CN113836627A - Steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling - Google Patents
Steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge lofting, and provides a steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling, which comprises the following steps of 100, dividing a steel plate girder bridge into components; step 200, generating a main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis; step 300, calculating three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling of each component; step 400, automatically modeling a main beam to obtain a main beam model; 500, respectively generating three-dimensional models of other components; generating a steel plate girder bridge design drawing model; step 600, carrying out correction calculation on each coordinate according to bridge pre-camber data in the design drawing; step 700, recalculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each point by using a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis, and performing modeling again to obtain a steel plate girder bridge lofting model; and 800, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model to obtain the lofting graph of the component. The invention can improve the lofting work efficiency and shorten the design time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge lofting, in particular to a steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling.
Background
Because the steel has the advantages of high strength, uniform material quality, good plasticity and toughness, good weldability and the like, the steel structure bridge has the characteristics of large spanning capability, light dead weight, good earthquake resistance, short construction period and the like.
In the absence of a three-dimensional model, loft graphics are drawn primarily manually by means of two-dimensional maps. Compared with the direct generation of a model, the method has the defects of low efficiency and low accuracy of manual drawing. Moreover, the quality of the drawing is greatly influenced by the technical ability of the drawing staff and the experience, and the cultivation of the staff also needs years.
In addition, in the factory welding process, the amount of shrinkage due to welding deformation is an essential consideration. At the present stage, the welding shrinkage does not have a unified national standard, and instability exists in many times depending on empirical judgment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that the lofting graph in the prior art is mainly drawn manually by a two-dimensional graph, the manual drawing efficiency is low, and the accuracy is low, and provides a steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling so as to improve the lofting work efficiency and shorten the design time; the processing flow is optimized, and the processing precision is improved.
The invention provides a steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling, which comprises the following processes:
200, generating a main girder datum line and an auxiliary axis according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge;
and 800, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model to obtain the lofting graph of the component.
Further, step 200, generating a main girder datum line and an auxiliary axis according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, and the method comprises the following processes:
step 201, determining three-dimensional coordinate data of a main node of a main girder according to a design drawing of a steel plate girder bridge, and generating a main girder datum line: according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, taking the positions of the fulcrums of the bridges as main nodes; determining three-dimensional coordinate data of a main node of the main beam according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the pivot in the design drawing, and sequentially connecting the main nodes by straight lines along the axle direction in a bridge three-dimensional coordinate system to generate a main beam datum line;
step 202, according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, adding an auxiliary node of the bridge on a main girder datum line, and adding an auxiliary axis on the main girder datum line: determining the positions of longitudinal rib plates and nodes on the main beam as auxiliary nodes; determining the position information of each auxiliary node relative to the main node according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each auxiliary node; and generating auxiliary nodes on the main beam datum line, and connecting the auxiliary nodes in a straight line to generate auxiliary axes, thereby completing the addition of the auxiliary axes on the main beam datum line.
Further, step 600, according to the bridge pre-camber data in the design drawing, performing correction calculation on each coordinate to generate a new main girder datum line and an auxiliary axis, including the following processes:
601, establishing a main node curve by using main node (C1, C2 and C3 … …) data and bridge pre-camber data of the bridge and adopting a B-Spline curve function;
step 602, utilizing the obtained main node curve to perform correction calculation on the coordinates of each auxiliary node;
and 603, sequentially connecting the main nodes and the auxiliary nodes by using straight lines to generate new main beam reference lines and auxiliary axes.
Further, step 800, using a steel plate girder bridge lofting model to convert the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph to obtain a lofting graph of the component, includes the following processes:
for the component with negligible processing deformation, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the actual three-dimensional model of the steel plate girder bridge obtained in the step 700 to obtain a lofting graph of the component;
for the component with non-negligible processing deformation, correcting and calculating the three-dimensional coordinate of the starting point of the web by using an empirical formula of the shrinkage of the welding seam;
the formula of the transverse shrinkage of the double-sided part break angle (T-shaped) welding seam is as follows:
Y＝0.001t2-0.0359t+0.5077
the formula of the transverse shrinkage of the butt weld is as follows:
Y＝0.5(√t-1.16)
where Y represents the weld transverse contraction amount and t represents the plate thickness.
According to the steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling, the three-dimensional model is used for generating the lofting graph, the speed is high, the accuracy is high, the requirement on personnel is reduced, and the cost is greatly saved. And the advantages are more obvious when complex structures and multi-inclined structures are processed. When the corresponding structure is modified, the corresponding can be faster, and meanwhile, omission is avoided. According to the invention, based on the linear coordinates of the bridge, a space coordinate point group of the bridge is established, and based on the bridge structure, parametric modeling is performed, so that visual management can be realized, the lofting work efficiency is improved, and the design time is shortened; the processing flow is optimized, and the processing precision is improved. In addition, several common welding shrinkage formulas are introduced, the formulas can be selected or welding shrinkage coefficients can be set according to actual needs, further model data with the expansion and contraction amount is generated, a new idea is provided during processing, the welding sequence can be optimized, and the welding strength and the processing precision are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the implementation of the steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a primary beam reference line and secondary axis.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a main beam model.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section model.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a lower wale model.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an overall model of a steel plate girder bridge.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the relevant aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling provided by the embodiment of the invention includes the following processes:
and step 100, dividing the steel plate girder bridge into the minimum component units during lofting production.
And dividing the steel plate girder bridge into components according to different structural characteristics and modeling methods of each part. Such as main beam, rib plate and connecting system, wherein each part needs to be further divided into the minimum component unit in lofting production. For example, the main beam needs to be subdivided into an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate and a web plate; the ribbed plates are subdivided into longitudinal ribbed plates and transverse ribbed plates; the linking system is subdivided into cross braces, wales, etc.
And each part establishes an operation module which takes the three-dimensional coordinates and the structural parameters of the bridge as known conditions and takes the space coordinates for modeling as a result. Because the bridge has various structures, the more complex the bridge structure is, the more the required computation amount is.
And 200, generating a main girder datum line and an auxiliary axis according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge.
Step 201, determining three-dimensional coordinate data of a main node of a main girder according to a design drawing of a steel plate girder bridge, and generating a main girder datum line.
Specifically, according to a design drawing of a steel plate girder bridge, the positions of the fulcrums of the bridges are used as main nodes, and the main nodes are named as (C1, C2 and C3 … … Cn) in sequence along the direction of a bridge axis. And determining three-dimensional coordinate data of the main node of the main beam according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the pivot in the design drawing, and sequentially connecting the main nodes by straight lines along the bridge axis direction in a bridge three-dimensional coordinate system to generate a main beam reference line (figure 4).
And 202, according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, adding auxiliary nodes of the bridge on a main girder datum line, and adding an auxiliary axis on the main girder datum line.
Specifically, according to the design drawing, the positions of longitudinal rib plates and nodes on the main beam are determined as auxiliary nodes, and the positions are named as the auxiliary nodes in sequence along the direction of the bridge shaft:
the auxiliary nodes comprise nodes such as welding nodes and bolt nodes which are convenient to process, process and position and can be selected according to actual conditions.
Determining the position information of each auxiliary node relative to the main node according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each auxiliary node; and generating auxiliary nodes on the main beam datum line, connecting the auxiliary nodes in a straight line to generate an auxiliary axis, and finishing adding the auxiliary axis on the main beam datum line (as shown in figure 2).
And 300, calculating three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling of each component according to the main beam datum line, the auxiliary axis and the structural parameter information in the design drawing.
Specifically, take the girder as an example: and calculating three-dimensional coordinates of a starting point and an end point of the upper flange plate of each section of the main beam according to the relative position relationship (upper side, lower side, center, inward deviation and the like) between the section of the upper flange plate of the main beam and the reference line of the main beam in the design drawing, the plate thickness, the plate width and other parameters. And respectively calculating the three-dimensional coordinate data of the main beam web plate and the main beam lower flange plate and the three-dimensional coordinate information of all other components by the same method.
And 400, automatically modeling the main beam according to the three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling of each component and by combining the basic information of each component in the design drawing to obtain a main beam model (as shown in FIG. 3).
The basic information includes information that can minimally describe the feature of the component, such as component name, component number, component classification, and material information.
In this step, auxiliary information of the member may be added during modeling, the auxiliary information being information of six directions including, but not limited to, a connector number, and processing information of a position corresponding to the member, the information being recorded by assuming the member as a cube and being recorded on the upper side, the lower side, the left side, the right side, the start point side, and the end point side of the cube.
In this step, the three-dimensional models of the other members include: a cross-linking model (see fig. 4) and a lower cross-brace model (see fig. 5). The modeling method of each other component is consistent with that of the main beam (step 300-step 400). In addition, the steel plate girder bridge design drawing model is a three-dimensional model of the steel plate girder bridge consistent with the design drawing.
And step 600, according to the bridge pre-camber data in the design drawing, carrying out correction calculation on each coordinate to generate a new main girder datum line and an auxiliary axis.
Step 601, using the main node (C1, C2 and C3 … …) data of the bridge and the bridge pre-camber data, and adopting a B-Spline curve function to establish a main node curve.
And step 602, performing correction calculation on the coordinates of each auxiliary node by using the obtained main node curve.
And 603, sequentially connecting the main nodes and the auxiliary nodes by using straight lines to generate new main beam reference lines and auxiliary axes.
It should be noted that the main girder reference line in this step and the main girder reference line in step 200 are different: in step 200, a main node and a next main node are directly connected in a straight line along the direction of a bridge axis to generate a reference line, and all auxiliary nodes between the two main nodes on the same main beam are on the straight line of the main beam reference line; since the operation in step 600 uses a B-Spline curve function, the secondary node is not connected to the primary node, and it is necessary to connect the primary node, the secondary node, and the next primary node in sequence along the bridge axis direction, and the finally generated multi-segment line is used as the primary girder reference line.
Wherein the pre-camber of the bridge may be added using curves, arcs, or proportional distribution. The specific adding method takes the design drawing as a standard, and selects a proper function for calculation.
And 700, recalculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each point by using the new main beam datum line and the new auxiliary axis, and performing modeling again to obtain a steel plate girder bridge lofting model (figure 6).
The lofting model is a model consistent with the actual situation of the steel plate girder bridge.
And 800, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model to obtain the lofting graph of the component.
In this step, for a component with negligible machining deformation, the actual three-dimensional model of the steel plate girder bridge obtained in step 700 may be directly used to convert the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph, so as to obtain a lofting graph of the component.
For components with non-negligible processing distortion, such as webs. According to the lofting standard of a factory, welding information such as welding patterns, processes, foot lengths and the like of webs which are main welding deformation members are extracted from a design drawing. And (4) performing correction calculation on the three-dimensional coordinate of the starting point of the web by using an empirical formula of the shrinkage of the welding seam.
The formula of the transverse shrinkage of the double-sided part break angle (T-shaped) welding seam is as follows:
Y＝0.001t2-0.0359t+0.5077
the formula of the transverse shrinkage of the butt weld is as follows:
Y＝0.5(√t-1.16)
y represents the weld transverse shrinkage, and t represents the sheet thickness in mm.
Among them, the shrinkage distortion involves a plurality of factors and is difficult to calculate accurately. The formula used is typically an empirical formula of approximate calculation. The algorithm may also be modified according to the actual needs of the plant.
Using the correction calculation result, the machining model is created again. And then converting the drawing into a two-dimensional drawing to obtain a final pattern for lofting.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications of the technical solutions described in the embodiments or equivalent replacements of some or all technical features may be made without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling is characterized by comprising the following processes:
step 100, dividing the steel plate girder bridge into the minimum component units during lofting production;
200, generating a main girder datum line and an auxiliary axis according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge;
step 300, calculating three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling of each component according to the main beam datum line, the auxiliary axis and the structural parameter information in the design drawing;
step 400, according to three-dimensional coordinate point data required by modeling of each component, combining basic information of each component in a design drawing to automatically model a main beam to obtain a main beam model;
step 500, sequentially adding basic information of other components to respectively generate three-dimensional models of other components; generating a steel plate girder bridge design drawing model by using the three-dimensional models of the main girder model and other components;
step 600, according to the bridge pre-camber data in the design drawing, carrying out correction calculation on each coordinate to generate a new main girder datum line and an auxiliary axis;
step 700, recalculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each point by using a new main beam datum line and an auxiliary axis, and performing modeling again to obtain a steel plate girder bridge lofting model;
and 800, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model to obtain the lofting graph of the component.
2. The steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling according to claim 1, wherein the step 200 of generating a main girder reference line and an auxiliary axis according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge comprises the following processes:
step 201, determining three-dimensional coordinate data of a main node of a main girder according to a design drawing of a steel plate girder bridge, and generating a main girder datum line: according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, taking the positions of the fulcrums of the bridges as main nodes; determining three-dimensional coordinate data of a main node of the main beam according to the three-dimensional coordinate data of the pivot in the design drawing, and sequentially connecting the main nodes by straight lines along the axle direction in a bridge three-dimensional coordinate system to generate a main beam datum line;
step 202, according to the design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, adding an auxiliary node of the bridge on a main girder datum line, and adding an auxiliary axis on the main girder datum line: determining the positions of longitudinal rib plates and nodes on the main beam as auxiliary nodes; determining the position information of each auxiliary node relative to the main node according to a design drawing of the steel plate girder bridge, and calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each auxiliary node; and generating auxiliary nodes on the main beam datum line, and connecting the auxiliary nodes in a straight line to generate auxiliary axes, thereby completing the addition of the auxiliary axes on the main beam datum line.
3. The steel plate girder bridge lofting method based on automatic modeling according to claim 1, wherein in step 600, correction calculation is performed on each coordinate according to bridge pre-camber data in a design drawing to generate a new main girder datum line and an auxiliary axis, and the method comprises the following processes:
601, establishing a main node curve by using main node (C1, C2 and C3 … …) data and bridge pre-camber data of the bridge and adopting a B-Spline curve function;
step 602, utilizing the obtained main node curve to perform correction calculation on the coordinates of each auxiliary node;
and 603, sequentially connecting the main nodes and the auxiliary nodes by using straight lines to generate new main beam reference lines and auxiliary axes.
4. The automatic modeling based steel plate girder bridge lofting method according to claim 1, wherein the step 800 of converting the three-dimensional model of the member into a two-dimensional graph by using the steel plate girder bridge lofting model to obtain a lofting graph of the member comprises the following processes:
for the component with negligible processing deformation, converting the three-dimensional model of the component into a two-dimensional graph by using the actual three-dimensional model of the steel plate girder bridge obtained in the step 700 to obtain a lofting graph of the component;
for the component with non-negligible processing deformation, correcting and calculating the three-dimensional coordinate of the starting point of the web by using an empirical formula of the shrinkage of the welding seam;
the formula of the transverse shrinkage of the double-sided part break angle (T-shaped) welding seam is as follows:
Y＝0.001t2-0.0359t+0.5077
the formula of the transverse shrinkage of the butt weld is as follows:
Y＝0.5(√t-1.16)
where Y represents the weld transverse contraction amount and t represents the plate thickness.
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20150134545A1 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2015-05-14 | Roads And Maritime Services | Structure Modelling and Maintenance Scheduling |
| CN106326580A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 广州地铁设计研究院有限公司 | Modeling and designing method for elevated structure BIM (Building Information Modeling) model |
| CN110717213A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-21 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司电子计算技术研究所 | Rapid generation method and device for railway bridge BIM construction model |
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