CN113828506A - An intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables - Google Patents

An intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113828506A
CN113828506A CN202111356599.9A CN202111356599A CN113828506A CN 113828506 A CN113828506 A CN 113828506A CN 202111356599 A CN202111356599 A CN 202111356599A CN 113828506 A CN113828506 A CN 113828506A
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China
Prior art keywords
vegetables
fruits
cavity
outlet
fruit
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CN202111356599.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113828506B (en
Inventor
宋钊
张白鸽
余超然
陈潇
何裕志
曹健
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Vegetable Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Sciences
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Vegetable Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Sciences
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Priority to CN202111356599.9A priority Critical patent/CN113828506B/en
Publication of CN113828506A publication Critical patent/CN113828506A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/18—Drum screens
    • B07B1/22—Revolving drums
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
    • A23N12/06—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for washing or blanching, combined with subsequent drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
    • B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
    • B08B1/32—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • B08B3/022—Cleaning travelling work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables, which comprises a mounting rack and a sorting assembly arranged on the mounting rack, the sorting assembly comprises a feeding mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a drying mechanism and a screening mechanism, the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt and a first motor for driving the conveying belt to move, one end of the conveying belt is provided with a material collecting bin, the other end of the conveying belt is provided with a material discharging cavity, the material collecting cavity is connected with the feeding mechanism in a matching way, the material discharging cavity is connected with the cleaning mechanism in a matching way, through combining a plurality of processes such as fruit vegetables material loading, washing, stoving, screening together, the problem of mainly relying on the manual work to operate such as the letter sorting of having solved fruit vegetables, washing, stoving, screening has realized the full-automatic of fruit vegetables letter sorting, has effectively improved the production efficiency of fruit vegetables letter sorting, has reduced manual production's intensity of labour.

Description

Intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables
Field of application
The invention relates to the field of agricultural instruments, in particular to an intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables.
Background
The fruits and vegetables are indispensable food for daily diet of people in China, and due to the limitation of growth environment and nutrient supply, the fruit and vegetable products have different sizes and greatly different tastes and varieties, so that the economic value of the fruit and vegetable products can be remarkably improved while the requirements of different consumers are met by selling the harvested fruits and vegetables in a grading manner. At present, foreign fruit and vegetable sorting technology is advanced, grading sorting of a series of indexes such as size, weight, internal quality and external quality can be achieved according to types of fruits and vegetables, the domestic fruit and vegetable sorting technology is in a pursuing process, most of devices can meet requirements under a single sorting index, and the fruit and vegetable sorting technology is deficient in overall function. The sorting processing of the fruits and the vegetables mainly comprises the steps of cleaning, drying, sorting and the like, wherein the cleaning is to remove impurities such as fallen leaves, soil and the like attached to the fruits and the vegetables; the drying is to remove the water in the cleaning process in the shortest time; sorting is to distinguish fruits and vegetables with different specifications. However, in the existing fruit and vegetable sorting machine, the procedures of cleaning, drying, sorting and the like are independent, so that the time cost is undoubtedly increased, and the production efficiency of enterprises is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides an intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables comprises a mounting rack and sorting assemblies arranged on the mounting rack;
the sorting assembly comprises a feeding mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a drying mechanism and a screening mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt and a first motor for driving the conveying belt to move;
the cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning cavity, a plurality of rows of rotating shafts are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the cleaning cavity, a plurality of friction wheels are arranged on the rotating shaft of each row, the rotating shafts can drive the friction wheels to rotate, and a first sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the cleaning cavity and used for detecting flow information of fruits and vegetables in the cleaning cavity;
the drying mechanism is connected with the cleaning mechanism and comprises a drying cavity, a feeding belt is arranged in the middle of the drying cavity, a plurality of air blowers are arranged above and below the feeding belt, the air blowers are sequentially arranged along the feeding direction of the feeding belt, and an infrared thermal imager is arranged in the drying cavity;
screening mechanism with wiper mechanism is connected, screening mechanism is including screening chamber, screening intracavity is provided with a sieve section of thick bamboo, a sieve section of thick bamboo can screening intracavity rotates, screening chamber includes first fruit vegetables processing area, second fruit vegetables processing area, third fruit vegetables processing area to be used for carrying out automatic grading to the fruit vegetables according to the fruit vegetables size, set up the fourth sensor on the sieve section of thick bamboo.
Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper, the feeding hopper is disposed in a trapezoid shape, an upper end area of the feeding hopper is larger than a lower end area of the feeding hopper, and a side wall of the feeding hopper is provided with a second sensor, and the second sensor is configured to detect position information of the fruit and vegetable in the feeding hopper.
Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a partition plate is disposed at the top of the cleaning cavity, a drainage cavity is disposed at the bottom of the cleaning cavity, the bottom of the drainage cavity is connected to the liquid collecting barrel in a matching manner, a second motor is disposed on the side wall of the drainage cavity, and an output end of the second motor is connected to the rotating shaft in a matching manner, so that the second motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate.
Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating shaft is provided with a water inlet channel and a water outlet hole, one end of the water outlet hole is communicated with the water inlet channel, the other end of the water outlet hole is connected with a nozzle in a matching manner, and the water inlet channel is provided with a flow regulating valve.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blower is correspondingly provided with a heating mechanism and a temperature control mechanism, the temperature control mechanism is electrically connected to the heating mechanism, and the drying chamber is provided with a third sensor.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wall of the screen cylinder is provided with three screen holes with different diameters along the length direction, the first screen hole, the second screen hole and the third screen hole are arranged from left to right in sequence, and the diameters of the first screen hole, the second screen hole and the third screen hole are increased in sequence.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the sieving chamber is provided with a first outlet, a second outlet and a third outlet, the first outlet is arranged below the first sieve mesh, the second outlet is arranged below the second sieve mesh, the third outlet is arranged below the third sieve mesh, the fruits and vegetables with smaller external dimensions flow out through the first outlet, the fruits and vegetables with moderate external dimensions flow out through the second outlet, and the fruits and vegetables with larger external dimensions flow out through the third outlet.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third motor is disposed on a side wall of the sieving chamber, and an output end of the third motor is cooperatively connected to the sieving drum, so that the third motor can drive the sieving drum to rotate.
The second aspect of the invention provides a control method applied to an intelligent fruit and vegetable sorting system, which is applied to any intelligent fruit and vegetable sorting system and comprises the following steps:
pouring fruits and vegetables into the feeding mechanism, sensing fruit and vegetable information and feeding back the information by the second sensor, and controlling the first motor to start by the control system so as to drive the conveying belt to move;
the conveying belt drives the fruits and vegetables into the cleaning cavity, the first sensor senses information of the fruits and vegetables and feeds back the information, the control system controls the second motor to be started to drive the friction wheel to rotate through the rotating shaft, the fruits and vegetables roll forward under the action of the friction wheel, and meanwhile, the spray head is opened to spray water to clean the rolled fruits and vegetables;
after cleaning, the fruits and vegetables are conveyed into the drying cavity, the third sensor senses fruit and vegetable information and feeds back the information, the control system controls the feeding belt and the air blower to be started, and when the fruits and vegetables move along the feeding belt, hot air blown by the air blower dries the fruits and vegetables;
after drying, the fruits and vegetables are conveyed into the screen drum, the fourth sensor senses fruit and vegetable information and feeds back the information, and the control system controls the third motor to be started to drive the screen drum to rotate;
the less fruit vegetables of overall dimension flow out at first export, and the moderate fruit vegetables of overall dimension flow out at the second export, and the great fruit vegetables of overall dimension flow out at the third export.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hot air blown by the blower dries the fruits and vegetables, specifically:
acquiring thermal images of fruits and vegetables on a feeding belt in a drying cavity in real time through an infrared thermal imager, and then acquiring the thermal images from the infrared thermal imager by a control system;
the control system draws a fruit and vegetable temperature distribution diagram according to the thermal image and the temperature data, and compares the temperature distribution diagram with a preset temperature distribution diagram;
if the current temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the control system controls the temperature control mechanism to reduce the output power of the heating mechanism according to the current fruit and vegetable temperature, or properly accelerates the conveying speed of the conveying belt, so that the temperature is restored to the normal range;
if the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the control system controls the temperature control mechanism to increase the output power of the heating mechanism according to the current fruit and vegetable temperature, or properly reduces the conveying speed of the conveying belt, so that the temperature is restored to the normal range.
According to the intelligent sorting system applied to the fruits and vegetables, disclosed by the invention, a plurality of procedures such as loading, cleaning, drying and screening of the fruits and vegetables are organically combined, so that the problem that the sorting, cleaning, drying and screening of the fruits and vegetables are mainly operated manually is solved, the full automation of fruit and vegetable sorting is realized, the production efficiency of fruit and vegetable sorting is effectively improved, and the labor intensity of manual production is reduced; the fruits and vegetables can roll and advance under the action of the friction wheel, and the rolled fruits and vegetables are sprayed and washed in all directions through the spray heads, so that the washing effect is better, and the efficiency is higher; the air that the air-blower blew off blows to the fruit vegetables on the conveyer belt after heating mechanism heats for fruit vegetables surface moisture evaporates for drying mechanism's stoving effect is better, has saved the stoving time, improves drying efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings of the embodiments can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sorter assembly;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another perspective of the sorter assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a transfer mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of the washing mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the cleaning mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the drying mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the sifting mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a screen cylinder;
the reference numerals are explained below: 101. a mounting frame; 102. a feeding mechanism; 103. a transport mechanism; 104. a cleaning mechanism; 105. a drying mechanism; 106. a screening mechanism; 107. a conveyor belt; 108. a first motor; 109. a material collecting bin; 201. a discharge cavity; 202. a feed hopper; 203. a cleaning chamber; 204. a rotating shaft; 205. a friction wheel; 206. a partition plate; 207. a drainage lumen; 208. a spray head; 209. a drying cavity; 302. a blower; 303. a screening chamber; 304. a screen cylinder; 305. a first screen hole; 306. a second sieve pore; 307. a third sieve pore; 308. a first outlet; 309. a second outlet; 401. a third outlet; 402. a third motor.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, wherein the drawings are simplified schematic drawings and only the basic structure of the present invention is illustrated schematically, so that only the structure related to the present invention is shown, and it is to be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be considered limiting of the scope of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention provides an intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables, which comprises a mounting rack 101 and sorting assemblies mounted on the mounting rack 101.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the sorting assembly includes a feeding mechanism 102, a conveying mechanism 103, a cleaning mechanism 104, a drying mechanism 105, and a screening mechanism 106, the conveying mechanism 103 includes a conveyor belt 107 and a first motor 108 for driving the conveyor belt 107 to move, one end of the conveyor belt 107 is provided with a material collecting bin 109, the other end is provided with a material discharging cavity 201, the material collecting cavity is connected with the feeding mechanism 102 in a matching manner, and the material discharging cavity 201 is connected with the cleaning mechanism 104 in a matching manner.
Feed mechanism 102 includes feeder hopper 202, feeder hopper 202 is the trapezoidal form setting, just the upper end area of feeder hopper 202 is greater than the lower extreme area, be provided with the second sensor on the lateral wall of feeder hopper 202, the second sensor is used for detecting fruit vegetables positional information in the feeder hopper 202.
It should be noted that, unsorted fruits and vegetables are poured into the feeding hopper 202, and may be poured by a manipulator or manually, and as the case may be, after the fruits and vegetables are poured into the feeding hopper 202, the fruits and vegetables flow into the collecting bin 109 of the conveyor belt 107 along the feeding hopper 202, and then the fruits and vegetables flow into the cleaning cavity 203 in order under the driving of the conveyor belt 107. First, the feeding hopper 202 is in a trapezoid shape, the area of the upper end is larger than that of the lower end, the side wall is in an inclined shape, and when fruits and vegetables enter, the fruits and vegetables slide down on the side wall, and then enter the collecting bin 109. Secondly, the second sensor can be photoelectric sensor, when the second sensor discerns that there is the fruit vegetables to enter into feeder hopper 202, just feed back the signal to control system, control system control first motor 108 is opened afterwards for conveyer belt 107 begins the operation, in order to carry the fruit vegetables to washing chamber 203, when the fruit vegetables can not be responded to the second sensor, control system just can control first motor 108 and stop, so, just can intelligent control the opening of conveyer belt 107, resources are saved greatly, and the life of system has been improved. In addition, the bottom of feeder hopper 202 communicates with each other with the aggregate bin 109 of conveyer belt 107, sets up aggregate bin 109 and shunts the fruit vegetables, makes its orderly entering of range wash the chamber 203 in, and its theory of operation is: after the fruit vegetables flowed to the intracavity that gathers materials by feeder hopper 202, the fruit vegetables just can be piled up in the intracavity that gathers materials, then the fruit vegetables of below can be taken out under the frictional force effect of conveyer belt 107, then gets into along conveyer belt 107 and washs chamber 203 for the fruit vegetables can be orderly enter into and wash the chamber 203 in.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the cleaning mechanism 104 includes a cleaning cavity 203, the cleaning cavity 203 is provided with a plurality of rows of rotating shafts 204 at intervals along the length direction, and each row of rotating shafts 204 is provided with a plurality of friction wheels 205, the rotating shafts 204 can drive the friction wheels 205 to rotate, a first sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the cleaning cavity 203, the first sensor is used for detecting the flow information of fruits and vegetables in the cleaning cavity 203, and the first sensor can be a photoelectric sensor.
Wash the top in chamber 203 and be provided with baffle 206, the bottom of wasing chamber 203 is provided with drainage chamber 207, the bottom and the collecting tank cooperation in drainage chamber 207 are connected, the lateral wall in drainage chamber 207 is provided with the second motor, the output of second motor with axis of rotation 204 cooperation is connected to it rotates to drive axis of rotation 204 through the second motor.
The rotating shaft 204 is provided with a water inlet channel and a water outlet hole, one end of the water outlet hole is communicated with the water inlet channel, the other end of the water outlet hole is connected with a spray head 208 in a matched mode, and the water inlet channel is provided with a flow regulating valve.
It should be noted that, the cleaning cavity 203 is provided with a plurality of rows of rotating shafts 204 at intervals along the length direction, and each row of rotating shafts 204 is provided with a plurality of friction wheels 205, and the friction wheels 205 on each two rows are arranged in a staggered manner. When the fruit vegetables flow to washing chamber 203, first sensor discernment fruit vegetables signal of taking one's place and feed back signal to control system on, control system control axis of rotation 204 rotates, friction pulley 205 rotates along with axis of rotation 204, the fruit vegetables just can roll under the frictional force effect of friction pulley 205 and advance, at this moment, control system opens shower nozzle 208, to the fruit vegetables water spray cleaning that rolls forward, so, the fruit vegetables can roll forward under the effect of friction pulley 205, then carry out all-round spray cleaning to the fruit vegetables that roll through shower nozzle 208, the cleaning performance is better, efficiency is higher.
It should be noted that, if the fruits and vegetables are picked in rainy days, more impurities such as soil can be attached to the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables, and at this time, the rotating speed of the friction wheel 205 can be properly reduced by controlling the second motor, so that the time for spraying is longer, or the power for spraying water by the spray head 208 is increased by the flow regulating valve, so that the impurities attached to the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables can be sprayed and washed cleanly. In addition, the top of the cleaning cavity 203 is provided with a partition 206, and the partition 206 can be a transparent glass plate, so that the water of the spray head 208 can be prevented from being sprayed out of the cleaning cavity 203 when the cleaning condition of fruits and vegetables inside the cleaning cavity 203 is observed conveniently. Be provided with drainage chamber 207 in the bottom that washs chamber 203, drainage chamber 207 bottom is connected with the collecting tank cooperation, and the sewage of spray rinsing fruit vegetables flows to the collecting tank in along with drainage chamber 207, then collects sewage through the collecting tank, then sewage can be through the sedimentation treatment after, the reuse is used for spray rinsing fruit vegetables, cyclic utilization, resources are saved.
As shown in fig. 6, the drying mechanism 105 is connected to the cleaning mechanism 104, the drying mechanism 105 includes a drying chamber 209, a feeding belt is disposed in the middle of the drying chamber 209, a plurality of air blowers 302 are disposed above and below the feeding belt, the air blowers 302 are arranged in sequence along the feeding direction of the feeding belt, and an infrared thermal imager is disposed in the drying chamber 209.
The air blower 302 is correspondingly provided with a heating mechanism and a temperature control mechanism, the temperature control mechanism is electrically connected with the heating mechanism, and the drying cavity 209 is provided with a third sensor.
It should be noted that, the third sensor can be a photoelectric sensor, and when the third sensor identified the fruit vegetables and entered into the inside signal of stoving chamber 209, the third sensor fed back the signal to control system on, control system received the signal after, control the feeding belt and opened for the feeding belt drives the fruit vegetables along the orderly removal in the stoving chamber 209, and simultaneously, the controller control air-blower 302 and the heating mechanism are opened, thereby carries out drying process to the fruit vegetables. When the third sensor does not recognize the fruit and vegetable signal, the signal is also fed back to the control system, and the control system controls the conveyor belt 107, the blower 302 and the heating mechanism to be closed, so that the energy waste is avoided.
It should be noted that the blower 302 is disposed above and below the feeding belt, and the feeding belt is of a grid structure, so that the wind blown by the blower 302 can be blown onto the fruits and vegetables in all directions. Correspond in the air outlet department of each air-blower 302 and be provided with heating mechanism, like electric heating coil, heat energy pipe etc. when air-blower 302 starts, heating mechanism starts simultaneously, and the wind that air-blower 302 blew off blows to the fruit vegetables on the conveyer belt after heating mechanism heats, so, can accelerate fruit vegetables surface moisture evaporation for drying mechanism 105's stoving effect is better, has saved the stoving time, improves drying efficiency.
It should be noted that, temperature control mechanism and heating mechanism electric connection, when infrared thermal imager detected the temperature unusual, to signal feedback to control system, control system control temperature control mechanism control heating mechanism's temperature for heating mechanism can send suitable heat, makes the temperature stability after the air that air-blower 302 blew off through heating mechanism heating, and the wind temperature after avoiding heating is too high leads to the rotten or temperature after the heating of fruit vegetables to hang down the condition that leads to the stoving effect to reduce to appear excessively. The temperature control mechanism belongs to the prior art, and the implementation principle thereof is not described in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the screening mechanism 106 is connected to the cleaning mechanism 104, the screening mechanism 106 includes a screening chamber 303, a screening barrel 304 is disposed in the screening chamber 303, the screening barrel 304 can rotate in the screening chamber 303, the screening chamber 303 includes a first fruit and vegetable processing area, a second fruit and vegetable processing area and a third fruit and vegetable processing area for automatically grading fruits and vegetables according to the size of the fruits and vegetables, and a fourth sensor is disposed on the screening barrel 304.
The wall of the screen cylinder 304 is provided with three screen holes with different diameters from left to right, the three screen holes are a first screen hole 305, a second screen hole 306 and a third screen hole 307 in sequence, and the diameters of the first screen hole 305, the second screen hole 306 and the third screen hole 307 are increased in sequence.
The bottom of the screened cavity 303 is provided with a first outlet 308, a second outlet 309 and a third outlet 401, the first outlet 308 is arranged below the first sieve hole 305, the second outlet 309 is arranged below the second sieve hole 306, the third outlet 401 is arranged below the third sieve hole 307, fruits and vegetables with small external dimensions flow out from the first outlet 308, fruits and vegetables with medium external dimensions flow out from the second outlet 309, and fruits and vegetables with large external dimensions flow out from the third outlet 401.
The side wall of the sieving cavity 303 is provided with a third motor 402, and the output end of the third motor 402 is connected with the sieving cylinder 304 in a matching manner, so that the third motor 402 can drive the sieving cylinder 304 to rotate.
It should be noted that the fourth sensor may be a photoelectric sensor, when the fourth sensor identifies that the fruits and vegetables enter the sieving chamber 303, the fourth sensor feeds back a signal to the control system, the control system controls the third motor 402 to be turned on, so that the third motor 402 drives the sieve drum 304 to rotate, the sieve drum 304 is divided into three regions, namely, a first fruit and vegetable processing region, a second fruit and vegetable processing region and a third fruit and vegetable processing region, the first sieve mesh 305 and the first outlet 308 form the first fruit and vegetable processing region, and the fruits and vegetables with smaller external dimensions can be sieved in the first fruit and vegetable processing region; the second sieve hole 306 and the second outlet 309 form a second fruit and vegetable processing area, and fruits and vegetables with moderate appearance and size can be screened out in the second fruit and vegetable processing area; the third screen hole 307 and the third outlet 401 form a third fruit and vegetable processing area, and fruits and vegetables with larger external dimensions can be screened out in the third fruit and vegetable processing area. In addition, a sieve section of thick bamboo 304 is for can dismantling the structure, when the fruit vegetables of letter sorting difference, only need corresponding sieve section of thick bamboo 304 change both can, can satisfy multiple fruit vegetables letter sorting demand, more humanized.
The specific working process is as follows: fruits and vegetables are poured into the feeding mechanism 102, the second sensor senses fruit and vegetable information and feeds back the information, and the control system controls the first motor 108 to be started to drive the conveyor belt 107 to move; the conveying belt 107 drives the fruits and vegetables into the cleaning cavity 203, the first sensor senses information of the fruits and vegetables and feeds back the information, the control system controls the second motor to be started to drive the friction wheel 205 to rotate through the rotating shaft 204, the fruits and vegetables roll and advance under the action of the friction wheel 205, and meanwhile, the spray head 208 is started to spray water to clean the rolled fruits and vegetables; after cleaning, fruits and vegetables are conveyed into the drying cavity 209, the third sensor senses the information of the fruits and vegetables and feeds back the information, the control system controls the feeding belt and the air blower 302 to be opened, and the fruits and vegetables move along the feeding belt, and meanwhile, the hot air blown by the air blower 302 dries the fruits and vegetables; after drying, fruits and vegetables are conveyed into the screen drum 304, the fourth sensor senses fruit and vegetable information and feeds back the information, and the control system controls the third motor 402 to be started to drive the screen drum 304 to rotate; the fruits and vegetables with small overall dimensions flow out at a first outlet 308, the fruits and vegetables with moderate overall dimensions flow out at a second outlet 309, and the fruits and vegetables with large overall dimensions flow out at a third outlet 401. So, through combining a plurality of processes such as fruit vegetables material loading, washing, stoving, screening together, solved the problem that sorting, washing, stoving, screening etc. of fruit vegetables mainly all operated by the manual work, realized the full automation of fruit vegetables letter sorting, effectively improved the production efficiency of fruit vegetables letter sorting, reduced manual production's intensity of labour.
Example two:
the second aspect of the invention provides a control method applied to an intelligent fruit and vegetable sorting system, which is applied to any intelligent fruit and vegetable sorting system and comprises the following steps:
pouring fruits and vegetables into the feeding mechanism, sensing fruit and vegetable information and feeding back the information by the second sensor, and controlling the first motor to start by the control system so as to drive the conveying belt to move;
the conveying belt drives the fruits and vegetables into the cleaning cavity, the first sensor senses information of the fruits and vegetables and feeds back the information, the control system controls the second motor to be started to drive the friction wheel to rotate through the rotating shaft, the fruits and vegetables roll forward under the action of the friction wheel, and meanwhile, the spray head is opened to spray water to clean the rolled fruits and vegetables;
after cleaning, the fruits and vegetables are conveyed into the drying cavity, the third sensor senses fruit and vegetable information and feeds back the information, the control system controls the feeding belt and the air blower to be started, and when the fruits and vegetables move along the feeding belt, hot air blown by the air blower dries the fruits and vegetables;
after drying, the fruits and vegetables are conveyed into the screen drum, the fourth sensor senses fruit and vegetable information and feeds back the information, and the control system controls the third motor to be started to drive the screen drum to rotate;
the less fruit vegetables of overall dimension flow out at first export, and the moderate fruit vegetables of overall dimension flow out at the second export, and the great fruit vegetables of overall dimension flow out at the third export.
Wherein, the hot-blast drying process of carrying out to the fruit vegetables that the air-blower blew off specifically is:
acquiring thermal images of fruits and vegetables on a feeding belt in a drying cavity in real time through an infrared thermal imager, and then acquiring the thermal images from the infrared thermal imager by a control system;
the control system draws a fruit and vegetable temperature distribution diagram according to the thermal image and the temperature data, and compares the temperature distribution diagram with a preset temperature distribution diagram;
if the current temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the control system controls the temperature control mechanism to reduce the output power of the heating mechanism according to the current fruit and vegetable temperature, or properly accelerates the conveying speed of the conveying belt, so that the temperature is restored to the normal range;
if the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the control system controls the temperature control mechanism to increase the output power of the heating mechanism according to the current fruit and vegetable temperature, or properly reduces the conveying speed of the conveying belt, so that the temperature is restored to the normal range.
It should be noted that, temperature-controlled mechanism and heating mechanism electric connection, when infrared thermal imaging system detected the temperature unusual, to signal feedback to control system, control system control temperature-controlled mechanism control heating mechanism's temperature for heating mechanism can send suitable heat, makes the temperature stability of the wind that the air-blower blew off after heating mechanism heating, and the wind temperature after avoiding heating is too high leads to the condition that the rotten fruit vegetables or the temperature after heating is crossed lowly and leads to drying effect to reduce to appear.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1.一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统，包括安装架以及安装在安装架上的分拣组件，其特征在于：1. an intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables, comprising a mounting rack and a sorting assembly installed on the mounting rack, characterized in that: 所述分拣组件包括上料机构、传送机构、清洗机构、烘干机构、筛分机构，所述传送机构包括传送带以及带动所述传送带运动的第一电机，所述传送带的一端设置有集料仓，另一端设置有出料腔，所述集料腔与所述上料机构配合连接，所述出料腔与所述清洗机构配合连接；The sorting assembly includes a feeding mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a drying mechanism, and a screening mechanism. The conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt and a first motor that drives the conveyor belt to move. One end of the conveyor belt is provided with aggregates a bin, the other end is provided with a discharge cavity, the collecting cavity is connected with the feeding mechanism, and the discharge cavity is connected with the cleaning mechanism; 所述清洗机构包括清洗腔，所述清洗腔沿长度方向间隔设置有若干排转动轴，且每一排的转动轴上设置有若干个摩擦轮，所述转动轴能够带动所述摩擦轮转动，所述清洗腔的内壁上设置有第一传感器，所述第一传感器用于检测清洗腔内果蔬的流量信息；The cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning cavity, the cleaning cavity is provided with several rows of rotating shafts at intervals along the length direction, and each row of rotating shafts is provided with a number of friction wheels, and the rotating shaft can drive the friction wheels to rotate, A first sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the cleaning cavity, and the first sensor is used to detect the flow information of fruits and vegetables in the cleaning cavity; 所述烘干机构与所述清洗机构相连接，所述烘干机构包括烘干腔，所述烘干腔的中部设置有送料带，所述送料带的上方与下方均设置有若干个鼓风机，所述鼓风机沿所述送料带输送的方向依序排列，所述烘干腔内设置有红外热成像仪；The drying mechanism is connected with the cleaning mechanism, the drying mechanism includes a drying cavity, a feeding belt is arranged in the middle of the drying cavity, and several blowers are arranged above and below the feeding belt, The blowers are arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the feeding belt, and an infrared thermal imager is arranged in the drying cavity; 所述筛分机构与所述清洗机构相连接，所述筛分机构包括筛分腔，所述筛分腔内设置有筛筒，所述筛筒能够在所述筛分腔内转动，所述筛分腔包括第一果蔬处理区、第二果蔬处理区、第三果蔬处理区，以用于根据果蔬大小对果蔬进行自动分级，所述筛筒上设置第四传感器。The screening mechanism is connected with the cleaning mechanism, and the screening mechanism includes a screening cavity, and a screen drum is arranged in the screening cavity, and the screen drum can rotate in the screening cavity. The sieving cavity includes a first fruit and vegetable processing area, a second fruit and vegetable processing area, and a third fruit and vegetable processing area for automatically grading fruits and vegetables according to the size of the fruits and vegetables, and a fourth sensor is arranged on the sieve cylinder. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统，其特征在于：所述上料机构包括进料斗，所述进料斗呈梯形状设置，且所述进料斗的上端面积大于下端面积，所述进料斗的侧壁上设置有第二传感器，所述第二传感器用于检测进料斗内果蔬位置信息。2 . The intelligent sorting system for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1 , wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, the feeding hopper is arranged in a trapezoid shape, and the feeding hopper is 2. 3 . The upper end area of the hopper is larger than the lower end area, and a second sensor is arranged on the side wall of the feeding hopper, and the second sensor is used to detect the position information of fruits and vegetables in the feeding hopper. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统，其特征在于：所述清洗腔的顶部设置有隔板，所述清洗腔的底部设置有引流腔，所述引流腔的底部与集液桶配合连接，所述引流腔的侧壁设置有第二电机，所述第二电机的输出端与所述转动轴配合连接，以通过第二电机带动转动轴转动。3 . The intelligent sorting system for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1 , wherein the top of the cleaning cavity is provided with a partition plate, the bottom of the cleaning cavity is provided with a drainage cavity, and the drainage cavity is provided with a drainage cavity. 4 . The bottom of the drainage chamber is matched with the liquid collecting bucket, the side wall of the drainage cavity is provided with a second motor, and the output end of the second motor is connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate through the second motor. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统，其特征在于：所述转动轴上设置有进水流道与出流孔，所述出流孔的一端与所述进水流道相连通，且另一端配合连接有喷头，所述进水流道上设置流量调节阀。4 . The intelligent sorting system for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1 , wherein the rotating shaft is provided with a water inlet channel and an outlet hole, and one end of the outlet hole is connected to the inlet and outlet holes. 5 . The water flow channels are communicated with each other, and the other end is matched and connected with a spray head, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on the water inlet flow channel. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统，其特征在于：所述鼓风机上对应设置有加热机构与温控机构，所述温控机构与所述加热机构电性连接，所述烘干腔上设置有第三传感器。5 . The intelligent sorting system for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1 , wherein a heating mechanism and a temperature control mechanism are correspondingly provided on the blower, and the temperature control mechanism and the heating mechanism are electrically connected. 6 . connected, the drying cavity is provided with a third sensor. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统，其特征在于：所述筛筒筒壁沿长度方向设置有三种不同直径大小的筛孔，从左至右依次为第一筛孔、第二筛孔、第三筛孔，且第一筛孔、第二筛孔、第三筛孔的直径依次增大。6 . The intelligent sorting system for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1 , wherein the sieve cylinder wall is provided with three kinds of sieve holes with different diameters along the length direction. A sieve hole, a second sieve hole, and a third sieve hole, and the diameters of the first sieve hole, the second sieve hole, and the third sieve hole increase in sequence. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统，其特征在于：所筛分腔底部设置有第一出口、第二出口、第三出口，所述第一出口设置在所述第一筛孔的下方，所述第二出口设置在所述第二筛孔的下方，所述第三出口设置在第三筛孔的下方，外形尺寸较小的果蔬在第一出口流出，外形尺寸适中的果蔬在第二出口流出，外形尺寸较大的果蔬在第三出口流出。7. An intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables according to claim 6, characterized in that: the bottom of the screening cavity is provided with a first outlet, a second outlet and a third outlet, and the first outlet is provided at Below the first sieve hole, the second outlet is arranged below the second sieve hole, the third outlet is arranged below the third sieve hole, and fruits and vegetables with smaller external dimensions flow out from the first outlet , fruits and vegetables with moderate external dimensions flow out from the second outlet, and fruits and vegetables with larger external dimensions flow out from the third outlet. 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统，其特征在于：所述筛分腔的侧壁上设置有第三电机，所述第三电机的输出端与所述筛筒配合连接，以使得第三电机能够带动筛筒转动。8 . The intelligent sorting system for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1 , wherein a third motor is arranged on the side wall of the screening cavity, and the output end of the third motor is connected to the The sieve drum is matched and connected, so that the third motor can drive the sieve drum to rotate. 9.一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统的控制方法，应用于权利要求1-8任一所述的一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：9. A control method applied to an intelligent sorting system for fruits and vegetables, applied to the intelligent sorting system applied to fruits and vegetables according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: 将果蔬倒入上料机构内，第二传感器感应到果蔬信息并反馈信息，控制系统控制第一电机启动以带动传送带运动；Pour the fruits and vegetables into the feeding mechanism, the second sensor senses the fruit and vegetable information and feeds back the information, and the control system controls the first motor to start to drive the conveyor belt to move; 传送带将果蔬带动至清洗腔内，第一传感器感应到果蔬信息并反馈信息，控制系统控制第二电机启动以通过转动轴带动摩擦轮转动，果蔬在摩擦轮的作用下滚动前进，同时开启喷头，以对滚动的果蔬进行喷水清洗；The conveyor belt drives the fruits and vegetables into the cleaning chamber, the first sensor senses the fruit and vegetable information and feeds back the information, the control system controls the second motor to start to drive the friction wheel to rotate through the rotating shaft, the fruits and vegetables roll forward under the action of the friction wheel, and the nozzle is turned on at the same time. To spray water on rolling fruits and vegetables; 清洗完毕后，果蔬传送至烘干腔内，第三传感器感应到果蔬信息并反馈信息，控制系统控制送料带与鼓风机开启，果蔬沿送料带移动的同时，鼓风机吹出的热风对果蔬进行烘干处理；After cleaning, the fruits and vegetables are sent to the drying chamber. The third sensor senses the information of the fruits and vegetables and feeds back the information. The control system controls the feeding belt and the blower to turn on. While the fruits and vegetables move along the feeding belt, the hot air from the blower dries the fruits and vegetables. ; 烘干完毕后，果蔬传送至筛筒内，第四传感器感应到果蔬信息并反馈信息，控制系统控制第三电机开启以带动筛筒转动；After drying, the fruits and vegetables are sent to the sieve drum, the fourth sensor senses the fruit and vegetable information and feeds back the information, and the control system controls the third motor to turn on to drive the sieve drum to rotate; 外形尺寸较小的果蔬在第一出口流出，外形尺寸适中的果蔬在第二出口流出，外形尺寸较大的果蔬在第三出口流出。Fruits and vegetables with smaller external dimensions flow out from the first outlet, fruits and vegetables with moderate external dimensions flow out from the second outlet, and fruits and vegetables with larger external dimensions flow out from the third outlet. 10.根据权利要求9所述的一种应用于果蔬的智能分拣系统的控制方法，奇特在在于，鼓风机吹出的热风对果蔬进行烘干处理，具体为：10. A control method applied to an intelligent sorting system for fruits and vegetables according to claim 9, the peculiarity is that the hot air blown by the blower dries the fruits and vegetables, specifically: 通过红外热成像仪实时采集烘干腔内送料带上果蔬的热图像，然后控制系统从红外热成像仪中获取所述热图像；The thermal image of the fruits and vegetables on the feeding belt in the drying cavity is collected in real time by the infrared thermal imager, and then the control system obtains the thermal image from the infrared thermal imager; 控制系统根据热图像及温度数据，绘制果蔬温度分布图，将温度分布图与预设温度分布图进行比较；The control system draws the temperature distribution map of fruits and vegetables according to the thermal image and temperature data, and compares the temperature distribution map with the preset temperature distribution map; 若当前温度超过预设温度，则控制系统根据当前果蔬温度控制温控机构降低加热机构的输出功率，或适当加快送料带输送速度，使得温度恢复至正常范围；If the current temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the control system will control the temperature control mechanism to reduce the output power of the heating mechanism according to the current fruit and vegetable temperature, or appropriately speed up the conveying speed of the feeding belt, so that the temperature returns to the normal range; 若当前温度低于预设温度，则控制系统根据当前果蔬温度控制温控机构加大加热机构的输出功率，或适当降低送料带输送速度，使得温度恢复至正常范围。If the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the control system controls the temperature control mechanism to increase the output power of the heating mechanism according to the current fruit and vegetable temperature, or appropriately reduces the conveying speed of the feeding belt, so that the temperature returns to the normal range.
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