CN113951211A - Illumination method for improving quality of eggshells of laying hens in later egg laying period - Google Patents
Illumination method for improving quality of eggshells of laying hens in later egg laying period Download PDFInfo
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- CN113951211A CN113951211A CN202111243334.8A CN202111243334A CN113951211A CN 113951211 A CN113951211 A CN 113951211A CN 202111243334 A CN202111243334 A CN 202111243334A CN 113951211 A CN113951211 A CN 113951211A
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- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 27
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding, in particular to an illumination method for improving the quality of eggshells of laying hens at the later period of egg laying. The illumination method for improving the quality of the eggshells of the laying hens at the later period of laying comprises the step of giving 10L/14D illumination cycle treatment in the feeding process. The illumination method for improving the quality of the eggshells of the laying hens in the later period of laying eggs reduces the feeding cost, maintains the production performance of the laying hens in the later period of laying eggs, improves the quality of the eggshells, reduces the egg breakage rate, reduces the medicine intervention to a certain extent, improves the economic and ecological benefits of the laying hens in the production and realizes the healthy breeding of the laying hens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding, in particular to an illumination method for improving the quality of eggshells of laying hens at the later period of egg laying.
Background
According to investigation, the economic value-free eggs produced in the later period of egg laying can reach about 8-10%. After the laying hens enter the later period of laying (60 weeks old), the metabolism function is declined, the digestion and absorption capacity of the feed is weakened, and the reproductive system is damaged, so that the laying rate and the egg quality are reduced, and the problems of light eggshell color, rough eggshell surface, dark spots, thin and crisp eggshell, loose texture and the like are caused. The laying rate of the Hailan brown laying hens at the later laying period is reduced by about 35-45%, the egg breaking rate reaches 10-20%, and the egg breaking rate caused by the reduction of the quality of the eggshells reaches 10-15%. The intestinal tract digestion and absorption function and the reproductive organ injury of the laying hens in the later period of laying are serious, the activation amount of calcium ion transport carriers in eggshell glands is reduced, the eggshell calcification is disordered, the calcium deposition on the eggshell surface is uneven, and the eggshell quality is seriously influenced.
The photoperiod is used as an important ecological factor influencing poultry production, and directly or indirectly influences the growth, development, ingestion, reproduction and the like of laying hens. Egg quality indicators such as egg weight, shell thickness, and yolk ratio are susceptible to photoperiod. When the illumination time is within 11-18 hours, the laying hens can keep good production performance. In the current breeding management, the illumination time of the egg producing period is mostly 14-16 hours.
Birds are more sensitive to light than other animals. The ovulation-egg laying circulation of the laying hens has obvious rhythmicity and environmental adaptability, and the eggshells are formed at night and need to stay in the uterus for 15-16 hours. Therefore, the egg quality can be expected to be improved by adjusting the photoperiod in the later period of laying to control the formation time of the eggshell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an illumination method for improving the quality of an eggshell at the later egg laying period of a laying hen, which reduces the feeding cost, maintains the production performance at the later egg laying period, improves the quality of the eggshell, reduces the egg breaking rate, reduces the medicine intervention to a certain extent, improves the economic and ecological benefits of the laying hen production, realizes the healthy breeding of the laying hen, and solves the problems in the prior art.
One of the technical schemes adopted by the invention is as follows:
a lighting method for improving the quality of eggshells of laying hens at the later period of laying comprises the step of giving 10L/14D lighting period treatment in the feeding process.
Further, the illumination method for improving the quality of the eggshells of the laying hens at the later period of laying comprises the following operation steps:
(1) feeding management
Selecting commodity daily ration, and freely taking food and drinking water;
(2) light treatment
In the later period of egg laying, irradiation is carried out in a 10L/14D illumination period every day under the conditions of room temperature and certain relative humidity.
Further, in the step (2), the room temperature is 20-25 ℃, and the relative humidity is 50-65%; the light source for illumination adopts a 40w incandescent bulb.
Further, in the step (2), the room temperature is 24 ℃ and the relative humidity is 60%.
Further, the illumination period adopts an illumination mode of 6:00-16:00 illumination and 16:00-6:00 darkness (10L/14D).
Further, the intensity of the illumination is 20 lx.
Further, the light source arrangement mode of the illumination is as follows: the lamp lines are arranged above the walkways in the middle positions of the two rows of cage groups, and the lamps on the two adjacent lamp lines are arranged in a staggered manner; adjacent lamp is height about being arranged on same lamp line, and higher lamp is placed 1 meter apart from the cage top layer, and lower lamp is placed at the trough height of from last down second floor cage, and adjacent lamp interval is 1.5 meters.
Further, the period of the light treatment in the step (2) is at least 10 weeks at the irradiation frequency of 10L/14D per day in the later period of egg laying.
Further, the later period of egg laying is 70-80 weeks old laying hens.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the illumination method for improving the quality of the eggshells of the laying hens at the later period of laying is applied to the laying hen breeding.
Furthermore, after the laying hens are bred by the illumination method, the egg breaking rate of laying hens fed with the laying hens is reduced to 5.5%, and the egg laying rate is increased to 72%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the illumination method is carried out on the premise that the 16L/8D illumination system in the traditional cognition is high-yield of the laying hens, and is mainly used for improving the problem that the quality of eggshells is seriously reduced in the later period of laying. By properly shortening the illumination time and prolonging the dark time in the later egg laying period of the laying hens, the feeding cost is reduced, the production performance in the later egg laying period is maintained, meanwhile, the eggshell quality is improved, the egg breaking rate is reduced, the production performance is not influenced, and the medicine intervention is reduced to a certain extent. Compared with the 11L/13D reported in the prior art, the illumination period is shortened, egg laying and ovulation are facilitated, the study of the egg laying rate is facilitated, the egg laying rate is only improved, the quality of the eggshell is improved to a limited extent, and the problem that the quality of the eggshell is seriously reduced in the later period of egg laying cannot be solved in a targeted manner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of egg shell color and dark spot grade controls;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the 10L/14D treatment cycle on the color of the eggshell and dark spots of the laying hens at the later laying period;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the treatment period of 16L/8D on the color of the eggshell and dark spots of the laying hens in the later period of laying.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the following embodiments. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The raw materials used in the following products are all common commercial products.
Example 1
The illumination method for improving the quality of the eggshells of the laying hens at the later period of egg laying adopts the following operation steps:
(1) feeding management
Selecting commercial daily ration, and feeding laying hens for free ingestion and drinking;
(2) light treatment
In the later period of egg laying, under the conditions of room temperature of 24 ℃ and relative humidity of 60%, adopting a 40w incandescent bulb, wherein the illumination intensity is 20lx, and carrying out illumination modes of 6:00-16:00 illumination and 16:00-6:00 darkness (10L/14D) every day; the irradiation period is maintained for at least 10 weeks.
Example 2
The application of the illumination method in the layer chicken cultivation in the embodiment 1 can obviously improve the egg quality, the egg breaking rate of laying hens fed with the illumination method is reduced to 5.5%, and the egg laying rate is increased to 72%; the quality of the eggshell, such as specific gravity, strength and thickness of the eggshell, is obviously increased, the color of the yolk is improved, and the number of dark spotted eggs is reduced.
First, test method
144 helenium brown laying hens with similar body weight and age of 80 weeks are selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, each group has 6 repetitions, and each repetition has 12 chickens. Cage-raising mode is adopted, and 3 chickens are raised in each cage.
The chickens were first pre-fed in the environment-controlled room for one week and after the start of the official experiment, were given the following 2 treatments: the control group has illumination mode of 6:00-22:00 light and 22:00-6:00 dark (16L/8D); the treatment groups had light patterns of 6:00-16:00 light, 16:00-6:00 dark (10L/14D).
The indoor temperature is 24 ℃, the relative humidity is 60%, the light source is a 40w incandescent bulb, and the illumination intensity is 20 lx; during the test period, the test bed is fed with commercial daily ration, and the test bed can be used for freely eating and drinking water. The test period is 10 weeks, the feed intake, the laying rate and the egg breaking rate are recorded in the whole process, and the egg quality is measured every two weeks.
Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using the SAS (Version8e, SAS Institute,1998) statistical software ANOVA method, multiple comparisons were performed using the Duncan method, and test results were expressed as Mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE), with P <0.05 indicating significant differences and 0.05 ≦ P <0.1 indicating trends in differences.
Second, test results and analysis
2.1 the effect of different photoperiods in the test method on the laying performance of the laying hens in the later laying period is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different photoperiods on the laying performance of laying hens in the later period of laying
The different letters in each row indicate significant differences, n-6.
As can be seen from Table 1, the 10L/14D light pattern did not affect the laying rate of the laying hens in the later period of laying, but significantly reduced the egg breakage rate. Compared with the conventional traditional cognition that the 16L/8D lighting system is the premise of high laying rate of the laying hens, the method has an unexpected effect on the aspect of improving the egg breakage rate. The analysis may be that the eggshell is formed at night and needs to stay in the uterus for 15-16 hours, the method promotes the deposition of calcium in the eggshell by adjusting the photoperiod and properly prolonging the dark time, which is beneficial to the formation of the eggshell and obviously improves the eggshell quality.
2.2 the effect of different photoperiods in the above test method on the egg quality of laying hens at the later laying period is shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 influence of different photoperiods on egg quality of laying hens at later laying period
The different letters in each row indicate significant differences, n-6.
As can be seen from Table 2, the 10L/14D light pattern significantly improved the quality of the eggshells at the later stage of egg laying, which is shown by the significant increase in specific gravity, strength and thickness of the eggshells.
2.3 combining the eggshell color and dark spot grade comparison standard chart of figure 1; the influence of different photoperiods on the color and dark spots of the eggshell at the later egg laying period of the laying hen is investigated and analyzed
In fig. 1, according to the color of the eggshell and the dark spot grade, 5 grades are divided, and corresponding to the grade in fig. 2, 5 grades have the best quality and are reduced in sequence.
As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the 10L/14D lighting pattern of the present invention significantly improves the color of the eggshell at the post-laying stage and significantly reduces the number of dark spotted eggs.
Compared with the prior relevant researches, for example, in a 14+1L/9D illumination mode (0.00-1: 00 spot light supplement at night for 1h), the 10L/14D illumination time adopted by the illumination method is shorter, the egg quality is improved, and meanwhile, the feeding cost is further reduced.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternative modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not described in detail, but is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A lighting method for improving the quality of eggshells of laying hens at the later period of laying is characterized by comprising the step of giving 10L/14D lighting period treatment in the feeding process.
2. A lighting method for improving the quality of the eggshells of laying hens at the later period of laying according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding management
Selecting commodity daily ration, and freely taking food and drinking water;
(2) light treatment
In the later period of egg laying, irradiation is carried out in a 10L/14D illumination period every day under the conditions of room temperature and certain relative humidity.
3. A lighting method for improving the quality of eggshells at the later stage of egg laying of laying hens according to claim 2, wherein the room temperature in the step (2) is 20-25 ℃, and the relative humidity is 50-65%; the light source for illumination adopts a 40w incandescent bulb.
4. A lighting method for improving the quality of eggshells at the later stage of laying hens as claimed in claim 3, wherein the intensity of said lighting is 20 lx.
5. An illumination method for improving the quality of the eggshell of the laying hen at the later stage of laying according to claim 3, wherein the light source for illumination is arranged in a way that: the lamp lines are arranged above the walkways in the middle positions of the two rows of cage groups, and the lamps on the two adjacent lamp lines are arranged in a staggered manner; adjacent lamps are arranged at upper and lower heights on the same lamp line, the higher lamps are placed 1 meter away from the cage top layer, the lower lamps are placed at the height of the trough of the second-layer cage from the top down, and the distance between the adjacent lamps is 1.5 meters.
6. A lighting method for improving the quality of eggshells at the post-laying period of laying hens as claimed in claim 3, wherein the period of the lighting treatment in step (2) is at least 10 weeks at a lighting frequency of 10L/14D per day at the post-laying period.
7. Use of a lighting method according to any one of claims 1-6 for improving the quality of the eggshells at the post-laying period of a laying hen in laying hen farming.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the egg breakage rate of laying hens fed with the feed is reduced to 5.5% and the egg production rate is increased to 72%.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206802912U (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-12-26 | 杭州朗拓生物科技有限公司 | A kind of LED light device of broiler chicken breeding scale hen house |
| CN109221612A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-18 | 山西大禹生物工程股份有限公司 | Improve the feed addictive and preparation method thereof for later period eggshell quality of laying eggs |
| CN110199943A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-09-06 | 青岛中科慧丹生物科技有限公司 | Improve the feed and cultural method of egg eggshell quality |
| CN111513206A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-11 | 扬州大学 | Method for improving eggshell quality of hens in later period of laying and improving laying rate |
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- 2021-10-25 CN CN202111243334.8A patent/CN113951211A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206802912U (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-12-26 | 杭州朗拓生物科技有限公司 | A kind of LED light device of broiler chicken breeding scale hen house |
| CN109221612A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-18 | 山西大禹生物工程股份有限公司 | Improve the feed addictive and preparation method thereof for later period eggshell quality of laying eggs |
| CN110199943A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-09-06 | 青岛中科慧丹生物科技有限公司 | Improve the feed and cultural method of egg eggshell quality |
| CN111513206A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-11 | 扬州大学 | Method for improving eggshell quality of hens in later period of laying and improving laying rate |
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