CN113915621B - High-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system and operation process thereof - Google Patents
High-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system and operation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 41
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
- F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- F23J2215/101—Nitrous oxide (N2O)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
- F23J2217/101—Baghouse type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system and an operation process thereof, wherein the system comprises a gasification furnace, a primary evaporator, a temperature reduction tower, an electric filter, a steam heater, a low-temperature SCR device, a GGH flue gas heat exchanger, a secondary combustion chamber, a superheater, a secondary evaporator, an air preheater, an induced draft fan and a chimney which are sequentially connected through a flue; the GGH flue gas heat exchanger is additionally provided with a flue and is connected to a wet tower, and the wet tower is connected back to the GGH flue gas heat exchanger through the flue. The high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system disclosed by the invention is particularly used for treating the problems of high-temperature corrosion and tar of HCl in gasification gas, and meanwhile, compared with the traditional garbage incineration system, the energy conversion efficiency of the system is improved, the high-parameter (main steam temperature breaks through 450 ℃) thermal power generation system for garbage incineration is realized, and the high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system has popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system and an operation process thereof.
Background
Along with the promotion of related policies in the waste incineration industry, the improvement of the energy utilization efficiency of the waste incineration power generation system has become an unprecedented technical development core in the industry. For a conventional garbage incineration power generation system, the main steam temperature cannot exceed 450 ℃, and a large amount of HCl can be generated in the incineration process mainly because household garbage contains a large amount of PVC, kitchen wastes and the like, and the HCl can seriously corrode the metal wall surface at high temperature, so that the safe and stable operation of equipment is affected.
The garbage gasification technology can convert solid garbage into combustible gas, and can bring great convenience for subsequent recycling. However, for the garbage gasification technology, the problems that restrict the development of the technology at present mainly include the following two problems: firstly, the gasification gas contains various acid gases and tar, and the direct utilization of the gasification gas can seriously affect the service life of equipment; secondly, the calorific value of the gasified gas is low, and the economic benefit of long-distance transportation is extremely low on the premise of not being purified. Therefore, how to effectively and reasonably utilize the gasified gas after the gasification of the garbage is the key point of the research of technicians.
CN204113365U discloses a clean and efficient power generation system for preparing RDF by using domestic garbage, which gasifies the domestic garbage into RDF to generate combustible gas, and then sends the combustible gas to a gas generator to generate power, and sends the waste heat gas to an expansion screw generator to generate further power. However, the technical scheme cannot solve the problem that acid gases such as HCl in fuel gas corrode the fuel gas generator at high temperature, and the service life of the fuel gas generator is also influenced when fuel gas with tar enters the fuel gas generator.
CN108397777a discloses a domestic garbage gasification power generation system, which couples a traditional garbage power generation system with a percolate treatment system, adopts a tar catalytic bed to reduce the tar content in gasification gas, and simultaneously uses an internal combustion engine set to generate power. However, the system also avoids the problem of HCl high-temperature corrosion which needs to be faced in the garbage incineration power generation system, and the service life of the internal combustion engine set is greatly influenced.
CN110513696a discloses a flue gas-fuel double-coupled garbage gasification power generation system, which constructs two sets of power generation systems, wherein the first power generation system utilizes gasification gas to generate power through a gas turbine, the generated gasification gas enters a waste heat boiler of a bottom slag incinerator to exchange heat with steam, and the steam drives a steam turbine to generate power, so that a second power generation system is formed. Similar to the disadvantages of the above system, the combustible gas entering the gas turbine contains HCl and tar, severely affecting the life of the gas turbine.
In summary, the prior art disclosed at present basically avoids the problem of high-temperature corrosion of HCl peculiar to the field of gasification and incineration of garbage, although the HCl content in the gasification process is lower than that in the common incineration process, HCl can also produce serious corrosion to metals at high temperature, gasification gas is difficult to directly enter related equipment such as a gas turbine, an internal combustion engine and the like for direct utilization, and tar produced in the gasification process can also affect the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system and an operation process thereof, which are particularly used for treating the problems of high-temperature corrosion and tar of HCl in gasification gas, and meanwhile, compared with the traditional garbage incineration system, the energy conversion efficiency of the system is improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system comprises a gasification furnace, a first-stage evaporator, a temperature reduction tower, an electric filter, a steam heater, a low-temperature SCR device, a GGH flue gas heat exchanger, a wet-process tower, a secondary combustion chamber, a superheater, a second-stage evaporator, an air preheater, an induced draft fan, a chimney, a steam turbine and a generator;
the gasification furnace is sequentially connected with the primary evaporator, the temperature reduction tower, the bag-type dust collector, the electric filter, the steam heater, the low-temperature SCR device and the GGH smoke heat exchanger through a flue;
the GGH flue gas heat exchanger comprises a flue gas inlet, a hot flue gas port, a cold flue gas port and a flue gas outlet, the low-temperature SCR device is connected to the flue gas inlet of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger through a flue, the hot flue gas port of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger is connected to the wet tower through a flue, the wet tower is connected back to the cold flue gas port of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger through a flue, and the flue gas outlet of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger is connected with the secondary combustion chamber through a flue;
the secondary combustion chamber is sequentially connected with the superheater, the secondary evaporator, the air preheater, the induced draft fan and the chimney through a flue;
the primary evaporator is additionally provided with a flue which is connected to the secondary evaporator, the secondary evaporator is additionally provided with a flue which is connected back to the superheater, the superheater is additionally provided with a flue which is connected to the steam turbine, the steam turbine is connected to the steam heater through the flue, and the steam turbine is connected with the generator.
Preferably, the electric filter further comprises a bag-type dust remover, wherein the bag-type dust remover is arranged in front of or behind the electric filter.
Preferably, the gasification furnace further comprises an air blower, the air blower is connected to the air preheater through a flue, and the air preheater is further provided with two flues which are respectively connected to the gasification furnace and the secondary combustion chamber.
An operation process of a high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system comprises the following steps:
step 1), garbage enters a gasification furnace from a feeding port of the gasification furnace, and gasification reaction is carried out under the action of high-temperature air to generate high-temperature flue gas;
step 2) the high-temperature flue gas enters a first-stage evaporator to exchange heat with the water fed into the first-stage evaporator, the temperature is reduced, the temperature is further reduced through a temperature reduction tower, then particles are removed through a bag-type dust remover, and tar is removed through an electric filter and further dust is removed;
the flue gas after dust removal in the step 3) passes through a steam heater, the flue gas is heated by steam extracted by a steam turbine, then enters a low-temperature SCR device for denitration, enters a GGH flue gas heat exchanger for heat exchange with flue gas at the outlet of a wet tower, enters the wet tower for deacidification, and then returns to the GGH flue gas heat exchanger for heating; at this time, the pollutants in the flue gas are removed completely;
step 4), the flue gas with the pollutants removed completely enters a secondary combustion chamber, secondary combustion is carried out under the action of high-temperature air, the high-temperature flue gas after combustion enters a superheater to heat steam, then enters a secondary evaporator to heat steam-water mixture, then enters an air preheater to heat air, and finally is sent into a chimney through a draught fan to be discharged to the atmosphere;
step 5), the water supply sequentially passes through a first-stage evaporator and a second-stage evaporator, is heated into saturated steam by high-temperature flue gas, then returns to the superheater by the second-stage evaporator, is heated into superheated steam, enters a steam turbine to apply work, and the steam turbine drives a generator to generate electricity; after a series of treatments, the water from the steam turbine is converted into high-pressure water supply, and the high-pressure water supply enters a first-stage evaporator for the next cycle; wherein, a small amount of steam is required to be extracted from the steam turbine to enter the steam heater for heating the flue gas.
Preferably, the high temperature flue gas entering the superheater in step 4) does not contain acid gases that can cause high temperature corrosion.
Preferably, the temperature of the superheated steam in the step 5) is more than or equal to 450 ℃.
Preferably, step 6) is further included: air at normal temperature and normal pressure is sent into an air preheater for heating after passing through an air blower; part of the heated high-temperature air enters a gasification furnace to carry out gasification reaction with garbage; the other part enters a secondary combustion chamber to perform combustion reaction with combustible gas in the flue gas so as to completely burn the flue gas.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system reasonably utilizes the sensible heat contained in the gasification gas to heat the evaporator of the steam-water system, and the temperature of the metal wall surface of the evaporator can be effectively reduced due to the lower temperature of the water side in the evaporator, so that the metal wall surface of the evaporator is protected, and corrosion of HCl in the gasification gas to metal at high temperature is prevented.
(2) The high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system of the invention utilizes the sensible heat in the gasification gas, removes pollutants contained in the gasification gas and then enters a secondary combustion chamber for combustion, and the flue gas has no HCl (or has extremely low content less than 5 mg/Nm) 3 ) And the like can generate high-temperature corrosion acid gas, can directly heat the superheater, effectively improve the steam temperature of the steam-water system and improve the energy utilization efficiency of the system.
(3) The high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system reasonably arranges the primary evaporator, the secondary evaporator, the superheater and the air preheater, thereby realizing the cascade utilization of energy sources.
(4) The high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system efficiently utilizes gasification gas after garbage gasification to realize a garbage incineration high-parameter (main steam temperature breaks through 450 ℃) thermal power generation system, and has popularization and application values.
(5) The equipment used by the high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system is mature equipment and is applied to engineering in the garbage incineration field and the coal gasification field; the equipment such as a wet deacidification tower, a cloth bag dust remover, an electric filter and the like is introduced, so that the high-efficiency removal of pollutants can be realized, and the ultra-low emission of the waste incineration project can be realized; the two-chamber flue gas is directly used for heating the superheater, so that the superheater has higher heat transfer end difference, the arrangement area of the superheater can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a high-parameter refuse gasification incineration power generation system;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of a GGH flue gas heat exchanger;
in the figure: 1. a gasification furnace; 2. a first-stage evaporator; 3. a temperature reducing tower; 4. a bag-type dust collector; 5. an electric filter; 6. a steam heater; 7. a low temperature SCR device; 8. GGH flue gas heat exchanger; 8-1, a flue gas inlet; 8-2, a hot flue gas port; 8-3, cold smoke ports; 8-4, a flue gas outlet; 9. a wet tower; 10. a secondary combustion chamber; 11. a superheater; 12. a secondary evaporator; 13. an air preheater; 14. an induced draft fan; 15. a chimney; 16. a steam turbine; 17. an air blower; 18. a generator; 19. and a water supply pump.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a gasification furnace 1, a primary evaporator 2, a temperature reduction tower 3, a bag-type dust collector 4, an electric filter 5, a steam heater 6, a low-temperature SCR device 7, a GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8, a wet tower 9, a secondary combustion chamber 10, a superheater 11, a secondary evaporator 12, an air preheater 13, an induced draft fan 14, a chimney 15, a steam turbine 16 and a generator 18.
The gasification furnace 1 is sequentially connected with the primary evaporator 2, the temperature reduction tower 3, the bag-type dust collector 4, the electric filter 5, the steam heater 6, the low-temperature SCR device 7 and the GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8 through a flue.
As shown in fig. 2, the GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8 includes a flue gas inlet 8-1, a hot flue gas port 8-2, a cold flue gas port 8-3 and a flue gas outlet 8-4, the low temperature SCR device 7 is connected to the flue gas inlet 8-1 of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8 through a flue, the hot flue gas port 8-2 of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8 is connected to the wet tower 9 through a flue, the wet tower 9 is connected back to the cold flue gas port 8-3 of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8 through a flue, and the flue gas outlet 8-4 of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8 is connected to the secondary combustion chamber 10 through a flue.
The secondary combustion chamber 10 is sequentially connected with the superheater 11, the secondary evaporator 12, the air preheater 13, the induced draft fan 14 and the chimney 15 through a flue.
The primary evaporator 2 is further provided with a flue connected to the secondary evaporator 12, the secondary evaporator 12 is further provided with a flue connected back to the superheater 11, the superheater 11 is further provided with a flue connected to the steam turbine 16, the steam turbine 16 is connected to the steam heater 6 through the flue, and the steam turbine 16 is connected with the generator 18.
In a preferred embodiment, the positions of the bag-type dust collector 4 and the electric filter 5 are interchangeable, and the arrangement of the bag-type dust collector 4 can be omitted for the electric filter 5 with higher dust collection efficiency.
As shown in fig. 1, the gasification furnace further comprises an air blower 17, the air blower 17 is connected to the air preheater 13 through a flue, and the air preheater 13 is further provided with two flues which are respectively connected to the gasification furnace 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 10.
Example 2
The high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system of the embodiment 1 is adopted for garbage incineration power generation, and as shown in fig. 1, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) The flow of garbage and flue gas is shown in the solid black line in fig. 1, and is the main flow of the system. The garbage enters the gasification furnace 1 from the feeding port of the gasification furnace 1, gasification reaction occurs under the action of high-temperature air, high-temperature smoke is generated, and the high-temperature smoke generated contains combustible gas components because the blown high-temperature air is insufficient for completely burning the garbage entering the gasification furnace 1. The high-temperature flue gas passes through the flue gas side of the primary evaporator 2, exchanges heat with high-pressure water supply which passes through the water supply side of the primary evaporator 2, passes through the temperature reduction tower 3 after the temperature is reduced, further reduces the temperature, then removes particles through the bag-type dust remover 4, removes tar and further removes dust through the electric filter 5, then heats the flue gas through the steam heater 6 by utilizing steam extracted by the steam turbine 16, then enters the low-temperature SCR device 7 for denitration, then enters the GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8 for heat exchange with the flue gas at the outlet of the wet tower 9, then enters the wet tower 9 for deacidification, and then returns to the GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8 for heating. At this time, pollutants in the flue gas (mainly particulate matters, HCl/SO 2 /H 2 S/NO x And acid gas) has been removed. Then enters a secondary combustion chamber 10, is burned out by secondary combustion under the action of high-temperature air, and the high-temperature flue gas (almost containing acid gas which can cause high-temperature corrosion such as HCl) after combustion enters a superheater 11 to heat steamThen the air enters a secondary evaporator 12 to heat the steam-water mixture, then enters an air preheater 13 to heat the air, and finally is sent into a chimney 15 to be discharged to the atmosphere through a draught fan 14.
After the temperature is reduced by the temperature reducing tower 3, a small amount of tar can be separated out from the flue gas, and meanwhile, the electrical filter 5 can capture the tar, and the tar can be sent into the secondary combustion chamber 10 for combustion through an atomizing nozzle.
(2) The water/water vapor flow is shown in dotted lines in fig. 1. The water supply is fed into the system by a water supply pump 19, sequentially passes through the primary evaporator 2 and the secondary evaporator 12, is heated into saturated steam by high-temperature flue gas, then returns to the superheater 11 by the secondary evaporator 12, is heated into superheated steam, enters the steam turbine 16 to apply work, and the steam turbine 16 drives the generator 18 to generate power. The water from the turbine 16 is converted to high pressure feed water after a series of treatments and enters the primary evaporator 2 for the next cycle. Wherein a small amount of steam needs to be extracted from the steam turbine 16 into the steam heater 6 for heating the flue gas.
(3) The air flow is shown in fig. 1 by the dashed black line. After passing through the air blower 17, the air with normal temperature and normal pressure is sent into the air preheater 13 for heating, one part of the heated high-temperature air enters the gasification furnace 1 to carry out gasification reaction with garbage, and the other part enters the secondary combustion chamber 10 to carry out combustion reaction with combustible gas in the flue gas, so that the combustion is complete.
Example 3
The scheme of example 2 was used for garbage incineration power generation, and specific parameters were set as follows:
(1) The feeding amount of the garbage is 600t/d, the heat value of the garbage is 1800kcal/kg, the air quantity entering the gasification furnace is 35361kg/h, the air temperature is 300 ℃, the high-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the gasification furnace 1 is 740 ℃, the flue gas quantity is 54076kg/h, the flue gas temperature is reduced to 180 ℃ after heat exchange by the primary evaporator 2, the flue gas temperature is reduced to 140 ℃ after temperature reduction by the temperature reduction tower 3, and then the flue gas temperature is basically unchanged after passing through the bag-type dust collector 4 and the electric filter 5. Then enters a steam heater 6, 2.5MPa/384 ℃ steam is extracted from a steam turbine 16 for 1.35t/h, the flue gas is heated to 180 ℃, the flue gas is subjected to denitration by a low-temperature SCR device 7, enters a GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8, the temperature is reduced to 125 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 65 ℃ after passing through a wet tower 9, the flue gas is returned to the GGH flue gas heat exchanger 8 and is heated to 120 ℃, and the flue gas enters a secondary combustion chamber 10 and is mixed with 77794kg/h air for combustion, wherein the air temperature is 300 ℃. The temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 10 is about 989 ℃, the flow rate of the flue gas is 131870kg/h, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 773 ℃ through the superheater 11, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 350 ℃ through the secondary evaporator 12, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 140 ℃ through the air preheater 13, and the flue gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the induced draft fan 14 and the chimney 15.
(2) The water supply temperature is 130 ℃, the water supply pressure is 9.2MPa, and the water is evaporated into saturated steam after sequentially passing through the primary evaporator 2 and the secondary evaporator 12, and the temperature is about 305 ℃. From the secondary evaporator 12 back to the superheater 11, the saturated steam turns into superheated steam at a temperature of 540 ℃. The superheated steam flow rate is about 51.7t/h, and the power of the matched generator is about 14MW.
(3) Ambient air with an atmospheric temperature of 25 ℃ and 113155kg/h enters the air preheater 13 through the air blower 17 and is heated to 300 ℃ and enters the gasifier 1 (35361 kg/h, about 45%) and the secondary combustion chamber 10 (77794 kg/h, about 55%).
According to calculation, the energy utilization efficiency of the high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system is about 26.3%.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains should fall within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace, a primary evaporator, a temperature reduction tower, a bag-type dust remover, an electric filter, a steam heater, a low-temperature SCR device, a GGH flue gas heat exchanger, a wet tower, a secondary combustion chamber, a superheater, a secondary evaporator, an air preheater, an induced draft fan, a chimney, a steam turbine and a generator;
the gasification furnace is sequentially connected with the primary evaporator, the temperature reduction tower, the bag-type dust collector, the electric filter, the steam heater, the low-temperature SCR device and the GGH smoke heat exchanger through a flue;
the GGH flue gas heat exchanger comprises a flue gas inlet, a hot flue gas port, a cold flue gas port and a flue gas outlet, the low-temperature SCR device is connected to the flue gas inlet of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger through a flue, the hot flue gas port of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger is connected to the wet tower through a flue, the wet tower is connected back to the cold flue gas port of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger through a flue, and the flue gas outlet of the GGH flue gas heat exchanger is connected with the secondary combustion chamber through a flue;
the secondary combustion chamber is sequentially connected with the superheater, the secondary evaporator, the air preheater, the induced draft fan and the chimney through a flue;
the primary evaporator is additionally provided with a flue which is connected to the secondary evaporator, the secondary evaporator is additionally provided with a flue which is connected back to the superheater, the superheater is additionally provided with a flue which is connected to the steam turbine, the steam turbine is connected to the steam heater through the flue, and the steam turbine is connected with the generator.
2. The high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising an air blower, wherein the air blower is connected to the air preheater through a flue, and the air preheater is further provided with two flues which are respectively connected to the gasifier and the secondary combustion chamber.
3. The operation process of the high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:
step 1), garbage enters a gasification furnace from a feeding port of the gasification furnace, and gasification reaction is carried out under the action of high-temperature air to generate high-temperature flue gas;
step 2) the high-temperature flue gas enters a first-stage evaporator to exchange heat with the water fed into the first-stage evaporator, the temperature is reduced, the temperature is further reduced through a temperature reduction tower, then particles are removed through a bag-type dust remover, and tar is removed through an electric filter and further dust is removed;
the flue gas after dust removal in the step 3) passes through a steam heater, the flue gas is heated by steam extracted by a steam turbine, then enters a low-temperature SCR device for denitration, enters a GGH flue gas heat exchanger for heat exchange with flue gas at the outlet of a wet tower, enters the wet tower for deacidification, and then returns to the GGH flue gas heat exchanger for heating; at this time, the pollutants in the flue gas are removed completely;
step 4), the flue gas with the pollutants removed completely enters a secondary combustion chamber, secondary combustion is carried out under the action of high-temperature air, the high-temperature flue gas after combustion enters a superheater to heat steam, then enters a secondary evaporator to heat steam-water mixture, then enters an air preheater to heat air, and finally is sent into a chimney through a draught fan to be discharged to the atmosphere;
step 5), the water supply sequentially passes through a first-stage evaporator and a second-stage evaporator, is heated into saturated steam by high-temperature flue gas, then returns to the superheater by the second-stage evaporator, is heated into superheated steam, enters a steam turbine to apply work, and the steam turbine drives a generator to generate electricity; after a series of treatments, the water from the steam turbine is converted into high-pressure water supply, and the high-pressure water supply enters a first-stage evaporator for the next cycle; wherein, a small amount of steam is required to be extracted from the steam turbine to enter the steam heater for heating the flue gas.
4. A process for operating a high parameter refuse gasification incineration power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the high temperature flue gas entering the superheater in step 4) does not contain acid gas which can cause high temperature corrosion.
5. The process for operating a high-parameter garbage gasification incineration power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the superheated steam in the step 5) is not less than 450 ℃.
6. The process for operating a high-parameter refuse-gasification incineration power generation system according to claim 3, further comprising step 6): air at normal temperature and normal pressure is sent into an air preheater for heating after passing through an air blower; part of the heated high-temperature air enters a gasification furnace to carry out gasification reaction with garbage; the other part enters a secondary combustion chamber to perform combustion reaction with combustible gas in the flue gas so as to completely burn the flue gas.
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| JPH06147442A (en) * | 1992-11-16 | 1994-05-27 | Chiyoda Corp | Refuse incinerating facility |
| JP2000304235A (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2000-11-02 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Method and apparatus for controlling gasification melting system for waste |
| JP4495353B2 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2010-07-07 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Method and apparatus for recovering energy from waste gasification gas |
| DE102008054038B3 (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-04-29 | Karlsruher Institut für Technologie | Method and device for reducing pollutant emissions in incinerators |
| CN205297664U (en) * | 2015-11-21 | 2016-06-08 | 青岛科技大学 | Garbage pyrolytic gasification burning step power generation system |
| DE102016103741A1 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2017-09-07 | Technische Universität Darmstadt | Apparatus and method for thermally coupling a waste incineration plant and a seawater desalination plant |
| CN208332267U (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-01-04 | 北京中冶设备研究设计总院有限公司 | A kind of refuse pyrolysis treatment device with prebake |
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