CN113877808B - Cleaning plant and castor harvester are used in castor results - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cleaning device for castor harvesting and a castor harvester, wherein the cleaning device comprises a device base on which a separation device, a screening device and a vibration device are installed; the separation device comprises Air discharge guide plate, the air discharge guide plate is a hollow structure, which is used to separate the air flow from the material conveyed by the air flow, and make the material fall on the screening device; the vibration device is used to drive the The screening device generates vibration; the screening device is used to separate the castor capsule from the branches and leaves. The cleaning device and the castor harvester of the present invention can realize the separation of gas and materials and the separation of capsules and sundries by setting a separation device, a screening device and a vibration device, so that the There are less sundries in the material, which improves the post-processing efficiency and reduces the cost.

Description

A kind of cleaning device for castor harvest and castor harvester

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a cleaning device for castor bean harvesting and a castor bean harvester.

Background technique

Castor is an important chemical raw material and strategic material, widely used in aviation, chemical industry, automobile, fragrance and medicine and other fields. It is an industrial vegetable oil source with comprehensive development potential. The production mechanization level of castor bean harvesting in my country is relatively low, and the domestic castor bean harvesting work is basically done manually. Manual harvesting has the disadvantages of high labor intensity, low efficiency, high waste rate, and poor working environment; in addition, the development of castor industry is limited due to labor shortage and price increase. At present, there are few research reports on castor harvesters in China, and their harvesting principles are mostly modified on the basis of corn harvesters, which cannot fully adapt to the growth characteristics of castor; and the harvesting process does not realize the separation of castor capsules and stalks , the loss in the harvesting process is large, and the breakage rate is high.

Another invention of the applicant, CN108901340A, provides a castor harvester. In the castor harvester, when the castor is transported to the storage and transportation box by the pneumatic conveying device, the box is provided with a device to remove the conveyed material from the airflow. In actual use, the function of this device is relatively limited, and it can only realize the separation of air flow and material. The material falling into the box not only contains castor capsules, but also mixed with a large number of stalks, etc. The debris needs to be cleaned manually or with special equipment after harvesting, which increases the process, affects the efficiency, and also increases the cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a castor harvesting cleaning device and a castor harvester that can perform gas separation and sundry cleaning in the harvesting process.

Technical scheme: In order to achieve the above purpose, the castor harvesting cleaning device of the present invention comprises a device base on which a separation device, a screening device and a vibration device are installed;

The separation device includes an air discharge guide plate, and the air discharge guide plate is a hollow structure, which is used to separate the air flow and the material conveyed by the air flow, and make the material fall onto the screening device;

The vibration device is used to drive the screening device to generate vibration; the screening device is used to separate the castor capsule from the branches and leaves.

Further, the separation device includes a plurality of sets of the wind discharge guide plates, and also includes two side plates; all the wind discharge guide plates are installed between the two side plates; The inclination angles of the wind deflectors are different from each other.

Further, the inclination angle of each of the air discharge baffles can be adjusted; the separation device further includes two side fixing plates, and each set of the air discharge baffles is provided with a circle on the side fixing plates. hole and an arc-shaped strip hole;

Two mounting holes are respectively provided on both sides of the air discharge guide plate, and the two mounting holes are respectively connected with the circular hole and the arc-shaped strip hole by screws.

Further, the side plate is a mesh plate.

Further, the screening device includes a fixed frame and a plurality of sieve pieces arranged on the fixed frame at a straight line and equal distance;

Both sides of the fixing frame are connected to the device base by two connecting rods, and the two ends of the connecting rods are respectively connected in rotation with respect to the fixing frame and the device base, and the fixing frame is always in the position. flat state;

The vibration device includes a drive motor and an eccentric vibration block that is drive-connected to the drive motor and used to drive the fixed frame to reciprocate.

Further, the screen piece is a vertically installed sheet-like structure, and its upward side is provided with propulsion teeth arranged in an equidistant linear array.

A castor bean harvester comprises a moving vehicle body; a picking table and a fruit collecting box are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the moving vehicle body;

The above-mentioned cleaning device is installed above the fruit collection box;

A pneumatic conveying device for conveying the material obtained by the picking table to the fruit collecting box is also installed on the moving vehicle body, and the pneumatic conveying device includes a conveying pipe, and the end of the conveying pipe faces the separation device.

Further, a straw crushing and returning device is installed on the lower side of the moving vehicle body.

Further, the picking table includes a plurality of picking units, and also includes a transverse conveying device connected to the conveying pipeline; each of the picking units includes a machine base, and two grain-separating units are symmetrically installed on the machine base. device, two harvesting rollers and two longitudinal conveying devices;

The crop divider is installed at the front end of the stand, and is used for guiding the castor crop between the two harvesting rollers;

The harvesting roller is used for brushing off the castor capsules, and the brushed-off material is conveyed to the rear side by the longitudinal conveying device to the lateral conveying device.

Further, the harvesting roller includes a shaft body and a bristle assembly, and the bristle assembly can be replaced with respect to the shaft body.

Beneficial effect: The cleaning device and the castor harvester of the present invention can realize the separation of gas and materials and the separation of capsules and sundries by setting a separation device, a screening device and a vibration device, so that the fruit falls into the collection. There are less sundries in the materials in the box, which improves the efficiency of post-processing and reduces costs.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the perspective view of cleaning device;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the front view of cleaning device;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the top view of cleaning device;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structure diagram of separation device;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the structure diagram of discharge wind deflector;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the structure diagram of side fixing plate;

Accompanying drawing 7 is the structure diagram of sieve piece;

Accompanying drawing 8 is the structure diagram of castor bean harvester;

Accompanying drawing 9 is the structure diagram of picking table;

Accompanying drawing 10 is the side view of picking table;

Accompanying drawing 11 is the structure diagram of picking monomer (does not include horizontal brush);

Figure 12 is a combined top view of two harvesting rollers;

Figure 13 is a combined side view of two harvesting rolls;

Accompanying drawing 14 is the structure diagram of axle body;

Figure 15 is a structural diagram of a harvesting roll that does not include a lateral fixing plate;

Figure 16 is a structural diagram of a lateral fixing plate;

17 is a structural diagram of an anti-winding device;

Accompanying drawing 18 is the structure diagram of straw crushing and returning device;

Accompanying drawing 19 is the combined structure diagram of fruit collecting box and pouring device;

Fig. 20 is a structural diagram of a pick-up roller in another embodiment.

In the figure: 1-cleaning device; 11-device base; 12-separation device; 121-air discharge deflector; c-installation hole; e-installation frame; f-pipe body; g-connection frame; 122- Side plate; 123-side fixed plate; a-round hole; b-arc strip hole; 13-screening device; 131-fixed frame; 132-screen plate; d-propulsion tooth; 133-connecting rod; 14-vibration device ;141-drive motor;142-eccentric vibration block;143-balance block;2-mobile body;3-picking table;31-transverse conveying device;311-material conveying trough;312-two-way auger;32-machine base ; 321- the second round pipe part; 33- crop divider; 34- harvesting roller; 341- shaft body; i- boss part; k- flange part; j- installation groove; connecting part; n-limiting part; t-roller; q-protruding part; 343-fixed pressure plate; o-abutting part; p-blocking part; 344-lateral fixing plate; r-type hole; s-th A round pipe; 345-Pusher; u-Wave profile; 35-Longitudinal conveying device; 36-Power input shaft; 37-Coupling; 38-Transverse brush; 4-Fruit collection box; 5-Pneumatic conveying device; 51- conveying pipeline; 6- straw crushing and returning device; 61- device frame; 62- crushing knife roller; 63- throwing knife; 64- second connecting rod; 65- second adjusting oil cylinder; 7- suspension device; 71-first connecting rod; 72-first adjusting oil cylinder; 8-dipping device; 81-support frame; 82-turning shaft; 83-lifting oil cylinder.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The castor harvesting cleaning device 1 of the present invention is applied to a castor harvester. The castor harvester includes a pneumatic conveying device 5. The pneumatic conveying device 5 carries the harvested materials along the conveying pipeline 51 through the airflow. The conveying pipeline 51 When the material is output, the air flow is wrapped around the material, and the material contains impurities such as branches and leaves. The cleaning device 1 is used to separate the material from the air flow on the one hand, and clean the material on the other hand, so that it finally enters the castor. The castor capsules in the fruit collecting box 4 of the harvester contain less impurities.

As shown in Figures 1-3, the cleaning device 1 includes a device base 11 on which a separation device 12, a screening device 13 and a vibration device 14 are installed; the separation device 12 includes an air discharge guide Plate 121, the air discharge deflector 121 is a hollow structure, which is used to separate the air flow and the material conveyed by the air flow, and make the material fall onto the screening device 13; the vibration device 14 is used to drive the The screening device 13 generates vibration; the screening device 13 is used to separate the castor capsule from the branches and leaves.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 , the separation device 12 includes multiple sets of the air discharge guide plates 121 (in this embodiment, the number of the air discharge guide plates 121 is three), and also includes two side plate 122; the side plate 122 is fan-shaped, and the side plate 122 is a mesh plate, all the air discharge guide plates 121 are installed between the two side plates 122, and are installed on the edge of the side plate 122; All the air discharge baffles 121 are connected end to end, and the inclination angles of the air discharge baffles 121 are different from each other, and the included angle between two adjacent air discharge baffles 121 is within the set angle range inside (such as 120±10°), so that the separation device 12 as a whole is a polygonal cylindrical shell structure with an open bottom, an air inlet on the front side (the forward direction of the castor harvester is the forward direction), and a closed rear end, The end of the conveying pipe 51 of the pneumatic conveying device 5 faces the air inlet. In this way, a plurality of air discharge baffles 121 are arranged around the end of the conveying pipe 51, and the wrapping angle is large, which can cover the material in the airflow and separate the device. The projection of 12 in the top view direction is located at the front end of the screening device 13, and the distance of the vertical projection of the separation device 12 in the front-rear direction does not exceed half the distance in the front-rear direction of the vertical projection of the screening device 13; the material falling from the separation device 12 is screened with the The vibration of the device 13 moves to the rear side of the screening device 13, during which the castor capsules are screened out along with the vibration and fall into the fruit collection box 4, and the sundries that cannot fall into the fruit collection box 4 such as stems are finally removed from the screening device 13. The rear side of the screen falls to the outside of the fruit collecting box 4. Since the vertical projection distance of the separation device 12 is small, the material has enough time to move along the screening device 13 so that the capsules are fully screened out, which can prevent the capsules from failing to screen. It falls off with debris.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the air discharge deflector 121 includes a hollow plate body and mounting brackets e fixed on both sides of the hollow plate body. The hollow plate body consists of a plurality of pipe bodies f and A connecting frame g for connecting and fixing all the pipe bodies f together; the pipe bodies f extend obliquely in the front-rear direction.

Preferably, in order to achieve a better effect of discharging air and separating materials, the inclination angle of each air discharging guide plate 121 can be adjusted; the specific implementation is as follows: the separation device 12 further includes two side fixing plates 123, As shown in FIG. 6 , the side fixing plate 123 is provided with a circular hole a and an arc-shaped strip hole b for each group of the air discharge deflectors 121 ;

As shown in FIG. 5 , the mounting brackets e on both sides of the air discharge deflector 121 each have two mounting holes c, and the two mounting holes c are respectively connected to the circular hole a and the Arc strip hole b. By loosening the screw passing through the arc strip hole b and rotating the air discharge guide plate 121, the inclination angle of the air discharge guide plate 121 can be adjusted, so that the inclination angle of the air discharge guide plate 121 is favorable for the material to slide down. After adjusting the angle of the air discharge deflector 121 , the fixing of the air discharge deflector 121 can be completed by tightening the screws again.

The above-mentioned screening device 13 includes a fixed frame 131 and a plurality of sieves 132 that are arranged on the fixed frame 131 at equal distances in a straight line; The two ends of the connecting rod 133 are connected in rotation with respect to the fixing frame 131 and the device base 11 respectively, and the center points of the four hinge shafts on the two connecting rods 133 on the same side form the four corners of the parallelogram point, so that the fixed frame 131 is always in a flat state;

The vibration device 14 includes a drive motor 141 and an eccentric vibration block 142 that is drive-connected to the drive motor 141 and used to drive the fixed frame 131 to reciprocate. The above-mentioned vibration device 14 is a hydraulic motor. In order to balance the influence of the eccentric vibration block 142 on the device base 11 , a balance block 143 is simultaneously installed on the rotating shaft where the eccentric vibration block 142 is located.

Preferably, the screen piece 132 is a vertically installed sheet-like structure, as shown in FIG. 7 , its upward side is provided with propulsion teeth d arranged in an equidistant linear array. The propulsion tooth d is a triangular tooth, and the angle bisector of the tooth tip of the triangular tooth is inclined backward. More preferably, both sides of the tooth tip of the triangular tooth are inclined backward. In this way, the propulsion tooth d plays the role of non-return. , when the sundries such as stems are placed in the tooth groove (the groove between two adjacent propulsion teeth d), with the vibration of the fixed frame 131, the sundries can only move backwards, but cannot move forwards, The sundries can fall from the rear side of the fixed frame 131 as expected, and will not move forward or stay on the screening device 13 all the time.

The present invention also provides a castor harvester, as shown in FIG. 8 , which includes a moving vehicle body 2; a picking table 3 and a fruit collecting box 4 are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the moving vehicle body 2; The above-mentioned cleaning device 1 is installed above the fruit collecting box 4; the moving vehicle body 2 is also installed with a pneumatic conveying device 5 for conveying the materials obtained by the picking table 3 to the fruit collecting box 4, so The pneumatic conveying device 5 includes a conveying pipe 51 , and the end of the conveying pipe 51 faces the separating device 12 .

The picking table 3 is mounted on the moving vehicle body 2 through a suspension device 7. As shown in FIG. 8, the suspension device 7 includes two first connecting rods 71 and a first adjusting oil cylinder 72, wherein each first connecting rod 71 The two ends are hinged on the moving vehicle body 2 and the picking table 3 respectively, the four hinge points on the two first connecting rods 71 form the four corner points of the parallelogram, and the first adjusting oil cylinder 72 is installed on the moving vehicle body 2 and Between the picking tables 3, in this way, by driving the first adjusting oil cylinder 72 to operate, the height of the suspension device 7 from the ground can be adjusted, and the inclination angle of the picking table 3 remains unchanged during adjustment.

As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , the picking table 3 includes a plurality of picking units, and also includes a transverse conveying device 31 connected to the conveying pipeline 51 ; as shown in FIG. 11 , each picking unit Each body includes a machine base 32, and two crop dividers 33, two harvesting rollers 34 and two longitudinal conveying devices 35 are symmetrically installed on the machine base 32; the two crop dividers 33 are installed on the machine The front end of the seat 32, the crop divider 33 is used to guide the castor crop between two described harvesting rollers 34; the harvesting roller 34 is used to brush off the castor capsule on the castor crop, and The removed material is conveyed by the longitudinal conveying device 35 to the rear side to the transverse conveying device 31 .

The above-mentioned longitudinal conveying device 35 is an auger conveying device, and the above-mentioned lateral conveying device 31 includes a material conveying groove 311 and a two-way auger 312 rotatably installed in the material conveying groove. There are two sets of spiral parts on the 312 with opposite directions of rotation. When the two-way auger rotates, the two sets of spiral parts transport the materials on both sides of the material conveying slot 311 to the middle of the material conveying slot and output them uniformly.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 10 , the inclination angle of the picking unit relative to the ground is 30°, which can achieve an angle of about 90° between the castor stalk plant and the harvesting roller 34 when harvesting, which is beneficial to the Hemp capsules are harvested, and at the same time, the harvest loss can be effectively reduced.

Each of the above-mentioned picking units has a power input shaft 36 respectively, and the power input shaft 36 is used to connect the power and transmit the power to the harvesting roller 34 and the longitudinal conveying device 35. The shaft 37 is connected, and one of the power input shafts 36 is connected to the power source. In this way, all the picking units are driven by the same power source, which can save the driving cost. The rapid design of models with different harvesting rows, such as six rows, can be adjusted according to the agronomic requirements of castor planting in different regions, and the adjustment of different planting row spacings of 70~90cm can be realized, which makes the picking table 3 have good adaptability.

The above-mentioned harvesting roller 34 includes a shaft body 341 and a bristle assembly 342, and each picking unit has a pair of harvesting rollers 34 (as shown in Figures 12-13), and the castor crop enters between the two harvesting rollers 34. After a while, the high-speed rotation of the harvesting roller 34 makes the force generated by the bristle assembly 342 knock down the castor capsules. Therefore, the bristles on the bristle assembly 342 are vulnerable parts and need to be replaced frequently.

In order to enable the bristle assembly 342 to be quickly disassembled and replaced relative to the shaft body 341 , as shown in FIG. 14 , the shaft body 341 is formed with three bosses i extending along its axial direction, so that the shaft body 341 is formed in the circumferential direction of the shaft body 341 . Three mounting grooves j are formed for installing the bristle assembly 342; each of the outwardly facing ends of the boss portion i has a rib portion k extending to both sides; The connecting part m and the two limiting parts n extending from the root of the connecting part m to both sides; as shown in FIG. 15 , two bristle assemblies are installed corresponding to each of the installation grooves j 342 and one of the fixed pressing plates 343; the two limiting portions n of the base of each of the bristle assemblies 342 are respectively restricted by the baffles k and the fixed pressing plates 343; the fixed pressing plates 343 can be It is disassembled relative to the shaft body 341 .

Preferably, the fixed pressing plate 343 is T-shaped, and has an abutting portion o abutting against the bottom of the mounting groove j and two blocking portions p for restricting the limiting portion n. When the fixed pressure plate 343 is installed on the shaft body 341, since the abutting portion o abuts against the bottom of the installation groove j, the fixed pressure plate 343 is installed more firmly without looseness.

Through the above structure, the base of the bristle assembly 342 itself does not need to be installed on the shaft body 341 by fasteners such as screws, and the two bristle assemblies 342 in the same installation slot j can be installed on the shaft body 341 through a fixed pressing plate 343 , which can realize the quick disassembly and assembly of the harvesting unit. Specifically, when the bristle assembly 342 needs to be disassembled, first remove the fixed pressure plate 343, and then the two bristle assemblies 342 corresponding to the fixed pressure plate 343 can be taken out; when a new brush assembly 342 needs to be installed, corresponding to the same installation slot j, first Place the bases of the two bristle assemblies 342 into the installation groove j, and make a limit portion n of each base embedded in the gap between the rib portion k and the bottom of the groove, and then place the fixed pressure plate 343, The two blocking parts p of the fixed pressing plate 343 are pressed against the other limiting parts n of the two bases respectively, and finally the fixed pressing plate 343 is fixed relative to the shaft body 341 . Compared with the solution in which each base is separately fixed on the shaft body 341 by screws, the above operation process is obviously convenient, and the operation efficiency can be improved.

In the first embodiment, as shown in Figures 12-13, the harvesting roller 34 further includes a lateral fixing plate 344, which is fixed at the end of the shaft body 341, and the lateral fixing plate 344 is fixed at the end of the shaft body 341. 344 can limit the axial position of the base so that the base does not move axially.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 13 , two ends of the base are provided with protruding parts q, respectively, and the lateral fixing plate 344 is formed with shaped holes r for the protruding parts q to be embedded, as shown in the accompanying drawings 16 shown. With this structure, the radial movement of the bristle assembly 342 can be effectively prevented, so that the bristle assembly 342 can effectively fit the shaft body 341 .

Further, the lateral fixing plate 344 has a first round pipe portion s; the stand 32 of the picking unit has a second round pipe portion 321 , as shown in FIG. 17 , the first round pipe portion s The second round pipe part 321 is sleeved with each other and can be rotated with each other. The axial lengths of the first circular pipe portion s and the second circular pipe portion 321 are short, so that the distance between the main body portion of the lateral fixing plate 344 and the machine base 32 is relatively small. The blocking function of the round tube portion 321 can prevent foreign objects such as weeds from entangling on the shaft body 341 during operation.

In the second embodiment, in order to obtain a better harvesting effect, as shown in FIG. 20, each base can slide axially relative to the shaft body 341; one end of each base is installed with a roller t, A spring is provided between the other end and the shaft body 341; a pushing unit 345 is fixedly installed on the stand 32 outside the harvesting roller 34, the pushing unit 345 is cylindrical, and a wave-shaped profile is formed on one end face of the harvesting roller 34. u, the roller t on each base is always in contact with the wave-shaped profile u, so that when the shaft body 341 rotates, the roller t moves up and down along the wave-shaped profile u, which can push the base on the shaft body 341. The axis reciprocates upward. In actual use, the harvesting rollers 34 are used in pairs, and the pushing units 345 corresponding to the two harvesting rollers 34 make the bases on the two harvesting rollers 34 perform asymmetric translational movement. In this way, the two harvesting rollers The bristles on the 34 that are in contact with the castor plant will produce relative translation in the axial direction, which can further improve the harvesting effect in conjunction with the slap of the bristles on the castor capsules.

Preferably, a straw crushing and returning device 6 is installed on the lower side of the moving vehicle body 2 . As shown in FIG. 18, the straw crushing and returning device 6 includes a device frame 61, a crushing knife roller 62, and a throwing knife 63; a plurality of sets of throwing knives 63 are installed on the crushing knife roller 62, and the crushing knife roller 62 can be relative to the device. The frame body 61 rotates; the device frame body 61 is installed on the moving vehicle body 2 through a second connecting rod 64 and a second adjusting oil cylinder 65, so that the ground distance of the crushing knife roller 62 can be adjusted by driving the second adjusting oil cylinder 65, In order to achieve better crushing effect.

As shown in FIG. 19 , one side of the above-mentioned fruit collecting box 4 is an inclined surface, and the fruit collecting box 4 is installed on the moving vehicle body 2 through a dumping device 8 ; , the overturning shaft 82 hinges the upper side of the inclined surface of the fruit collecting box 4 on the support frame 81, and the lifting cylinder 83 connects the fruit collecting box 4 and the supporting frame 81. Pour out along the sloped surface.

The cleaning device and the castor harvester of the present invention can realize the separation of gas and materials and the separation of capsules and sundries by setting a separation device, a screening device and a vibration device, so that the There are fewer sundries in the material, which improves the efficiency of post-processing and reduces costs.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A castor bean harvester is characterized by comprising a mobile vehicle body (2); a picking platform (3) and a fruit collecting box (4) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the movable vehicle body (2);

a cleaning device (1) is arranged above the fruit collecting box (4);

the cleaning device (1) comprises a device seat body (11), wherein a separation device (12), a screening device (13) and a vibration device (14) are arranged on the device seat body (11);

the separation device (12) comprises an air discharging guide plate (121), the air discharging guide plate (121) is of a hollow structure and is used for separating air flow from materials conveyed by the air flow and enabling the materials to fall onto the screening device (13);

the vibration device (14) is used for driving the screening device (13) to generate vibration; the screening device (13) is used for separating the ricinus communis capsule from branches and leaves;

the separation device (12) comprises a plurality of groups of air discharging guide plates (121) and also comprises two side plates (122); all the air discharging guide plates (121) are arranged between the two side plates (122); the inclination angles of the air discharging guide plates (121) are different;

all the air discharging guide plates (121) are connected end to end, the included angle between every two adjacent air discharging guide plates (121) is within a set angle range, so that the whole separating device (12) is of a polygonal columnar shell structure with an open bottom, an air inlet at the front side and a closed rear end, the tail end of a conveying pipeline (51) of the pneumatic conveying device (5) faces the air inlet of the separating device (12), and the air discharging guide plates (121) are arranged around the tail end of the conveying pipeline (51); the distance between the vertical projection of the separating device (12) in the front-back direction is not more than half of the distance between the vertical projection of the screening device (13) in the front-back direction;

the movable vehicle body (2) is also provided with a pneumatic conveying device (5) for conveying the materials obtained by the picking platform (3) to the fruit collecting box (4), the pneumatic conveying device (5) comprises a conveying pipeline (51), and the tail end of the conveying pipeline (51) faces the separating device (12);

the picking platform (3) comprises a plurality of picking units and further comprises a transverse conveying device (31) connected with the conveying pipeline (51); each picking monomer comprises a machine base (32), and two nearside dividers (33), two picking rollers (34) and two longitudinal conveying devices (35) are symmetrically arranged on the machine base (32);

the nearside divider (33) is arranged at the front end of the machine base (32) and is used for guiding castor crops to the position between the two harvesting rollers (34);

the harvesting roller (34) is used for brushing out the ricinus capsule, and the brushed-out material is conveyed to the transverse conveying device (31) by the longitudinal conveying device (35) towards the rear side;

the harvesting roller (34) comprises a shaft body (341) and a brush hair component (342), and the brush hair component (342) can be disassembled and replaced relative to the shaft body (341);

three boss parts (i) extending along the axial direction of the shaft body (341) are formed on the shaft body (341), so that three mounting grooves (j) for mounting the bristle component (342) are formed on the circumferential direction of the shaft body (341); each boss part (i) is provided with a flange part (k) extending towards two sides at one end facing outwards; the base of the bristle component (342) is provided with a connecting part (m) for connecting bristles and two limiting parts (n) extending from the root part of the connecting part (m) to two sides; two bristle assemblies (342) and a fixed pressing plate (343) are mounted corresponding to each mounting groove (j); the two limiting parts (n) of the base of each bristle component (342) are respectively limited by the edge retaining part (k) and the fixed pressing plate (343); the fixed pressure plate (343) is detachable with respect to the shaft body (341);

the harvesting roller (34) further comprises a lateral fixing plate (344), the lateral fixing plate (344) is fixed at the end part of the shaft body (341), and the lateral fixing plate (344) can limit the axial position of the base so that the base cannot move axially; the base is provided with a protruding part (q) at each end, and a hole (r) for embedding the protruding part (q) is formed on the lateral fixing plate (344).

2. A castor bean harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that a straw crushing and returning device (6) is mounted on the lower side of the mobile vehicle body (2).

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