CN113899274B - A surveying ruler for measuring building inclination - Google Patents

Abstract

A surveying ruler for measuring building inclination comprises a support base placed on the ground, a support rod is vertically connected to the support base; the support rod comprises an inner rod and an outer rod connected inside and outside, a screw hole is opened at the upper end of the outer rod, a metal caliper is sleeved on the upper end of the outer rod, a locking knob is screwed on the side of the metal caliper, the tail end of the locking knob passes through the screw hole of the outer rod and abuts on the inner rod to lock the relative position of the inner rod and the outer rod; a plane leveling bubble is provided on the top surface of the metal caliper, and the plane leveling bubble is used to detect the vertical state of the support rod; the upper end of the inner rod is horizontally connected to the surveying ruler body through a fine-tuning shaft, the surveying ruler body comprises a ruler with a scale, a one-dimensional leveling bubble is provided on the ruler, and the one-dimensional leveling bubble is used to detect the horizontal state of the ruler. The present invention can ensure that the ruler is level with the earth regardless of whether it is operated by manually holding the ruler or setting up the ruler in advance, thereby greatly improving the inclination measurement accuracy.

Description

A surveying ruler for measuring building inclination

Technical Field

The invention relates to a surveying ruler, in particular to a surveying ruler for measuring building inclination.

Background technique

Affected by various factors, buildings may tilt and deform during use, thus creating safety hazards. Therefore, buildings are generally subject to regular tilt monitoring. The most commonly used method for measuring the tilt of residential buildings is the theodolite projection method, that is, if the height h of the building is known, the theodolite is placed on the same vertical line as the top observation point, and then the projection length x of the top observation point projected onto the horizontal plane of the bottom observation point is measured with an instrument to obtain the tilt angle. . To measure this projection length x, you need to use a ruler.

At present, rulers or tape measures are used to observe the projection length, but there are still some shortcomings in the actual operation process. First, manually placing the ruler cannot ensure that the ruler is level with the ground, which will inevitably cause errors. Secondly, during the measurement process, two or more surveyors are required, which wastes manpower in special circumstances. Furthermore, if the bottom observation point is at a higher position, it will be difficult to use the traditional method of placing the ruler.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention provides a surveying ruler for measuring building inclination which is simple in structure and convenient to use and is used for measuring house inclination.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a surveying ruler for measuring building inclination, comprising a support base placed on the ground, a support rod vertically connected to the support base; the support rod comprises an inner rod and an outer rod connected to an inner and outer sleeve, a screw hole is opened at the upper end of the outer rod, a metal caliper is sleeved on the upper end of the outer rod, a locking knob is screwed on the side of the metal caliper, the tail end of the locking knob passes through the screw hole of the outer rod and abuts on the inner rod to lock the relative position of the inner rod and the outer rod; a plane leveling bubble is provided on the top surface of the metal caliper, and the plane leveling bubble is used to detect the vertical state of the support rod; a metal cone is connected to the lower end of the outer rod, and an external thread is provided on the outer rod and above the metal cone;

The support base is a triangular metal base with a certain weight. The center of the top surface of the metal base is provided with a conical hole that is plugged into the metal cone. A threaded sleeve is vertically connected to the top of the conical hole. The threaded sleeve is provided with an internal thread that is screwed into the external thread. The three corners of the bottom surface of the metal base are respectively connected with a base foot, and the base foot is covered with rubber to increase the grip.

The upper end of the inner rod is horizontally connected to the surveying ruler body through a fine-tuning shaft. The fine-tuning shaft includes a universal ball seat and a universal ball. The universal ball seat is connected to the top of the inner rod. The universal ball is rotatably arranged in the universal ball seat. The top of the universal ball is connected to the middle part of the surveying ruler body through a connecting rod. Marks are respectively provided on the universal ball seat and the universal ball. When the two marks coincide, it indicates that the surveying ruler body and the supporting rod are in a vertical state. The surveying ruler body includes a ruler with a scale. A one-dimensional leveling bubble is provided on the ruler. The one-dimensional leveling bubble is used to detect the horizontal state of the ruler.

Preferably, the ruler is made of wooden material, a one-dimensional leveling bubble is arranged on the upper edge of the ruler, and scales are painted on the ruler along its length direction.

Preferably, the outer rod is made of a carbon fiber hollow rod, and the inner rod is made of a composite light metal material.

Preferably, the one-dimensional leveling bubble is a bubble level, and the plane leveling bubble is a vial bubble.

The principle of the present invention is:

(1) When measuring by one person and the ground around the observation point of the building is hard and flat, screw the support rod into the support base, connect the instrument, adjust the length of the inner rod to the height of the observation point, and then adjust the fine-tuning shaft to make the ruler horizontal. The leveling method is to adjust the fine-tuning shaft until the one-dimensional leveling bubble is in the center position. Then the surveyor can return to the theodolite for single-person observation.

(2) When multiple people are measuring or the ground around the observation point is uneven, unscrew the support rod from the support base. The surveyor uses the universal ball seat and the mark on the universal ball to adjust the ruler to a perpendicular position to the support rod. Then, find a point 10-20 cm outside the observation point along the wall and place the metal cone of the support rod on it. Hold the support rod and adjust the plane leveling bubble until the bubble is in the center circle. At the same time, the observer quickly reads the scale of the ruler.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) By designing leveling bubbles on both the support rod and the ruler, the ruler can be kept level with the ground regardless of whether it is manually supported or set up in advance. Compared with the existing technology, the inclinometer accuracy is greatly improved.

(2) The support rod and support base are designed to flexibly adapt to different measurement environments. When a single person is measuring and the ground around the building observation point is hard and flat, the support base can be used to steadily place the surveying ruler on the ground, greatly facilitating daily measurement operations. When multiple people are measuring or the ground around the observation point is uneven, the support rod and support base can be separated, and the support rod universal ball seat and the mark on the universal ball, the plane leveling bubble and the metal cone can be used to manually level the ruler and quickly read the reading. The support rod can be raised or lowered when it is inconvenient to measure the bottom observation point.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a support rod and a surveying ruler body in the present invention.

FIG. 2 a is a side view of the support base of the present invention.

FIG. 2 b is a top view of the support base in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the use of the present invention.

Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Ruler; 2. One-dimensional leveling bubble; 3. Fine-tuning shaft; 4. Inner rod; 5. Plane leveling bubble; 6. Metal caliper; 7. Locking knob; 8. Outer rod; 9. External thread; 10. Metal cone; 11. Internal thread; 12. Metal base; 13. Base foot; 14. Theodolite; 15. Building.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Referring to the attached drawings, a surveying ruler for measuring building inclination includes a support base placed on the ground, and a support rod is vertically connected to the support base; the support rod includes an inner rod 4 and an outer rod 8 connected inside and outside, and a screw hole is opened at the upper end of the outer rod 8, and a metal caliper 6 is sleeved on the upper end of the outer rod 8, and a locking knob 7 is screwed on the side of the metal caliper 6, and the tail end of the locking knob 7 passes through the screw hole of the outer rod 8 and abuts against the inner rod to lock the relative position of the inner rod and the outer rod; a plane leveling bubble 5 is provided on the top surface of the metal caliper 6, and the plane leveling bubble 5 is a level bubble, and the plane leveling bubble 5 is used to detect the vertical state of the support rod; when it needs to be raised or lowered, the inner rod 4 can be extended from the inside of the outer rod 8, and the length of the support rod is fixed by a locking device. The outer rod 8 is a hollow carbon fiber rod, which can reduce weight. The inner rod 4 is made of composite light metal material to ensure sufficient rigidity. The lower end of the outer rod 8 is connected to a metal cone 10, and an external thread is provided on the outer rod and above the metal cone 10;

The support base is a triangular metal base 12 with a certain weight. The center of the top surface of the metal base 12 is provided with a conical hole that is plugged into the metal cone 10. The top of the conical hole is vertically connected with a threaded sleeve, and the threaded sleeve is provided with an internal thread 11 that is screwed with the external thread 9. The three corners of the bottom surface of the metal base 12 are respectively connected with a base foot 13, and the base foot 13 is covered with rubber to increase the grip.

The upper end of the inner rod 4 is horizontally connected to the surveying ruler body through the fine-tuning shaft 3. The surveying ruler body includes a wooden ruler 1. The upper edge of the ruler 1 is provided with a one-dimensional leveling bubble 2. The ruler 1 is painted with scales along its length. The painted scales are clear and convenient for observation by the theodolite. The one-dimensional leveling bubble 2 is a bubble level. The one-dimensional leveling bubble 2 is used to detect the horizontal state of the ruler 1. The fine-tuning shaft 3 includes a universal ball seat and a universal ball. The universal ball seat is connected to the top of the inner rod 4. The universal ball is rotatably set in the universal ball seat. The top of the universal ball is connected to the middle of the ruler 1 through a connecting rod; the universal ball seat and the universal ball are respectively provided with marks. When the two marks coincide, it means that the ruler 1 is in a vertical state with the support rod. The universal ball seat and the universal ball are easy to disassemble, which is convenient for holding the ruler by hand in a special environment where the ruler cannot be erected.

When the present invention is used, it is divided into the following two measurement situations: 1. Measurement by a single person and the ground around the observation point of the building is hard and flat; 2. Measurement by multiple people or the ground around the observation point is uneven.

Case 1

Find a point along the wall 10-20cm outside the observation point to place the support base, screw the external thread 9 of the support rod into the threaded sleeve of the support base, connect the instrument, adjust the length of the inner rod 4 to the height of the observation point, then adjust the fine-tuning shaft 3 to make the wooden ruler 1 horizontal. The leveling method is to adjust the fine-tuning shaft 3 until the one-dimensional leveling bubble 2 is in the center position. Then the surveyor can return to the theodolite for single-person observation.

Case 2

In this case, another surveyor is required to operate. Unscrew the support rod from the support base, first use the fine-tuning shaft 3 to adjust the wooden ruler 1 to a state perpendicular to the support rod. There are marks on the universal ball seat and the universal ball respectively. When they coincide, it means that the ruler 1 is perpendicular to the support rod. Then, find a point 10-20cm outside the observation point along the wall and place the metal cone 10 on it. Hold the support rod and adjust the plane leveling bubble 5 until the bubble is in the center circle. At the same time, the observer quickly reads the scale of the ruler 1.

The contents described in the embodiments of this specification are merely an enumeration of the implementation forms of the inventive concept. The protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention also extends to equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims (2)

1. A surveying ruler for measuring building inclination, characterized in that it comprises a support base placed on the ground, and a support rod is vertically connected to the support base; the support rod comprises an inner rod (4) and an outer rod (8) connected inside and outside, a screw hole is opened at the upper end of the outer rod (8), a metal caliper (6) is sleeved on the upper end of the outer rod (8), a locking knob (7) is screwed on the side of the metal caliper (6), and the tail end of the locking knob (7) passes through the screw hole of the outer rod (8) and abuts on the inner rod to lock the relative position of the inner rod and the outer rod; a plane leveling bubble (5) is provided on the top surface of the metal caliper (6), and the plane leveling bubble (5) is used to detect the vertical state of the support rod; the lower end of the outer rod (8) is connected to a metal cone (10), and an external thread is provided on the outer rod and above the metal cone (10); The support base is a triangular metal base (12) with a certain weight. The center of the top surface of the metal base (12) is provided with a conical hole for plugging with the metal cone (10). The top of the conical hole is vertically connected with a threaded sleeve. The threaded sleeve is provided with an internal thread (11) for screwing with the external thread (9). The three corners of the bottom surface of the metal base (12) are respectively connected with a base foot (13). The base foot (13) is covered with rubber to increase the grip. The upper end of the inner rod (4) is horizontally connected to a surveying ruler body via a fine-tuning shaft (3); the fine-tuning shaft (3) comprises a universal ball seat and a universal ball; the universal ball seat is connected to the top of the inner rod (4); the universal ball is rotatably arranged in the universal ball seat; the top of the universal ball is connected to the middle of the surveying ruler body via a connecting rod; marks are respectively provided on the universal ball seat and the universal ball; when the two marks overlap, it indicates that the surveying ruler body and the support rod are in a vertical state; the surveying ruler body comprises a ruler (1) with a scale; a one-dimensional leveling bubble (2) is provided on the ruler (1); the one-dimensional leveling bubble (2) is used to detect the horizontal state of the ruler (1); The ruler (1) is made of wooden material, a one-dimensional leveling bubble (2) is arranged on the upper edge of the ruler (1), and scales are painted on the ruler (1) along its length direction; The outer rod is made of a carbon fiber hollow rod, and the inner rod is made of a composite light metal material. 2. A surveying ruler for measuring building inclination as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the one-dimensional leveling bubble (2) is a bubble level, and the plane leveling bubble (5) is a level bubble.