CN113938443B - Wireless internet of things protocol switch - Google Patents

Wireless internet of things protocol switch Download PDF

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CN113938443B
CN113938443B CN202110854776.XA CN202110854776A CN113938443B CN 113938443 B CN113938443 B CN 113938443B CN 202110854776 A CN202110854776 A CN 202110854776A CN 113938443 B CN113938443 B CN 113938443B
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module
data
things
vid
wireless internet
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CN113938443A (en
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严伟
王雪迪
吴鹏飞
王博
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Peking University
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Peking University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/10—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/35—Switches specially adapted for specific applications
    • H04L49/354—Switches specially adapted for specific applications for supporting virtual local area networks [VLAN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
    • H04W28/065—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information using assembly or disassembly of packets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of Internet of things and industrial Internet, and discloses a switch framework supporting multiple wireless communication protocols and port data exchange of the multiple wireless communication protocols and an implementation method. By adopting a hardware circuit method, the multi-port wireless Internet of things protocol data can be accessed into the TSN switch under the condition of ensuring time certainty, and then the industrial Internet is accessed. The wireless Internet of things protocol data are transmitted into a hardware circuit of the wireless Internet of things switch through a data transceiver module, and after checking, priority (defined in VLAN Tag) judgment and Ethernet frame packing operation are carried out in the circuit, the encapsulated wireless protocol data are transmitted to the TSN switch through a TSN interface module. Supported wireless internet of things protocols include, but are not limited to: bluetooth, zigBee, loRa, NB-IoT. The whole transmission process is completely processed by adopting a hardware circuit, the conversion speed is high, the conversion time is short, the multi-protocol and multi-port data conversion adopts a parallel mode, and data congestion caused by large data volume can be avoided.

Description

Wireless internet of things protocol switch
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of Internet of things and industrial Internet, and relates to a switch framework supporting multiple wireless communication protocols and port data exchange of the multiple wireless communication protocols and an implementation method.
Background
The industrial internet of things is the internet of things technology in the industrial field, and part of industrial field devices are interconnected and intercommunicated on the basis of the wireless internet of things technology. With the application of emerging technologies in the traditional industrial field, a novel industrial production mode which integrates technologies such as a cloud platform, edge computing, big data analysis and artificial intelligence is promoting the rapid transition of the industrial internet of things to digitization and intelligence. The industrial Internet of things switch is used as an important component of the industrial Internet of things, and comprehensive conversion from the industrial Internet of things to the industrial Internet is achieved.
The interconnection of numerous industrial field devices becomes a first problem to be solved quickly in the industrial internet, and the connection cost is greatly increased due to more and more heterogeneous devices. However, in the present phase, due to different communication standards used by countries and equipment manufacturing enterprises in the world, communication protocols between industrial equipment are different, which causes difficulty in interconnection between industrial equipment in the enterprise, mutual independence between systems, and failure in real-time information interaction. Although the industrial gateways on the market are various in types, the functions of the products are not complete, and most of the products cannot support the access and transmission of various types of data and multi-protocol data.
TSN (Time sensitive networking, time sensitive network) is a set of "sub-standards" formulated based on specific application requirements under the IEEE802.1 standard framework, and aims to establish a "universal" Time sensitive mechanism for an ethernet protocol to ensure real-Time performance, certainty and low latency of network data transmission.
The wireless internet of things protocol supported by the existing internet of things gateway or internet of things switch is single, the protocol conversion mode is realized by adopting general processor software, the conversion rate is limited, when the ports are too many and the data volume is large, data blockage can be caused, if the buffer area is not reserved enough, data loss can be caused, the certainty of communication can not be ensured, and conversion while more wireless data ports can not be met. The TSN switch is an important component of an industrial Ethernet, and the existing Internet of things switch does not support interconnection with the TSN switch, so that the requirement of the industrial Internet cannot be well met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the existing Internet of things switch can not support multi-protocol and multi-port data conversion under the condition of meeting communication certainty, the invention provides a method for realizing multi-protocol and multi-port data conversion by adopting a hardware circuit.
The wireless Internet of things protocol data are transmitted into a hardware circuit of the wireless Internet of things switch through a data transceiver module, and after checking, priority (defined in VLAN Tag) judgment and Ethernet frame packing operation are carried out in the circuit, the encapsulated wireless protocol data are transmitted to the TSN switch through a TSN interface module. Supported wireless internet of things protocols include, but are not limited to: bluetooth, zigBee, loRa, NB-IoT. The whole transmission process is completely processed by adopting a hardware circuit, the conversion speed is high, the conversion time is short, the multi-protocol and multi-port data conversion adopts a parallel mode, and data congestion caused by large data volume can be avoided.
The invention mainly comprises the following modules: the device comprises a data transceiving module, a VID mapping module, a packet unpacking module, a TSN interface module and an AXI4 interface module.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless internet of things switch architecture system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wireless internet of things switch architecture.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data transceiver module.
Fig. 4 contains an ethernet frame structure diagram of wireless internet of things protocol data.
Fig. 5 is an exemplary diagram of wireless internet protocol VID values and priority fields.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of transmission of wireless internet of things protocol data in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The implementation details are as follows:
the embodiment of the invention relates to a wireless Internet of things protocol switch framework with time certainty and an implementation method thereof. The core of the invention is that the TSN switch and the VLAN technology are utilized to realize the deterministic communication of the wireless Internet of things protocol data in the TSN through a hardware circuit. Fig. 1 shows the application of the present invention in a TSN network and a wireless internet of things network, and a schematic block diagram of the present invention is shown in fig. 2.
The working principle and the process are as follows:
for uplink data, that is, a wireless internet of things network- > a wireless internet of things protocol switch- > a TSN switch, the wireless internet of things protocol data enters the wireless internet of things protocol switch through a data transceiver module, a VID mapping module compares a VID mapping table with a priority mapping table according to different transceiver circuit interfaces, a VID value and a priority field are added before a wireless protocol data frame, if multiple ports receive data at the same time, the VID mapping module sends the data to a packet unpacking module according to configured priorities in sequence, the packet unpacking module adds an ethernet frame header and a frame tail to the protocol data, and an ethernet frame structure diagram containing the wireless internet of things protocol data refers to fig. 4. The encapsulation and unpacking module transmits the Ethernet frames containing the wireless Internet of things protocol data to the TSN interface module, and the TSN interface module transmits the data to the TSN switch according to the standard time sequence of the Ethernet interface.
For downlink data, namely, a TSN (transmission line network) switch, a wireless Internet of things protocol switch and a wireless Internet of things network, an Ethernet frame containing wireless Internet of things protocol data enters the wireless Internet of things protocol switch through a TSN interface module, a packet unpacking module removes an Ethernet frame header and a frame tail, only the wireless Internet of things protocol data and a VID (video identifier) value are reserved, a VID mapping module judges which data transceiver module to send the wireless Internet of things protocol data to according to the VID value and a VID mapping table, and the data transceiver module sends the protocol data to wireless Internet of things equipment after receiving the wireless Internet of things protocol data from the VID mapping module.
Fig. 6 shows a transmission flow of wireless internet of things protocol data in the present invention.
The invention adds VLAN Tag which accords with IEEE 802.1Q standard on the basis of packaging wireless Internet of things protocol data into standard Ethernet frame, and the total number of the VLAN Tag is 4 bytes. Containing a TPID of 2 bytes and a TCI of 2 bytes, the TPID value is 0xc8100 for ethernet frames, the TCI includes a priority field of 3 bits, which can represent eight priority levels, a 1-bit typical format indicator, and a VID (VLAN Identifier) of 12bits, wherein the priority field can specify the priority level of each protocol port, and the larger the priority field value, the higher the priority level. When a plurality of protocol ports receive data from the wireless Internet of things at the same time, the TSN switch can determine which port data is preferentially switched according to the priority level; meanwhile, each port is assigned with a VID value, and the wireless Internet of things switch and the upper computer distinguish which protocol data the transmitted data is according to the VID in the data frame. See fig. 5 for an example of wireless internet protocol VID values and priority fields.
VLAN Tag has two important roles: firstly, for the condition that multiple paths of uplink data are generated simultaneously, the sequence of sending the data to the TSN switch can be judged according to the priority domain; and secondly, the TSN switch can determine the transmission priority of the wireless Internet of things protocol data in the TSN according to the priority domain.
Detailed description of the modules:
the invention mainly comprises the following modules: the device comprises a data transceiving module, a VID mapping module, a packet unpacking module, a TSN interface module and an AXI4 interface module.
The data transceiver module also comprises a UART receiving module, a UART transmitting module, a receiving FIFO module, a transmitting FIFO module, a gating module, a baud rate calculating module and a clock frequency dividing module. Please refer to fig. 3 for a schematic diagram of the data transceiver module.
The UART receiving module realizes UART receiving time sequence and parity check function, and stores protocol data received from the UART interface into a receiving FIFO; the UART transmitting module realizes the functions of transmitting time sequence and parity check and transmits the protocol data transmitted by the transmitting FIFO to the wireless protocol port.
The receiving FIFO module and the sending FIFO module are realized by adopting asynchronous FIFO which is designed based on a double-port RAM. Because the UART transceiving speed is different from the transceiving speed of the TSN interface module, the data is cached by adopting the asynchronous FIFO.
The VID mapping module comprises a VID mapping table, a VID mapping circuit and a multi-path selection circuit, wherein the VID mapping table needs the CPU to be configured in the VID mapping module through the AXI4 interface module.
The VID mapping module is used for receiving protocol data from a receiving FIFO (first in first out) for uplink data, namely a wireless Internet of things network- > a wireless Internet of things protocol switch- > a TSN switch, attaching VID values and priority domains corresponding to ports to the wireless protocol data according to different ports and VID mapping tables and priority mapping tables of different protocols, wherein the attachment position is the front end of the protocol data, and then sending the protocol data with the attached VID values and priority domains to a packet unpacking module; for downlink data, namely TSN switch- > wireless Internet of things protocol switch- > wireless Internet of things network, the VID mapping module receives protocol data from the packet unpacking module, the front end of the protocol data is provided with 12bits VID information, the VID mapping module compares the VID mapping table according to the VID value, and the wireless Internet of things protocol data with the VID value removed is transmitted to the corresponding transmission FIFO.
The function that the said package unpacks the module and finishes is, for the upstream data, namely wireless Internet of things network- > switchboard- > upper computer, after the package unpacks the module and receives the data with VID value from VID mapping module, add the frame head frame end of Ethernet on the basis of this data frame, the Ethernet frame head that needs to add includes: destination address, source address, type/length, and the end of the ethernet frame to be added is the frame check sequence FCS.
In which besides the destination address, the source address, the type/length, and the type/length byte, a 4-byte VLAN Tag value is added before the protocol data, and since the VID mapping module has added the VID value before the protocol data, the packet unpacking module only needs to add the TPID, the priority field, and the typical format indicator in the VLAN Tag. The priority value of the priority domain needs to be added according to a priority mapping table configured by the CPU through the AXI4 interface module.
For downlink data, namely an upper computer, a switch device and a field bus network, the packet unpacking module receives an Ethernet frame with a VLAN Tag from the TSN interface module, the packet unpacking module removes the information of a frame head and a frame tail of the Ethernet, and only retains a VID value of 12bits and wireless Internet of things protocol data.
The AXI4 interface module is used for realizing an AXI4 lite protocol, comprises 2 AXI4 lite registers with 32 bit width, and is used for caching configuration information transmitted to an IP (Internet protocol) of a wireless Internet of things switch by a CPU (Central processing Unit), wherein the configuration information comprises the following information: priority table in VLAN Tag, VID value of each port in VLAN Tag, parity check configuration information and baud rate configuration information needed by port.
The TSN interface module realizes GMII interface time sequence in accordance with IEEE 802.3 standard, and wireless Internet of things protocol data encapsulated into Ethernet frame format is transmitted with the TSN switch through the TSN interface module.

Claims (4)

1. A wireless Internet of things protocol switch is characterized by comprising the following modules: the system comprises a data transceiving module, a VID mapping module, a packet unpacking module, a TSN interface module and an AXI4 interface module; wherein:
the data transceiving module comprises a UART receiving module, a UART transmitting module, a receiving FIFO module and a transmitting FIFO module; the UART receiving module realizes UART receiving time sequence and parity check function, and stores protocol data received from the UART interface into a receiving FIFO; the UART transmitting module realizes the functions of transmitting time sequence and parity check and transmits the protocol data transmitted by the transmitting FIFO to the wireless protocol port; the receiving FIFO module and the sending FIFO module are realized by adopting asynchronous FIFO which is designed based on a double-port RAM, and because the UART transceiving speed is different from that of the TSN interface module, the data is cached by adopting the asynchronous FIFO;
the VID mapping module comprises a VID mapping table, a VID mapping circuit and a multi-path selection circuit, wherein the VID mapping table needs a CPU to be configured in the VID mapping module through an AXI4 interface module, for uplink data, namely a wireless Internet of things network- > wireless Internet of things protocol switch- > TSN switch, the VID mapping module receives protocol data from a receiving FIFO, VID values and priority fields corresponding to ports are added to the wireless protocol data according to different ports and VID mapping tables of different protocols and priority mapping tables, the addition position is the front end of the protocol data, and then the protocol data with the added VID values and priority fields are sent to a packet unpacking module; for downlink data, namely TSN exchanger- > wireless Internet of things protocol exchanger- > wireless Internet of things network, the VID mapping module receives protocol data from the packet unpacking module, the foremost end of the protocol data is provided with 12bits VID information, the VID mapping module compares the VID mapping table according to the VID value, and the wireless Internet of things protocol data with the VID value removed is transmitted to the corresponding transmission FIFO;
for uplink data, namely wireless internet of things network- > switch- > upper computer, the encapsulation unpacking module receives data with VID value from the VID mapping module and then adds an Ethernet frame header and frame tail on the basis of the data frame; for downlink data, namely an upper computer- > switch equipment- > field bus network, the encapsulation and unpacking module receives an Ethernet frame with a VLAN Tag from the TSN interface module, the encapsulation and unpacking module removes the information of a frame head and a frame tail of the Ethernet, and only a VID value of 12bits and wireless Internet of things protocol data are reserved;
the AXI4 interface module is used for realizing an AXI4 lite protocol, and comprises 2 AXI4 lite registers with 32 bit widths, wherein the AXI4 lite registers are used for caching configuration information transmitted to an IP (Internet protocol) of a wireless Internet of things switch by a CPU (Central processing Unit);
the TSN interface module realizes GMII interface time sequence in accordance with IEEE 802.3 standard, and wireless Internet of things protocol data encapsulated into Ethernet frame format is transmitted with the TSN switch through the TSN interface module.
2. The wireless internet of things protocol switch of claim 1, wherein the ethernet frame header that the packet unpacking module needs to add comprises: destination address, source address, type/length, and the end of the ethernet frame to be added is the frame check sequence FCS.
3. The wireless internet of things protocol switch of claim 1, wherein the packet unpacking module only needs to add the TPID, the priority field, and the canonical format indicator in the VLAN Tag.
4. The wireless internet of things protocol switch of claim 1, wherein the AXI4 interface module configuration information is as follows: priority table in VLAN Tag, VID value of each port in VLAN Tag, parity check configuration information and baud rate configuration information needed by port.
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CN114008987A (en) * 2019-05-02 2022-02-01 诺基亚技术有限公司 Integration of communication networks in time sensitive networking systems
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112073388A (en) * 2020-08-20 2020-12-11 上海交通大学 Time-sensitive heterogeneous network system of industrial control system and management method
CN112422700A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-02-26 奥特酷智能科技(南京)有限公司 Vehicle-mounted network redundant communication method and system based on DDS (direct digital synthesizer) protocol and TSN (time delay network) technology

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