CN113875522A

CN113875522A - Millet seedling transplanting method

Info

Publication number: CN113875522A
Application number: CN202111328682.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-11-10
Filing date: 2021-11-10
Publication date: 2022-01-04

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a millet seedling transplanting method, which comprises the following steps: s1, building a greenhouse, arranging a nursery, and placing 200-hole plug trays; adding nutrient soil into the hole tray, sowing seeds into the nutrient soil of the nursery, and watering thoroughly; covering with mulching film, building small arched shed outside the mulching film, sealing the shed, and culturing seedling while maintaining the temperature; s2 removing the mulching film after seedling emergence, ventilating the greenhouse and keeping the temperature in the greenhouse at 6-25 ℃; after 20-30 days of seedling emergence, ventilating in a greenhouse for hardening seedlings; s3, field arrangement, transplanting the rice seedlings in the greenhouse into the field, fertilizing, watering and field planting; s4, field management, disease and pest control, and applying seedling-lifting fertilizer water and grouting fertilizer water in the field management process. The three-film covering method is adopted for seedling cultivation, a mulching film is covered on a nursery, the mulching film is used for moisturizing and preserving the nursery to provide sufficient moisture for seeds, and meanwhile, the temperature during seedling emergence is controlled to ensure the normal seedling emergence of the millet seeds.

Description

Millet seedling transplanting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a millet seedling transplanting method.

Background

The region above the Zhangjiakou dam belongs to the inner Mongolia plateau, the unique geographical position of the region is large in early-late temperature difference, the accumulated nutrient substances of crops are more, and the soil of the region above the Zhangjiakou dam is rich in multiple vitamins, so that the crops planted in the region are high in nutrient content and good in taste.

However, due to the special geographical position of the region above the family-opening dam, the frost-free period of the region is long and can reach 105 days, so that the region above the family-opening dam is planted with millet, a direct seeding mode cannot be adopted for planting, and millet seeds need to be firstly grown and then transplanted.

However, the current millet seedling transplanting method has high water consumption and high seedling cost, and the planted millet has poor quality and low yield.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a millet seedling transplanting method, which adopts a three-film covering method to carry out seedling raising, provides the emergence rate of millet seeds, and transplants seedlings into the field for planting after emergence, thereby improving the millet yield, reducing the water consumption and saving the planting cost.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

The embodiment of the invention provides a millet seedling transplanting method, which comprises the following steps:

s1, building a greenhouse, arranging a nursery, and placing 200-hole plug trays; adding nutrient soil into the hole tray, sowing seeds into the nutrient soil of the nursery, and watering thoroughly; covering with mulching film, building small arched shed outside the mulching film, sealing the shed, and culturing seedling while maintaining the temperature;

s2 removing the mulching film after seedling emergence, ventilating the greenhouse and keeping the temperature in the greenhouse at 6-25 ℃; after 20-30 days of seedling emergence, ventilating in a greenhouse for hardening seedlings;

s3, field arrangement, transplanting the rice seedlings in the greenhouse into the field, fertilizing, watering and field planting;

s4, field management, disease and pest control, and applying seedling-lifting fertilizer water and grouting fertilizer water in the field management process.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

in the invention, a three-film covering method is adopted to raise seedlings by utilizing specific geographical positions and environmental climate in the area above a dike, holes are punched in a nursery, seeds are spotted, nutrient soil is added into the holes to provide rich nutrient components for millet seeds, a mulching film is covered on the nursery, the mulching film is used for preserving moisture and heat of the nursery, sufficient moisture is provided for the seeds, and meanwhile, the temperature during seedling emergence is controlled to ensure the normal seedling emergence of the millet seeds.

And after emergence of seedlings, the greenhouse is ventilated, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled, normal growth of seedlings is guaranteed, the seedlings are ventilated and trained in the greenhouse, adaptability of the seedlings to adverse environments such as temperature change is improved, and the seedlings can adapt to changes of weather in the morning and evening after field planting.

After hardening off, transplanting the seedlings to the field for planting, watering for planting, fertilizing, and then applying water twice, wherein the seedling fertilizer water is extracted and the fertilizer water is grouted once to provide sufficient nutrient components for the seedlings.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a millet seedling transplanting method, which includes the following steps,

s1, building a greenhouse, arranging a nursery, and placing 200-hole plug trays; adding nutrient soil into the hole tray, sowing seeds into the nutrient soil, and watering thoroughly; covering with mulching film, building small arched shed outside the mulching film, sealing the shed, and culturing seedling while maintaining the temperature;

According to the special climate of the area above the dike with the house-opening and the characteristics of the millet crops, the three-film covering method is adopted for seedling cultivation, the mulching film is used for moisturizing and preserving the nursery, and the seedling emergence temperature is controlled by the small arched shed and the large arched shed, so that the temperature in the shed is higher than the outdoor temperature to resist the low temperature in frost days; after emergence of seedlings, the greenhouse is ventilated, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled, the seedlings are ventilated and trained in the greenhouse, the adaptability of the seedlings to adverse environments such as temperature change is improved, and the seedlings can adapt to the change of the climate in the morning and evening after field planting. After hardening off, transplanting the seedlings to the field for planting, watering for planting, fertilizing, and then applying water twice, wherein the seedling fertilizer water is extracted and the fertilizer water is grouted once to provide sufficient nutrient components for the seedlings.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the nutrient soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of humus soil, 0.1 part of urea, 0.1 part of monopotassium phosphate and 0.01-0.05 part of antibacterial agent. The nutrient soil comprises humus soil, and the humus soil contains rich organic components and provides sufficient nutrition for seed emergence; the nutrient soil also contains an antibacterial agent, so that harmful pests and germs in a nursery can be effectively killed, the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings is improved, and meanwhile, the plant diseases and insect pests of the transplanted seedlings can be reduced.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the number of seeds in each hole is 5-6, in the invention, a seed dibbling machine is adopted for dibbling seeds so as to ensure the growth space of seedlings, and the number of seeds in each hole is controlled to be 5-6, so that seedling emergence in each hole can be ensured, meanwhile, nutrient soil in each hole can be fully utilized, and the waste of the nutrient soil is reduced.

In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the mulch film is 0.01 cm. In the invention, the mulching film with the thickness of 0.01cm is selected to play a role in moisture preservation and heat preservation, and meanwhile, the mulching film with the thickness is light in weight and does not influence the seedling emergence of seeds.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step S2, after removing the mulching film, the temperature in the greenhouse is maintained to be lower than 25 ℃ during the day and higher than 6 ℃ during the night. In the area above the dam with the house-opening, the frost period is long, and the temperature at night is lower after seedling emergence, so that the greenhouse needs to be closed at night, and the temperature in the greenhouse is kept above 6 ℃ to prevent the seedlings from being frostbitten. And the temperature is higher during the daytime and the spring, so the greenhouse needs to be opened during the daytime to ventilate the greenhouse, reduce the temperature in the greenhouse, control the temperature in the greenhouse to be lower than 25 ℃ and prevent seedlings from burning.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the seedling density of the field planting in the step S3 is 8000-9000 seedlings/mu. Reasonably controlling the density of field seedlings after transplantation, ensuring that the seedlings have proper growth space, the seedlings can obtain sufficient illumination, the root system can absorb sufficient nutrient components, ensuring the natural growth of the seedlings and having sufficient space in the subsequent ear emergence process.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in the step S3, the irrigation amount of the planting water is 10-12 tons/mu. The millet seedling watering method has the advantages that the watering amount is proper, the watering amount is reasonably controlled while the thorough watering is ensured, the water consumption can be reduced, the millet plant is a drought plant, the growth of seedling roots can be promoted by controlling the watering amount, and after the roots grow up, nutritional ingredients in deep soil can be absorbed, so that the millet yield is improved.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, 0.2 to 1 ton/mu of decomposed sheep manure, 25 Kg/mu of calcium superphosphate and 15 Kg/mu of diammonium phosphate are applied in the field, and then the seedlings are transplanted. The decomposed sheep manure is added as a base fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate and the diammonium phosphate are used as auxiliary fertilizers, the field nutrient content is enriched, elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are increased for the seedlings, the seedlings are pulled up and stout, and the transplanting survival rate of the seedlings is increased.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in the step S4, the seedling raising fertilizer water comprises 40-50% of urea by mass. After the seedlings are transplanted, certain seedling raising and fertilizing water is applied to promote the seedlings to grow fast.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step S4, the grouting fertilizer water includes 40 to 50% of monopotassium phosphate by mass fraction. The grouting fertilizer water mainly containing the potassium fertilizer can supplement moisture of seedlings on one hand and supplement fertilizer efficiency on the other hand.

In the invention, after the seedlings are transplanted, the field is watered for three times, the first field planting water, the second seedling raising rich water and the third grouting rich water are adopted, the total watering water consumption is low, the water consumption is controlled to be about 25 tons/mu, the water consumption is low, the watering cost is low, the artificial watering can be carried out in arid areas, the watering is not needed in areas with abundant rainwater, and the watering can be carried out by utilizing the rainwater.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.

Examples 1 to 5

S1 the method comprises the steps of taking the area above a dike of a house as a planting field, selecting a seedling raising field, removing weeds, plant diseases and insect pests and the like in the field, building a greenhouse, and arranging a plurality of nursery gardens in the greenhouse, wherein the nursery gardens are marked as examples 1-5 respectively.

Placing 200 hole trays in each nursery at about No. 4/10; adding nutrient soil into the hole tray, adopting a seed dibber to dibble seeds, and dibbling 5-6 millet seeds into each hole. And after seed sowing is finished, watering thoroughly, covering the nursery with 0.01cm white mulching film, building a small arched shed on the nursery, sealing the greenhouse, and controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be more than 6 ℃.

S2, after about 7 days, the seeds in the nursery sprout, then the mulching film on the nursery is removed, the greenhouse is opened in the daytime, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled by properly ventilating the greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is kept below 25 ℃ in the daytime, the greenhouse is closed at night, and the temperature in the greenhouse is kept above 6 ℃ at night; after 5-7 leaves emerge, ditching for drainage or controlling the watering amount to control the water amount in the nursery garden, so that the nursery garden is kept relatively dry to promote the growth of seedling roots. And after 20 days of seedling emergence, opening the greenhouse to allow the interior of the Roc to ventilate greatly, and hardening seedlings to prepare for subsequent transplanting of the seedlings.

S3, after the frost period, arranging the transplanted field, applying base fertilizer No. 1-5 in the corresponding field, transplanting the seedlings of No. 1-5 in the greenhouse to the corresponding field, watering and planting, wherein the transplanting density is 8000 plants/mu;

s4, after field planting, performing normal field management and disease and pest control, and applying seedling lifting fertilizer water in the field 10-15 days after transplantation and field planting when the selected weather is clear; and applying grouting fertilizer water within 5 days after the rice ears bloom. And then performing normal field management until the millet is mature.

The pest control mentioned in step S4 is mainly physical control and chemical control, such as installing an insect killing lamp and a flea plate, and spraying high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticide to reduce field diseases and insect pests.

In step S1, the ingredients of the nutrient soils 1 to 5 buried in the nursery plants of examples 1 to 5 are shown in Table 1.

Nutrient soil ingredients and proportion of No. 11-5 in table

	Humus soil (Kg)	Urea (Kg)	Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (Kg)	Antibacterial agent (Kg)
					Nutrient soil 1	60	5	10	0.1
Nutrient soil 2	70	10	5	0.1
					Nutrient soil3	80	8	10	0.2
Nutrient soil 4	60	5	10	0.5
					Nutrient soil 5	65	10	8	0.5

The natural humus soil is formed by long-term rotting and fermentation of dead branches and residual leaves of trees in surface soil layers in forests, and most of the industrialized humus soil is produced by a wood processing factory after wood crushed materials are dug and buried, and the crushed materials are mined for a period of time without treatment and directly sold. The humus soil used in table 1 was obtained directly from the market and was obtained after rotting of wood chips.

Urea is a neutral fertilizer with a high nitrogen content and is used as a base fertilizer in the present invention. In table 1, the urea used was an agricultural urea fertilizer produced by jining boning chemical limited.

The potassium dihydrogen phosphate is a common compound fertilizer, and contains about 52% of phosphorus pentoxide and about 34% of dipotassium oxide. It has the excellent functions of raising yield, improving quality, resisting lodging, resisting diseases and pests, preventing and treating senilism, etc. The monopotassium phosphate used in table 1 is an agricultural monopotassium phosphate fertilizer produced by jining boning chemical limited.

The antibacterial agent can be carbendazim wettable powder, zineb wettable powder and other common agricultural powders, and in the table 1, the antibacterial agent is carbendazim wettable powder.

In step S3, the formulation of the base fertilizer to be applied is shown in table 2, and examples 1 to 5 thereof correspond to base fertilizers nos. 1 to 5, respectively.

TABLE 2 base fertilizer No. 1-5 ingredients and their ratio

	Decomposed sheep manure (ton/mu)	Superphosphate (Kg/mu)	Diammonium phosphate (Kg/mu)
				Base fertilizer 1	0.5	25	15
Base fertilizer 2	0.2	30	20
				Base fertilizer 3	0.3	30	20
Base fertilizer 4	0.8	20	10
				Base fertilizer 5	1	20	10

In the table 2, the content of organic matter in the sheep manure is generally 24% to 27%, the content of nitrogen element is generally 0.7% to 0.8%, the content of phosphorus element is generally 0.45% to 0.6%, the content of potassium element is generally 0.4% to 0.5%, the decomposed sheep manure is from a farm, and the water content of the sheep manure after natural decomposition and fermentation for more than 1 month is 5% to 10% by weight. The used calcium superphosphate and diammonium phosphate are all directly purchased from the market and are agricultural fertilizers produced by Jining Bocheng Cheng chemical company Limited.

In the base fertilizer No. 1-5, sheep manure is used as the main component of the base fertilizer, so that the base fertilizer is convenient for rice seedlings to absorb, promotes the rice seedlings to quickly fix roots and grow up, is combined with an agricultural high-efficiency fertilizer, and provides rich nutrient components for the rice seedlings. On the other hand, the source of sheep manure is abundant, can directly obtain from local plant, perhaps raiser's department obtains, can realize the resource and recycle, has not only practiced thrift manufacturing cost, can also environmental protection pollution's processing sheep manure.

In step S4, the applied seedling-lifting fertilizer water includes 50% by mass of urea, 10% by mass of monoammonium phosphate, 10% by mass of organic fertilizer, and the balance water. The applied grouting fertilizer water comprises, by mass, 50% of monopotassium phosphate, 5% of borax, 5% of potassium silicate, 10% of organic fertilizer and the balance of water.

Examples 6 to 9

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that in the embodiments 6 to 9, when the seedlings are transplanted, No. 2 to No. 5 base fertilizers are correspondingly applied, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1.

Examples 10 to 13

The difference from the example 1 is that 10-13 in the example, 2-5 number nutrient soil is applied in the plug tray during seedling raising, and the rest is the same as the example 1.

Example 14

The difference from the example 1 is that in the present example, when the seedlings are transplanted, No. 5 base fertilizer is applied, and the rest is the same as that of the example 1.

Example 15

The difference from the example 2 is that in the present example, when the seedlings are transplanted, No. 4 base fertilizer is applied, and the rest is the same as that of the example 2.

It should be noted that in the above examples 1 to 15, the field is planted at the same place at the same time, and only the field is divided into different areas as the field planted in the corresponding examples.

Examples of the experiments

1. Emergence and transplantation conditions

In the nursery plants of examples 1 to 15, an area of the same size was randomly selected, the actual amount of emergence and the theoretical amount of emergence in the area were counted, and the rate of emergence for each nursery was calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.

Randomly selecting an area with the same size in the transplanted field 1-15, counting the actual survival rate and the theoretical survival rate in the area, and calculating the transplanting survival rate in each field. The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 emergence rate and transplant survival rate for examples 1-15.

	Example 1	Examples2	Example 3	Example 4	Example 5
						The rate of emergence%	99％	98％	98％	98％	99％
Survival rate of transplantation%	98％	99％	100％	97％	98％
							Example 6	Example 7	Example 8	Example 9	Example 10
The rate of emergence%	99％	99％	100％	99％	100％
						Survival rate of transplantation%	99％	100％	100％	99％	100％
	Example 11	Example 12	Example 13	Example 14	Example 15
						The rate of emergence%	100％	100％	98％	98％	98％
Survival rate of transplantation%	95％	97％	100％	99％	99％

From the table 3, the emergence rate and the transplanting survival rate of each embodiment are higher, which shows that the method can successfully grow seedlings in the area of the dike at the house-opening, the three-film covering method is adopted for seedling cultivation, the mulching film is used for moisturizing and preserving the temperature of the nursery, and the small arched shed and the large arched shed control the emergence temperature to ensure that the temperature in the shed is higher than the outdoor temperature so as to resist the low temperature of frost days and effectively improve the emergence rate of millet seeds; after 3-5 leaves emerge, the nursery garden is controlled to control water so as to promote the root system growth of the seedlings, the seedlings can form a thick and strong root system in the nursery garden, and a good foundation is provided for subsequent transplanting survival.

Before transplanting after seedling emergence, the greenhouse is ventilated, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled, the greenhouse is ventilated greatly to practice seedlings, the adaptability of the seedlings to adverse environments such as temperature change is improved, the seedlings can adapt to the change of climate in the morning and evening after field planting, and the survival rate of transplanting is improved.

2. Statistics of yield

After the millet is ripe, the millet is collected, the yield of the millet of each example is calculated, the millet is subjected to hulling treatment, and the millet yield is calculated, wherein the millet yield is equal to (millet mass/millet mass) X100%. The results are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 millet yields of examples 1-15

As can be seen from the above Table 4, by the seedling transplanting method of the present invention, millet can be successfully planted in the area above the dike. The yield can reach more than 390 Kg/mu, and the rice yield can also reach more than 70%.

In the planting process of the embodiment 1-15, after the seedlings are transplanted, the field is watered for three times, the first planting water, the second seedling raising rich water and the third grouting rich water are used, the total watering water consumption is small, the water consumption is controlled to be about 25 tons/mu, the water consumption is small, and the watering cost is low; the method can not only be used for planting in arid areas, but also reduce the planting cost and improve the economic benefit of growers.

And before transplanting, managing the field, removing weeds in the field, and applying a base fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises decomposed sheep manure, calcium superphosphate and diammonium phosphate, the decomposed sheep manure contains rich organic matters, nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements and potassium elements, the sheep manure is used as a main base fertilizer, so that the seedlings can absorb the fertilizer, the seedlings can fix roots quickly and grow up quickly, and the fertilizer is combined with an agricultural high-efficiency fertilizer, so that rich nutritional ingredients are provided for the seedlings, and the yield of millet is increased.

And (3) applying seedling-lifting fertilizer water in the field when the weather is clear 10-15 days after transplanting and field planting, wherein the seedling-lifting fertilizer water comprises 50% of urea, 10% of monoammonium phosphate and 10% of organic fertilizer, and the balance of water. The seedling raising fertilizer water mainly uses nitrogen fertilizer, can promote the seedlings to grow high quickly, and the stems are thick and strong, so that organic matters are quickly accumulated in the stems of the seedlings, and a good foundation is provided for subsequent ear emergence.

Within 5 days after the rice ears bloom, applying grouting fertilizer water, wherein the applied grouting fertilizer water comprises 50% of monopotassium phosphate, 5% of borax, 5% of potassium silicate, 5% of auxin, 10% of organic fertilizer and the balance of water by mass fraction. After blooming, applying grouting fertilizer water mainly containing a potassium fertilizer, wherein during a grouting period, millet seeds grow into endosperm from embryo formation, and during the period, the millet seeds need a large amount of potassium elements to promote the maturity of the millet seeds, so that the rice grains of the millet seeds are thicker, the fruits are fuller, and the fresh weight of the rice grains is higher by applying the grouting fertilizer mainly containing the potassium fertilizer during the period.

3. Millet ingredient detection

The millets of examples 1 to 15 were selected as an experimental group and millets planted in the same area on the market were selected as a comparative group, and the millets of the comparative group and the experimental group were sent to a third-party testing facility (micro-spectrum) for food nutritional ingredient testing, and the results are shown in table 5.

TABLE 5 major nutritional components of millet

As can be seen from table 5, the millets planted in examples 1 to 15 are rich in nutrients, and have higher contents of crude protein, crude fat, etc. than the common millets, and have higher contents of vitamins. The grain filling fertilizer is applied after the rice ears bloom, so that rich nutrient components are provided for the millet seeds, and the accumulated nutrient components of the millet are high.

4. Millet food taste

The millet planted in the examples 1 to 15 is boiled into millet congee, the millet congee is soft, glutinous and fine in taste, sweet and rich in smell, and the millet cooked by the ordinary method is free of granular sensation and fine in taste. By combining the detection of the emergence rate, the transplanting survival rate, the millet components and the like, the method for planting the millet has the advantages that the millet can be successfully planted, the nutritional components of the millet are rich, the eating taste is good, the millet can be planted in the same climate area, and the local economic income is increased.

The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A millet seedling transplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s2 removing the mulching film after seedling emergence, ventilating the greenhouse and keeping the temperature in the greenhouse at 6-25 ℃; seedling emergence is carried out for 25 days, and the greenhouse is ventilated greatly to practice seedlings;

2. The millet seedling and transplanting method according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:

60-80 parts of humus soil, 0.1 part of urea, 0.1 part of monopotassium phosphate and 0.1-0.5 part of antibacterial agent.

3. The millet seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the number of seeds in each hole is 5-6.

4. The millet seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the thickness of the mulching film is 0.01 cm.

5. The millet seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, after removing the mulching film, the temperature in the greenhouse is maintained at less than 25 ℃ during the day and at more than 6 ℃ during the night.

6. The method for raising seedlings and transplanting paddy rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the seedling density for field planting is 8000-9000 seedlings/mu.

7. The millet seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the irrigation amount of planting water is 10-12 tons/mu.

8. The millet seedling raising and transplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the seedling raising fertilizer water comprises 40-50% of nitrogen fertilizer by mass.

9. The millet seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the grouting fertilizer water comprises 40-50% by mass of a potassium fertilizer.

10. The method for raising and transplanting seedlings of millet as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, 0.2-1 ton/mu of decomposed sheep manure, 20-30 Kg/mu of calcium superphosphate and 10-20 Kg/mu of diammonium phosphate are applied in the field, and then the seedlings are transplanted.