CN113917079A - Accurate measurement method for flue gas volume of incinerator of household garbage incineration plant - Google Patents
Accurate measurement method for flue gas volume of incinerator of household garbage incineration plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN113917079A CN113917079A CN202111161545.7A CN202111161545A CN113917079A CN 113917079 A CN113917079 A CN 113917079A CN 202111161545 A CN202111161545 A CN 202111161545A CN 113917079 A CN113917079 A CN 113917079A
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000738 capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
An accurate measurement method for the smoke volume of an incinerator of a household garbage incineration plant belongs to the technical field of household garbage incineration. And (4) deducting moisture and air leakage brought by water spraying and slurry spraying of a flue gas purification system by taking CEMS data as a reference, and deducting air leakage of a flue at the tail part of the boiler to obtain the amount of the flue gas of the hearth produced by incineration of the incinerator. The invention has the advantages that: the measured smoke amount is more accurate, visual reference is provided for the operation of a waste incineration plant, the requirement of environmental protection monitoring is met, and the consumption of auxiliary fuel for ensuring the environmental protection requirement of 850 ℃ and the retention time of 2S is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for accurately measuring the smoke volume of an incinerator of a household garbage incineration plant, belonging to the technical field of household garbage incineration.
Background
At present, the urban domestic garbage is generally collected in a mixing mode, the garbage contains a large amount of plastics, rubber and the like, and dioxin organic pollutants are easily generated after the garbage is combusted. The technology for controlling the generation of dioxin through combustion is 3T (turbulent flow, flue gas temperature and flue gas retention time), and because the garbage has complex components and large fluctuation range, the garbage has large variation of heat value range, so that the flue gas amount generated by the combustion of the garbage in a furnace has large fluctuation, and the monitoring of the area of the boiler with the temperature of the flue gas being more than 850 ℃ for 2 seconds in a first vertical channel of the boiler is difficult. In order to ensure the regional monitoring of the smoke gas at the temperature of more than 850 ℃ for 2 seconds, the smoke gas amount in the furnace needs to be accurately analyzed and confirmed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for accurately measuring the smoke quantity of an incinerator of a domestic garbage incineration plant.
The accurate measurement method for the smoke volume of the incinerator of the household garbage incineration plant is characterized in that water and air leakage brought by water spraying and slurry spraying of a smoke purification system are deducted by taking CEMS data as a reference, and air leakage of a tail flue of a boiler is deducted to obtain the hearth smoke volume produced by the incinerator incineration.
Comprises the following steps:
reading reliable flue gas quantity and oxygen content data on the CEMS,
reading the data of the slurry spraying amount and the water spraying amount of the flue gas purification system,
a high-temperature oxygen amount monitoring instrument for monitoring the oxygen content of the flue gas is arranged at the outlet of a third vertical channel of the boiler and is used for reading the oxygen content of the flue gas at the high-temperature oxygen amount monitoring instrument,
in order to meet the 3T criterion of the household garbage in the incineration process, namely the household garbage needs to stay for a certain time at a certain incineration temperature and turbulence intensity, the garbage incineration temperature is regulated by the operation of the incinerator, the turbulence intensity is ensured by the boiler structure, and the stay time is closely related to the smoke quantity besides the boiler structure.
Also comprises the following steps: reading data of the smoke volume and the oxygen content from the CEMS, wherein the data comprise moisture brought by a smoke purification system due to water spraying and slurry spraying, air leakage of the smoke purification system and each flue, and are required to be deducted one by one correspondingly,
read the spraying amount D of the flue gas purification system1Water spray amount D2From the flow data, the mass of the total moisture introduced is calculated as D ═ D1×(1-θ)×ρ+D2X 1000, where theta is the mass concentration of the lime slurry and rho is the density of the lime slurry (kg/m)3). The total moisture brought in is converted from mass to volume: 22.4 ÷ 18 × D.
The three vertical channels of the waste heat boiler adopt a water-cooled membrane wall structure (water-cooled wall), a high-temperature oxygen amount monitoring instrument for monitoring the oxygen content of flue gas is arranged at the outlet of the third vertical channel of the boiler,
according to the material balance:
V×O+V2×21＝V1×O′ ②
substituting formula I into formula II to eliminate V2And the amount of smoke generated by burning the household garbage is obtained after simplification:
V1: wet base flue gas mass (Nm) measured at chimney exit CEMS3/h)；
V2: total air leakage (Nm)3/h)；
O': actual moisture-based oxygen content (%) as measured at the stack outlet CEMS;
d: the total water spraying amount (kg/h) of the flue gas purification system;
o: the actual wet-based oxygen content (%) at the outlet of the third vertical channel of the boiler;
D1: spraying amount (m) of flue gas purification system3/h)；
D2: water spray quantity (m) of flue gas cleaning system3/h)；
Carrying out temperature conversion according to the smoke volume V of the household garbage incineration, wherein t is the average smoke temperature of a channel, and the width a and the depth b of a first vertical channel of the waste heat boiler are used for obtaining the smoke flow speed in the channel
Multiplying by the time 2S is the 2S area in one pass of the boiler.
The utility model provides an it burns burning furnace to be used for domestic waste incineration plant, burns burning furnace's upper portion and connects first vertical channel, and the side of first vertical channel connects gradually second vertical channel and third vertical channel, and the afterbody flue is connected to the side of third vertical channel, contains over heater, evaporimeter and economizer, and the afterbody flue that contains over heater, evaporimeter and economizer etc. passes through empty flue and is connected with gas cleaning system, and gas cleaning system export connects gradually draught fan, chimney and CEMS system.
The invention has the advantages that: the measured smoke gas volume is more accurate, visual reference is provided for the operation of a waste incineration plant, the requirement of environmental protection monitoring is met, and the consumption of auxiliary fuel for ensuring the environmental protection requirement of 850 ℃ and the retention time of 2S due to inaccurate smoke gas volume is reduced.
Drawings
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form a part of this specification, and wherein the illustrated embodiments of the invention and the description thereof are intended to illustrate and not limit the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and variations based on the spirit of the present invention.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description, "plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.
The following examples are further illustrative in combination for ease of understanding the examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention.
Example 1: as shown in figure 1, the incinerator for the household garbage incineration plant is characterized in that the upper portion of the incinerator 1 is connected with a first vertical channel 2, the side face of the first vertical channel 2 is sequentially connected with a second vertical channel 3 and a third vertical channel 4, the side face of the third vertical channel 4 is connected with a horizontal flue 5, the horizontal flue 5 is connected with a tail economizer flue 6 through a flue, the tail economizer flue 6 is connected with a flue gas purification system 7 through an empty flue, and the flue gas purification system 7 is sequentially connected with an induced draft fan 8, a chimney 9 and a CEMS system 10.
CEMS is an abbreviation of Continuous Emission Monitoring System, and refers to a device that continuously monitors the concentration and total Emission of gaseous pollutants and particulate matters emitted from an air pollution source and transmits information to a competent department in real time, and is called as an automatic flue gas Monitoring System.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 1, a method for accurately measuring the amount of flue gas of an incinerator of a domestic waste incineration plant sequentially comprises the following steps according to a flue gas flow: waste heat boiler system, gas cleaning system, CEMS system. Dioxin organic pollutants are generated in the waste incineration process, and in order to control the generation of the dioxin organic pollutants, the 3T (Temperature), residence Time and Turbulence) criteria of the waste incineration process need to be met, wherein the residence Time of smoke is closely related to the smoke volume, and it is very important to accurately determine the smoke volume.
The accurate measurement method for the smoke volume of the incinerator of the household garbage incineration plant is characterized in that water and air leakage brought by water spraying and slurry spraying of a smoke purification system are deducted by taking CEMS data as a reference, and air leakage of a tail flue of a boiler is deducted to obtain the hearth smoke volume produced by the incinerator incineration.
CEMS data is data required by the local environmental protection sector.
Comprises the following steps:
and reading reliable smoke gas quantity and oxygen content data on the CEMS.
And reading the spraying amount and water spraying amount data of the flue gas purification system.
And a high-temperature oxygen amount monitoring instrument for monitoring the oxygen content of the flue gas is arranged at the outlet of the third vertical channel of the boiler and is used for reading the oxygen content of the flue gas at the high-temperature oxygen amount monitoring instrument.
In order to meet the 3T criterion of the household garbage in the incineration process, namely the household garbage needs to stay for a certain time at a certain incineration temperature and turbulence intensity, the garbage incineration temperature is regulated by the operation of the incinerator, the turbulence intensity is ensured by the structural design of the boiler, and the stay time is closely related to the smoke quantity besides the structural relationship with the boiler.
Reading the data of the flue gas quantity and the oxygen content from the CEMS, wherein the data comprises moisture brought by a flue gas purification system due to water spraying and slurry spraying and air leakage of the flue gas purification system, each flue and the like, and the data needs to be deducted one by one correspondingly.
Read the spraying amount D of the flue gas purification system1Water spray amount D2From the flow data, the mass of the total moisture introduced is calculated as D ═ D1×(1-θ)×ρ+D2X 1000, where theta is the mass concentration of the lime slurry and rho is the density of the lime slurry (kg/m)3). Total water brought in by massConversion to volume: 22.4 ÷ 18 × D.
The three vertical channels of the waste heat boiler adopt water-cooled membrane wall structures (water-cooled walls), the sealing performance is good, and in order to reduce the influence of air leakage on the smoke gas quantity as much as possible, a high-temperature oxygen quantity monitoring instrument for monitoring the oxygen content of the smoke gas is arranged at the outlet of the third vertical channel of the boiler.
According to the material balance:
V×O+V2×21＝V1×O′ ②
substituting formula I into formula II to eliminate V2And the amount of smoke generated by burning the household garbage is obtained after simplification:
V1: wet base flue gas mass (Nm) measured at chimney exit CEMS3/h)；
V2: total air leakage (Nm)3/h)；
O': actual moisture-based oxygen content (%) as measured at the stack outlet CEMS;
d: the total water spraying amount (kg/h) of the flue gas purification system;
o: the actual oxygen content (%) of the wet basis at the outlet of the third vertical channel of the boiler,
D1: spraying amount (m) of flue gas purification system3/h)
D2: water spray quantity (m) of flue gas cleaning system3/h)
According to the smoke volume V of the household garbage incineration, carrying out temperature conversion (t is the average smoke temperature of one channel) and the width a and the depth b of a first vertical channel of the waste heat boiler to obtain the smoke flow speed in one channel
Multiplying by the time 2S (2 seconds) is the 2S region in one pass of the boiler.
Example 3: as shown in figure 1, a method for accurately measuring the smoke quantity of an incinerator of a household garbage incineration plant is illustrated. The waste heat boiler system, the flue gas purification system and the CEMS system comprise an incinerator 1, a first vertical channel 2, a second vertical channel 3, a third vertical channel 4, a horizontal flue 5, a tail coal economizer flue 6, a flue gas purification system 7, an induced draft fan 8, a chimney 9 and a CEMS system 10.
In order to meet the national regulatory requirements, daily operation data needs to be uploaded to the local environmental protection bureau through the CEMS system 10, so that the data of the smoke volume and the oxygen content read from the CEMS system 10 is reliable, but the data contains moisture brought by water spraying and slurry spraying of the smoke purification system 7 and air leakage of each system and needs to be deducted.
The flue gas purification system 7 has detailed flow records for the guniting amount and the water spraying amount, and can reversely push out moisture brought into the flue gas according to the flow records.
The first vertical channel 2, the second vertical channel 3 and the third vertical channel 4 of the waste heat boiler adopt water-cooling membrane wall structures, the sealing performance is good, and in order to reduce the influence of air leakage on the smoke gas quantity as much as possible, a high-temperature oxygen quantity monitoring instrument for monitoring the oxygen content of the smoke gas is arranged at the outlet of the third vertical channel 4 of the boiler (an oxygen quantity detector needs to be regularly corrected and calibrated).
And obtaining the accurate smoke gas volume of the first channel of the boiler according to the formula, and calculating the 2-second retention area according to the geometric dimension of the first channel 2 of the waste heat boiler.
As described above, although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications are possible without substantially departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, such modifications are also all included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An accurate measurement method for the smoke volume of an incinerator of a household garbage incineration plant is characterized in that CEMS data is used as a reference, moisture and air leakage brought by water spraying and slurry spraying of a smoke purification system are deducted, and air leakage of a flue at the tail of a boiler is deducted, so that the hearth smoke volume produced by incineration of the incinerator is obtained.
2. The method for accurately measuring the smoke quantity of the incinerator of the household garbage incineration plant according to the claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
reading reliable flue gas quantity and oxygen content data on the CEMS,
reading the data of the slurry spraying amount and the water spraying amount of the flue gas purification system,
a high-temperature oxygen amount monitoring instrument for monitoring the oxygen content of the flue gas is arranged at the outlet of a third vertical channel of the boiler and is used for reading the oxygen content of the flue gas at the high-temperature oxygen amount monitoring instrument,
in order to meet the 3T criterion of the household garbage in the incineration process, namely the household garbage needs to stay for a certain time at a certain incineration temperature and turbulence intensity, the garbage incineration temperature is regulated by the operation of the incinerator, the turbulence intensity is ensured by the boiler structure, and the stay time is closely related to the smoke quantity besides the boiler structure.
3. The method for accurately measuring the smoke quantity of the incinerator of the household garbage incineration plant according to the claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps: reading data of the smoke volume and the oxygen content from the CEMS, wherein the data comprise moisture brought by a smoke purification system due to water spraying and slurry spraying, air leakage of the smoke purification system and each flue, and are required to be deducted one by one correspondingly,
read the spraying amount D of the flue gas purification system1Water spray amount D2From the flow data, the mass of the total moisture introduced is calculated as D ═ D1×(1-θ)×ρ+D2X 1000, where theta is the mass concentration of the lime slurry and rho is the density of the lime slurry (kg/m)3) The total moisture brought in is converted from mass to volume: 22.4 ÷ 18 × D,
the three vertical channels of the waste heat boiler adopt a water-cooled membrane wall structure (water-cooled wall), a high-temperature oxygen amount monitoring instrument for monitoring the oxygen content of flue gas is arranged at the outlet of the third vertical channel of the boiler,
according to the material balance:
V×O+V2×21＝V1×O′ ②
substituting formula I into formula II to eliminate V2And the amount of smoke generated by burning the household garbage is obtained after simplification:
V1: wet base flue gas mass (Nm) measured at chimney exit CEMS3/h)；
V2: total air leakage (Nm)3/h)；
O': actual moisture-based oxygen content (%) as measured at the stack outlet CEMS;
d: the total water spraying amount (kg/h) of the flue gas purification system;
o: the actual oxygen content (%) of the wet basis at the outlet of the third vertical channel of the boiler,
D1: spraying amount (m) of flue gas purification system3/h)
D2: water spray quantity (m) of flue gas cleaning system3/h)
The temperature is converted according to the smoke volume V of the household garbage incineration, t is the average smoke temperature of a channel, the width a and the depth b of a first vertical channel of the waste heat boiler are used for obtaining the smoke flow speed theta in the channel, and the smoke flow speed theta multiplied by the time 2S is the 2S area in the channel of the boiler,
4. the utility model provides an incinerator for domestic waste incineration plant, its characterized in that burns the upper portion of burning furnace and connects first vertical channel, and the side of first vertical channel connects gradually second vertical channel and third vertical channel, and the side of third vertical channel connects the afterbody flue, contains over heater, evaporimeter and economizer, and the afterbody flue that contains over heater, evaporimeter and economizer etc. passes through empty flue and is connected with gas cleaning system, and gas cleaning system export connects gradually draught fan, chimney and CEMS system.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116293717A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-06-23 | 北京中科润宇环保科技股份有限公司 | On-line monitoring method for residence time of hearth smoke of household garbage incineration plant |
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Application publication date: 20220111 |