CN113875394B - Multi-edge shock excitation corn header ear picking device of layering combination formula - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a layered and combined multi-edge vibration-excited corn header picking device, which comprises an upper-layer combined multi-edge vibration-excited ear-picking roller and an ear-picking plate, a middle-layer front-end reel star wheel and a rear-end screw conveying device, the lower reciprocating cutter device. The combined multi-edge exciting ear picking roller has a guide cone in the front and a multi-edge exciting roller with rounded corners in the middle. The speed of the two rollers is the same, and the roller surfaces are arranged in a staggered manner. When the corn stalk is stimulated, the other roller is in the state of the roller surface, and the tail is a cylindrical stem pulling roller with spiral ridges welded on the surface, which has the function of pulling down the stem to pick ears; The front part of the conveying device is a reel star wheel, and the rear part is composed of a baffle plate and an auger. The above-mentioned layered and combined multi-edge vibration excitation corn header ear picking device has the advantages of simplified structure and low power consumption, which can greatly reduce the gnawing of the corn ear and the damage of the grain, and realize efficient and low-loss ear picking.

Description

A layered and combined multi-edge vibration-excited corn header picking device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a layered and combined multi-edge vibration-excited corn header picking device.

Background technique

At present, the corn combine harvester header picking device mainly includes two mechanisms: ear picking roller type and ear picking plate type (combination of ear picking plate and stem pulling roller). The header formed by these two ear picking methods has complex structure and volume Large, high failure rate, and easy to block, especially when the moisture content of corn is high, the problem that the stalk can not be normally picked by the stalk is often wrapped around the stalk puller. Among them, the roller-type ear picking mechanism mainly uses the cylindrical roller structure with a spiral auger on the surface to realize the breaking of the fruit stem. This mechanism has a certain effect of peeling off the husks, and the ear impurity content is low. However, because the corn ear and high-speed rotation The direct contact of the ear picking rollers leads to serious ear gnawing, high grain damage rate and high loss rate. Plate-type ear picking mechanism (combination of ear-picking plate and stem-pulling roller), the harvest loss is relatively small, and the rate of grain breakage is relatively low, but the pressing force on the stem during ear-picking is large, the stem is easy to break, and the ear impurities rate There are many tall and short stalks, and it is easy to cause blockage of the header. In the above-mentioned roller-type and plate-type ear picking methods, the ear-picking roller or the ear-picking plate is in direct contact with the corn ear, which is likely to cause the corn ear to be gnawed and gnawed off.

Although the existing exciting ear picking avoids the direct contact between the corn ear and the ear picking device, and can achieve contact-free ear picking, the ear picking effect is poor for corn plants with high water content, and the roller jam often occurs due to unsuccessful ear picking. stop. In addition, the existing header conveying devices are mostly driven by chains, and ear picking at high speeds for a long time is likely to generate large tension and impact loads, and the transmission noise is large, and the operation of the chain is unstable during the transmission process, and it is easy to skip teeth and fracture condition.

In the domestic and foreign patent document searches, no reports such as patent documents related to the patented technology of the present invention have been found. Therefore, it is necessary to make innovative designs and optimization improvements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention aims to solve the technical defects of the existing corn ear picking technology, and provides a layered and combined multi-edge vibration excitation corn cutting table ear picking device, so as to solve the technical problems such as gnawing and gnawing off of the corn ear caused by the conventional corn header. To solve the problem, realize low-loss and high-efficiency ear picking of corn headers.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that conventional corn headers cannot be completely suitable for early, middle and late harvesting of corn.

For realizing above technical purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A layered and combined multi-edge vibration-excited corn header ear-picking device, comprising an upper-layer combined multi-edge vibration-exciting ear-picking roller and ear-picking plate, a middle-layer front-end heave star wheel and a rear-end screw conveying device, and a lower-layer Reciprocating cutter unit. The upper layer device is used to realize the corn stalk picking, the middle layer device realizes the gathering and backward transportation of corn stalks, the lower layer device cuts off the lower part of the corn stalk, and the three layer devices are connected by connecting plates. The corn stalks are firstly collected and subdivided by the two star wheels, and then enter the conveying gap between the upper ear picking board and the middle layer screw conveying device. The lower part of the guide cone is cut off by a reciprocating cutter on the lower layer. Under the action of gravity, the straw falls and the ear is stuck on the ear picking board. . If this is not achieved, the straw will continue to be transported backwards with the middle-layer screw conveying device, and reach the cylindrical stem pulling roller in the combined multi-edge exciting ear picking roller. The two rollers clamp the straw and pull down, under the blocking of ear picking board , to achieve the purpose of secondary harvesting.

Preferably, for the upper multi-edge vibration roller, the two roller surfaces are arranged in a staggered manner. When one roller edge excites the corn stalk, the other roller is in the state of the roller surface, and the distance between the roller edge and the roller surface is 25-50mm.

Preferably, the upper-layer polygonal excitation roller is composed of regular polygonal prisms, and each edge is rounded.

Preferably, the diameter of the upper cylindrical stem pulling roller is larger than that of the polygonal excitation roller, and the gap between the two rollers is 20-35 mm.

Preferably, the middle-layer screw conveying device includes a baffle on one side and an auger on the other side, and the distance between the baffle and the outer diameter of the auger is less than 10 mm.

Preferably, the upper ear picking board is inclined at 10° to 35°, and the combined multi-edge exciting ear picking rollers are on both sides below the ear picking board and are parallel to the ear picking board.

Preferably, the foremost front end of the ear picking board of the upper layer expands outward at a certain angle. The width of the conveying gap between the two plates is 45 to 60 mm.

Preferably, the guide cone is connected to the ear picking roller through a connecting shaft in a threaded manner, and the thread inside the guide cone is opposite to its rotation direction.

Preferably, the taper angle of the guide cone is less than 70°.

Preferably, the polygonal excitation roller and the cylindrical stem pulling roller are connected by a coupling.

Preferably, the length of the upper connecting plate is 200-400 mm, and the length of the lower connecting plate is 300-500 mm.

Preferably, in the middle layer of the reel star wheel, the two reel star wheels are in front of the screw conveying device and rotate in opposite directions, and are provided with 5-8 reel fingers, and the circumference diameter is 500-700mm.

Preferably, the height of the helical rib is 9-12 mm.

The invention has simple structure and high working efficiency, and can greatly reduce the gnawing and gnawing of corn ear during operation, and fully realize high-efficiency and low-loss ear picking. Its technical advantages are concentrated in the following aspects:

1. The present invention adopts a pair of combined multi-edge exciting ear picking rollers, which are located in the middle of the multi-edge exciting rollers with the same rotation speed. The surfaces of the two rollers are arranged in a staggered manner. In the state of the roller surface, the vibration force is generated on the corn stalk or the stalk, so as to achieve the purpose of exciting the ear picking.

2. The present invention adopts a pair of combined multi-edge vibration-exciting ear-picking rollers, and the cylindrical stem-pulling roller at the tail is welded with spiral ridges, the diameter is larger than that of the multi-edge vibration-exciting rollers, and the conveying gap is smaller. If the multi-sided ear picking roller fails to vibrate and pick ears successfully, the cylindrical stem pulling roller tightly clamps the corn stalks, and rotates in opposite directions to generate a pulling force.

3. The present invention adopts a screw conveying device, which replaces the previous reel chain conveying structure. The screw conveying device includes a baffle on one side and an auger on the other side. The distance between the baffle and the outer diameter of the auger is less than 10mm. The front end of the auger is tapered, which is beneficial for straw to enter the screw conveying device. Under the driving action of the helical surface of the auger, the straw is transported backward, and the contact area with the helical surface of the auger is large, which is easy to transport and has a simple structure.

4. Due to the large contact area between the ear-picking plate and the corn ear, the frictional force for the ear to be transported backwards is large, and the ear-picking plate of the upper device is inclined at 10° to 35°, which converts part of the gravity into the power of backward conveying, and offsets the picking. The friction between the ear plate and the corn ear is beneficial to the backward transportation of the corn stalk without affecting the process of exciting the ear picking.

5. Since the invention adopts the method of exciting the corn stalk or the stalk to pick ears, it can largely solve the problem of gnawing and gnawing of corn ears, so it has a good adaptability to the harvest of ears with different moisture contents. sex.

6. By reducing the contact between the corn ear and the ear picking roller, the occurrence of corn grain gnawing is reduced, and the ear picking efficiency and effect are improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of layered combined multi-edge vibration-excited corn header ear picking device proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the combined multi-edge exciting ear picking roller;

In the picture:

1. Guide cone 2. Multi-edge vibration roller 3. Coupling 4. Spiral ridge

5. Cylindrical stem pulling roller 6. Auger 7. Reciprocating cutter 8. Lower connecting plate

9. Hexing wheel 10. Upper connecting plate 11. Ear picking plate

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Well-known structures or functions are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary detail. The language of approximation used in the following implementation can be used for quantitative representation, showing that some variation in quantity is permissible without changing the basic function. Except for definitions, technical and scientific terms used in the following implementations have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

A layered and combined multi-edge vibration-excited corn header picking device, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, includes an upper-layer combined multi-edge vibration-excited ear-picking roller and ear-picking plate 11, and a middle-layer harvesting star wheel. 9. Straw screw conveying device and lower reciprocating cutter device 7. The upper device is used to excite the corn to pick ears, the middle device can collect and transport the corn stalks backward, and the lower device cuts off the lower part of the corn stalk. The combined multi-edge exciting ear picking rollers are located on both sides below the ear picking plate 11 and are parallel to the ear picking plate 11 . The upper device is inclined at 10° to 35°, thereby reducing the frictional force between the corn ear and the ear picking board 11 and ensuring that the straw is continuously transported backwards. The corn stalks first pass through the two plucking star wheels 9 to realize their non-aligned collection and individual plant subdivision, and then enter the conveying gap between the upper ear picking board 11 and the middle layer screw conveying device. At this time, the corn stalk is excited by the combined multi-edge The lower part of the guide cone 1 in the ear picking roller is cut off by the reciprocating cutter 7 of the lower device. Under the action of gravity, the straw falls, the ear is stuck on the ear picking plate 11, and the lower combined multi-edge excitation ear picking roller The multi-edge excitation roller 2 continuously strikes the straw to generate excitation force to realize ear picking. If the ear picking is not realized, the straw will continue to be transported backwards with the middle-layer screw conveying device, and reach the cylindrical stem pulling roller 5 in the combined multi-edge exciting ear picking roller. Under the blocking of 11, the purpose of secondary ear picking is achieved.

A combined multi-edge vibration exciting ear picking roller includes a guide cone 1, a polygonal vibration excitation roller 2, a coupling 3, and a cylindrical stem pulling roller 5. The guide cone 1 and the multi-edge vibration excitation roller 2 are connected by a connecting shaft, The multi-edge excitation roller 2 is connected with the cylindrical stem pulling roller 5 through a coupling, and the surface of the cylindrical stem pulling roller 5 is welded with a spiral convex edge 4 .

The cross-sectional structure of the multi-edge excitation roller 2 is a regular polygon structure, which is composed of regular polygonal prisms, each edge is rounded, and the two roller surfaces are arranged in a staggered manner. In the state of the roller surface, the distance between the roller edge and the roller surface is 25-50mm.

The cylindrical stem pulling roller 5 has a cylindrical structure, the diameter is larger than that of the multi-edge excitation roller, and the gap between the two rollers is 20-35 mm, which is smaller than the diameter of the corn stalk, so that it has a greater pulling force on the corn stalk and better achieves ear picking. Purpose. The surface is welded with a spiral ridge 4, and the height of the spiral ridge 4 is 9-12mm.

The middle-layer screw conveying device includes a baffle and a auger 6. The distance between the baffle and the outer diameter of the auger 6 is less than 10mm. Under the driving action of the auger, the straw is transported backward, and the contact area with the helical surface of the auger 6 is large, which is easy to transport and has a simple structure.

The two reel stars 9 in the middle layer are in front of the screw conveying device, and rotate in opposite directions. There are 5 to 8 reel fingers on the circumference of the reel star, and the diameter of the circumference ranges from 500 to 700 mm, mainly for feeding corn plants and imitating the The process of artificial support of corn is fed into the ear picking area continuously and orderly, and corn can be harvested in anterograde, oblique, and vertical rows, and it plays the role of unaligned collection of corn stalks and subdivision of individual plants. The end of the reel finger is made of flexible material, which reduces the impact force on the corn stalk and reduces the breakage of the corn stalk.

The upper layer device and the middle layer device are connected by the upper connecting plate 10, the middle layer device and the lower layer device are connected by the lower connecting plate 8, the length of the upper connecting plate 10 is 200-400mm, and the length of the lower connecting plate 8 is 300-500mm.

The front end of the upper ear picking board 11 expands outward at a certain angle, so as to solve the problem that the corn stalks are not aligned correctly. The width of the conveying gap between the two plates is 45 to 60 mm.

The guide cone 1 is connected to the ear picking roller 2 through the connecting shaft in a threaded manner. The thread inside the guide cone 1 is opposite to its rotation direction, so as to ensure that the connection between the guide cone 1 and the connecting shaft is getting tighter and tighter during the working process, and the cone angle of the guide cone 1 is less than 70°, the multi-edge excitation roller and the cylindrical pulling stem roller are connected by a coupling.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the scope of the application of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A multi-layer combined multi-edge shock excitation corn header ear picking device is characterized by comprising an upper-layer combined multi-edge shock excitation ear picking roller, an ear picking plate, a middle-layer rice pulling star wheel, a straw spiral conveying device and a lower-layer reciprocating type cutting knife device; the upper layer device carries out shock excitation ear picking treatment on the corns; the middle layer device conveys the corn straws backwards; the lower device cuts off the lower part of the straw; the three layers of devices are connected through a connecting plate;

the combined multi-edge special-shaped snapping roll comprises a guide cone, a multi-edge excitation roll and a cylindrical stem pulling roll; the guide cone and the multi-edge excitation roller are coaxially connected with the cylindrical stem pulling roller;

the combined type multi-edge special-shaped snapping rollers are arranged on two sides below the snapping plate, and the central axis of the combined type multi-edge special-shaped snapping rollers is parallel to the snapping plate;

the multi-edge shock excitation roller is positioned on the upper layer, the two rollers adopt a staggered arrangement mode, the rotating speed is the same, when the edge of one side of the roller horizontally strikes the corn straw, the other side of the roller is in a roller surface state, and the distance between the edge of one side of the roller and the roller surface of the other side of the roller is 25mm-50mm;

the multi-edge exciting roller positioned on the upper layer is composed of a regular multi-edge prism, and each edge is subjected to round angle treatment;

the cylindrical stalk pulling roller is positioned on the upper layer, the diameter of more edge excitation rollers is large, and the gap between the two rollers is 20mm-35mm;

a spiral convex edge is welded outside the cylindrical stem-pulling roller on the upper layer;

the spiral conveying device comprises a baffle on one side and an auger on the other side, and the distance between the baffle and the outer diameter of the auger is less than 10mm;

the foremost end of the packing auger is conical;

the ear picking plates on the upper layer are inclined at 10-35 degrees.

Images