CN113783738A - SDN northbound interface implementation method with high expandability - Google Patents
SDN northbound interface implementation method with high expandability Download PDFInfo
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- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
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- H04L41/5041—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the time relationship between creation and deployment of a service
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-expandability SDN northbound interface implementation method, which expands a traditional northbound interface in a traditional SDN controller and implements the high-expandability northbound interface. And (3) constructing a virtual network by the aid of the heterogeneous forwarding equipment at the bottom layer of the upper-layer user abstraction, and shielding the bottom-layer details for the user. And packaging the upper-layer user service to the bottom-layer application, and automatically generating a deployment scheme to improve the resource utilization rate of the bottom-layer forwarding equipment. In addition, the northbound interface also supports the state detection and real-time fault recovery functions of the virtual network. The construction method is simple, flexible to realize and high in efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of northbound interfaces in an SDN framework, and particularly relates to a high-expandability SDN northbound interface implementation method.
Background
Different from the standard protocol of OpenFlow existing in the south interface of the SDN, the research work of the north interface of the SDN is still in the initial stage at present and is not developed to be mature. Because the variety of the controllers is various, and none of the controllers completely occupies the market share, so far, a unified specification does not exist for the SDN northbound interface, and the northbound interfaces of various controllers are different. Communities of organizations are also working to push their own northbound interfaces.
The northbound interface is the basis for communication between the SDN application layer and the SDN controller layer. The controller can be directly called to realize the network function by using the northbound interface protocol. As a network service provider, the network service provider can provide own service in a heterogeneous network without changing or deleting the service according to details, thereby saving a great deal of time and applying main energy to the realization of the network service. The main functions of the system are centralized on QoS configuration, virtual network management, topology management, routing management and the like, and the system is used for supporting the actual requirements of resource arrangement, service scheduling and the like which are lacked in the traditional network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-expandability SDN northbound interface implementation method aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for realizing a high-expandability northbound interface of an SDN (software defined network) is used for expanding the northbound interface in an SDN controller and realizing the northbound interface with high expandability. In order to shield the implementation details of the bottom layer device from the user, the northbound interface abstracts the bottom layer device into virtualized network elements with different functions, and all the virtualized network elements form a virtual network. In order to realize high-efficiency bottom-layer resource occupancy rate, the northbound interface provides a virtualized network slice for a user according to a user request, and provides an application interface for deploying a network function to a virtual network element for the user; the northbound interface supports a network administrator to effectively acquire the states of equipment and a link in real time, and timely make a corresponding response strategy, so that adverse results caused by faults or adjustment of the link are reduced; in addition, the requirement of multiple users in a cloud computing environment is met in order to realize pooling sharing of bottom-layer physical resources. The northbound interface enables automatic deployment of user requests and highest utilization of underlying physical resources.
Further, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) virtualized network element abstraction: the northbound interface abstracts the heterogeneous forwarding equipment at the bottom layer into a plurality of virtual network elements, constructs a virtual network by using the network elements, provides a full network view for a user, and simultaneously realizes flexible switching among different types of network elements. The northbound interface provides proper virtual network slices for the deployment of network functions according to the requirements of user services, and configures forwarding rules for the underlying switching equipment to ensure the correct operation of the virtual slices.
(2) Optimizing tenant request deployment: after the virtualized network is successfully deployed, the northbound interface will allow the user to deploy the network function requested by the user into the virtualized network. When receiving different network function deployment requests of a user, the northbound interface firstly merges the same network function nodes in the different requests, secondly deploys the merged network function requests to the virtualization slices corresponding to the user, and minimizes the use number of the virtualization network element nodes. The highest utilization of the underlying physical resources is achieved.
(3) Acquiring device and link states: the northbound interface can provide the running states of the link and the virtual network element in the network for the user in real time, and reflect the network abnormal conditions in the link to the user in real time. So that the user can respond with a fail-over in a timely manner.
(4) And (3) network failure recovery: when encountering network abnormal conditions, the northbound interface firstly sends an abnormal alarm to a user, and secondly, the northbound interface makes a fault recovery strategy for the current network abnormal conditions according to some data in the current virtual network so as to reduce the loss caused by the network abnormal conditions.
Further, the network abnormal condition includes a link failure, a link blockage, a virtual network element failure, and the like.
Further, implementing a virtualized network element abstraction of the underlying device: the northbound interface abstracts the heterogeneous forwarding equipment at the bottom layer into various virtual network elements. And generating a global virtual network topology formed by virtual network elements based on a BGP-LS protocol according to the topological structure of the bottom layer equipment. According to the user request and the whole network topology, the northbound interface generates a proper virtual network slice for the user to optimize the utilization rate of bottom resources, and meanwhile, the isolation of the virtual network slices among different users is guaranteed based on the SNMP protocol.
Further, a northbound interface in the SDN controller is extended, and optimized tenant request deployment is achieved. When receiving different network function deployment requests of users, the northbound interface firstly merges the same network function nodes in different requests. And after the merging request is generated, generating a specific network function deployment scheme based on an intelligent algorithm. This solution should meet three requirements:
i) ensuring the dependency relationship between network functions;
ii) optimizing hardware resource overhead brought by deploying network functions;
and iii) optimizing performance indexes such as throughput, time delay and the like among the deployed network functions.
And optimally allocating network computing and storage resources to bear the network functions of the users.
Further, the real-time acquisition of the device and link states is realized: and the northbound interface periodically sends down detection messages to the virtual network element by means of the SDN controller. And the virtual network element replies to the SDN controller after receiving the detection message so as to represent the normal work of the virtual network element and the related link. If the time threshold is exceeded, the controller does not receive the reply message of the virtual network element, the SDN controller makes several attempts, and if the attempts fail, the virtual network element and the related link are judged to be in failure.
Further, fast network failure recovery is achieved: after the switch fails, the northbound interface migrates traffic flowing through the failed switch to other forwarding paths to ensure reliable transmission of user data. The northbound interface is based on a PCEP protocol, comprehensively considers conditions such as flow QoS (quality of service) grade and load balance, minimizes the migration cost, calculates an optimized migration scheme, and realizes data caching during flow path migration by means of an SDN (software defined network) controller.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention extends the traditional northbound interface in the traditional SDN controller and realizes the northbound interface with high expandability. And the user service deployment function of virtual network management, virtual network element detection, real-time fault recovery and high resource utilization rate is supported. The method is simple, flexible to realize and high in practicability.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an implementation method of a highly scalable SDN northbound interface of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a highly scalable SDN northbound interface according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method for implementing a high-scalability SDN northbound interface according to the present invention extends a conventional northbound interface in a conventional SDN controller, and implements a northbound interface (hereinafter, abbreviated as northbound interface) with high scalability. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. virtualized network element abstraction: the northbound interface abstracts the heterogeneous forwarding devices (x86 CPU, FPGA, etc.) at the bottom layer into various virtual network elements (such as Virtual Machines (VM), virtual containers (Docker), switch pipeline Stage, etc.), and constructs a virtual network by using the network elements. Based on BGP-LS protocol, the information such as topology structure, link state, link quality and the like is obtained through detecting data packets, and a whole network view is provided for users. And meanwhile, flexible switching among different types of network elements is realized. The user provides the virtual network slice to be constructed to the northbound interface in the form of an undirected graph G (H, V, E), wherein H is a user host, V is a connection edge of equipment in the topology network, and E is a node except the host. In addition, metadata such as an IP address and a MAC address that the node in the undirected graph should include, and basic operations such as packet loss and forwarding that can be supported need to be submitted together. And the northbound interface checks whether the current network resource supports the establishment of the virtual network or not according to the topology information of the current physical network. If the construction request of the user can be met, the northbound interface configures a forwarding rule to the underlying switching equipment through an SNMP protocol so as to ensure the correct operation and isolation of the virtualization slice.
2. Virtual network element status detection (i.e. acquiring device and link status): in order to ensure the normal operation of the network element, the device and link status needs to be acquired regularly to detect the status of the network element. The method comprises the following steps: and the northbound interface periodically sends a packet-out detection message to the virtual network element by means of a Netconf protocol in the SDN controller. After receiving the detection message, the virtual network element replies to the SDN controller within a set time threshold value to indicate that the virtual network element and the related link work normally. If the set time threshold is exceeded, the controller will continue to send heartbeat detection packets several times to detect the network element status. If the reply can be received within the set threshold number of times, the device and link state is normal. If the detection frequency exceeds the set detection frequency threshold, the virtual network element and the related link are judged to have faults, and optimized flow migration is needed to be carried out so as to realize network fault recovery.
3. Network failure recovery (i.e. optimized traffic migration): after the switch fails, the northbound interface migrates traffic flowing through the failed switch to other forwarding paths to ensure reliable transmission of user data. The northbound interface is based on a PCEP protocol, comprehensively considers conditions such as flow QoS grade, load balance and the like, minimizes the migration cost, finally calculates an optimized migration scheme, calls a southbound protocol to issue a transmission path switching flow table, and completes the standby path switching at the highest speed. For the traffic passing through the failed link and the switch during the link switching, the northbound interface migrates the traffic to the server where the SDN controller is located in advance, and buffers the traffic. And after the link migration is finished, releasing the part of traffic into the underlying network again so as to ensure the reliable transmission of the traffic. In an embodiment of the present invention, the SDN controller uses an open source openday light controller, and the southbound protocol is based on OpenFLow.
4. While steps 2 and 3 are performed, the controller will receive incoming user requests at any time, build the virtualization slice, and optimize tenant request deployments. Specifically, after the virtualized network is successfully deployed, the northbound interface will allow the user to deploy the network function requested by the user into the virtualized network. And when receiving different network function deployment requests of the user, the northbound interface constructs the virtualization slice for the user request.
5. And finding out the same network function node in different requests as much as possible through a Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) algorithm. And after the nodes are combined, deploying the nodes into the virtualization slice corresponding to the user.
6. Establishing an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model by the northbound interface according to the resource constraint of the virtualization slice, and setting the model constraint as follows:
i) ensuring the dependency relationship between network functions;
ii) optimizing hardware resource (e.g., computing resources, storage resources) overhead incurred by deploying network functions;
and iii) optimizing performance indexes such as throughput, time delay and the like among the deployed network functions.
The objective function is to minimize the number of used network element nodes. And calculating a final scheme for deploying the user request according to the model, and realizing the highest utilization rate of the bottom-layer physical resources.
7. The controller deploys the calculated solution through the northbound interface.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for realizing a high-expandability northbound interface of an SDN is characterized in that the northbound interface in an SDN controller is expanded, and the northbound interface with high expandability is realized. In order to shield the implementation details of the bottom layer device from the user, the northbound interface abstracts the bottom layer device into virtualized network elements with different functions, and all the virtualized network elements form a virtual network. In order to realize high-efficiency bottom-layer resource occupancy rate, the northbound interface provides a virtualized network slice for a user according to a user request, and provides an application interface for deploying a network function to a virtual network element for the user; the northbound interface supports a network administrator to effectively acquire the states of equipment and a link in real time, and timely make a corresponding response strategy, so that adverse results caused by faults or adjustment of the link are reduced; in addition, the requirement of multiple users in a cloud computing environment is met in order to realize pooling sharing of bottom-layer physical resources. The northbound interface enables automatic deployment of user requests and highest utilization of underlying physical resources.
2. The high-scalability SDN northbound interface implementation method of claim 1, specifically comprising:
(1) virtualized network element abstraction: the northbound interface abstracts the heterogeneous forwarding equipment at the bottom layer into a plurality of virtual network elements, constructs a virtual network by using the network elements, provides a full network view for a user, and simultaneously realizes flexible switching among different types of network elements. The northbound interface provides proper virtual network slices for the deployment of network functions according to the requirements of user services, and configures forwarding rules for the underlying switching equipment to ensure the correct operation of the virtual slices.
(2) Optimizing tenant request deployment: after the virtualized network is successfully deployed, the northbound interface will allow the user to deploy the network function requested by the user into the virtualized network. When receiving different network function deployment requests of a user, the northbound interface firstly merges the same network function nodes in the different requests, secondly deploys the merged network function requests to the virtualization slices corresponding to the user, and minimizes the use number of the virtualization network element nodes. The highest utilization of the underlying physical resources is achieved.
(3) Acquiring device and link states: the northbound interface can provide the running states of the link and the virtual network element in the network for the user in real time, and reflect the network abnormal conditions in the link to the user in real time. So that the user can respond with a fail-over in a timely manner.
(4) And (3) network failure recovery: when encountering network abnormal conditions, the northbound interface firstly sends an abnormal alarm to a user, and secondly, the northbound interface makes a fault recovery strategy for the current network abnormal conditions according to some data in the current virtual network so as to reduce the loss caused by the network abnormal conditions.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the network abnormal condition includes a link failure, a link congestion, a virtual network element failure, and the like.
4. The method for implementing the SDN northbound interface with high scalability of claim 1, wherein the virtualized network element abstraction of the underlying device is implemented as: the northbound interface abstracts the heterogeneous forwarding equipment at the bottom layer into various virtual network elements. And generating a global virtual network topology formed by virtual network elements based on a BGP-LS protocol according to the topological structure of the bottom layer equipment. According to the user request and the whole network topology, the northbound interface generates a proper virtual network slice for the user to optimize the utilization rate of bottom resources, and meanwhile, the isolation of the virtual network slices among different users is guaranteed based on the SNMP protocol.
5. The method for implementing the SDN northbound interface with high scalability according to claim 1, wherein the northbound interface in the SDN controller is extended to implement optimized tenant request deployment. When receiving different network function deployment requests of users, the northbound interface firstly merges the same network function nodes in different requests. And after the merging request is generated, generating a specific network function deployment scheme based on an intelligent algorithm. This solution should meet three requirements:
i) ensuring the dependency relationship between network functions;
ii) optimizing hardware resource overhead brought by deploying network functions;
and iii) optimizing performance indexes such as throughput, time delay and the like among the deployed network functions.
And optimally allocating network computing and storage resources to bear the network functions of the users.
6. The method for implementing the high-scalability SDN northbound interface of claim 1, wherein the method for implementing real-time device and link state acquisition: and the northbound interface periodically sends down detection messages to the virtual network element by means of the SDN controller. And the virtual network element replies to the SDN controller after receiving the detection message so as to represent the normal work of the virtual network element and the related link. If the time threshold is exceeded, the controller does not receive the reply message of the virtual network element, the SDN controller makes several attempts, and if the attempts fail, the virtual network element and the related link are judged to be in failure.
7. The method for implementing the high-scalability SDN northbound interface of claim 1, wherein fast network failure recovery is implemented: after the switch fails, the northbound interface migrates traffic flowing through the failed switch to other forwarding paths to ensure reliable transmission of user data. The northbound interface is based on a PCEP protocol, comprehensively considers conditions such as flow QoS (quality of service) grade and load balance, minimizes the migration cost, calculates an optimized migration scheme, and realizes data caching during flow path migration by means of an SDN (software defined network) controller.
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