CN113883590A - Flexible control method and system for solar heating - Google Patents
Flexible control method and system for solar heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN113883590A CN113883590A CN202111329357.0A CN202111329357A CN113883590A CN 113883590 A CN113883590 A CN 113883590A CN 202111329357 A CN202111329357 A CN 202111329357A CN 113883590 A CN113883590 A CN 113883590A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/02—Other domestic- or space-heating systems consisting of self-contained heating units, e.g. storage heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible control method and a system for solar heating, which introduce the detected indoor temperature into a control strategy of a solar composite heating system by introducing the idea of tolerance fluctuation of the indoor temperature, wherein the system can realize multi-mode operation under the influence of weather conditions and building load changes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of control of solar heating systems, and particularly relates to a flexible control method and system for solar heating.
Background
Solar energy is a renewable energy source existing everywhere, and the solar energy is utilized to supply energy to buildings, so that the requirements of sustainable development strategies are met, and the solar energy is widely concerned by various countries. However, the inherent defects of low energy flow density, randomness and periodicity of energy supply and the like, and the heat supply load of the building is a random quantity which depends on meteorological parameter change, so that great obstacles are brought to solar heating design. In order to solve the contradiction between solar radiation fluctuation and indoor thermal environment stability, a heat storage and regulation device needs to be reasonably arranged; when single solar energy is adopted for heating, a large heat collection area is needed, and the initial investment cost of the system is increased. These problems are all key technical and economic obstacles to heating with solar energy as a single heat source.
The air source heat pump takes low-grade air energy contained outdoors as a heat source (or heat sink), converts a small amount of electric energy into high-grade heat energy for people to use, and has the advantages of high energy utilization efficiency, environmental protection, energy conservation and the like. The solar heating system uses the air source heat pump unit as an auxiliary heat source by combining the respective characteristics of solar heating and air source heat pump heating, so that on one hand, in rainy days where solar energy cannot play a role, the air source heat pump can be used for supplementing heating heat, the defects of solar discontinuity and fluctuation can be overcome, and the conventional energy consumption can be effectively reduced while the heating heat requirement is met; on the other hand, the defect of low heating performance of the air source heat pump caused by low outdoor environment temperature can be overcome.
At present, some solar heating projects often have a large actual input proportion of auxiliary heat sources, even have a dominant effect, and solar energy cannot play the due heating effect, which is one of the reasons that the conventional solar heating system has high initial investment, high operating cost, no dominance in clean heating, and difficulty in wide popularization and application by people. The main reasons for the above problems are improper system control idea and unreasonable optimization of heating output sequence. The original solar heat collecting system is usually used for supplying domestic hot water, and simple constant temperature control, temperature difference control and the like are suitable, but for a solar heating system, the solar heat collecting system not only relates to the problem of the output sequence of different heat sources, but also considers that the indoor temperature has certain allowable fluctuation, so the solar heating system is required to be a flexible control strategy which gives priority to the output of solar energy and allows certain fluctuation of the indoor temperature T0.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a flexible control method and system for solar heating, which can maximally utilize solar energy and reduce system energy consumption.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a flexible control method for solar heating collects the hot water temperature T1 at the outlet of a heat collector, the hot water temperature T2 of the return water of the heat collector, the indoor temperature T0 and the hot water temperature T3 of a heat collection water tank; according to the difference value between the hot water temperature T1 at the outlet of the heat collector and the hot water temperature T2 of the return water of the heat collector and the relation between the temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank and the anti-overheating temperature of the water tank, the solar heat collected by the heat collector is transferred to the heat collection water tank, and the heat collection circulation end control is realized;
dividing one day into daytime and nighttime, determining a daytime temperature fluctuation space delta T, wherein the lower limit of a daytime indoor comfortable temperature interval is ST 1-delta T, the upper limit of a daytime indoor comfortable temperature interval is ST1+ delta T, the lower limit of a nighttime indoor comfortable temperature interval is ST 2-delta T, and the upper limit of a nighttime indoor comfortable temperature interval is ST2+ delta T, and switching control of water tank heating and air source heat pump heating is realized according to the relation between the hot water temperature T3 of a heat collecting water tank and the indoor temperature T0 in the indoor comfortable temperature interval.
Specifically, when the difference value between the outlet temperature T1 of the heat collector and the return water hot water temperature T2 of the heat collector reaches the starting temperature difference and the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the overheating-prevention temperature of the heat collection water tank, the solar heat collection circulating pump G1 is started; when the temperature difference reaches the stop temperature difference or the temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is higher than the overheat prevention temperature, the solar heat collection circulating pump G1 is turned off, and the heat collection circulating is stopped.
Specifically, when the time is in the daytime, if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is higher than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is lower than the lower limit ST 1-DeltaT of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, the heating circulating pump G2 is opened, meanwhile, the valve E2 and the valve E4 are opened, the valve E3 is closed, and at the moment, the hot water of the heat collection water tank is used for circulating heating;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank or the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the upper limit ST1+ delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, the valve E2 is closed, and the water tank stops heating;
if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is less than the lower limit ST 1-delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, the heating water pump G2 is opened, the valve E2 is closed, the valve E3 and the valve E4 are opened, and at the moment, the air source heat pump is used for heating circulation.
Further, when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collecting water tank is higher than the water tank heating temperature or the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the upper limit ST1+ DeltaT of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, the valve E3 is closed, and the air source heat pump stops heating.
Further, when the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the daytime required indoor comfort temperature section upper limit ST1 +. Δ T, the heating water pump G2 is stopped.
Specifically, when the time is at night, if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is higher than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is lower than the lower limit ST 2-Delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, the heating circulating pump G2 is opened, meanwhile, the valve E2 and the valve E4 are opened, the valve E3 is closed, and at the moment, the hot water of the heat collection water tank is used for circulating heating;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is lower than the water tank heating temperature or the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the indoor comfortable temperature interval upper limit ST2+ Delta T required at night, the valve E2 is closed, and the water tank stops heating;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is less than the lower limit ST 2-Delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, the heating water pump G2 is opened, the valve E2 is closed, the valve E3 and the valve E4 are opened, and at the moment, the air source heat pump performs heating circulation.
Further, when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collecting water tank is higher than the water tank heating temperature or the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the indoor comfortable temperature interval upper limit ST2+ DeltaT required at night, the valve E3 is closed, and the air source heat pump stops heating.
Further, when the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the night required indoor comfortable temperature interval upper limit ST2 +. DELTA.T, the heating water pump G2 is stopped.
The invention also adopts the technical scheme that the flexible control system for solar heating comprises a heat collecting water tank, wherein a water return port at the heat collecting end of the heat collecting water tank returns to a water inlet at the heat collecting end of the heat collecting water tank through a water tank return water temperature sensor, a solar heat collector, a heat collector outlet water temperature sensor, a heat collecting circulating pump G1 and a water tank inlet valve E1; a water tank temperature sensor is arranged in the heat collection water tank, and a liquid level sensor L1 is connected with the heat collection water tank; a water outlet at the heat supply end of the heat collection water tank returns to a water return port at the heat supply end of the heat collection water tank through a water outlet valve E2 of the water tank, a heating valve E4, a heating circulating pump G2 and a radiator in sequence; the outlet of the radiator is connected with a heating valve E4 through an air source heat pump and an air source heat pump water outlet valve E3, and the indoor tail end is provided with a temperature sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the flexible control method for solar heating judges whether the room needs heating or not by acquiring the indoor temperature in real time, in order to ensure that the heat collection, heat storage and heat supply of the system are more reasonable, the water tank is preferentially utilized for heating based on the principle of preferentially utilizing solar energy, secondly, an air source heat pump is used for heating, the temperature of a room is controlled within a certain fluctuation range in two time periods of day and night, the total energy consumption of the system is reduced while the day and night are comfortable, because people work and rest differently in different time periods in one day, the requirements for indoor comfortable temperature are different, people need higher indoor temperature for life and work in the daytime to enable the body to feel thermal comfort, and under the sleeping state at night, due to the use of bedding, electric blankets and other related articles, the comfortable value of the indoor temperature is reduced compared with that of the daytime, and the indoor comfortable temperature is not a constant value but a range; the traditional constant temperature control, temperature difference control and other methods are more suitable for a solar water heating system, and for a solar heating system, a certain indoor temperature T0 fluctuation interval is given according to different comfortable temperatures of rooms required in different time periods, so that solar energy is better utilized, the starting time of a heat pump is shortened, and the total energy consumption of the system is reduced.
Further, when the difference value between the outlet temperature T1 of the solar heat collector and the return water temperature T2 of the heat collection end of the water tank reaches the starting temperature difference, sufficient solar energy is collected by the heat collector at the moment, the difference value between the hot water temperature in the heat collector and the hot water temperature in the heat collection water tank is larger than the starting temperature difference, the heat collection circulating pump is started at the moment, the hot water with high temperature in the heat collector is conveyed into the heat collection water tank and exchanges heat with the hot water with lower temperature in the heat collection water tank, meanwhile, the hot water with lower temperature in the heat collection water tank is conveyed back to the heat collector through the return water port of the heat collection end of the water tank to be heated again, so that the heat of the solar energy is fully utilized to heat the hot water in the water tank, and a heat exchange cycle is formed; and when the difference value between the outlet temperature T1 of the heat collector and the return water temperature T2 of the heat collection end of the water tank is smaller than the stop temperature difference, the solar energy collected by the heat collector is insufficient, the heat collector cannot collect sufficient heat to heat hot water and exchange heat with the hot water in the water tank, so that the heat collection circulating pump is closed, the heat exchange between the hot water in the heat collector and the hot water in the heat collection water tank is stopped, and when the heat collector collects sufficient solar energy and heats the hot water in the heat collector sufficiently, the heat collection circulation is started again.
Further, firstly, judging whether the indoor temperature T0 is lower than the lower limit of the set daytime indoor comfortable temperature interval, when the indoor temperature is lower than the lower limit of the daytime indoor comfortable temperature interval, the room temperature is too low at the moment, heating is needed to improve the room temperature, secondly, judging whether the hot water temperature in the water tank meets the water tank heating temperature, if the hot water temperature T3 in the water tank is higher than the water tank heating temperature, the heat of the hot water in the water tank is sufficient at the moment, only the hot water in the water tank can be used for carrying out heat exchange with a tail end radiator to provide heat for the room, if the hot water temperature T3 in the water tank is lower than the water tank heating temperature at the moment, the hot water heat in the water tank is insufficient at the moment, closing a valve E2, stopping heating the water tank, and adopting an air source heat pump for heating; when it is determined that the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the upper limit of the daytime indoor comfortable temperature range, it indicates that the room temperature is too high and there is no heating demand, and at this time, heating circulation pump G2 is turned off to stop heating the room.
Further, when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is higher than the heating temperature of the water tank, the water tank reaches the heating condition, in order to fully utilize solar energy resources, if the room has the heating requirement, the water tank is adopted for heating, the air source heat pump is stopped for heating to reduce energy consumption, and the valve E3 is closed; if the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the upper limit of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, the room temperature is too high at the moment, and the heating requirement does not exist, the air source heat pump is stopped to heat, and the valve E3 is closed.
Further, when the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the upper limit of the daytime required indoor comfortable temperature interval, and the room temperature is too high, there is no heating demand, the heating circulation pump G2 should be turned off.
Further, whether the indoor temperature T0 is smaller than the lower limit of the set night indoor comfortable temperature interval is judged, when the indoor temperature is smaller than the lower limit of the night indoor comfortable temperature interval, the room temperature is too low at the moment, heating is needed to be carried out to improve the room temperature, whether the hot water temperature in the water tank meets the heating temperature of the water tank is judged, if the hot water temperature T3 in the water tank is larger than the heating temperature of the water tank, the heat of the hot water in the water tank is sufficient at the moment, the hot water in the water tank can only be used for carrying out heat exchange with a tail end radiator to provide heat for the room, if the hot water temperature T3 in the water tank is smaller than the heating temperature of the water tank at the moment, the heat of the hot water in the water tank is insufficient at the moment, a valve E2 is closed, the water tank is stopped to supply heat, and an air source heat pump is adopted to supply heat; when the indoor temperature T0 is judged to be higher than the upper limit of the indoor comfortable temperature interval at night, which indicates that the room temperature is too high at this time and there is no heating demand, the heating circulation pump G2 is turned off at this time, and heating to the room is stopped. .
Further, when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is higher than the heating temperature of the water tank, the water tank reaches the heating condition, in order to fully utilize solar energy resources, if the room has the heating requirement, the water tank is adopted for heating, the air source heat pump is stopped for heating to reduce energy consumption, and the valve E3 is closed; if the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the upper limit of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, the room temperature is too high at the moment, and no heating requirement exists, the air source heat pump is stopped to heat, and the valve E3 is closed.
Further, when the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the upper limit of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, and the room temperature is too high, there is no heating demand, the heating circulation pump G2 should be turned off.
The invention relates to a flexible control system for solar heating.A heat collector is responsible for collecting solar energy, whether a heat storage condition is met is judged according to the difference value between a water outlet temperature sensor T1 of the heat collector and a water collecting end return water temperature sensor T2 of a water tank, hot water is conveyed to a water inlet at the heat collecting end of a heat collecting water tank through a heat collecting circulating pump G1 and a water tank inlet valve E1 to exchange heat with water in the water tank to heat the water in the water tank, the water with lower temperature at the bottom of the heat collecting water tank returns to a solar heat collector through a water return port at the heat collecting end of the water tank to heat the water, and the heated water is conveyed to the heat collecting water tank through the water inlet at the heat collecting end of the water tank again to form a heat collecting and storing cycle. A temperature sensor T3 and a liquid level sensor L1 are arranged in the water tank. The temperature sensor T3 collects the current hot water temperature in the heat collection water tank in real time for judge whether the water tank temperature is too hot and whether the water tank can supply heat, and the liquid level sensor L1 collects the current liquid level condition of the water tank for judge whether water is supplemented to the water tank. A temperature sensor T0 is arranged in the room and used for judging whether the room has a heating demand currently. The heat supply side mainly comprises a heat collection water tank, an air source heat pump, a heating circulating pump G2, a water outlet valve E2 of the heat supply end of the water tank, a water outlet valve E3 of the air source heat pump, a heating valve E4 and a radiator. If a room has a heating requirement, the purpose of utilizing solar energy as much as possible is achieved, namely the water tank is utilized for heating as much as possible, whether the current water temperature in the water tank reaches the heating water temperature of the water tank is judged, if the current water temperature reaches the heating water temperature of the water tank, the water tank is used for heating, hot water is conveyed into a radiator from a water outlet of a heating end of a heat collection water tank through a water outlet valve E2 of the water tank, a heating valve E4 and a heating cycle G2, the room is heated through the radiator, and low-temperature hot water passing through the radiator returns to a water return port of the heating end of the water tank under the action of a heating cycle pump G2 to form a water tank heating cycle; if the water temperature of the water tank does not meet the heating temperature of the water tank, the air source heat pump is started to heat hot water, the hot water is conveyed to the radiator through the air source heat pump water outlet valve E3 and the heating valve E4 to heat a room, the low-temperature hot water flowing through the radiator returns to the air source heat pump again under the action of the heating circulating pump G2 to continue heating, and the low-temperature hot water is conveyed to the radiator again to form the heating circulation of the air source heat pump.
In summary, the invention combines the idea of tolerance fluctuation of the indoor temperature T0 to improve the control strategy of the solar hybrid heating system, so as to maximize the utilization of solar energy and achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a solar-air source heat pump hybrid heating system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fluctuation tolerant control of the indoor temperature T0 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control logic diagram of the heat collecting and accumulating side of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a control logic diagram of the hot side of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a TRNSYS simulation interface diagram;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison result of the simulation of the indoor temperature before and after the fluctuation of the indoor temperature T0;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the comparison result of the total energy consumption simulation of the system before and after the fluctuation of the indoor temperature T0;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the simulation comparison result of the solar energy securing rate of the system before and after the fluctuation of the indoor temperature T0.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" indicate the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a solar heating control system with an indoor temperature T0 tolerant to fluctuation, including a solar thermal collector, a thermal collecting water tank, an air source heat pump, a heat sink, a temperature sensor (a collector outlet temperature T1, a tank return temperature T2, a tank temperature T3, an indoor temperature T0), a liquid level sensor L1, a thermal collecting circulation pump G1, a heating circulation pump G2, a tank inlet valve E1, a tank outlet valve E2, an air source heat pump outlet valve E3, and a heating valve E4.
The temperature sensor T1 is connected with the heat collector outlet and used for collecting the temperature of hot water at the outlet of the heat collector, the temperature sensor T2 is connected with the heat collector return water port and used for collecting the temperature of the hot water at the heat collector return water port, the temperature sensor T3 is connected with the heat collection water tank and used for collecting the temperature of the hot water in the heat collection water tank, the temperature sensor T0 is used for collecting the indoor temperature, and the liquid level sensor L1 is connected with the heat collection water tank and used for collecting the liquid level height in the heat collection water tank.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the method for controlling flexibility of solar heating according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, collecting the outlet temperature of the heat collector, the return water temperature from the water tank to the heat collector, the indoor temperature, the temperature of the heat collection water tank and the liquid level height of the heat collection water tank by a sensor;
s2, dividing one day into two control logics of daytime and night to control the valve and the heat pump according to the data collected by the sensor through the following control logics, which are specifically as follows:
the sensor collects the hot water temperature T1 at the outlet of the solar heat collector, the return water hot water temperature T2 of the heat collector and the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collecting water tank in real time,
when the difference value between the outlet temperature T1 of the solar thermal collector and the return water temperature T2 reaches the starting temperature difference and the temperature T3 of the thermal collection water tank is less than the overheating-prevention temperature of the water tank, if T1-T2 is more than 8 ℃ and T3 is less than 90 ℃, the solar thermal collection circulating pump G1 is started;
when the temperature difference reaches the stop temperature difference or the temperature of the water tank is higher than the overheat-proof temperature, for example, T1-T2 is less than 2 ℃ or T3 is more than 90 ℃, the heat collection circulating pump G1 is closed, and the heat collection circulating is stopped.
The sensor collects hot water temperature T3 and indoor temperature T0 of the heat collection water tank in real time, the time of a day is divided into two conditions of daytime (8-18 points) and nighttime (18-8 points), different heating starting and stopping temperature intervals are set, according to the knowledge of relevant researchers in research, the thermal neutral comfortable temperature ST1 is recommended to be in the daytime of northwest region, the thermal neutral comfortable temperature ST2 is recommended to be in the nighttime of northwest region of the heat collection water tank, 12 ℃ is recommended to be in the nighttime of the heat collection water tank, in order to optimize the heating output sequence of the water tank and the heat pump and save the energy consumption of the system, a certain temperature fluctuation space Delta T is recommended to be set for the thermal neutral comfortable temperature of the daytime and nighttime, the lower limit of the thermal neutral comfortable temperature interval is ST 1-Delta T, the upper limit of the thermal neutral temperature interval is ST1 +. DELTA.T, the lower limit of the thermal neutral comfortable temperature interval is ST 2-Delta T, and the upper limit of the thermal neutral comfortable temperature interval is ST2 +. DELTA.T.
When the time is in the daytime, if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is greater than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is less than the lower limit ST 1-DeltaT of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, if the temperature T3 is greater than 45 ℃ and the temperature T0 is less than 15 ℃, the heating circulating pump G2 is opened, the valve E2 and the valve E4 are opened, the valve E3 is closed, and the hot water of the heat collection water tank is used for circulating heating at the moment;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank or the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the upper limit ST1+ delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, such as T3 is less than 45 ℃ or T0 is more than 17 ℃, the valve E2 is closed, and the water tank stops heating;
if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is less than the lower limit ST 1-delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, if T3 is less than 45 ℃ and T0 is less than 15 ℃, the heating water pump G2 is started, the valve E2 is closed, the valve E3 and the valve E4 are started, and at the moment, the air source heat pump is used for heating circulation;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is higher than the water tank heating temperature or the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the upper limit ST1+ delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, such as T3 is higher than 45 ℃ or T0 is higher than 17 ℃, the valve E3 is closed, and the air source heat pump stops heating;
and if the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the upper limit ST1 +. DELTA.T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, such as T0 > 17 ℃, at the moment, the heating water pump G2 is stopped.
When the time is at night, if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is higher than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is lower than the lower limit ST 2-DeltaT of an indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, if T3 is higher than 45 ℃ and T0 is lower than 11 ℃, the heating circulating pump G2 is started, meanwhile, the valve E2 and the valve E4 are started, the valve E3 is closed, and at the moment, the hot water of the heat collection water tank is used for circulating heating;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank or the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the upper limit ST2+ delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, if T3 is less than 45 ℃ or T0 is more than 13 ℃, the valve E2 is closed, and the water tank stops heating;
if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is less than the lower limit ST 2-Delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, if T3 is less than 45 ℃ and T0 is less than 11 ℃, the heating water pump G2 is started, the valve E2 is closed, the valve E3 and the valve E4 are started, and at the moment, the air source heat pump performs heating circulation;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is higher than the water tank heating temperature or the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the indoor comfortable temperature interval upper limit ST2+ delta T needed at night, such as T3 is higher than 45 ℃ or T0 is higher than 13 ℃, the valve E3 is closed, and the air source heat pump stops heating;
and if the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the upper limit ST2 +. DELTA.T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, if T0 is more than 13 ℃, stopping the heating water pump G2.
Referring to fig. 5, a solar energy and air source heat pump composite heating model is built through TRNSYS simulation software, the solar heating control method under the fluctuation tolerance requirement of the indoor temperature T0 is applied to a control system, and simulated heating is performed on a room in the west ampere region;
referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, by applying a solar heating control method under the condition that the indoor temperature T0 tolerates fluctuation requirements, the indoor temperature T0 of a room can fluctuate within a day according to a set temperature interval, and when thermal comfort is met, the energy consumption of a heating system applying the control method is reduced by 28% compared with that of a traditional constant temperature heating control method, and the solar guarantee rate is improved in a heating month.
In summary, according to the flexible control method and system for solar heating, disclosed by the invention, the tolerance fluctuation interval of the indoor temperature T0 is introduced into the control logic, so that the output sequence of air source heat pump and water tank heating is optimized, the solar energy is fully utilized, and the energy consumption of the system is saved.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A flexible control method for solar heating is characterized by collecting the hot water temperature T1 at the outlet of a heat collector, the return water hot water temperature T2 of the heat collector, the indoor temperature T0 and the hot water temperature T3 of a heat collection tank; according to the difference value between the hot water temperature T1 at the outlet of the heat collector and the hot water temperature T2 of the return water of the heat collector and the relation between the temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank and the anti-overheating temperature of the water tank, the solar heat collected by the heat collector is transferred to the heat collection water tank, and the heat collection circulation end control is realized;
dividing one day into daytime and nighttime, and determining a daytime and nighttime temperature fluctuation space delta T, wherein the lower limit of a daytime indoor comfortable temperature interval is ST 1-delta T, the upper limit of a daytime indoor comfortable temperature interval is ST1 +. delta T, the lower limit of a nighttime indoor comfortable temperature interval is ST 2-delta T, and the upper limit of a nighttime indoor comfortable temperature interval is ST2 +. delta T; and switching control of water tank heating and air source heat pump heating is realized according to the relation between the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank and the indoor temperature T0 in an indoor comfortable temperature interval.
2. The flexible control method for solar heating as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the difference between the outlet temperature T1 of the heat collector and the return hot water temperature T2 of the heat collector reaches the starting temperature difference and the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the overheating prevention temperature of the heat collection water tank, the solar heat collection circulating pump G1 is turned on; when the temperature difference reaches the stop temperature difference or the temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is higher than the overheat prevention temperature, the solar heat collection circulating pump G1 is turned off, and the heat collection circulating is stopped.
3. The flexible control method for solar heating according to claim 1, wherein when the time is in daytime, if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collecting water tank is higher than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is lower than the lower limit ST1- Δ T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by daytime, the heating circulating pump G2 is opened, the valve E2 and the valve E4 are opened, the valve E3 is closed, and then the heat collecting water tank is used for circulating heating;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank or the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the upper limit ST1+ delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, the valve E2 is closed, and the water tank stops heating;
if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is less than the lower limit ST 1-delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required by the daytime, the heating water pump G2 is opened, the valve E2 is closed, the valve E3 and the valve E4 are opened, and at the moment, the air source heat pump is used for heating circulation.
4. The flexible control method for solar heating as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collecting water tank is greater than the water tank heating temperature or the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the upper limit of the interval of the indoor comfortable temperature needed by daytime ST1 +. DELTA.T, the valve E3 is closed and the air source heat pump stops heating.
5. The flexible control method of solar heating according to claim 3, characterized in that the heating water pump G2 is stopped when the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the upper limit of the indoor comfort temperature interval required for daytime ST1 +. DELTA.T.
6. The flexible control method for solar heating as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the time is at night, if the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collecting water tank is higher than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is lower than the lower limit ST2- Δ T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, the heating circulating pump G2 is turned on, the valve E2 and the valve E4 are turned on, the valve E3 is turned off, and the hot water of the heat collecting water tank is used for circulating heating at this time;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is lower than the water tank heating temperature or the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the indoor comfortable temperature interval upper limit ST2+ Delta T required at night, the valve E2 is closed, and the water tank stops heating;
when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collection water tank is less than the heating temperature of the water tank and the indoor temperature T0 is less than the lower limit ST 2-Delta T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, the heating water pump G2 is opened, the valve E2 is closed, the valve E3 and the valve E4 are opened, and at the moment, the air source heat pump performs heating circulation.
7. The flexible control method for solar heating as claimed in claim 6, wherein when the hot water temperature T3 of the heat collecting water tank is higher than the water tank heating temperature or the indoor temperature T0 is higher than the upper limit ST2+ Δ T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night, the valve E3 is closed, and the air source heat pump stops heating.
8. The flexible control method of solar heating according to claim 6, wherein the heating water pump G2 is stopped when the indoor temperature T0 is greater than the upper limit ST2+ Δ T of the indoor comfortable temperature interval required at night.
9. The flexible control system for solar heating by using the method of claim 1, which comprises a heat collecting water tank, wherein the water return port of the heat collecting water tank is returned to the water inlet of the heat collecting end of the heat collecting water tank through a water tank return temperature sensor, a solar heat collector, a heat collector outlet water temperature sensor, a heat collecting circulating pump G1 and a water tank inlet valve E1; a water tank temperature sensor is arranged in the heat collection water tank, and a liquid level sensor L1 is connected with the heat collection water tank; a water outlet at the heat supply end of the heat collection water tank returns to a water return port at the heat supply end of the heat collection water tank through a water outlet valve E2 of the water tank, a heating valve E4, a heating circulating pump G2 and a radiator in sequence; the outlet of the radiator is connected with a heating valve E4 through an air source heat pump and an air source heat pump water outlet valve E3, and the indoor tail end is provided with a temperature sensor.
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