the abutting device.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the workpiece positioning and clamping device of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view a-a of the workpiece positioning and clamping apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the use state of the work positioning and clamping device of the present invention in cooperation with a gear to be machined.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the workpiece rear support assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the workpiece front support assembly of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1: a gear; 2: a tool magazine; 3: a workpiece processing device; 4: assembling a Z-axis assembly group; 5: a workpiece positioning and clamping device; 6: the front part of the workpiece supports the assembly group; 7: assembling the X-axis; 8: drilling machine foundation; 9: a chip output device; 10: a chip recovery part; 11: the rear part of the workpiece supports the assembly group; 12: a central position; 13: a slider; 14: an X-axis slide rail; 15: an X-axis lead screw; 16: a Z-axis servo motor; 17: a Z-axis lead screw; 18: a Z-axis slide rail (18); 19: a Z-axis seat; 20: a spindle drive motor; 21: connecting blocks; 22: a cutter; 23: a lifting clamping device; 24: lifting the sliding table of the clamping device; 25: braking the slide rail; 26: a braking device; 27: a second cylinder; 28: a first cylinder; 29: 30: a propping device sliding table; 31: a second slide rail; 32: a first slide rail; 33: a clamping device base; 34: a slide rail mounting seat; 35: pressing the column upwards; 36: a column; 37: a lower support seat; 38: feeding an oil cylinder; 39: a lower oil cylinder; 40: the rear part supports the roller driving motor; 41: the rear part supports the screw rod; 42: supporting rollers at the rear part of the workpiece; 43: the rear part of the workpiece supports a sliding seat; 44: the rear part supports the slide rail; 45: an overrunning clutch; 46: a synchronous belt; 47: the front part of the workpiece supports the roller; 48: a rear abutment device; 49: a front abutment device; 50: an encoder; 51: a movement driving device; 52: the workpiece front supports the base.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1-12, the present invention comprises a drilling machine foundation 8, an X-axis assembly group 7, a workpiece positioning and clamping device 5, a workpiece supporting and assembly group, a Z-axis assembly group 4 and a workpiece processing device 3;

the X-axis assembling group 7 is positioned in the middle of the drilling machine foundation 8, and the X-axis assembling group 7 provides a movement direction and a movement driving force for the X-axis direction of the workpiece processing device 3;

the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5 is arranged in the middle of the X-axis assembly group 7 and used for clamping a machining part of the gear 1 to be machined and clamping and fixing the machining part;

the workpiece supporting assembly groups are distributed on the drilling machine foundation 8 and located on the front side and the rear side of the X-axis assembly group 7, other parts of the gear 1 to be machined are supported, the gear 1 is in a horizontal state, and when the machining tool 22 machines the gear 1, the feeding direction of the tool 22 is parallel to and consistent with the radial direction of the gear 1;

the Z-axis assembling group 4 is positioned on the X-axis assembling group 7, and the Z-axis assembling group 4 provides a movement direction and a movement driving force for the Z-axis direction of the workpiece processing device 3;

the workpiece processing devices 3 are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5, and the gear 1 to be processed is processed in the symmetrical direction from the left side and the right side of the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5.

As shown in fig. 3-5, in this embodiment, a center position 12 is disposed in the X-axis assembling group 7, the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5 is disposed on the center position 12 in the X-axis assembling group 7, a set of X-axis rails is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the center position 12, the two sets of X-axis rails are disposed on each of the left and right sides of the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5, and are symmetrical to each other and aligned with each other, and the workpiece processing device 3 includes a main shaft mounting part capable of sliding up and down along the Z-axis rail and a tool 22 disposed on the main shaft mounting part; the X-axis assembly group 7 and the Z-axis assembly group 4 drive the main shaft installation part to drive the cutter 22 to move and lift along the X-axis and Z-axis directions through the transmission connection relationship; the transmission connection relation is the existing mechanical transmission connection relation, and the mode that a lead screw is combined with a slide rail is preferred. An X-axis lead screw 15 and an X-axis slide rail 14 are respectively arranged in each group of X-axis tracks; the Z-axis assembling group 4 comprises a Z-axis seat 19 capable of sliding along the X-axis track and Z-axis tracks arranged on the Z-axis seat 19, and each Z-axis track is provided with a Z-axis lead screw 17 and a Z-axis slide rail 18 respectively; the bottom of the Z-axis seat 19 is connected with the X-axis lead screw 15, the bottom of the Z-axis seat 19 can slide along the X-axis slide rail 14 through a slide block 13, and an X-axis servo motor (not shown) located at the outer end of the X-axis lead screw 15 drives the X-axis lead screw 15 to rotate, so that the Z-axis seat 19 is driven to approach or leave the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5 along the X-axis slide rail 14; the connecting block 21 on the main shaft mounting part is connected with the Z-axis screw rod 17, the main shaft mounting part can slide along the Z-axis slide rail 18 through the slide block 13, and the Z-axis servo motor 16 drives the Z-axis screw rod 17 to rotate, so that the main shaft mounting part is driven to lift along the Z-axis slide rail 18; the spindle driving motor 20 drives the spindle to drive the cutter 22 to rotate, so as to realize the processing action of the cutter 22.

As shown in fig. 6-10, the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5 includes a clamping device base 33, a lifting clamping device 23, and an abutting device 29, the clamping device base 33 is disposed at the central position 12, the lifting clamping device 23 positions the gear 1 in the vertical direction to clamp and fix the gear 1, the abutting device 29 abuts against an inner ring of the gear 1 in the horizontal direction, and drives an outer ring of the gear 1 to abut against the lifting clamping device 23 to position the gear 1 in the horizontal direction in cooperation with the lifting clamping device 23.

In this embodiment, the lifting and clamping device 23 and the abutting device 29 are oppositely arranged, the gear 1 to be machined is clamped between the lifting and clamping device 23 and the abutting device 29, and the lifting and clamping device 23 and the abutting device 29 are respectively arranged on the clamping device base 33 in a slidable manner along the X-axis direction, so as to clamp and loosen the gear 1 to be machined; the lifting clamping device sliding table 24 and the abutting device sliding table 30 are arranged on the clamping device base 33, two ends of the clamping device base 33 are respectively provided with a sliding rail mounting seat 34 in parallel, a first sliding rail 32 and a second sliding rail 31 are respectively arranged on the sliding rail mounting seats 34 in parallel, the lifting clamping device sliding table 24 slides on the first sliding rail 32 through the arranged sliding block 13, and the abutting device sliding table 30 slides on the second sliding rail 31 through the arranged sliding block 13; a first oil cylinder 28 is arranged below the lifting clamping device sliding table 24, the cylinder body of the first oil cylinder 28 is fixed on the clamping device base 33, the oil cylinder shaft output end of the first oil cylinder 28 is connected with the lifting clamping device sliding table 24, and the telescopic action of the oil cylinder shaft drives the lifting clamping device sliding table 24 to slide along a first slide rail 32; the both sides that lean on device slip table 30 be provided with second hydro-cylinder 27, the cylinder body of this second hydro-cylinder 27 is fixed in slide rail mount pad 34 on, the hydro-cylinder axle output of second hydro-cylinder 27 with the both ends fixed connection about leaning on device slip table 30, the flexible drive of hydro-cylinder axle lean on device slip table 30 slide along second slide rail 31.

In this embodiment, a brake slide rail 25 is further disposed below the lifting and clamping device sliding table 24, the brake slide rail 25 is connected to the lifting and clamping device sliding table and the clamping device base 33, and a brake device 26 is disposed on the brake slide rail 25; the lifting clamping device 23 comprises an upright post 36, a lower supporting seat 37 and an upper compression leg 35, the upright post 36 is a C-shaped post, the lower supporting seat 37 and the upper compression leg 35 are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the upright post 36, and the gear 1 to be processed is arranged on the lower supporting seat 37 and is pressed and fixed by the upper compression leg 35; the upper compression leg 35 is driven to lift by an upper cylinder 38 fixed at the top end of the upright post 36, and the lower support seat 37 is driven to lift by a lower cylinder 39.

In this embodiment, the workpiece support assembly group include workpiece front support assembly group 6 and workpiece rear support assembly group 11, workpiece rear support assembly group 11 be two sets of at least, locate the both sides that central point 12 one end was kept away from to the X axle track respectively for support gear 1 goes up the part of keeping away from the processing position, workpiece front support assembly group 6 be two sets of at least, locate respectively workpiece positioning clamping device 5 around both sides for support gear 1 is last to be located the front and back both ends of processing position.

As shown in fig. 11, in this embodiment, the workpiece front supporting assembly group 6 includes a workpiece front supporting base 52, a workpiece front supporting roller 47 and a front abutting device 49, the workpiece front supporting roller 47 is disposed on the workpiece front supporting base 52 and is located below the gear 1 to be processed, the workpiece front supporting roller 47 is driven by a front supporting roller driving motor to rotate so as to drive the gear 1 to rotate, the transmission form is preferably a synchronous belt 46 transmission, and the front abutting device 49 abuts against an outer ring of the gear 1; an encoder 50 is arranged beside the front abutting device 49, the encoder 50 is provided with a movement driving device 51 for driving the encoder 50 to approach to the outer ring of the gear 1 or depart from the outer ring of the gear 1, and the movement driving device 51 can be any one of the existing mechanical driving devices, such as a mechanical structure, an electric push rod type and a cylinder type, as long as the encoder 50 can be driven to displace to approach to or depart from the outer ring of the gear 1. The device comprises a controller, wherein the controller is connected with each driving motor and a magnetic switch arranged on an oil cylinder to control the action of each driving motor and the oil cylinder, and the encoder 50 feeds back the collected information of the rotation angle of the gear 1 to the controller, so that closed-loop control is realized. The control mode is a closed-loop control method commonly used in the prior art.

As shown in fig. 12, in this embodiment, the workpiece rear supporting assembly 11 includes a workpiece rear supporting sliding seat 43, a workpiece rear supporting roller 42 disposed on the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat 43, and a rear abutting device 48, the workpiece rear supporting roller 42 is disposed on the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat 43 and below the gear 1 to be processed, the rear supporting roller driving motor 40 drives the workpiece rear supporting roller 42 to rotate so as to drive the gear 1 to rotate, the transmission form is preferably a synchronous belt 46 transmission, and the rear abutting device 48 abuts against the outer ring of the gear 1; a rear supporting track for driving the rear supporting sliding seat 43 to be close to or far away from the outer ring of the gear 1 to be processed is arranged below the rear supporting sliding seat 43, the rear supporting track comprises a rear supporting sliding rail 44 and a rear supporting screw rod 41, the rear supporting sliding seat 43 of the workpiece is connected with the rear supporting screw rod 41, the bottom of the rear supporting sliding seat 43 of the workpiece can slide along the rear supporting sliding rail 44 through a sliding block 13, the rear supporting screw rod 41 is driven to rotate by a rear supporting roller driving motor 40, so that the rear supporting sliding seat 43 of the workpiece is driven to be close to or far away from the outer ring of the gear 1 along the rear supporting sliding rail 44, and the rear supporting roller driving motor is connected with the rear supporting screw rod 41 through an overrunning clutch 45.

In this embodiment, orbital side of X axle be equipped with cutter storehouse 2, this cutter storehouse 2 is from taking automatic tool changer, realizes automatic loading and unloading and the change of processing with the sword, this cutter storehouse 2 and automatic tool changer are prior art in the prior art field, do not describe here any more. A chip output device 9 is arranged below the X-axis assembly group 7, the chip output device 9 is in a conveyor belt form and outputs the chips after drilling processing from the lower part of the X-axis assembly group 7, and a chip recovery part 10 is arranged at the left end of the drilling machine foundation 8.

A gear double-side drilling method comprises the following steps:

A. in the initial state of clamping, the position of the workpiece processing device 3 is far away from the central position 12; in the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5, the abutting device sliding table 30 and the lifting clamping device sliding table 24 are respectively retreated towards the left side and the right side, and the upper oil cylinder 38 and the lower oil cylinder 39 in the lifting clamping device 23 are both in a retraction state;

B. hoisting the position of the gear 1 to be machined, which needs to be machined, to a position between the lifting clamping device 23 and the abutting device 29 in the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5, wherein during clamping, the central shaft of the gear 1 is arranged in the vertical direction, the diameter direction of the gear 1 is arranged along the horizontal direction, and the part of the gear 1, which needs to be machined, is placed between the lifting clamping device 23 and the abutting device 29 and is positioned on the abutting device sliding table 30; the center of the gear 1 is positioned on the X axis; the other parts of the gear 1 are respectively positioned on the workpiece front supporting roller 47 in the workpiece front supporting assembly group 6 and the workpiece rear supporting roller 42 in the workpiece rear supporting assembly group 11;

C. in the workpiece positioning and clamping device 5, the second oil cylinder 27 retracts, and the abutting device sliding table 30 moves towards the lifting clamping device 23; after the lifting clamping device is moved to the right position, the first oil cylinder 28 retracts, the lifting clamping device sliding table 24 moves towards the abutting device 29, when the position of the lower supporting seat 37 moves to the position below the gear 1, the braking device 26 on the braking sliding rail 25 brakes, the lifting clamping device sliding table 24 is prevented from sliding, and the positioning is ensured to be fixed. The abutting device 29 abuts against the inner ring of the gear 1, and the outer ring of the gear 1 abuts against the C-shaped column; the lower oil cylinder 39 extends out, the lower support seat 37 rises, the upper oil cylinder 38 is started, the upper pressure column 35 descends, and the gear 1 is pressed tightly to ensure that the gear is firmly fixed in the machining process; because the pressure difference exists between the upper oil cylinder 38 and the lower oil cylinder 39, the pressure of the upper oil cylinder 38 is greater than that of the lower oil cylinder 39, the upper oil cylinder 38 drives the upper pressure column 35 to press the gear 1 on the lower supporting seat 37, the gear 1 can be firmly fixed, and the radial hole of the gear 1 can be machined without any movement in the machining process.

D. The rear supporting roller driving motor 40 drives the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat 43 to slide towards the X-axis track direction, the workpiece rear supporting roller 42 bears the gear 1, the rear abutting device 48 on the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat 43 abuts against the gear 1, and the rear supporting roller driving motor 40 is connected with the rear supporting screw rod 41 through the overrunning clutch 45, so that the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat 43 cannot slide towards the X-axis sliding rail 14 direction any more after the rear abutting device 48 abuts against tightly;

E. the tool magazine 2 is provided with an automatic tool changer to replace a tool 22 required by machining to a main shaft mounting part in the workpiece machining device 3, an X-axis servo motor and a Z-axis servo motor 16 are used for driving the tool 22 to move along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction respectively during machining, the position of the tool 22 is located between two lifting clamping devices 23, and the radial side hole of the gear 1 is drilled;

F. after the machining is finished, the upper oil cylinder 38 and the lower oil cylinder 39 are reset, the brake device 26 is released, and the first oil cylinder 28 and the second oil cylinder 27 are reset, so that the gear 1 can be disassembled; or the gear 1 is rotated and is replaced to the next processing position;

G. when the gear 1 needs to rotate, the front supporting roller driving motor and the rear supporting roller driving motor 40 respectively drive the workpiece front supporting roller 47 and the workpiece rear supporting roller 42 to rotate, so that the gear 1 is driven to rotate to the next position to be machined;

H. and the C-G steps are repeated, so that the machining such as drilling, tapping and the like on different radial positions of the gear 1 can be realized.

Claims

1. A gear bilateral drilling machine is characterized by comprising a drilling machine foundation (8), an X-axis assembling group (7), a workpiece positioning and clamping device (5), a workpiece supporting and assembling group, a Z-axis assembling group (4) and a workpiece processing device (3);

the X-axis assembling group (7) is positioned in the middle of the drilling machine foundation (8), and the X-axis assembling group (7) provides a moving direction and a moving driving force for the X-axis direction of the workpiece processing device (3);

the workpiece positioning and clamping device (5) is arranged in the middle of the X-axis assembly group (7) and is used for clamping a machining part of the gear (1) to be machined and clamping and fixing the machining part;

the workpiece supporting and assembling groups are distributed on the foundation of the drilling machine and positioned on the front side and the rear side of the X-axis assembling group (7), other parts of the gear (1) to be machined are supported, the gear (1) is in a horizontal state, and when the machining cutter (22) machines the gear (1), the feeding direction of the cutter (22) is parallel and consistent with the radial direction of the gear (1);

the Z-axis assembling group (4) is positioned on the X-axis assembling group (7), and the Z-axis assembling group (4) provides a movement direction and a moving driving force for the Z-axis direction of the workpiece processing device (3);

the workpiece processing devices (3) are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the workpiece positioning and clamping device (5), and the gear (1) to be processed is processed in the symmetrical direction from the left side and the right side of the workpiece positioning and clamping device (5);

a central position (12) is arranged in the X-axis assembly group (7), the workpiece positioning and clamping devices (5) are arranged on the central position (12) in the X-axis assembly group (7), a group of X-axis tracks are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the central position (12), the two groups of X-axis tracks are positioned on the left side and the right side of the workpiece positioning and clamping devices (5), are mutually symmetrical and mutually aligned, and the workpiece processing device (3) comprises a main shaft mounting part capable of lifting and sliding along the Z-axis track and a cutter (22) arranged on the main shaft mounting part; the X-axis assembly group (7) and the Z-axis assembly group (4) drive the main shaft installation part to drive the cutter (22) to move and lift along the X-axis and Z-axis directions through the transmission connection relation; the workpiece positioning and clamping device (5) comprises a clamping device base (33), a lifting clamping device (23) and a supporting device (29), wherein the clamping device base (33) is arranged at the central position (12), the lifting clamping device (23) positions the gear (1) in the vertical direction to clamp and fix the gear (1), the supporting device (29) supports against an inner ring of the gear (1) in the horizontal direction and drives an outer ring of the gear (1) to support against the lifting clamping device (23), and the lifting clamping device (23) is matched to position the gear (1) in the horizontal direction.

2. The gear double-side drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting clamping device (23) and the abutting device (29) are oppositely arranged, the gear (1) to be machined is clamped between the lifting clamping device (23) and the abutting device (29), and the lifting clamping device (23) and the abutting device (29) are respectively arranged on the clamping device base (33) in a slidable manner along the X-axis direction, so that the gear (1) to be machined is clamped and loosened; the clamping device comprises a clamping device base (33), a lifting clamping device sliding table (24) and an abutting device sliding table (30) are arranged on the clamping device base (33), sliding rail mounting seats (34) are respectively arranged at two ends of the clamping device base (33) in parallel, a first sliding rail (32) and a second sliding rail (31) are respectively arranged on the sliding rail mounting seats (34) in parallel, the lifting clamping device sliding table (24) slides on the first sliding rail (32) through a set sliding block (13), and the abutting device sliding table (30) slides on the second sliding rail (31) through a set sliding block (13); a first oil cylinder (28) is arranged below the lifting clamping device sliding table (24), the cylinder body of the first oil cylinder (28) is fixed on the clamping device base (33), the output end of the oil cylinder shaft of the first oil cylinder (28) is connected with the lifting clamping device sliding table (24), and the telescopic driving of the oil cylinder shaft drives the lifting clamping device sliding table (24) to slide along a first sliding rail (32); support and be provided with second hydro-cylinder (27) to the both sides of device slip table (30), the cylinder body of this second hydro-cylinder (27) is fixed in slide rail mount pad (34) on, the hydro-cylinder axle output of second hydro-cylinder (27) with support and support the left and right sides both ends fixed connection of device slip table (30), the flexible drive of hydro-cylinder axle support and support device slip table (30) and slide along second slide rail (31).

3. The gear double-side drilling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that a brake slide rail (25) is further arranged below the lifting clamping device slide table (24), the brake slide rail (25) is connected with the lifting clamping device slide table (24) and the clamping device base (33), and a brake device (26) is arranged on the brake slide rail (25); the lifting clamping device (23) comprises an upright post (36), a lower supporting seat (37) and an upper pressing post (35), the upright post (36) is a C-shaped post, the lower supporting seat (37) and the upper pressing post (35) are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the upright post (36), and the gear (1) to be processed is arranged on the lower supporting seat (37) and is pressed and fixed by the upper pressing post (35); the upper compression column (35) is driven to lift by an upper oil cylinder (38) fixed at the top end of the upright column (36), and the lower supporting seat (37) is driven to lift by a lower oil cylinder (39).

4. The double-side gear drilling machine according to claim 3, wherein the workpiece supporting assembly groups comprise a workpiece front supporting assembly group (6) and a workpiece rear supporting assembly group (11), at least two workpiece rear supporting assembly groups (11) are respectively arranged on two sides of one end of the X-axis track away from the central position (12) and are used for supporting the part of the gear (1) away from the machining position, at least two workpiece front supporting assembly groups (6) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the workpiece positioning and clamping device (5) and are used for supporting the front end and the rear end of the gear (1) at the machining position.

5. The gear double-side drilling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the workpiece front support assembly group (6) comprises a workpiece front support base (52), a workpiece front support roller (47) and a front abutting device (49), the workpiece front support roller (47) is arranged on the workpiece front support base (52) and is positioned below the gear (1) to be machined, the workpiece front support roller (47) is driven by a front support roller driving motor to rotate so as to drive the gear (1) to rotate, and the front abutting device (49) abuts against the outer ring of the gear (1); an encoder (50) is arranged beside the front abutting device (49), and the encoder (50) is provided with a movement driving device (51) for driving the encoder to be close to the outer ring of the gear (1) or far away from the outer ring of the gear (1).

6. The gear double-side drilling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the workpiece rear support assembly group (11) comprises a workpiece rear support sliding seat (43), a workpiece rear support roller (42) arranged on the workpiece rear support sliding seat (43) and a rear abutting device (48), the workpiece rear support roller (42) is arranged on the workpiece rear support sliding seat (43) and below the gear (1) to be machined, the workpiece rear support roller (42) is driven by a rear support roller driving motor (40) to rotate so as to drive the gear (1) to rotate, and the rear abutting device (48) abuts against the outer ring of the gear (1); a rear supporting track for driving the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat (43) to be close to or far away from the outer ring of the gear (1) to be processed is arranged below the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat, the rear support rail comprises a rear support slide rail (44) and a rear support screw (41), the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat (43) is connected with the rear supporting screw rod (41), the bottom of the rear supporting sliding seat (43) of the workpiece can slide along the rear supporting sliding rail (44) through a sliding block (13), a rear supporting roller driving motor (40) drives a rear supporting screw rod (41) to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat (43) to approach or depart from the outer ring of the gear (1) along the rear supporting sliding rail (44), the rear supporting roller driving motor (40) is connected with the rear supporting screw rod (41) through an overrunning clutch (45).

7. A gear double-sided drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a tool magazine (2) is arranged beside the X-axis track, a chip output device (9) is arranged below the X-axis assembly group (7), the chip output device (9) is in the form of a conveyor belt, chips after drilling are output from the lower part of the X-axis assembly group (7), and a chip recovery part (10) is arranged at the left end of the drilling machine foundation (8).

8. The gear double-side drilling method of the gear double-side drilling machine according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:

A. in the initial state of clamping, the position of the workpiece processing device (3) is far away from the central position (12); in the workpiece positioning and clamping device (5), the abutting device sliding table (30) and the lifting clamping device sliding table (24) are respectively retreated towards the left side and the right side, and an upper oil cylinder (38) and a lower oil cylinder (39) in the lifting clamping device (23) are both in a retraction state;

B. hoisting a position to be processed of the gear (1) to be processed to a position between a lifting clamping device (23) and an abutting device (29) in a workpiece positioning and clamping device (5), wherein during clamping, a central shaft of the gear (1) is arranged in a vertical direction, the diameter direction of the gear (1) is arranged along a horizontal direction, and a part to be processed of the gear (1) is placed between the lifting clamping device (23) and the abutting device (29) and is positioned on the abutting device sliding table (30); the center of the gear (1) is positioned on an X axis; other parts of the gear (1) are respectively positioned on a workpiece front supporting roller (47) in the workpiece front supporting assembly group (6) and a workpiece rear supporting roller (42) in the workpiece rear supporting assembly group (11);

C. in the workpiece positioning and clamping device (5), the abutting device sliding table (30) moves towards the lifting clamping device (23); after the lifting clamping device is moved to the right position, the sliding table (24) of the lifting clamping device moves towards the abutting device (29), when the position of the lower supporting seat (37) moves to the position below the gear (1), the braking device (26) on the braking sliding rail (25) brakes, the abutting device (29) abuts against the inner ring of the gear (1), and the outer ring of the gear (1) abuts against the C-shaped column; the lower oil cylinder (39) extends out, the lower supporting seat (37) rises, the upper oil cylinder (38) starts, the upper pressure column (35) descends, and the gear (1) is pressed tightly to ensure that the gear is firmly fixed in the machining process;

D. a rear supporting roller driving motor (40) drives a workpiece rear supporting sliding seat (43) to slide towards the X-axis track direction, a workpiece rear supporting roller (42) bears the gear (1), and a rear abutting device (48) on the workpiece rear supporting sliding seat (43) abuts against the gear (1);

E. during machining, an X-axis servo motor and a Z-axis servo motor (16) respectively drive a cutter (22) to move along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, the position of the cutter (22) is located between two lifting clamping devices, and the radial side hole of the gear (1) is drilled;

F. after the machining is finished, the upper oil cylinder (38) and the lower oil cylinder (39) are reset, the brake device (26) is released, and the first oil cylinder (28) and the second oil cylinder (27) are reset, so that the gear (1) can be disassembled; or the gear (1) is rotated and is replaced to the next machining position;

G. when the gear (1) is required to rotate, the front supporting roller driving motor and the rear supporting roller driving motor (40) respectively drive the workpiece front supporting roller (47) and the workpiece rear supporting roller (42) to rotate, so that the gear (1) is driven to rotate to the next position to be processed;

H. and the C-G steps are repeated, so that the drilling and tapping processing on different radial positions of the gear (1) can be realized.