CN113834744A - Pulse excitation loading mechanism of track structure and using method thereof - Google Patents
Pulse excitation loading mechanism of track structure and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/38—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by electromagnetic means
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- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
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- B62D57/022—Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track with ground-engaging propulsion means, e.g. walking members consisting of members having both rotational and walking movements
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种轨道结构的脉冲激励加载机构及其使用方法。该装置包括：通过支撑骨架将动力驱动系统、数据采集装置和装配式加载车轮固定连接，对装配式加载车轮进行切面处理，旋转电机驱动整个装置沿着测试轨道前进，实现加载脉冲激励；数据采集装置通过传感器采集撞击力信号、振动加速度和声压信息，对信息进行分析，可以得到轨道病害识别结果。本发明可以在保证加载力幅值及脉冲特性的前提下，通过调节加载机构的重量和行进速度，调整加载力的大小，使得施加的激励力更加稳定，从而对测试轨道进行有效的病害识别。
The invention provides a pulse excitation loading mechanism of a track structure and a using method thereof. The device includes: the power drive system, the data acquisition device and the prefabricated loading wheel are fixedly connected through the support frame, the prefabricated loading wheel is sectioned, and the rotating motor drives the whole device to move forward along the test track to realize the loading pulse excitation; data acquisition The device collects the impact force signal, vibration acceleration and sound pressure information through the sensor, and analyzes the information to obtain the track disease identification result. Under the premise of ensuring the amplitude of the loading force and the pulse characteristics, the invention can adjust the weight and the traveling speed of the loading mechanism to adjust the magnitude of the loading force, so that the applied excitation force is more stable, thereby effectively identifying the disease of the test track.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of track detection, in particular to a pulse excitation loading mechanism of a track structure and a using method thereof.
Background
Rail transit refers to a type of vehicle or transportation system in which operating vehicles need to travel on a particular rail. The most typical rail transit is a railway system consisting of conventional trains and standard railways. With the diversified development of train and railway technologies, rail transit is more and more types, and is not only distributed in long-distance land transportation, but also widely applied to medium-short distance urban public transportation.
Along with the track traffic operation mileage constantly increases, under the reciprocating action of train load, the track structure has appeared multiple different diseases in succession, and the demand to the maintenance of track circuit and track detection constantly improves.
One rail detection method in the prior art is field manual inspection. The disadvantages of this method are: for a field worker inspection mode, the mode depends on more operation experience of workers, detection levels of different operators are different, and an accurate detection method which does not depend on manual experience is lacked.
Another track detection method in the prior art is a detection mode based on a laser technology and an image processing technology. The disadvantages of this method are: the detection method is seriously influenced by the illumination environment and the surface smudgy condition of the structure, and has certain difficulty in detecting some hidden diseases with normal appearance but invalid actual mechanical state.
For the detection of the dynamic stiffness of the track, one track detection method in the prior art is to apply exciting forces of different frequencies to the steel rail by using a large-scale fatigue testing machine, and then collect the exciting forces applied under different frequencies and the acceleration response of the steel rail by using a force sensor and an acceleration sensor respectively, so as to calculate and obtain the corresponding dynamic stiffness of the whole track under each exciting frequency. The method is influenced by the loading amplitude and the loading frequency, only the dynamic stiffness of the track structure under low frequency can be obtained, the dynamic stiffness of the track structure in a high frequency range cannot be obtained, and meanwhile, the boundary conditions applied to the track structure by a large test bed during testing are different from the field.
Another track detection method in the prior art is to use a small excitation device which can be fixed on site, apply an excitation force within a preset excitation frequency range to a steel rail within a preset time, and calculate to obtain a corresponding change relationship between the dynamic stiffness of a track structure and the excitation frequency by collecting a force signal and a displacement signal on the steel rail. The method has the advantages of small amplitude of applied force, certain difference with the load of a travelling crane, low load frequency range, slow single-group test process and low test efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a pulse excitation loading mechanism of a track structure and a using method thereof, so as to realize effective disease identification on a test track.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pulsed excitation loading mechanism of a track structure, comprising: the power driving system, the data acquisition device and the assembly type loading wheel are fixedly connected through the support framework, and a battery in the power driving system supplies power to the whole device;
the section processing is carried out on the assembled loading wheel, a rotating motor in the power driving system drives the whole device to advance along the test track, and impact load is generated on the track once per rotation in the rotating advancing process of the assembled loading wheel, so that the loading of pulse excitation is realized;
the data acquisition device acquires and stores an impact force signal, a vibration acceleration and sound pressure information generated when the assembly type loading wheel impacts the test track in real time through a sensor.
Preferably, the power driving system comprises a storage battery, a rotating motor, an electric control cabinet, a control switch box, a rotating shaft, a chain wheel, a rotating shaft and a speed regulator;
the data acquisition device comprises a two-in-one sensor, a sound pressure sensor, a rotary slip ring, a controller and a display screen;
the assembled loading wheel comprises a split wheel, a flange, a compression column and a guide column.
Preferably, the supporting framework comprises a section bar frame, a handrail, a display screen fixing support, a motor support, a collecting instrument mounting plate, a bottom plate, a connecting plate and a vertical plate;
the matched auxiliary accessories comprise a chain shield, a hexagon bolt, a gasket, a round nut, a deep groove ball bearing with a dustproof cover, a spacer ring and a rotary support.
Preferably, cut edge split type wheel, be connected compression leg and two unification sensors through the guide post, the unsteady bulb of compression leg surpasss split type wheel tangent plane 2mm, stupefied department sets up the fillet around the tangent plane of split type wheel, through flange with two split type wheel connections, every rotatory a week of wheel, the compression leg striking rail is once.
Preferably, the section bar frame in the supporting framework is connected with the collecting instrument mounting plate and the bottom plate, the section bar frame is used for mounting the controller, the storage battery and the rotating motor, the handrail is connected with the section bar frame, the display screen fixing support is connected with the section bar frame, the vertical plate is connected with the rotating shaft and the supporting framework, and two ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected with the vertical plate.
Preferably, the two-in-one force sensor in the data acquisition device is installed inside the split wheel and connected with the compression column through the guide column, the sound pressure sensor is fixedly installed below the profile frame, the rotary slip ring is connected with the rotating shaft and the vertical plate, and the controller is connected with the two-in-one force sensor and the sound pressure sensor through circuits.
Preferably, a storage battery in the power driving system is fixed on a collecting instrument mounting plate, a rotating motor is fixed on a motor support, an electrical control cabinet is fixed on a profile frame, a 24V direct-current power supply, a relay and a circuit breaker are arranged in the electrical control cabinet, a control switch box is fixed on the profile frame and used for controlling a loading mechanism to start and stop, one chain wheel is connected with the rotating motor, the other chain wheel is connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with two chain wheels, the rotating shaft is connected with the chain wheels, a vertical plate, an assembled loading wheel and a rotating slip ring, and a chain, the chain wheels and the rotating shaft act together to drive the assembled loading wheel to roll and advance, and a speed regulator is fixed on the surface of the electrical cabinet and used for regulating the rotating speed of the motor.
Preferably, the chain guard shield in the auxiliary accessories is arranged outside the chain, and is connected with each component through a hexagon bolt and a gasket, and is connected with the rotating shaft and the vertical plate through a round nut, a deep groove ball bearing with a dust cover and a spacer ring, and the vertical plate and the rotating slip ring are connected through a rotating support, so that one end of the rotating slip ring is fixed, and the other end of the rotating slip ring rotates along with the rotating shaft.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for using the pulse excitation loading mechanism of the track structure, including:
replacing the assembly type loading wheel according to the actual fastener space of the test track, setting the initial position of the assembly type loading wheel right above the fastener of the test track, enabling the perimeter of the assembly type loading wheel to be close to the fastener space of the test track, enabling a user to hold the equipment along the advancing direction, pressing a starting switch, and enabling a rotating motor in the power driving system to drive the whole device to advance along the test track at a set speed;
carry out the tangent plane to assembled loading wheel and handle, the whole device of rotating electrical machines drive among the power drive system advances along the test track, every rotatory a week of rotatory in-process of advancing of assembled loading wheel just produces impact load to the track to realize the loading of pulse excitation, two unification sensors gather in real time and save assembled loading wheel striking the impact signal, the vibration acceleration that the test track produced, the real-time noise signal of gathering of acoustic pressure sensor, installation display screen on the device, two unification sensors and acoustic pressure sensor give the display screen with the signal transmission who gathers, the display screen shows the signal data that two unification sensors and acoustic pressure sensor gathered.
Preferably, fillets are arranged at the front edge and the rear edge of a tangent plane of the assembled loading wheel, the assembled loading wheel is arranged near the fastener when the assembled loading wheel is loaded each time, the compression column impacts the steel rail once when the assembled loading wheel rotates one circle, pulse excitation loading is realized, and the excitation force of each time is ensured to be consistent under the condition that the advancing speed of the assembled loading wheel is controlled to be unchanged;
the loading force is adjusted by adjusting the weight and the advancing speed of the loading mechanism, and the height of the highest point of each falling is only related to the wheel diameter and the design height of the flat surface.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the device provided by the embodiment of the invention can adjust the magnitude of the loading force by adjusting the weight and the traveling speed of the loading mechanism on the premise of ensuring the amplitude and the pulse characteristic of the loading force, so that the applied excitation force is more stable, and the device can be used as a standard pulse excitation source. And by utilizing the characteristic of standard pulse load, the track diseases can be identified when the track structure responses to different times under the action of the same excitation source. And performing Fourier transform on the time domain response of the measured steel rail acceleration and force signals to obtain the frequency domain response of the steel rail acceleration and force signals, and further obtaining the track dynamic stiffness curve under different excitation frequencies.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an overall assembly view of a pulse excitation loading mechanism of a track structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the entire assembly of a pulsed excitation loading mechanism of a track structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of an overall assembly of a pulsed excitation loading mechanism of a track structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a fabricated loader wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pulse excitation loading mechanism of a track structure, which mainly comprises the following working processes: firstly, the assembled loading wheel is processed by section cutting, so that the loading of pulse excitation can be realized when the wheel advances along the test track. The rotating motor drives the whole mechanism to move forward along the test track, and in the advancing process, the data acquisition device acquires and stores an impact force signal, vibration acceleration and sound pressure information generated when the assembly type loading wheel impacts the test track through the sensor. And finally analyzing all data stored by the data acquisition device to obtain the dynamic stiffness and track damage information of the track structure.
The overall assembly drawing of the pulse excitation loading mechanism of the track structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1, the front assembly drawing is shown in fig. 2, and the side assembly drawing is shown in fig. 3. The device comprises a power driving system, a data acquisition device, an assembled loading wheel 3, a supporting framework and matched auxiliary accessories. The power driving system, the data acquisition device and the assembled loading wheel are fixedly connected through the supporting framework, and a battery in the power driving system supplies power to the whole device.
The circular wheel has no impact effect on the rail, a tangent plane is processed on the wheel, so that the wheel can impact the rail when moving on the rail, and when the wheel moves forwards along the rail, impact load can be applied to the rail once per rotation of one circle, and the impact load is called as pulse excitation. And a rotating motor in the power driving system drives the whole device to move forward along the test track, so that pulse excitation loading is realized. The pulse excitation loading mechanism of the track structure of the embodiment of the invention is used as a standard excitation source, can provide stable pulse excitation, and has basically consistent contact force on different track structures.
The data acquisition device acquires and stores an impact force signal, a vibration acceleration and sound pressure information generated when the assembly type loading wheel impacts the test track in real time through a sensor. And then analyzing the stored impact force signal, vibration acceleration and sound pressure information to obtain a track disease identification result.
The power driving system comprises a storage battery 101, a rotating motor 102, an electric control cabinet 103, a control switch box 104, a rotating shaft 105, a chain wheel 106, a rotating shaft 107 and a speed regulator 108.
The data acquisition device comprises a two-in-one sensor 201, a sound pressure sensor 202, a rotating slip ring 203, a controller 204 and a display screen 205.
The fabricated loading wheel 3 comprises a split wheel 301, a flange 302, a compression leg 303 and a guide leg 304.
The support framework comprises a profile frame 401, an armrest 402, a display screen fixing support 403, a motor support 404, a collecting instrument mounting plate 405, a bottom plate 406, a connecting plate 407 and a vertical plate 408.
The matched auxiliary fittings comprise a chain guard 501, a hexagon bolt 502, a gasket 503, a round nut 504, a deep groove ball bearing with a dustproof cover 505, a spacer ring 506 and a rotating bracket 507.
An assembly view of a fabricated loader wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 4. The fabricated loader wheel 3 comprises a split wheel 301, a flange 302, a compression leg 303 and a guide leg 304 (the guide leg 304 is between the two-in-one sensor 201 and the compression leg 303, which is not shown). The split type wheel 301 is trimmed, the compression leg 303 is connected with the two-in-one sensor 201 through the guide leg 304, and the floating ball head of the compression leg exceeds the section of the split type wheel by 2mm and is used for applying pulse excitation to a track. In addition, fillets are arranged at the front edge and the rear edge of the tangent plane of the split type wheel 301, so that secondary impact on the rail caused by edges and corners is avoided. Two split type wheels 301 are connected through a flange 302, so that the two-in-one sensor 201 and the wheel body 301 can be replaced conveniently, and the flange has a avoiding channel to facilitate the connection of a sensor line.
In this embodiment, can change assembled loading wheel 3 according to the track fastener interval of difference, make the girth of assembled wheel 3 close with the track's that awaits measuring fastener interval, when guaranteeing assembled loading wheel 3's initial position directly over the fastener, the wheel is once rotatory for a week, and the compression leg strikes the rail, and every loading all is near the fastener.
Referring to fig. 2, the supporting framework includes a profile frame 401, a handrail 402, a display screen fixing bracket 403, a motor bracket 404, a collecting instrument mounting plate 405, a bottom plate 406, a connecting plate 407, and a vertical plate 408. The profile frame 401 is used as a main framework structure and is connected with a collecting instrument mounting plate 405 and a bottom plate 406 for mounting the controller 204, the storage battery 101 and the rotating motor 102. The handrail 402 is connected with the profile frame 401, so that a user can conveniently hold the loading mechanism by hands, and the user can stably move forward. The display screen fixing bracket 403 is connected with the profile frame 401 and is used for installing a display screen. The vertical plate 407 connects the rotating shaft 105 and the supporting framework. Two ends of the connecting plate 406 are respectively connected with the vertical plate 407 for ensuring the stability of the vertical plate.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the data acquisition device includes a two-in-one sensor 201, an acoustic pressure sensor 202, a rotating slip ring 203, a controller 204 and a display screen 205. The two-in-one force sensor 201 is installed inside the split type wheel 301, is connected with the compression leg through the guide column, and is used for collecting the impact force signal and the vibration acceleration signal of the split type wheel 3. The sound pressure sensor 202 is fixedly installed below the profile frame 401 and used for collecting sound pressure signals when the compression column impacts a track, and the rotating slip ring 204 is connected with the rotating shaft 105 and the vertical plate 407 and used for taking out impact force signals and vibration acceleration signals collected by the two-in-one sensor 201. The controller 204 is connected with the two-in-one sensor 201 and the sound pressure sensor 202 and is used for storing the acquired impact force signal, vibration acceleration and sound pressure information. The display screen 205 can observe whether the acquired data is accurate in real time.
Referring to fig. 2, the power drive system includes a battery 101, a rotating electric machine 102, an electric control cabinet 103, a control switch box 104, a rotating shaft 105, a sprocket 106, a rotating shaft 107, and a speed regulator 108, wherein the rotating shaft 105, the sprocket 106, and the speed regulator 108 are not shown in the drawing. The battery 101 is fixed to the collection instrument mounting plate 405 and supplies power to the cart. The rotary motor 102 is fixed to the motor bracket 404 and provides forward power to the cart. The electrical control cabinet 103 is fixed on the section bar frame 401, and components such as a 24V direct current power supply, a relay, a breaker and the like are arranged in the electrical control cabinet. The 24V direct current power supply converts 240V alternating current into 24V direct current to supply power to electronic components such as a sensor; the relay provides simple control logic, such as switching between a manual gear and an automatic gear of the switch, counting the number of rotating turns and the like; the breaker provides power utilization guarantee. The control switch box 104 is fixed on the section bar frame 401 and has manual, automatic and stop buttons for controlling the start and stop of the loading mechanism. One of the chain wheels 106 is connected with the rotating motor 102, the other chain wheel is connected with the rotating shaft 107, the rotating shaft 105 is connected with the two chain wheels, the rotating shaft 107 is connected with the chain wheels, the vertical plates, the assembled loading wheel 3 and the rotating slip ring, and the chain 102, the chain wheel 106 and the rotating shaft 107 act together to enable the rotating motor 102 to drive the assembled loading wheel 3 to roll and advance. A speed regulator 108 is affixed to the cabinet surface for regulating the motor rotation speed and thus the travel speed of the loading mechanism.
The matched auxiliary fittings comprise a chain guard 501, a hexagon bolt 502, a gasket 503, a round nut 504, a deep groove ball bearing with a dust cover 505, a spacer ring 506 and a rotating bracket 507. The chain guard 501 is mounted outside the chain for protecting the chain. The hexagon bolt 502 and the gasket 503 are used for connection between the components. The round nut 504, the deep groove ball bearing with the dust cover 505 and the spacer ring 506 are used for connecting the rotating shaft 105 and the vertical plate 407. The rotating bracket 507 is used for connecting the vertical plate 407 and the rotating slip ring 204, so that one end of the rotating slip ring is fixed, and the other end of the rotating slip ring rotates along with the rotating shaft.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two-in-one sensor, the sound pressure sensor, the controller, etc. can be products of the prior art, and table 1 provides an example of the selection of the above-mentioned devices.
Table 1 instrument parameters:
the pulse excitation loading mechanism with the track structure provided by the embodiment of the invention supplies power through the storage battery, advances by using the driving equipment, works through the switch box control device, and adjusts the advancing speed by using the speed regulator. The device can collect force, vibration acceleration and noise signals when the device is loaded on a track, and combines the existing data analysis program, so that the detection process of track diseases becomes a set of complete system. The working process of the pulse excitation loading mechanism of the track structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the whole set of equipment is powered by the storage battery and advances by the rotating motor driving device. Firstly, the assembled loading wheel is processed by section cutting, so that the loading of pulse excitation can be realized when the wheel advances along the test track. When the test task is executed, the assembly type loading wheel with the circumference close to the distance between the fasteners is replaced in advance according to the actual distance between the fasteners, during the test, the flat surface of the assembly type loading wheel is placed right above the fasteners, one person holds the equipment along the advancing direction, the starting switch is pressed, and the device advances at a set speed. When the assembled loading wheel rotates and advances, the wheel section can contact with the steel rail, so that the compression column impacts the steel rail. And the pressure column impacts the steel rail once every time the assembled loading wheel rotates for one circle, so that the pulse excitation loading is realized. The vibration acceleration two-in-one sensor and the sound pressure sensor acquire data in real time and store the data in the controller; and when the experiment task end position is reached, the stop switch is pressed down, the data collected by the controller is exported, and subsequent analysis is carried out.
Fillets are arranged at the front edge and the rear edge of the tangent plane of the assembled loading wheel, so that secondary impact is avoided to interfere with the experimental result. The two-in-one sensor is used for collecting an impact force signal and a vibration acceleration signal of a wheel, and the sound pressure sensor is used for collecting a noise signal.
The assembled loading wheel automatically completes excitation application in the advancing process, can ensure the consistent exciting force in each time under the condition of controlling the advancing speed to be unchanged, and can solve the problem of uneven force amplitude during manual knocking. The loading force can be adjusted by adjusting the weight and the advancing speed of the loading mechanism, and the height of the highest point of each falling is only related to the wheel diameter and the design height of the flat surface, so that the applied exciting force is more stable, the stability of the loading mechanism can be ensured, and the problem of stability reduction caused by the fact that other mobile loading devices increase the loading force can be solved.
During design, the circumference of the assembly type loading wheel is close to the distance between the fasteners of the test track, when the initial position of the assembly type loading wheel is ensured to be right above the fasteners, the assembly type loading wheel is loaded nearby the fasteners every time, the acquired information can reflect the state of the fasteners, the accuracy is improved, and the problem that the loading positions of other mobile loading devices deviate from the fasteners far can be solved.
And a display screen is arranged on the equipment, and whether the acquired data is accurate or not is observed during field test. All the collected data are stored in the local controller, and data export can be carried out after field test is completed. And then, analyzing the impact force signal, the vibration acceleration and the sound pressure information, and carrying out quantitative analysis on the rail diseases through the existing data analysis program to obtain a rail disease identification result, wherein the result is real and reliable. Compared with the traditional detection method which depends on manual experience judgment, the method is more accurate and can be found in time when the disease is not characterized to be in a more obvious state.
As can be seen from the above embodiments of the present invention, the pulsed excitation loading mechanism of the track structure has three main functions:
first, it can provide stable pulse excitation, and the contact force is basically consistent on different track structures, and it can be used as standard excitation source.
Second, the force and acceleration can be tested simultaneously to calculate the dynamic stiffness at the rail contact point. Respectively carrying out fast Fourier transform on the force data and the acceleration data through the tested force data and acceleration data to obtain frequency response of exciting force and acceleration, calculating the dynamic stiffness of a track contact point according to the following formula, and taking the average value of stiffness results under each impact in a certain length as the dynamic stiffness of the track structure in the section;
thirdly, recognizing the track diseases according to differences of vibration and noise by collecting vibration and noise signals of the track structure under the action of standard excitation.
ZDAnd (omega) is a dynamic stiffness matrix, F (omega) is an impact load vector in a frequency domain, A (omega) is a steel rail acceleration frequency domain response vector, and omega is frequency.
In summary, the device of the embodiment of the invention can adjust the magnitude of the loading force by adjusting the weight and the advancing speed of the loading mechanism on the premise of ensuring the amplitude of the loading force and the pulse characteristic, and the height of the highest point of each falling is only related to the wheel diameter and the design height of the flat surface, so that the applied excitation force is more stable, the stability of the loading mechanism can be ensured, the detection trolley can run more stably, and the device can be used as a standard pulse excitation source. The application method can simultaneously test the force and the acceleration, and the dynamic stiffness of the contact point of the track is calculated through admittance. By utilizing the characteristic of standard pulse load, track diseases can be identified when the structure response is different under the action of the same excitation source. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, they are described in relative terms, as long as they are described in partial descriptions of method embodiments. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
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