CN113901539A - Automatic identification and application method for shaft network of CAD drawing of building and structure - Google Patents

Automatic identification and application method for shaft network of CAD drawing of building and structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113901539A
CN113901539A CN202111047878.7A CN202111047878A CN113901539A CN 113901539 A CN113901539 A CN 113901539A CN 202111047878 A CN202111047878 A CN 202111047878A CN 113901539 A CN113901539 A CN 113901539A
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China
Prior art keywords
network
building
axis
extracted
axle
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CN202111047878.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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凡晓波
张友三
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Changsha Fanyi Parameter Information Technology Co ltd
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Changsha Fanyi Parameter Information Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111047878.7A priority Critical patent/CN113901539A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/13Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/02Reliability analysis or reliability optimisation; Failure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA]

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic identification method of an axle network of a building and structure CAD drawing, which comprises the following steps: s1, initializing a drawing; s2, reading drawing elements; s3, analyzing drawing elements, and preliminarily extracting an axis network object; and S4, finding the missing axis network object. The invention also discloses an application method of the shaft network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure. Compared with the prior art, the automatic identification method for the axis network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure can accurately extract the axis network information, and can apply the extracted axis network information to BIM modeling, help to solve the problem of automatic global positioning of a single modeling object in the BIM modeling process, and improve the automation degree and efficiency of the BIM modeling.

Description

Automatic identification and application method for shaft network of CAD drawing of building and structure
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building information models, and particularly relates to an automatic identification and application method of a shaft network of a building and structure CAD drawing.
Background
In the field of construction, building information modeling and management (BIM) is widely recognized as a new tool that can improve production efficiency and delivery quality. The BIM may provide a visual building model for a building project. In the prior art, manual die-turning is performed according to the two-dimensional CAD drawing content, so that a BIM model is formed, the time is long, and a large amount of financial resources and material resources are required to be consumed. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a technology capable of automatically converting the CAD construction drawing into the BIM model.
In developing a technology capable of automatically converting a CAD (computer-aided design) construction drawing into a BIM (building information modeling) model, the problem of automatic identification of an axle network needs to be solved. The shaft net is a net composed of building axes, is artificially marked on the central line of a symmetrical interface or a section component according to the common convention standard in order to mark the detailed size of the component in the building drawing. The shaft net is a main body frame for building drawing, and main supporting members of the building are positioned and arranged according to the shaft net to achieve the purpose of well-ordering.
In the prior art, a technical scheme for extracting an axis network object by finding an axis network layer is disclosed.
The existing technology has the disadvantages that because the sources of the existing building and structure CAD drawings are complex, the drawing specifications of the drawings are not uniform, and in the actual situation, a large number of axle networks in the building and structure CAD drawings are not all placed in the same axle network, or other characteristics are mixed in axle network layers, under the condition, the method in the prior art is adopted, the condition that axle network information is not extracted in a missing way or more than axle network objects are extracted can occur, so the axle network extraction method in the prior art has poor applicability and inaccurate extracted information.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Based on the method, the invention provides an automatic identification and application method of the axle network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure, and aims to solve the technical problems that the axle network extraction method in the prior art is poor in applicability and inaccurate in extracted information.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an automatic axle network identification method of a CAD drawing of a building and a structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, initializing drawing
S11, determining the range of the shaft network to be extracted according to the CAD drawing of the building and the structure;
s12, frying all the picture blocks in the range of the scroll net needing to be extracted into a basic object;
s2, drawing element reading
Reading a basic object in a range needing to extract the shaft network;
s3, analyzing drawing elements, and primarily extracting an axis network object
Analyzing the scale objects in the range of the shaft network to be extracted, and finding out all scale objects which are connected end to end and form a maximum enclosing area together; finding out a line segment which is coincident with the size boundary line forming the maximum bounding area, then finding out all round objects which are connected with the line segment in the range of the axis network needing to be extracted, and analyzing the round objects, wherein if the round objects simultaneously meet the following three conditions:
condition 1: the round object contains a character object;
condition 2: there is a line segment connected to the edge line of the round object;
condition 3: finding out a line segment which is transversely or longitudinally overlapped with the line segment connected with the round object according to the line segment, wherein the line segment is set as an axis network auxiliary line which is the longest transverse line or vertical line in the range needing to extract the axis network;
then the circle object and the line segment connected with the side line of the circle object are the initial extraction axis network object; s4, finding the missing axis net object
From the initially extracted axial network object analyzed in step S3, the following information can be obtained: the size of the axis net circle, the layer of the axis net character, the layer of the axis net line segment and the layer of the axis net auxiliary line;
and finding out the missing axis network objects by utilizing the reverse search of the information, wherein the missing axis network objects and the initial extracted axis network objects obtained in the step S4 jointly form all axis network objects.
Preferably, the CAD drawing of the building and structure in step S11 is a plan view of the project building standard floor, and the plan view of the project building standard floor is a file in the format of.
Preferably, in step S11, the determining the range in which the shaft network needs to be extracted includes two ways:
the first method is as follows: cutting the standard layer plan into a file only containing a single frame according to the range determined by each frame in the standard layer plan;
the second method comprises the following steps: the extent to which the axicon needs to be extracted is determined by manually framing a single frame in the standard layer plan.
Preferably, the basic object in step S12 includes: circle, straight line, multiple line segments, polygon, text, dimension line.
Preferably, when the area of the axis network required to be extracted in step S12 includes the tile definition with the attribute, the attribute characters need to be restored; the step S12 is followed by the step S2 and further comprises:
and S13, zeroing all Z coordinates of the objects within the range of the axis network needing to be extracted.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps before step S1: checking whether a plan of a project building standard layer can be normally opened by using AutoCAD software and normally displaying; when the plan of the project building standard layer is a file in the dwg format, which is drawn by non-original CAD software, the file needs to be converted into a native file.
Preferably, the automatic identification method for the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing further includes: s5, according to all the axis net objects obtained in the step S4, the intersection points of all the axis nets in different directions are extracted in the area enclosed by all the axis net objects, and the intersection points comprise the coordinate information of the intersection points and the information of two axis nets forming the intersection points; taking the intersection point which is closest to the lower left corner of the maximum bounding area in all the intersection points as a reference point; and calculating the relative coordinate information from all the intersection points to the reference points, finishing the extraction of the axis network information, and taking the extracted axis network information as a main axis network of the project building.
Preferably, the automatic identification method for the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing further includes: s6, storage of shaft network information
And saving the axis network information extracted in the S5 into a txt file, and saving the txt file into a cloud database to finish the storage of the axis network information.
Preferably, the relative coordinate information in step S5 is: the distance between the intersection point and the reference point and the angle information are included angle information between a connecting line of each intersection point and the reference point and the positive direction of the X coordinate axis.
The invention also discloses an application method of the shaft network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure, which comprises the following steps: in the BIM modeling process, after modeling is completed according to the building drawing or the structure drawing, the deviation conversion is carried out on the main shaft network of the project building obtained by the above method according to the shaft network data of each modeling object in the building drawing or the structure drawing, and then the space positioning of each building model is automatically realized by combining the elevation data.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the automatic identification and application method of the shaft network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure has the advantages that:
the automatic identification method of the axle network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure can assist in quickly filtering the axle network information in the drawing identification process of the drawing structure drawing of the building; the axis network information can be accurately extracted, the extracted axis network information can be applied to BIM modeling, the problem of automatic global positioning of a single modeling object in a project building in the BIM modeling process is solved, and the automation degree and efficiency of BIM modeling are improved. The extracted shaft network information can be utilized to carry out unified coordinate positioning on all architectural drawing structure diagrams; and establishing a projection relation of the elevation map through the axis network information and the elevation map.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a project building standard floor in the automatic identification method of the axis network of the CAD drawing of the building and structure according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an initial extracted axis network object obtained by analyzing the diagram in FIG. 1 by using the automatic axis network identification method of the CAD drawing of the building and structure of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing that the automatic identification method of the building and structure CAD drawing is used for analyzing the diagram of FIG. 1 to find out missing shaft network objects;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of all the axle network objects obtained by analyzing the FIG. 1 by the automatic axle network identification method of the CAD drawing of the building and structure;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing effects of the method of FIG. 1 excluding analyzed objects such as the axis net and the scale;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of the method for automatically identifying the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing according to the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The automatic identification method of the axle network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure is further described with reference to the attached drawings 1-6.
Referring to fig. 6, the invention discloses an automatic axle network identification method for a building and structure CAD drawing, which comprises the following steps:
s1, initializing drawing
And S11, determining the range of the shaft network to be extracted according to the CAD drawing of the building and the structure.
And S12, frying all the picture blocks in the range of the scroll net needing to be extracted into a basic object.
And S13, zeroing all Z coordinates of the objects within the range of the axis network needing to be extracted.
S2, drawing element reading
Reading the basic object in the range of the extraction shaft network.
S3, analyzing drawing elements, and primarily extracting an axis network object
And analyzing the scale objects in the range of the shaft network to be extracted, and finding out all scale objects which are connected end to end and form a maximum enclosing area together. Finding out a line segment which is coincident with the size boundary line forming the maximum bounding area, then finding out all round objects which are connected with the line segment in the range of the axis network needing to be extracted, and analyzing the round objects, wherein if the round objects simultaneously meet the following three conditions:
condition 1: the circle object contains a text object.
Condition 2: there are line segments connected to the edges of the circular object.
Condition 3: and finding a line segment which is transversely or longitudinally coincident with the line segment connected with the round object according to the line segment, wherein the line segment is set as an axis network auxiliary line which is the longest transverse line or vertical line in the range needing to extract the axis network.
The circle object and the line segment connected to the edge line of the circle object are the initial extraction axis net object.
S4, finding the missing axis net object
From the initially extracted axial network object analyzed in step S3, the following information can be obtained: the size of the axis net circle, the layer of the axis net character, the layer of the axis net line segment and the layer of the axis net auxiliary line.
And finding out the missing axis network objects by utilizing the reverse search of the information, wherein the missing axis network objects and the initial extracted axis network objects obtained in the step S4 jointly form all axis network objects.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the CAD drawing of the building and structure in the step S11 is embodied as a plan view of a standard floor of a project building, and the plan view of the standard floor of the project building is a file in a dwg format.
In the above embodiment, a plan view of a standard floor of a project building as shown in fig. 1 is selected.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a preliminary extracted axis network object obtained by analyzing fig. 1 by using the automatic axis network identification method of the building and structure CAD drawing of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing that the method for automatically identifying the axle network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure is used for analyzing the diagram 1 and finding out the missing axle network objects.
Fig. 4 shows all the axis network objects obtained by analyzing fig. 1 by the automatic axis network identification method of the building and structure CAD drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an effect diagram of fig. 1 with analyzed objects such as the axle net and the scale removed, in which information such as the axle net and the scale is removed and can be used as a basic drawing for identifying other components, and interference factors in the identification process of other components are removed, so that the identification accuracy is improved, and the identification difficulty of other components is reduced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S11, the range in which the axle net needs to be extracted includes two modes:
the first method is as follows: the standard layer plan is cut into a file containing only a single frame by the range determined for each frame in the standard layer plan.
The second method comprises the following steps: the extent to which the axicon needs to be extracted is determined by manually framing a single frame in the standard layer plan.
It should be noted that:
(1) in step S12, all the tiles within the area of the scroll grid to be extracted are exploded into the basic object, which means that the tiles are decomposed by applying the decomposition command of Auto-CAD. The base object includes: a circle object, a line object, a multi-line segment object, a polygon object, a text object, a ruler object, etc.
(2) In step S2, all the objects within the range in which the axis network needs to be extracted are classified by type, and the classification includes: a circle object, a line object, a multi-line segment object, a polygon object, a text object, a ruler object. The scale object is a size, which is composed of a size boundary line, a size start-stop symbol, and a size number.
(3) In step S4, the reverse search means: according to the information such as the size of the axis network circle, the layer of the axis network characters, the layer of the axis network line segments, the layer of the axis network auxiliary lines and the like in the axis network object, other axis network objects are searched in the range where the axis network needs to be extracted, and the missing axis network objects are found in the mode. Such as: and searching other circles with the same size as the axle network circles in the image layer of the axle network circles, wherein the circles are the missed axle network objects. Of course, the missing axis network objects can be found through the layer of the axis network auxiliary line, the layer of the axis network line segment and the layer of the axis network character respectively.
In the concrete implementation, when the provided CAD drawing of the building and the structure is more standard (the standard means that the axle net characters are in the same layer, the axle net circles, the axle net auxiliary lines, the axle net line sections and the like are respectively in the same layer, or the axle net circles, the axle net auxiliary lines, the axle net line sections and the like are in the same layer together), the missing axle net features can be quickly and accurately found through the mode. If the quality of the provided CAD drawing of the building and the structure is low, after the reverse searching step, manual verification needs to be carried out on the reverse searching result, and the accuracy of the object is ensured through manual debugging and selection or manual adding of missing options. However, whether a step of manual verification is added or not, the efficiency of the automatic identification method for the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing is still greatly improved compared with the efficiency of the existing manual rollover operation mode.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the basic object in step S12 includes: circle, straight line, multiple line segments, polygon, text, dimension line.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, when the area of the axis network required to be extracted in step S12 includes the tile definition with the attribute, the attribute text needs to be restored.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, before step S1, the method further includes the following steps: and checking whether the plan of the project building standard layer can be normally opened by using AutoCAD software and normally displaying. When the plan of the project building standard layer is a file in the dwg format, which is drawn by non-original CAD software, the file needs to be converted into a native file.
According to the specific implementation manner of the invention, the automatic identification method of the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing further comprises the following steps: and S5, acquiring all axis net objects in the step S4, and extracting the intersection points of all the axis nets in different directions in the area enclosed by all the axis net objects, wherein the intersection points comprise the coordinate information of the intersection points and the information of the two axis nets forming the intersection points. And taking the intersection point which is closest to the lower left corner of the maximum bounding region in all the intersection points as a reference point. And calculating the relative coordinate information from all the intersection points to the reference points, finishing the extraction of the axis network information, and taking the extracted axis network information as a main axis network of the project building.
In specific implementation, if there are supplementary spindle meshes in other drawings, the supplementary spindle meshes can be added to the spindle mesh in step S5.
According to the specific implementation manner of the invention, the automatic identification method of the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing further comprises the following steps:
s6, storage of shaft network information
And saving the axis network information extracted in the S5 into a txt file, and saving the txt file into a cloud database to finish the storage of the axis network information.
In the embodiment, the range of the axis network to be extracted is determined by the plan view of the standard floor of the project building, and is used for extracting the main axis network information of the building. Because the building standard layer corresponding to the plan view of the project building standard layer is beneficial to extracting the main shaft network information, and the accuracy of extracting the shaft network is improved.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the relative coordinate information in step S5 refers to: the distance between the intersection point and the reference point and the angle information are included angle information between a connecting line of each intersection point and the reference point and the positive direction of the X coordinate axis. The expression mode of the relative coordinates is not a conventional expression mode in Auto-CAD software drawing, namely the position of the intersection point of the axis network is accurately determined through the parameters of the distance and the included angle of the intersection point of the axis network relative to the reference point.
Of course, in the implementation, other expressions of relative coordinates can be adopted, and the position of the axis network intersection point can also be accurately determined, such as the increment parameters of the X axis and the Y axis of the axis network intersection point relative to the reference point.
The invention also discloses an application method of the shaft network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure, which comprises the following steps: in the BIM modeling process, after modeling is completed according to the building drawing or the structure drawing, the deviation conversion is carried out on the main axis network of the project building obtained in the above embodiment according to the axis network data of each modeling object in the building drawing or the structure drawing, and then the space positioning of each building model is automatically realized by combining the elevation data.
In conclusion, the method for automatically identifying the axle network of the CAD drawing of the building and the structure can assist in quickly filtering the axle network information in the drawing identification process of the drawing structure drawing of the building; the axle network information can be accurately extracted.
The axis network information extracted by the automatic identification method of the axis network of the building and structure CAD drawing is applied to BIM modeling, the problem of automatic global positioning of a single modeling object in a project building in the BIM modeling process is solved, and the automation degree and efficiency of BIM modeling are improved.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic axle network identification method for a CAD drawing of a building and a structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, initializing drawing
S11, determining the range of the shaft network to be extracted according to the CAD drawing of the building and the structure;
s12, frying all the picture blocks in the range of the scroll net needing to be extracted into a basic object;
s2, drawing element reading
Reading a basic object in a range needing to extract the shaft network;
s3, analyzing drawing elements, and primarily extracting an axis network object
Analyzing the scale objects in the range of the shaft network to be extracted, and finding out all scale objects which are connected end to end and form a maximum enclosing area together; finding out a line segment which is coincident with the size boundary line forming the maximum bounding area, then finding out all round objects which are connected with the line segment in the range of the axis network needing to be extracted, and analyzing the round objects, wherein if the round objects simultaneously meet the following three conditions:
condition 1: the round object contains a character object;
condition 2: there is a line segment connected to the edge line of the round object;
condition 3: finding out a line segment which is transversely or longitudinally overlapped with the line segment connected with the round object according to the line segment, wherein the line segment is set as an axis network auxiliary line which is the longest transverse line or vertical line in the range needing to extract the axis network;
then the circle object and the line segment connected with the side line of the circle object are the initial extraction axis network object;
s4, finding the missing axis net object
From the initially extracted axial network object analyzed in step S3, the following information can be obtained: the size of the axis net circle, the layer of the axis net character, the layer of the axis net line segment and the layer of the axis net auxiliary line;
and finding out the missing axis network objects by utilizing the reverse search of the information, wherein the missing axis network objects and the initial extracted axis network objects obtained in the step S4 jointly form all axis network objects.
2. The method for automatically identifying an axis network of a building and structure CAD drawing of claim 1, wherein the building and structure CAD drawing in step S11 is embodied as a plan view of a project building standard floor, and the plan view of the project building standard floor is a file in a format of.dwg.
3. The method for automatically identifying the axle network of the CAD drawing for building and structure according to claim 1, wherein in step S11, the range for extracting the axle network is determined by two methods:
the first method is as follows: cutting the standard layer plan into a file only containing a single frame according to the range determined by each frame in the standard layer plan;
the second method comprises the following steps: the extent to which the axicon needs to be extracted is determined by manually framing a single frame in the standard layer plan.
4. The method for automatically identifying the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing according to claim 1, wherein the basic object in step S12 includes: circle, straight line, multiple line segments, polygon, text, dimension line.
5. The automatic identification method for the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing as recited in claim 1, wherein when the area of the axle network required to be extracted in step S12 includes the tile definition with the attribute, the attribute text is required to be restored; the step S12 is followed by the step S2 and further comprises:
and S13, zeroing all Z coordinates of the objects within the range of the axis network needing to be extracted.
6. The method for automatically identifying the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing of claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises the following steps before step S1: checking whether a plan of a project building standard layer can be normally opened by using AutoCAD software and normally displaying; when the plan of the project building standard layer is a file in the dwg format, which is drawn by non-original CAD software, the file needs to be converted into a native file.
7. The method for automatically identifying the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the method for automatically identifying the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing further comprises:
s5, according to all the axis net objects obtained in the step S4, the intersection points of all the axis nets in different directions are extracted in the area enclosed by all the axis net objects, and the intersection points comprise the coordinate information of the intersection points and the information of two axis nets forming the intersection points; taking the intersection point which is closest to the lower left corner of the maximum bounding area in all the intersection points as a reference point; and calculating the relative coordinate information from all the intersection points to the reference points, finishing the extraction of the axis network information, and taking the extracted axis network information as a main axis network of the project building.
8. The method for automatically identifying the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing according to claim 7, characterized in that the method for automatically identifying the axle network of the building and structure CAD drawing further comprises:
s6, storage of shaft network information
And saving the axis network information extracted in the S5 into a txt file, and saving the txt file into a cloud database to finish the storage of the axis network information.
9. The method for automatically identifying the axle network of the CAD drawing for building and structure according to claim 7, wherein the relative coordinate information in step S5 is: the distance between the intersection point and the reference point and the angle information are included angle information between a connecting line of each intersection point and the reference point and the positive direction of the X coordinate axis.
10. An application method of a shaft network of a CAD drawing of a building and a structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the BIM modeling process, after modeling is completed according to a building drawing or a structure drawing, the main shaft network of the project building obtained according to any one of claims 7 to 9 is subjected to offset conversion according to the shaft network data of each modeling object in the building drawing or the structure drawing, and then the spatial positioning of each building model is automatically realized by combining elevation data.
CN202111047878.7A 2021-09-08 2021-09-08 Automatic identification and application method for shaft network of CAD drawing of building and structure Pending CN113901539A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112801620A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-05-14 万翼科技有限公司 Engineering information processing method, device, equipment and storage medium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112801620A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-05-14 万翼科技有限公司 Engineering information processing method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN112801620B (en) * 2021-01-29 2022-08-19 万翼科技有限公司 Engineering information processing method, device, equipment and storage medium

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