CN113767759B - Multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriage for paddy field and dry field - Google Patents

Abstract

The multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriage for paddy field and dry field includes: the first frame, the second frame and the articulated steering device which connects the first frame and the second frame and realizes steering; a walking part assembly for walking and a power assembly for driving the walking part to walk and providing hydraulic pressure are arranged on the walking part connecting surface of the first frame and the second frame, and the articulated steering device is controlled by the control assembly; the utility model is characterized in that the carriage connecting surface of the first frame body and the second frame body is respectively provided with a carriage for carrying materials. The design of front and rear carriage and articulated steering is used, so that the multifunctional agricultural machine for paddy fields and dry fields with the front and rear carriages realizes smaller turning radius and larger carrying space, and meanwhile, the central position of the agricultural implement can be adjusted by distributing the weight of the carried materials in the carriage so as to adapt to different working environments such as non-mountainous regions, paddy fields and the like.

Description

Multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriage for paddy field and dry field

Technical Field

The invention relates to a self-propelled agricultural machine, in particular to a multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriage for paddy and dry fields.

Background

In recent years, with the acceleration of the land circulation process and the vigorous promotion of large-scale production in rural areas, the mechanized production level of crops is continuously improved in addition to rural labor loss caused by farmers entering the city. The comprehensive mechanization level of the crop farming in China is increased from 45.8% in 2008 to 65.2% in 2016. But most of the agricultural machines are applied to the field planting area in the north for harvesting staple food crops. However, the problem of low popularization rate of agricultural mechanization as the main producing area of economic crops in south is not fundamentally changed. The main reasons are that most southern crops are economic crops, the varieties of the crops are various, the planting is scattered, the planting area of a single crop is small, and the like. Particularly in southwest areas of China, the landform of the agricultural machinery is mainly mountainous and hilly, so that mature agricultural machinery products suitable for plain areas such as the north cannot be suitable for operation in the areas.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a multifunctional agricultural machine which has a simple structure, has multiple operation functions, and is suitable for small plots in mountainous and hilly areas.

The multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriage for paddy field and dry field includes: the first frame, the second frame and the articulated steering device which connects the first frame and the second frame and realizes steering; a walking part assembly for walking and a power assembly for driving the walking part to walk and providing hydraulic pressure are arranged on the walking part connecting surface of the first frame and the second frame, and the articulated steering device is controlled by the control assembly; the carriage connecting surface of the first frame and the second frame is respectively provided with a carriage for bearing materials.

Further, the control assembly is arranged on one side of the first frame adjacent to the second frame.

Further, a speed reducer in the power assembly is in power connection with the transfer case in the walking part through a belt.

Furthermore, the running part of the first frame or the second frame is connected with the running part through a double-mode suspension conversion device.

Further, the dual-mode suspension switching device comprises: the sliding groove is in a C-shaped strip shape in cross section, one side opposite to the C-shaped opening is fixedly connected with a walking part connecting surface of the first frame or the second frame, two ends of the plate-shaped spring used for connecting an axle of the walking part are respectively hinged with the bottom of one T-shaped connector, and the top of the T-shaped connector is arranged in the sliding groove and can move in the sliding groove; still be equipped with in the spout and be used for restricting the stopper that T connector removed with the cooperation of T connector, the stopper is equipped with the trompil for fix or adjust the position in the spout.

Further, the dual-mode suspension switching device comprises: the device comprises a sliding chute, a T-shaped connector, a plate-shaped spring, a piston type damper and a separable piston rod limiting sleeve; the sliding groove is in a C-shaped strip shape in cross section, one side opposite to the C-shaped opening is fixedly connected with the traveling part connecting surface of the first frame or the second frame, two ends of a plate-shaped spring for connecting an axle of the traveling part are respectively hinged with the bottom of a T-shaped connector, and the top of the T-shaped connector is arranged in the sliding groove and can move in the sliding groove; each T-shaped connector is also hinged with a piston rod of a piston type damping oil cylinder, and a cylinder body of the piston type damping oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding groove through a pull lug arranged at the end part; the piston rod of the piston type damper is also provided with at least 1 piston limiting sleeve which is detachably used for limiting the stroke of the piston rod, the piston rod limiting sleeve is provided with a semicircular inner wall, and the radius of the inner wall of the piston rod limiting sleeve is matched with the radius of the outer wall of the piston rod, so that the piston rod limiting sleeve can be sleeved on the piston rod.

Furthermore, a four-link type farm tool connecting device capable of keeping parallel lifting of farm tools is arranged at the front part and/or the rear part of the farm machine.

Further, the four-connecting-rod type farm tool connecting device; the farm tool connecting device at least comprises: the lifting device comprises a fixed rod, a driving shaft, a lifting rod, a retaining rod and a retaining shaft, wherein one side of the fixed rod in an L shape is arranged on two sides of the end part of the first frame or the second frame, the driving rod and the retaining rod are arranged on one side of the fixed rod extending towards the ground, the lifting rods used for connecting and lifting farm implements are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the driving shaft, the driving rod used for connecting a linear driving device is arranged in the middle of the driving shaft, the driving rod converts the linear motion of the linear driving device into circular motion through the matching of the driving shaft, and transmits power to the lifting rod through the driving shaft; the holding rod is used for holding the farm tool to lift in a horizontal mode.

Further, a garlic harvesting pick-up table includes: the picking platform frame is used for bearing the reel, the chain type conveying belt and the transmission assembly, the reel is arranged at the front end of the picking platform frame, the chain type conveying belt is arranged in the picking platform frame, the feeding side is adjacent to the reel, and the discharging side is adjacent to the output box of the transmission assembly; the transmission assembly includes: the picking platform comprises a gear box, a first transmission pair and a second transmission pair, wherein the first transmission pair is used for transmitting the power of the gear box to a chain type conveying belt, and the second transmission pair is used for connecting the power of the chain type conveying belt to a reel so as to drive the reel.

Furthermore, the gear box is also provided with a second output shaft, and the second output shaft is used for driving the soil breaking and hair breaking device through a third transmission pair and an actuating mechanism.

The beneficial effect of this application lies in:

1. the design of front and rear carriage and articulated steering is used, so that the multifunctional agricultural machine for paddy fields and dry fields with the front and rear carriages realizes smaller turning radius and larger carrying space, and meanwhile, the central position of the agricultural implement can be adjusted by distributing the weight of the carried materials in the carriage so as to adapt to different working environments such as non-mountainous regions, paddy fields and the like.

2. A dual-mode suspension conversion device capable of converting between elastic suspension and rigid suspension is arranged between a frame and an axle, so that the farm tool is adapted to walking on roads and farmlands through adjustment of a suspension mode.

3. The horizontal lifting of the agricultural implement can be realized by matching with the four-connecting-rod type agricultural implement connecting device, and the advancing resistance of the soil-entering part of the agricultural implement is reduced.

4. Combine above-mentioned beneficial effect, this application still discloses a novel agricultural implement is garlic results pick-up platform promptly, and this agricultural implement is different from among the current self-propelled results agricultural machinery, and the central formula overall arrangement of garlic results pick-up ware. By adopting the front-mounted layout, the picking platform is in contact with the garlic to be picked before the wheels in operation, so that the garlic is prevented from being rolled by the wheels, and the damage rate is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the combined type of the farm tool and the multifunctional farm tool is suitable, and the defect that horsepower of special harvesting equipment is idle is overcome.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriages for paddy and dry fields

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the combination of a multi-functional agricultural machine with front and rear carriages for paddy and dry fields and a four-link type agricultural implement connecting device

FIG. 3 is a partial top view of a multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriages for paddy and dry fields

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-mode suspension switching device

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a dual mode suspension conversion device

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a four-bar linkage type agricultural implement connecting device

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a four-way harbor type farm tool connecting device

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a garlic harvesting table

FIG. 9 is a top view of a garlic harvesting table

FIG. 10 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 8

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in figure 1, the paddy field and upland field multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriages comprises a first vehicle frame 1-1 and a second vehicle frame 1-2. As shown in FIG. 2, the first frame 1-1 and the second frame 1-2 are preferably formed by welding steel sections into a rectangular plane structure to adapt to the connection of the carriage 3. The first frame 1-1 and the second frame 1-2 are arranged coaxially as shown in fig. 3. The end faces of the first frame 1-1 adjacent to the second frame 1-2 are preferably connected by an articulated steering device 3, constituting the frame body. As shown in FIG. 1, the frame body 1 has a top part as a connecting surface of a carriage 2 and a bottom part as a connecting surface of a running part. The carriage 2 is respectively arranged on the connecting surface of the carriage of the first frame 1-1 and the second frame 1-2, preferably connected through fastening bolts, or connected through mortise and tenon joints at the corresponding positions of the frames and the carriage, or connected through turning hinges, and further matched with a jacking device to realize self-unloading.

The articulated steering apparatus includes: the connector comprises a first connector 3-1, a second connector 3-2, a hinge hole 3-3 and a telescopic oil cylinder 3-4. The first connector 3-1 is preferably trapezoidal as shown in fig. 2, at least one end of two ends of the bottom edge of the trapezoid is provided with an oil cylinder mounting seat 3-5, and one end of the cylinder barrel of the telescopic oil cylinder 3-4 is connected with the oil cylinder mounting seat 3-5 through a pin shaft. The bottom edge of the trapezoid of the first connector 3-1 is superposed with the middle point of the adjacent cross beam forming the first frame 1-1 and fixedly connected into a whole. One side of the trapezoidal upper bottom of the first connector 3-1 is provided with a hinge hole 3-3 which is used for being connected with the hinge hole 3-3 on the second connector 3-2 through a pin shaft. The second connector 3-2 is preferably configured as a trapezoid, and one lower bottom edge of the trapezoid is overlapped with the middle point of the adjacent beam forming the second frame 1-2 and fixedly connected into a whole. One side of the upper bottom of the second connector 3-2 is provided with a hinge hole 3-3. The end part of a piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder 3-4 is hinged with the second frame 3-2. The first connector 3-1 and the second connector 3-2 are hinged with the pin periphery through the hinge hole 3-3, so that the combination of the first frame and the second frame is realized. The telescopic oil cylinder 3-4 drives the first connector 3-1 or the second connector 3-2 to rotate around the hinged position of the two connectors by changing the stroke of the piston rod, so that the included angle between the first frame 1-1 and the second frame 1-2 is changed, and direction control is realized.

Still be equipped with power assembly and control assembly on the frame main part 1, power assembly is used for driving the agricultural machinery walking and provides pressure for hydraulic equipment, control assembly is used for controlling the agricultural machinery walking and controls the operation part.

Preferably the powertrain comprises: an internal combustion engine 5-1, a speed reducer 5-2 and a hydraulic oil pump 5-3. The internal combustion engine 5-1 is fixed on the first frame 1-1 as shown in fig. 3, a main output shaft of the internal combustion engine 5-1 is connected with a speed reducer 5-2, the speed reducer 5-2 is connected with a running part, and the speed reduction ratio of the speed reducer is set to be matched with the optimal rotating speed interval of the internal combustion engine 5-1. The hydraulic oil pump 5-3 is preferably connected to the auxiliary output of the internal combustion engine 5-1 using a double gear pump, and the rotational speed required for establishing the hydraulic pressure is provided by the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 5-1.

The control assembly is composed of an open type or a closed type cab. In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 or 3, the first frame body and the second frame body are fixedly connected with one side of the frame body adjacent to the first frame 1-1 and the second frame body. The cab at least comprises a steering wheel 6-1 used for steering the agricultural machinery, and the rotating shaft end of the steering wheel 6-1 is connected with the priority valve. The P port of the priority valve is connected with a pressure port of a hydraulic oil pump or a hydraulic distribution valve through a hydraulic oil pipe, and the CF port is connected with an oil inlet of the telescopic oil cylinder through the hydraulic oil pipe. The valve core is driven by the rotation of the steering wheel to act, and an oil way between the P port and the CF port is conducted as required, so that the telescopic oil cylinder 3-4 is controlled.

The control assembly further comprises an operating handle for controlling the additional farm tool oil cylinder and a multi-way valve.

The running part connecting surface of the frame main body is provided with a running part assembly, and the running part assembly comprises: transfer case 4-1, transmission shaft 4-2, wheels 4-3, and at least 2 axles 4-4. In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the transfer case 4-1 is fixedly arranged on the first frame 1-1, and the input end is connected with the output end of the speed reducer through a belt 4-5. Compared with the scheme of chain or shaft transmission, the belt transmission does not need to be provided with torque limiting devices such as a hydraulic torque converter, an overdrive clutch and the like, can realize the output torque limitation of the internal combustion engine by adjusting the tension degree of the belt, reduces the quality of the whole machine to the maximum extent and is suitable for the landform characteristics of hilly and mountainous regions or paddy field operation.

Take a running gear of the four-wheel drive type as an example. The axle 4-4 is preferably of an integral bridge structure, two ends of the axle 4-4 are provided with hub connectors connected with hubs 4-3 of wheels, the hub connectors are connected with gear shafts of a differential mechanism, the differential mechanism is arranged in the middle of the axle housing, and the input end of the differential mechanism extends out of the axle housing to form a power input end of the axle. The axles 4-4 are respectively arranged on the connection surface of the walking part of the first frame 1-1 and the second frame 1-2, the front axle is connected with the first frame 1-1, and the rear axle is connected with the second frame 1-2. It will be appreciated that in this and other embodiments, the number of axles 4-4 and the number of drive shafts 4-2 are preferably arranged in a 1:1 manner. And two ends of the transmission shaft 4-2 are provided with universal couplings. The output shafts of the axle 4-4 and the transfer case 4-1 which are adjacent are connected through a transmission shaft 4-2, so that the transfer case 4-1 can transmit the power to the wheels 4-3 through the axle 4-4. Two wheel hubs of each axle are respectively provided with a wheel.

When in use, the loading boxes 2 arranged on the first frame 1-1 and the second frame 1-2 are used for containing materials, and meanwhile, the distribution of the materials in each loading box 2 can be adjusted according to different working environments, and the balance weight is adjusted according to different working environments. The internal combustion engine 5-1 drives the speed reducer 5-2 to work through the rotation of the crankshaft, and enables the hydraulic oil pump 5-3 to build hydraulic pressure. The speed reducer 5-2 uses a belt 4-5 to transmit power to the transfer case 4-1, the transfer case 4-1 is transmitted to the front and rear axles 4-4 through the transmission shaft 4-2, and then the wheels 4-3 on the axles 4-4 are driven to rotate, so that ground walking is realized. If the vehicle needs to turn, a driver controls a control end of a priority valve connected with a steering wheel by operating the steering wheel 6-1 in a control assembly, adjusts the pressure between a P port and a CF port by adjusting a valve core in the priority valve, drives a telescopic oil cylinder 3-4 in the articulated steering device to stretch, changes an included angle between a first connector 3-1 and a second connector 3-2, further changes the included angle between a first vehicle frame 1-1 and a second vehicle frame 1-2, and realizes steering between walking.

Example 2

Furthermore, in order to enable the multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriage bodies for paddy field and dry field to adapt to running or walking of paddy field and dry field and pavement road surface, the embodiment provides a novel dual-mode suspension conversion device capable of converting between a rigid suspension mode and an elastic suspension mode on the basis of implementation 1.

The dual mode suspension device comprises: a chute 7-1, a T-shaped connector 7-2, a plate-shaped spring 7-3 and a limiting block 7-4.

As shown in fig. 4 or 5, the dual-mode suspension switching device is located between the axle 4-4 and the first frame 1-1 or the second frame 1-2 of the axle 4-4, and is a device for connecting the axle 4-4 and the first frame 1-1 or the second frame 1-2. The number of the dual-mode suspension conversion devices corresponds to the number of the wheels 4-3.

The sliding groove 7-1 of the dual-mode suspension conversion device is of a strip-shaped structure with a C-shaped section and is made of a hard material. The side opposite to the opening is fixedly connected with the adjacent first frame 1-1 or the second frame 1-2, and a T-shaped connector 7-2 is arranged in the chute 7-1. The head of the T-shaped connector 7-2, namely the wider side, is embedded into the sliding groove 7-1 and is in sliding fit with the sliding groove, the bottom of the T-shaped connector 7-2 extends downwards out of the outer side of the sliding groove 7-1 from the C-shaped opening of the sliding groove 7-1, and the tail end of the T-shaped connector is provided with a connecting hole for connecting the plate-shaped spring 7-3. The number of the T-shaped connectors 7-2 is twice the number of the wheels 4-3.

The plate spring 7-3 is also called a steel plate spring and is formed by combining more than one arc-shaped alloy spring piece with equal width and unequal length. Any one of the alloy spring pieces is selected, two ends of the alloy spring piece are respectively provided with an O-shaped connecting hole, and a screw or a pin is used for forming hinged fit with the connecting hole at the bottom of the T-shaped connector 7-2. The O-shaped holes can be directly coiled on the alloy spring piece through a plate rolling process or manufactured in other modes and are fixed at two ends of the alloy spring piece. The plate-shaped spring 7-3 hinged with the T-shaped connector 7-2 can be compressed towards the direction of the carriage 2 of the first frame 1-1 or the second frame 1-2, and drives the T-shaped connector 7-2 to slide in the sliding groove 7-1 while compressing or resetting.

The sliding groove 7-1 is further provided with a limiting block 7-4 for limiting the T-shaped connector 7-2, and the limiting block 7-4 limits the maximum compression stroke adjustment of the plate-shaped spring 7-3 by limiting the sliding of the T-shaped connector 7-2 in the sliding groove 7-1. Preferably, the number of the limiting blocks 7-4 is twice that of the wheels 4-3, the limiting blocks 7-4 corresponding to the single wheels 4-3 are in one group, and the distance between the limiting blocks 7-4 in the group is in direct proportion to the compression distance of the plate-shaped spring 7-3.

The limiting block 7-4 is provided with an opening for fixing and positioning the limiting block 7-4 and the sliding groove 7-1, and the opening preferably penetrates through the mass center of the limiting block 7-4. The sliding groove 7-1 is provided with an opening for fixing and positioning, and the positioning and fixing between the limiting block 7-4 and the sliding groove 7-1 can be realized by using a pin shaft or a bolt and other parts and simultaneously penetrating through the openings on the two parts.

The connection between the axle 4-4 and the plate spring 7-3 is formed by a spring pressing plate and a U-shaped bolt. The shape and the fastening mode of the automobile-used plate spring are the same as the matching mode of the existing automobile-used plate spring and the axle, and detailed description is omitted in the application.

In the embodiment, when the paddy and upland field multifunctional agricultural machine with the front and rear load compartments runs on a paved road, the distance between the limiting blocks 7-4 in the same group can be increased, so that the plate-shaped spring 7-3 bearing the frame body generates elastic deformation limited by the limiting blocks. The wheel impact is filtered, and the wheel impact is kept stable. When the vehicle runs in a paddy field or a dry land, the running speed is low, and the priority of the passing rate is higher than that of the driving comfort, the plate-shaped spring 7-3 can be limited in an initial shape, namely an incompressible state, by adjusting the distance of the limiting blocks 7-4 in the same group, so that the plate-shaped spring cannot be compressed towards the direction of the frame, and the conversion from elastic suspension to rigid suspension is realized.

Further, in order to enable the multifunctional agricultural machine with the front carriage and the rear carriage for paddy fields and dry farmlands, which is provided by the application, to better filter road jolt in an elastic suspension mode and optimize mode conversion operation, the locking damper 7-5 is further used for replacing the limiting block 7-4, so that mode conversion is realized and a damping effect is provided.

Said damper 7-5 is preferably a piston damper comprising: 7-5-1 of a cylinder body, 7-5-2 of a piston rod, 7-5-3 of a piston rod limiting sleeve and 7-5-4 of a pull lug. The cylinder 7-5-1 is filled with viscous medium, preferably damping oil or hydraulic oil. The bottom of the cylinder 7-5-1 is provided with a cylinder pull lug 7-5-4 which is used for fixing the cylinder pull lug on a sliding groove 7-1 of the first frame 1-1 and the second frame 1-2. One end of the piston rod 7-5-2 extending into the cylinder body 7-5-1 is connected with a piston capable of reciprocating in the cylinder body 7-5-1, the piston divides the interior of the cylinder body 7-5-1 into two chambers, a damping hole capable of allowing viscous media to flow is formed in the piston, and the damping media flow slowly from one chamber to the other chamber through the flow limitation of the damping hole. The moving speed of the piston in the cylinder 7-5-1 is slowed down.

The end of the piston rod 7-5-2 located at the outer side of the cylinder 7-5-1 is hinged at the hinge point of the T-shaped connector 7-2 and the plate spring 7-3, and a damper 7-5 is preferably arranged at each end of the plate spring 7-3. Realizing an elastic suspension mode.

In order to realize the rigid suspension mode and realize the conversion of the two modes, a piston rod limiting sleeve 7-5-3 for limiting the movement of the piston rod 7-5-2 is also detachably arranged on the piston rod 7-5-2 outside the cylinder body 7-5-1. The piston stop collar 7-5-3 should be made of rigid material, and preferably, both ends thereof may be provided with impact-resistant designs, such as rubber pads fixed to both ends thereof. The piston rod stop collar 7-5-3 is preferably designed in the shape of a semicircular inner wall with the same radius as the outer wall of the piston rod 7-5-2, as shown in fig. 5, so that it can be fitted over the piston rod from the side. Preferably, the piston rod limiting sleeve 7-5-3 is fixed with the piston rod in a combined mode, namely two piston rod limiting sleeves with the same shape are buckled with each other, the piston rod 7-5-2 surrounds the circular inner wall formed by the two piston rod limiting sleeves, and the two piston rod limiting sleeves are fixed and positioned through fastening screws or other fastening methods for fixing the relative positions of the two piston rod limiting sleeves.

When the elastic suspension mode is required to be changed into the rigid suspension mode, the piston rod limiting sleeve 7-5-3 is sleeved on the piston rod 7-5-2. The stroke adjustment of the piston rod 7-5-2 can be realized by using the piston rod limiting sleeve 7-5-3 with different lengths, so that the compression stroke adjustment of the plate-shaped spring is realized.

Example 3

Furthermore, the multifunctional agricultural machine with the front carriage and the rear carriage for the paddy field and the dry field is light in weight and/or has the beneficial effects brought by the double-mode suspension conversion module in order to fully utilize the beneficial effects. In the present embodiment, on the basis of the previous embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 6, a four-link type farm tool connecting device is provided at the front and/or rear of the multifunctional farm machine with front and rear carriages for paddy and dry fields, and the four-link type farm tool connecting device comprises: a fixed rod 8-1, a driving rod 8-2, a driving shaft 8-3, a lifting rod 8-4, a retaining rod 8-5 and a retaining shaft 8-6. The fixing rods 8-1 are arranged on two sides of the first frame 1-1 or the second frame 1-2 in pairs and in parallel and are fixedly connected with the end parts of the first frame 1-1 or the second frame 1-2 through mounting holes arranged on the fixing rods 8-1. The fixing rod 8-1 is preferably in an inverted L shape, and one side fixedly matched with the frame body is provided with a mounting hole. Preferably, more than 2 mounting holes are arranged on the side fixed with the frame in order to keep the fixed rod 8-1 and the frame body in fixed positions. The upper end and the lower end of one side of the L-shaped extension part extending towards the ground are respectively provided with a through hole for fixing the driving shaft 8-3 and the retaining shaft 8-6. As shown in fig. 7, a through hole at the upper part of the fixing frame 8-1 is used for mounting the driving shaft 8-3. The driving shaft 8-3 is a stepped shaft, and transmission keys are arranged at the end parts of the two ends of the driving shaft and are used for connecting the lifting rod 8-4 and transmitting the rotating action of the driving shaft 8-3 to the lifting rod 8-4. A cylindrical round table is arranged between the transmission key and the driving shaft 8-3, and the diameter of the cylindrical round table is movably matched with the through hole. Is used for positioning and mounting with the fixed rod 8-1. A transmission key is also arranged between the cylindrical round tables at the two ends of the driving shaft 8-3 and is used for connecting with the driving rod 8-2. Preferably, the transmission key connected to the driving rod 8-2 is provided at the midpoint of the driving shaft 8-3. One end of the driving rod 8-2 is sleeved on a transmission key at the midpoint of the driving shaft 8-3, and the other end of the driving rod 8-2 is connected with a linear driving device capable of providing linear driving force. Preferably, the linear driving device is a hydraulic oil cylinder 8-7, the end part of an oil cylinder piston rod positioned at the outer side of the cylinder barrel is hinged with the driving rod, and one side of the barrel bottom of the cylinder barrel is hinged with the structural body of the first frame or the second frame. A holding shaft 8-5 is arranged between the two fixing rods 8-1 and the via holes at the lower part of the fixing rods and is used for holding the relative position of the two fixing frames 8-1. And cylindrical plugs with the same shape as the through holes are arranged at the two ends of the holding shaft, and the plugs are inserted into the through holes to realize fixation.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the driving keys at the two ends of the driving shaft 8-3 are respectively provided with a lifting rod 8-4, the two lifting rods 8-4 are arranged in parallel, one end of each lifting rod is connected with the driving key at the end part of the driving shaft 8-3, and the other end of each lifting rod is provided with a connecting hole for connecting farm implements.

As shown in fig. 6, the holding rods 8-5 are sleeved on two sides of the holding shaft 8-5 in pairs and are parallel to each other, one end of each holding rod is fixedly connected with the holding shaft 8-5, and the other end of each holding rod is provided with a connecting hole for connecting agricultural implements.

When the four-connecting-rod type farm tool connecting device is used, the driving rod 8-2 is pushed and pulled by using the linear driving device, the driving rod 8-2 is matched with the driving shaft 8-3 connected with the driving rod, linear motion is converted into circular motion, the driving shaft 8-3 matched with the driving rod is driven to rotate, the rotating driving shaft 8-3 drives the lifting rod 8-4 to move circularly around the driving shaft 8-3 through the transmission keys arranged at the two ends, and the farm tool connected with the lifting rod 8-5 is driven to ascend or descend. Because the farm tool is connected with the retaining rod 8-5 at the same time, the distance between the farm tool and the fixing rod 8-1 is restricted, and the raising or lowering action of the farm tool moves horizontally.

Compared with a traditional double-connecting-rod farm tool connector, the four-connecting-rod farm tool connecting device has the advantages that the traditional double-connecting-rod or three-point farm tool connector is used, when the height of the farm tool is adjusted, the lifting track of the farm tool performs arc motion around a fulcrum, the farm tool changes with the angle of the ground at different heights, an included angle is formed between the farm tool operation part and the soil after the farm tool operation part enters the soil, the operation part is enabled to not only receive resistance in the advancing direction, but also receive the influence of the downward pressure to increase the advancing resistance. The four-link type farm tool connecting device overcomes the defects, and the lifting rod and the retaining rod are simultaneously connected with the farm tool, so that the lifting of the farm tool moves around 2 pivot points simultaneously. Under the mutual constraint of the lifting rod 8-4 and the retaining rod 8-5, the angle of the soil-entering part is kept at the same angle at any height in the lifting process of the farm tool, so that the operation advancing resistance is reduced.

Furthermore, in order to keep the connection stability of the four-link type farm tool connecting device and the frame, a support rod 8-8 is arranged between the fixed frame and the connected first frame 1-1 or second frame 1-2. As shown in fig. 7, one end of the support rod 8-8 is connected with the holding shaft, and the other end is connected with the first frame 1-1 or the second frame 1-2, so that the fixed frame, the holding rod and the frame form a stable triangular structure.

Example 4 a garlic harvesting and picking table connected with any one of the paddy and upland field multifunctional agricultural machines with front and rear carriages of the examples 1-3.

The garlic harvesting pick-up table comprises: a picking platform frame 9-1, a reel 9-2, a chain type conveyor belt 9-3 and a transmission component. The picking platform frame is arranged at any one of the embodiments 1-3, is provided with a front carriage and a rear carriage, is arranged at the front end of the multifunctional agricultural machine for paddy field and dry field in the operation direction, and is connected with the agricultural machine or a four-connecting-rod type agricultural implement connecting device through a connecting lug 9-4 arranged at the rear part of the picking platform frame. As shown in fig. 8, the picking-up table frame 9-1 is used for carrying a reel 9-2 for picking up the garlic, a chain conveyor 9-3 for conveying the garlic toward the carriage 2 or other container, and a rotating assembly for distributing and transmitting power to the above components.

As shown in fig. 9, the reel 9-2 is horizontally arranged at the front end of the picking table frame 9-1, and both ends are installed in cooperation with the picking table frame 9-1 through the installation shafts 9-2-2. The mounting shaft 9-2-2 at one side extends towards the outer side of the picking platform frame 9-1, and the end part of the mounting shaft is provided with a chain wheel 9-2-1 fixedly connected with the mounting shaft for driving the reel 9-2 to rotate. An operation part of the reel 9-2 is arranged between the mounting shafts 9-2-2 at the two ends of the reel 9-2, the two ends of the operation part are flanges 9-2-3 for connecting the mounting shafts 9-2-2 and the reel rods 9-2-4, and the flanges and the mounting shafts are arranged concentrically and fixedly connected with the adjacent mounting shafts. The straw-poking rods are fixedly arranged along the outer edge of the flange in an annular array.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a chain type conveyor belt 9-3 is further arranged in the picking platform frame, and comprises a chain 9-3-1, a chain wheel 9-3-2 and a conveying chain plate 9-3-3. The chain wheels 9-3-2 are provided in pairs on the opposite side walls of the front and rear portions of the pickup table frame 9-1 by the mounting shafts 9-3-4. A pair of chain wheels 9-3-2 positioned at the front part of the picking platform frame are driven chain wheels, namely feeding side chain wheels, and are symmetrically arranged below the reel 9-2. A pair of chain wheels 9-3-2 positioned at the rear part of the picking platform frame 9-1 is a driving chain wheel, namely a discharging side chain wheel. Two chains 9-3-1 connected end to end are respectively sleeved on the feeding side chain wheel and the discharging side chain wheel on the same side to form two groups of internal linkage transmission chains. A plurality of conveying chain plates 9-3-3 are arranged between the two groups of chains at equal intervals, the interval between the adjacent conveying chain plates 9-3-3 is smaller than the diameter of the garlic bulb, the upper part of the conveying chain plate is used for supporting the garlic and drives the supported garlic to be transferred from the feeding side to the discharging side along with the rotation of the chain wheel 9-3-2. The power input to the chain conveyor is provided by the drive assembly.

As shown in FIG. 8, the transmission assembly includes a first transmission pair 10-1 for driving the chain conveyor 9-3, a second transmission pair 10-2 for driving the reel 9-2, and a gear box 10-3. The gearbox 10-3 comprises an input shaft 10-3-1 and a first output shaft 10-3-2 arranged at an included angle of 90 degrees with the input shaft, the input shaft 10-3-1 and the first output shaft 10-3-2 are meshed in the gearbox 10-3 through bevel gears or worm gears to realize transmission of rotating force, and the input shaft 10-3-1 can be connected with a motor, a hydraulic motor or a PTO as dynamic input. Taking the example of using a hydraulic motor as the driving source of the gearbox 10-3, the output end of the hydraulic motor is coupled with the input shaft 10-3-1 of the gearbox 10-3, and the oil path of the hydraulic motor is connected with the hydraulic oil pump 5-3 in the embodiment 1-3 through a hydraulic oil pipe. The first transmission pair 10-1 is an externally-connected chain transmission device, a driving chain wheel 10-1-1 of the first transmission pair is arranged on a first output shaft 10-3-2, and a driven chain wheel 10-1-2 is coaxially arranged with a chain wheel 9-3-2 on the discharge side of the chain type conveyor belt. The driving chain wheel 10-1-1 is connected with the driven chain wheel 10-1-2 through a chain 10-1-3. The power of the first output shaft 10-3-2 is transmitted to a chain wheel 9-3-2 at the discharge side of the chain conveyor belt 9-3 through a first transmission pair 10-1 to drive the chain conveyor belt 9-3. The second transmission pair 10-2 comprises: a chain wheel 10-2-1 which is coaxially arranged with the chain wheel 9-3-2 at the feeding side of the chain type conveyor belt, a tension wheel 10-2-2 which is arranged at the upper part of the reel and fixed on the frame body of the picking platform frame 9-1, and a chain 10-2-3 which is meshed with the tension wheel and the tension wheel. The outer side of the chain 10-2-3 is simultaneously meshed with a chain wheel 9-2-1 on a mounting shaft of a reel 9-2. As shown in fig. 8, the gear box 10-3 transmits the power of the input shaft 10-3-1 of the gear box to the chain conveyor 9-3 through the first transmission pair 10-1, the chain conveyor 9-3 is driven to rotate clockwise, the sprocket at the feeding side rotating along with the chain conveyor 9-3 drives the sprocket 10-2-1 coaxial with the sprocket in the second transmission pair 10-2 to drive the chain 10-2-3 of the second revolute pair to operate, and the operating chain 10-1-3 transmits the power to the sprocket 9-2-1 engaged with the outer side of the chain and fixed on the mounting shaft 9-2-2 of the reel 9-2, so as to drive the reel 9-2 to rotate clockwise.

Furthermore, in order to reduce the resistance of soil to the advancing of harvesting farm tools in the garlic picking process and reduce the damage of garlic bulbs caused by extrusion or pulling in the harvesting process, the picking table frame is also provided with a soil breaking and beard breaking device and an execution mechanism for driving the device, a third transmission pair 10-4 and a gear box 10-3 and a second output shaft 10-3-3 for driving the third transmission pair 10-4 are additionally arranged in the transmission assembly. The second output shaft 10-3-3 is arranged opposite to the first output shaft 10-3-2 on the gear box 10-3, is positioned at one end in the box body of the gear box 10-3, adopts the same umbrella-shaped tooth or worm and gear mechanism as the first output shaft 10-3-2, and is coupled with the input shaft 10-3-1. One end of the second output shaft 10-3-3, which is positioned outside the box body, is connected with the chain wheel 10-4-1 of the third transmission pair 10-4. The third transmission pair 10-4 is an externally-connected chain transmission structure, a driving chain wheel 10-4-1 is arranged on the second output shaft 10-4-1, and a driven chain wheel 10-4-2 is arranged on a frame body of the picking table frame 9-1 and the second output shaft 10-3-3 at the same side through a bearing seat 10-4-3 and a shaft as shown in fig. 9. The driven chain wheel 10-4-2 of the third transmission pair 10-4 is also coaxially provided with a gear 11-1, and the gear 11-1 is a power input end of an actuating mechanism for driving the soil breaking and hair cutting device.

The actuating mechanism is arranged on the picking platform frame 9-1, a gear 11-1 of power input of the actuating mechanism is coaxially arranged with a driven chain wheel 10-4-2 of a third transmission pair 10-4, and an external tooth surface of the gear 11-1 is meshed with an external tooth surface of a crank disc 11-2. The crank disk 11-2 is a device for converting the rotary motion output by the third transmission pair 10-4 into linear motion, the crank disk 11-2 is disk-shaped, an external tooth surface meshed with the gear 11-1 is arranged on the outer edge of the crank disk 11-2, the circle center of the crank disk 11-2 is fixed on the picking table frame 9-1 through a shaft 11-2-1, and a crank shaft 11-2-2 used for hinging the crank arm 11-3 is arranged on the disk surface of the crank disk 11-2 at a non-circle center position. The crank arm 11-3 is in a straight line shape, one end of the crank arm is hinged with the crank shaft 11-2-2, and the other end of the crank arm extends towards the front end of the picking table frame 9-1 as shown in figure 8 and is connected with a swing rod 11-4. The swing rod 11-4 is in a straight line shape, and one end of the swing rod, which is adjacent to the crank arm 11-3, is hinged with the crank arm 11-3. The middle point of the swing rod 11-4 is hinged with the structural part of the adjacent picking platform frame 9-1, so that the swing rod can swing around the hinged point 11-4-1 under the action of external force by taking the hinged point 11-4-1 as a circle center. The other end of the swing rod 11-4 is connected with the soil breaking and hair cutting device to drive the soil breaking and hair cutting device.

The soil breaking and beard breaking device comprises a cutter body 12-1, a guide groove 12-2, a pulley 12-3 and a driving handle 12-4. The cutter body 12-1 is made of a hard plate material. As shown in fig. 10, guide grooves 12-2 fixedly installed in pairs through the front portion of the pickup table frame 9-1 are provided below the sprocket 9-3-2 on the feed side of the chain conveyor 9-3. The cutter body 12-1 is parallel to the ground and vertical to the operation direction, and the cutting edge 12-1-1 is the same as the operation advancing direction. The cutter body 12-1 is symmetrically provided with a pair of pulleys 12-3 at two sides and is matched with the guide groove 12-2 in a nesting matching mode to drive the cutter body 12-1 to move along the guide groove 12-2. Two ends of the side of the cutter body 12-1 opposite to the cutting edge 12-1 are provided with a driving handle 12-4 at one end or are symmetrically arranged at two ends and are used for being hinged with the end parts of the swing rods 11-4 in the adjacent actuating mechanisms.

Further, in order to enhance the synchronism of both sides of the cutter body 12-1, 2 sets of actuators may be provided on the pickup stage frame 9-1 in a symmetrical manner. Two crank discs 11-2 at the power input end of the actuating mechanism are connected by a synchronizing shaft 11-5, so that the two crank discs 2 synchronously rotate, wherein the crank disc 11-2 meshed with the gear 11-1 in the third transmission pair 10-4 is provided with an outer tooth surface, and the other crank disc can be not provided with the outer tooth surface. The symmetrical swing rods 11-4 are respectively hinged with the driving handle 12-4 of the cutter body 12-1.

During operation, the garlic harvesting and picking platform is suspended at the front end of any one of the paddy and upland field multifunctional agricultural machines with front and rear carriages in the embodiments 1-3 through the connecting lugs 9-4. Taking the agricultural implement connecting device described in embodiment 3 as an example, the garlic harvesting and picking platform is connected to the four-bar agricultural implement connecting device in an articulated manner through the connecting lug 9-4 at the rear part of the picking platform frame, the connecting lug 9-4 at the upper part is connected to the lifting rod 8-4, and the connecting lug 9-4 at the lower part is connected to the retaining rod 8-5. The input shaft of the gearbox 10-3 is powered by a hydraulic motor. The gear box 10-3 drives the chain type conveyor belt 9-3 to rotate through the first transmission pair 10-1 through the first output shaft 10-3-2, the chain wheel 9-3-2 on the feeding side of the chain type conveyor belt 9-3 drives the chain wheel 10-2-1 of the second transmission pair coaxial with the chain wheel, and the reel 10-2 is driven to rotate through the rotation of the second transmission pair 10-2. In the garlic picking operation, the driving rod 8-2 controls the lifting rod 8-4 to drive the garlic harvesting header to move towards the ground, and as the garlic belongs to paddy field crops, the picking platform frame 9-1 is driven by the lifting rod 8-4 to sink the cutter body 12-1 into the soil, and the cutter body 12-1 is kept parallel to the ground in the lifting process of the garlic harvesting header. The depth of the cutting edge 12-1-1 of the knife body 12-1 is set below the bulb of the garlic by controlling the lifting of the lifting rod 8-4. A multifunctional agricultural machine with front and back carriages for paddy and dry field is driven to move forward, a cutter body 12-1 parallel to the ground is driven by an actuating mechanism to reciprocate along a guide groove 12-2 to continuously crush the soil in front and cut off the root hair below the garlic bulb, a reel 9-2 stirs the garlic stem of the garlic, the broken garlic bulb is pulled up, the garlic bulb is thrown into a conveying chain plate 9-3-3 at the upper part of a chain conveyor belt 9-3 under the action of centrifugal force, and the garlic is transferred from a feeding side to a discharging side along with the rotation of the chain conveyor belt, so that the garlic picking work is completed.

Claims (9)

1. A multifunctional agricultural machine with front and rear carriage for paddy field and dry field comprises: the first frame, the second frame and the articulated steering device which connects the first frame and the second frame and realizes steering; a walking part assembly for walking and a power assembly for driving the walking part to walk and providing hydraulic pressure are arranged on the walking part connecting surface of the first frame and the second frame, and the articulated steering device is controlled by the control assembly; the method is characterized in that: the carriage connecting surfaces of the first frame and the second frame are respectively provided with a carriage for bearing materials, the running part of the first frame or the second frame is connected with the running part through a dual-mode suspension conversion device, and the dual-mode suspension conversion device comprises: the sliding groove is used for connecting two ends of the plate-shaped spring of the axle of the running part and is hinged to the bottom of one T-shaped connector, the top of the T-shaped connector is arranged in the sliding groove and can move in the sliding groove, and the rigid suspension mode and the elastic suspension mode are converted by limiting the sliding of the T-shaped connector in the sliding groove.

2. The multifunctional agricultural machine for paddy and upland fields with front and rear carriages as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the control assembly is arranged on one side of the first frame adjacent to the second frame.

3. The multifunctional agricultural machine for paddy and upland fields with front and rear carriages as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: a speed reducer in the power assembly is in power connection with a transfer case in the walking part through a belt.

4. The multi-functional agricultural machine for paddy and upland fields with front and rear carriages as claimed in claim 3, wherein said dual-mode suspension conversion device comprises: the sliding groove is in a strip shape with a C-shaped section, and one side opposite to the C-shaped opening is fixedly connected with the connecting surface of the traveling part of the first frame or the second frame; still be equipped with in the spout and be used for restricting the stopper that T connector removed with the cooperation of T connector, the stopper is equipped with the trompil for fixed or the position of adjustment in the spout.

5. The multi-functional agricultural machine for paddy and upland fields with front and rear carriages as claimed in claim 3, wherein said dual-mode suspension conversion device comprises: the piston type damper and a separable piston rod limiting sleeve; the sliding groove is in a strip shape with a C-shaped section, and one side opposite to the C-shaped opening is fixedly connected with the connecting surface of the traveling part of the first frame or the second frame; each T-shaped connector is also hinged with a piston rod of a piston type damping oil cylinder, and a cylinder body of the piston type damping oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding groove through a pull lug arranged at the end part; the piston rod of the piston type damper is also detachably provided with at least 1 piston limiting sleeve for limiting the stroke of the piston rod, the piston rod limiting sleeve is provided with a semicircular inner wall, and the radius of the inner wall of the piston rod limiting sleeve is matched with the radius of the outer wall of the piston rod, so that the piston rod limiting sleeve can be sleeved on the piston rod.

6. The multi-purpose agricultural machine for paddy and upland fields with front and rear carriages as claimed in any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that it is further provided with a four-bar linkage type farm tool connecting device capable of keeping the parallel lifting of the farm tool at the front and/or rear thereof.

7. The multifunctional agricultural machine for paddy and upland fields with front and rear load compartments as claimed in claim 6, wherein said four-bar linkage type agricultural implement connecting device; the farm tool connecting device at least comprises: the lifting device comprises a fixed rod, a driving shaft, a lifting rod, a retaining rod and a retaining shaft, wherein one side of the fixed rod in an L shape is arranged on two sides of the end part of the first frame or the second frame, the driving rod and the retaining rod are arranged on one side of the fixed rod extending towards the ground, the lifting rods used for connecting and lifting farm implements are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the driving shaft, the driving rod used for connecting a linear driving device is arranged in the middle of the driving shaft, the driving rod converts the linear motion of the linear driving device into circular motion through the matching of the driving shaft, and transmits power to the lifting rod through the driving shaft; the holding rod is used for holding the farm tool to lift in a horizontal mode.

8. A garlic harvesting and picking table applied to the paddy and upland field multifunctional agricultural machine with the front and rear carriages of claim 6 or 7, comprising: the picking platform frame is used for bearing the reel, the chain type conveyor belt and the transmission assembly, the reel is arranged at the front end of the picking platform frame, the chain type conveyor belt is arranged in the picking platform frame, the feeding side is adjacent to the reel, and the discharging side is adjacent to the output box of the transmission assembly; the transmission assembly includes: the picking platform comprises a gear box, a first transmission pair and a second transmission pair, wherein the first transmission pair is used for transmitting the power of the gear box to a chain type conveying belt, and the second transmission pair is used for connecting the power of the chain type conveying belt to a reel so as to drive the reel.

9. A garlic harvesting table as claimed in claim 8, wherein the gear box is further provided with a second output shaft for driving the soil breaking and hair cutting device via a third gear pair and an actuator, the soil breaking and hair cutting device comprises a cutter body, a guide groove and a pulley, the cutter body is engaged with the guide groove in a manner of nesting engagement of the pulley to drive the cutter body to move along the guide groove, and the cutter body is kept parallel to the ground, and the depth of the cutting edge of the cutter body is set below the garlic bulb by controlling the lifting of the lifting rod.

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