CN113767723A - Saline-alkali soil salinity leaching negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage system and method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil salinity leaching negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113767723A CN113767723A CN202111064072.9A CN202111064072A CN113767723A CN 113767723 A CN113767723 A CN 113767723A CN 202111064072 A CN202111064072 A CN 202111064072A CN 113767723 A CN113767723 A CN 113767723A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of farmland resource protection, and discloses a negative pressure concealed pipe drainage system and a method for leaching soil salinity, wherein the negative pressure concealed pipe drainage system for leaching the soil salinity of saline-alkali soil is provided with a negative pressure drainage device; the negative pressure hidden pipe drainage device is connected with a water suction pipe through a connecting pipe, and the water suction pipe is buried in the soil of the saline-alkali soil; the negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device is connected with the brine storage evaporation pond through a water delivery pipe, the negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device is connected with a negative pressure control switch, the negative pressure control switch is connected with a negative pressure meter, and the negative pressure meter is fixed on the plowing ground. The negative pressure hidden pipe drainage device is provided with an air suction pump, a motor and a connecting pipe, and the motor is connected with the solar wind power generator. The system of the invention mainly comprises a hidden pipe drainage pipeline with certain water permeability and a negative pressure gas-water extraction system, wherein the hidden pipe drainage pipeline is buried in the soil of a certain depth of a cultivated land. If the system is widely used in agricultural planting areas of extremely water-deficient saline-alkali land, the system method of kettle bottom salary can obviously improve the leaching efficiency of soil salinity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of farmland resource protection, and particularly relates to a system and a method for improving saline-alkali soil salinity leaching efficiency.
Background
Xinjiang is one of the largest cotton production areas in China, is located in the northwest arid inland, is seriously lack of water resources, and is a main distribution area for soil salinization and secondary salinization in China due to extremely arid climatic conditions, so that the soil salinization and water resource shortage bring huge challenges to regional agricultural production. In order to meet the growth requirements of crops and adapt to local soil cultivation, crop planting, saline-alkali soil improvement and reasonable utilization of water resources, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil generally adopts leaching of soil salinity in a non-growth period at present, and is an effective irrigation system formed in long-term experience accumulation, however, the traditional saline-alkali soil improvement method needs a large amount of fresh water for salt pressing and washing, leached salinity is difficult to discharge out of a soil body, and a small drainage and irrigation ratio causes that autumn irrigation can only leach salinity in a cultivation layer into deep soil, underground water and a saline wasteland, so that salinity balance in a short period is formed, but the total salinity in the soil is not reduced. In the crop growth period, the commonly adopted under-film drip irrigation technology only adjusts the salt content of the root system layer of the crop, the salt content cannot be discharged out of the soil body essentially, the salt content is continuously accumulated in the soil layer of the field, and the salt content returns to the ground surface after the crop is harvested from the whole crop growth period to autumn through freeze thawing alternation, so that the phenomena of 'salt removal with water' in the growth period and 'water salt removal retention' in the non-growth period of the farmland soil plough layer are caused to occur in a circulating manner.
According to the theme of international irrigation and drainage seminar in 2007, reasonable drainage is more effective than irrigation in the aspects of agricultural production increase and sustainable development. The saline-alkali soil improvement measures are numerous, and fresh water flushing combined with concealed conduit drainage and salt removal is one of the most direct, effective, rapid and widely applied salt removal methods, and plays an extremely important role in the saline-alkali soil treatment and improvement process around the world. However, under the current concealed conduit drainage technical mode, the soil salinity eluviation water volume still keeps higher level, and to the area that the Xinjiang water resource is seriously deficient, not only aggravate regional water resource and lack of resources, cause the eluviation irrigation quota moreover very easily to be on the large side, make regional area groundwater receive the pollution, the groundwater level is raised, further aggravate the secondary salinization of soil.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: 1. the amount of soil salinity leaching water is large, soil salinity is discharged out of the soil, and under the action of crop transpiration and soil evaporation, soil salt is gathered to the surface layer, so that secondary salinization of the soil is caused; 2. the existing underground pipe drainage technical mode has poor soil salinity leaching effect, and the salt in the plough layer can only be leached into deep soil, underground water and salt wasteland by autumn irrigation due to a small drainage-irrigation ratio, so that the underground water pollution is easily caused, and the secondary salinization of soil is further aggravated.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is:
the conventional concealed pipe technical mode has very limited salt discharge in the conventional leaching mode, under the condition, when the conventional concealed pipe laying mode is directly adopted and large water is combined for flood irrigation and salt pressing, the conditions such as the material, specification and structure of the concealed pipe are limited, the confluence area of the concealed pipe is small, the water and salt discharging efficiency is low, and an improved mode or method for concealed pipe salt discharging in Xinjiang saline-alkali soil is needed to be explored so as to effectively improve the salt discharging efficiency.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows:
this patent is to the serious and water resource shortage's of soil salinization Xinjiang arid district, from the angle of furthest eliminating soil water and going into tub resistance, proposes a negative pressure concealed conduit drainage system, promotes its drainage, the salt discharge effect at soil salinity drip washing in-process. Not only has certain help to perfect the theory of farmland drainage and salt discharge, but also has scientific guiding significance to the sustainable development of Xinjiang agriculture.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a saline-alkali soil salt leaching negative pressure concealed pipe drainage system and a saline-alkali soil salt leaching negative pressure concealed pipe drainage method.
The invention is realized in such a way that a saline-alkali soil salinity leaching negative pressure concealed pipe drainage system is provided with a negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device; the negative pressure hidden pipe drainage device is connected with the water suction pipe through a connecting pipe, and the permeable pipe is embedded in the soil of the saline-alkali soil;
the negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device is connected with the brine storage evaporation pond through a water delivery pipe, the negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device is connected with the negative pressure automatic control switch, the negative pressure control switch is connected with the negative pressure meter, and the negative pressure meter is fixed on the plowing ground.
Further, the negative pressure hidden pipe drainage device is provided with an air suction pump, a motor and a connecting pipe, and the motor is connected with the solar wind power generator.
Further, the solar wind power generator is provided with a wind energy solar cell panel and a battery pack for storing electric energy.
The invention also aims to provide a high-efficiency salt removing method for leaching a negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage system by using the saline-alkali soil salt, which comprises the following steps:
when the water of the salt leached by the large water flood irrigation of the saline-alkali soil seeps to the vicinity of the water suction pipe, the negative pressure sensor is used for collecting soil moisture suction force and transmitting the collected signals to the data acquisition card, the data acquisition card controls the start and stop of negative pressure control through the driving module, the negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device drains the high-concentration saline water in the soil into the saline water storage pit through the water delivery pipe for evaporation, and the solar wind power generator supplies power for the air-extracting drainage device.
The invention also aims to provide application of the saline-alkali soil salt leaching negative pressure concealed pipe drainage system in inland saline-alkali soil agricultural planting areas.
The invention is specially used for washing soil of the saline-alkali land with rare rainwater to reduce the harm of salt. The theoretical basis of the invention is the characteristic that the concentration of the wetting front is highest in the process that soluble salt in soil moves along with soil moisture, and the high-concentration water of the wetting front is easier to move out of the farmland soil through negative pressure suction. The system of the invention mainly comprises a pipeline (hidden pipe drainage) with certain water permeability and a decompression gas-water extraction system, wherein the pipeline (hidden pipe drainage) is buried in the soil of a certain depth of a farmland and has certain water permeability. When the large water is needed for leaching and desalting, when the wetting front of the leaching water reaches the water-permeable concealed pipe, the water pumping and air exhausting device is started to discharge high-concentration salt water from deep soil into a water-impermeable pit to evaporate water, and the solid salt can be changed into resources to be removed and utilized. If the system is widely used in the agricultural planting area of the saline-alkali land with extreme water shortage, the system method of the kettle bottom firewood pumping can greatly reduce the times and the water quantity for leaching the salt, and the water-saving effect is very obvious.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a saline-alkali soil salt leaching negative pressure concealed pipe drainage system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1. ploughing the ground; 2. a negative pressure gauge; 3. a negative pressure control switch; 4. a concealed pipe drainage device; 5. a solar wind power generator; 6. a brine storage evaporation pond; 7. a water delivery pipe; 8. a suction pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a saline-alkali soil salt leaching negative pressure concealed pipe drainage system and a saline-alkali soil salt leaching negative pressure concealed pipe drainage method, and the invention is described in detail below by combining the attached drawings.
A person skilled in the art of saline-alkali soil salt leaching water saving system provided by the present invention can also implement the saline-alkali soil salt leaching water saving system by adopting other steps, and the saline-alkali soil salt leaching negative pressure concealed pipe drainage system provided by the present invention shown in fig. 1 is only a specific example.
As shown in fig. 1, a negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage device 4 is arranged in the saline-alkali soil salt leaching water saving system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage device 4 is connected with a water suction pipe 8 through a connecting pipe, the water suction pipe 8 is buried in the saline-alkali soil, and the negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage device 4 is connected with a saline water storage evaporation pond 6 through a water delivery pipe 7; the negative pressure hidden pipe drainage device 4 is connected with a negative pressure control switch 3, the negative pressure control switch 3 is connected with a negative pressure meter 2, and the negative pressure meter 2 is fixed on the plowing ground 1; the air exhaust and drainage device 4 is provided with an air exhaust pump, a motor and a connecting pipe, and the motor is connected with the solar wind power generator 5. The solar wind power generator 5 is provided with a wind solar panel and a battery pack for storing electric energy.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the large-water flooding irrigation salt leaching water of the saline-alkali soil seeps to the position near the water suction pipe 8, the negative pressure meter 2 detects that the soil water suction force is reduced to a certain degree, the negative pressure control switch 3 is started, and the negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device 4 drains the high-concentration salt water in the soil into the salt water storage pit through the water delivery pipe to be evaporated. Wherein, the solar wind power generator 5 supplies power for the air extraction and drainage device 4.
The water suction pipe 8 buried in the saline-alkali soil at a certain depth has water absorption, one end of the water suction pipe is blocked after the water suction pipe is fully wetted, and the other end of the water suction pipe is connected to the negative pressure device 2 through the connecting pipe; when the negative pressure control switch 3 is turned on, it will be airtight if a limited suction force is applied; it is only when the suction is applied sufficiently that it is possible to draw into the pipe some of the water in the soil surrounding the pipe.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage system and the method for leaching the soil salinity are characterized in that the negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage system for leaching the soil salinity is provided with:
a negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device;
the negative pressure hidden pipe drainage device is connected with a water suction pipe through a connecting pipe, and the water suction pipe is buried in the soil of the saline-alkali soil;
the negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device is connected with the brine storage evaporation pond through a water delivery pipe, the concealed pipe drainage device is connected with a negative pressure control switch, the negative pressure control switch is connected with a negative pressure meter, and the negative pressure meter is fixed on the plowing ground.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure sewer drainage device comprises a suction pipe, a suction pump, a motor, a connecting pipe, and a solar wind power generator.
3. The soil salt leaching negative pressure concealed pipe drainage system according to claim 2, wherein said solar wind power generator is provided with a wind energy solar cell panel and a battery pack for storing electric energy.
4. The negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage method for saline-alkali soil salt leaching according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method for efficiently saving water and removing salt by saline-alkali soil salt leaching comprises the following steps:
when the soil of the saline-alkali soil is infiltrated nearby the water suction pipe by the large water, the suction force of the soil moisture is reduced to a certain degree by the negative pressure meter, the negative pressure control switch is started, the negative pressure concealed pipe drainage device drains the high-concentration saline water in the soil into the saline water storage pit through the water delivery pipe for evaporation, and the solar wind power generator supplies power for the air exhaust drainage device.
5. The application of the negative-pressure underground pipe drainage system for salt leaching of the saline-alkali soil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 in an agricultural planting area of an inland saline-alkali soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111064072.9A CN113767723A (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Saline-alkali soil salinity leaching negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111064072.9A CN113767723A (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Saline-alkali soil salinity leaching negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage system and method |
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| CN113767723A true CN113767723A (en) | 2021-12-10 |
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| CN202111064072.9A Pending CN113767723A (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Saline-alkali soil salinity leaching negative-pressure concealed pipe drainage system and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114642099A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-21 | 张峰 | Saline-alkali soil water-saving treatment technology and treatment system |
| CN114946301A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-30 | 新疆农业大学 | Saline and alkaline land soil salinity drip washing concealed conduit drainage device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106320428A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Drainage system used for improving saline and alkaline land |
| CN207582567U (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽理工大学 | Rainwater penetration system based on sponge city |
| CN207720661U (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-08-14 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Double hidden pipe salt discharges and Intelligent irrigation system |
| US20190090409A1 (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2019-03-28 | Shandong Sunway Landscape Technology Co., Ltd. | Coastal severe saline-alkali soil improvement and vegetation construction system |
| CN109970152A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-05 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of salt-soda soil distribution pumping is salty to change light irrigation and drainage coupling improvement system and application method |
-
2021
- 2021-09-10 CN CN202111064072.9A patent/CN113767723A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190090409A1 (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2019-03-28 | Shandong Sunway Landscape Technology Co., Ltd. | Coastal severe saline-alkali soil improvement and vegetation construction system |
| CN106320428A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-11 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Drainage system used for improving saline and alkaline land |
| CN207582567U (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽理工大学 | Rainwater penetration system based on sponge city |
| CN207720661U (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-08-14 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Double hidden pipe salt discharges and Intelligent irrigation system |
| CN109970152A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-05 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of salt-soda soil distribution pumping is salty to change light irrigation and drainage coupling improvement system and application method |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114642099A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-21 | 张峰 | Saline-alkali soil water-saving treatment technology and treatment system |
| CN114642099B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2024-01-26 | 张峰 | Technology and system for water-saving treatment of saline-alkali soil |
| CN114946301A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-30 | 新疆农业大学 | Saline and alkaline land soil salinity drip washing concealed conduit drainage device |
| CN114946301B (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2023-10-27 | 新疆农业大学 | Saline-alkali soil salinity leaching concealed pipe drainage device |
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