CN113751930B - Welding process of side plate of escalator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a side plate welding process of an escalator, which comprises a side plate, a main rail, a first auxiliary rail and a second width rail. The welding process is also equipped with auxiliary devices including a tooling cavity, a pressure plate, and a pneumatic jacking device. During the welding process, the above-mentioned multiple device components cooperate with the side plate, the main rail, the first auxiliary rail and the second width rail for welding. Through the welding process of the present invention, the excessive welding deformation of the side plate of the escalator can be effectively eliminated, the welding and assembly progress of the main rail and the auxiliary rail can be improved, and the stability and comfort of the escalator after assembly can be improved, and on the basis of the large bearing capacity of the escalator, the maintenance period of the escalator can be extended, and the impact of maintenance on people's travel can be reduced. The tooling cavity, pressure plate, and pneumatic jacking device used in this welding process improve the welding accuracy of the main rail, auxiliary rail and side plate, provide greater convenience for the welding operation, and improve the flatness of the side plate welding.

Description

Welding process for side plate of escalator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of welding of side plates of escalators, in particular to a welding process of side plates of escalators.

Background technique

Escalators are widely used in crowded places such as stations, docks, shopping malls, airports and subways, providing great convenience for people's travel in public places. Due to the long continuous flow period and large flow of people in public places where escalators are installed, the escalator runs for a long time and carries a large load. Under this operating state, the stability and comfort of the escalator will decrease too quickly, requiring frequent maintenance, which will affect the normal bearing function of the escalator.

The stability and comfort of the escalator's operation depend largely on the flatness of the ladder path on the basis of the load. The place where the deformation of the ladder path is the largest is the upper and lower side panels. Most of the upper and lower side plates adopt integral welding structure, and the biggest disadvantage of welding is deformation. As a result, the side plate ladder path is twisted, which affects the operation of the ladder path. If a large number of man-hours are added through post-orthopedics, the workload will be heavy and time-consuming.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above existing problems, the present invention aims to provide an escalator side plate welding process, which includes auxiliary welding devices such as tooling cavity, pressure plate, and pneumatic jacking device. On the basis of providing convenience in welding operations, it improves the welding accuracy of the side plate and the main and auxiliary rails, effectively reduces and eliminates deformation of the side plate during welding, and ensures the stability and comfort of the escalator during assembly and operation.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: a welding process for the side plate of an escalator, comprising a side plate, a main rail, a first auxiliary rail and a second width rail, characterized in that the welding process also includes a frock cavity, a pressure plate, and a pneumatic jacking device, and the welding process includes the following steps:

S1. Assembling the main rail, the first auxiliary rail and the second auxiliary rail at corresponding welding positions in the tooling cavity;

S2. Snap the side plate into the corresponding position in the tooling cavity, and make the side plate vertically stick to the side walls of the main rail, the first auxiliary rail and the second auxiliary rail;

S3. Use the pressing plate to press and fit the side plate relative to the main rail, the first auxiliary rail and the second width rail;

S4. Adjust welding parameters, including welding current and welding voltage, according to the materials and specifications of the above-mentioned plurality of welding parts;

S5. Welding: first weld the side corners of the main rail and the side plates, and then sequentially weld the side corners of the first auxiliary rail and the second width rail and the side plates;

S6. After the welding is completed, disassemble the pressure plate, drive the pneumatic ejector device, and take out the integrally welded side plate, main rail, first auxiliary rail and second width rail out of the cavity of the tooling.

Preferably, the tooling cavity is a frame-shaped structure that fits into the side plate, and includes a main support plate, limit plates are vertically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the main support plate, and support columns supporting the side plates are evenly distributed on the side wall of the main support plate located on the side facing the limit plate.

Preferably, the spacing between the symmetrical limiting plates is equal to the width of the side plates, and the inner wall surface of each limiting plate is sequentially set as a slope, a transitional arc, and a limiting plane from outside to inside.

Preferably, a positioning fastening structure for respectively positioning and clamping the main rail, the first auxiliary rail and the second auxiliary rail is provided on the main support plate.

Preferably, the positioning and fastening mechanism includes clamping columns arranged symmetrically on both sides according to the welding positions of the main rail, the first auxiliary rail and the second auxiliary rail and along the directions of the three.

Preferably, the symmetrical clamping columns are all slidably arranged on the main support plate toward the two side surfaces of the main rail, the first auxiliary rail and the second auxiliary rail, and double-headed adjusting bolts for synchronously adjusting the spacing of the symmetrical clamping columns are fixedly arranged on the outside of the main supporting plate.

Preferably, welding slots are opened on the main support plate at positions close to the main rail, the first auxiliary rail and the second auxiliary rail.

Preferably, on the inner side wall of the main support plate, there are evenly distributed several support adjustment columns under the welded deformation state of the side plate, and the support adjustment columns as a whole form a structure with a middle height, symmetrical sides and gradually lowering.

Preferably, each of the support adjustment columns is threaded on the side wall of the main support plate, and a synchronous adjustment mechanism is detachably connected to the support adjustment columns on both sides symmetrical to the center.

Preferably, the synchronous adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic drive rod arranged horizontally, and a drive frame is rotated at both ends thereof. Active bevel teeth are provided on one side wall of the drive frame, and auxiliary bevel teeth engaged with the active bevel teeth are rotated on the other side wall of the drive frame, and the auxiliary bevel teeth protrude from the outside of the drive frame.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: through the welding process of the present invention, excessive welding deformation of the side plate of the escalator is effectively eliminated, the welding assembly progress of the main rail and the auxiliary rail is improved, and the stability and comfort of the escalator after assembly are improved, and on the basis of the large bearing capacity of the escalator, the maintenance period of the escalator is extended, and the impact of maintenance on people's travel is reduced.

The tooling cavity, pressure plate, and pneumatic jacking device used in this welding process improve the welding accuracy of the main rail, auxiliary rail and side plate, provide greater convenience for the welding operation, and improve the efficiency of the welding process. By arranging the support adjustment column as a structure whose height on both sides gradually decreases, the predictable stress and deformation after welding can be prevented before welding, so that the side plate has a higher flatness after welding.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the welding and forming of the side plate of the escalator of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the tooling cavity of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of A in Fig. 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the setting of the support adjustment column of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the synchronous adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the improvement of the actual side plate welding flatness according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to a welding process for side panels of an escalator shown in accompanying drawings 1-7, it includes a side panel 1, a main rail 2, a first auxiliary rail 3 and a second rail 4,

The welding process also includes a frock cavity 5, a pressing plate 9, and a pneumatic ejector device, and the welding process includes the following steps:

S1. Assemble the main rail 2 , the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 at corresponding welding positions in the cavity 5 of the tooling.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 2-3, the tooling cavity 5 is a frame-shaped structure that fits into the side plate 1, and includes a main support plate 51, and limit plates 52 are vertically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the main support plate 51. First, the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 are positioned and placed in the corresponding positions in the tooling cavity 5, and then the side plate 1 is put into the tooling cavity 5 in a state parallel to the main supporting plate 51 to contact the side walls of the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4, and the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the limiting plate 52 are attached to the side walls of the side plate 1 to limit the position of the side plate 1, and finally the welding of the side plate 1 and the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 Position positioning is convenient for subsequent precise welding.

In order to realize the positioning assembly of the main rail 2 , the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 , a positioning fastening structure for positioning and clamping the main rail 2 , the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 is also provided on the main support plate 51 .

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2-3 , the positioning and fastening mechanism includes clamping columns 6 arranged symmetrically on both sides along the direction of the main rail 2 , the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 according to the welding positions of the main rail 2 , the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 . When assembling, the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 are sequentially inserted between the symmetrical clamping columns 6 in the corresponding direction, and the distance between the preferred symmetrical clamping columns 6 is equal to the thickness of the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4, so as to realize the clamping and positioning of the three.

Since the symmetrical clamping column 6 is tightly matched to the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 in a manner of clamping and positioning clamping, and in order to reduce the contact friction between the three and the clamping column 6, it is convenient for quick snap-in assembly and has a positioning and clamping effect. As shown in FIG. The spacing of the double-ended adjusting bolts 7. Because the double -headed bolt 7 is fixed on the outside of the main support board 51, before the stuck is included, rotate the double -headed adjustment bolt 7, so that the clamping column 6 synchronization principle between the two sides will increase the spacing between the two, which is convenient for the rapid card entry of the main rail, the first a subroutine 3, and the second sub -rail 4 to solve the sliding and wear of the existence of the side walls of the three. Adjust the bolt 7, make the symmetrical clamping column 6 approach the direction, and finally clamp the main rail 2, the first a subroutine 3 and the second sub -rail 4. Due to the fixed position of the double-headed adjusting bolt 7, the clamping position of the symmetrical clamping column 6 remains unchanged, thereby having a positioning and clamping effect on the three.

In order to solve the deformation of the side plate 1 during the welding process, support columns 53 supporting the side plate 1 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the main support plate 51 located on the side facing the limiting plate 52 . The evenly distributed support columns 53 form an approximate planar support effect on the side plate 1, which not only overcomes the flatness error existing in the manufacturing process of the side plate 1, but also effectively eliminates the welding deformation during the welding process, improves the position progress of the side plate 1 after welding with the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4, and finally improves the stability of the escalator operation.

S2. Snap the side plate 1 into the corresponding position in the tooling cavity 5, and make the side plate 1 vertically stick to the side walls of the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4;

In order to improve the positioning and welding accuracy of the side plate 1 and the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4, as shown in FIG. 4, the distance between the symmetrical limiting plates 52 is equal to the width of the side plate 1, and the inner wall surface of each limiting plate 52 is sequentially set as a slope a, a transitional arc surface b, and a limiting plane c from the outside to the inside. When the side plate 1 is assembled into the tooling cavity 5, the inclined surface a on the symmetrical limiting plate 52 can increase the distance between the limiting plates 52, which facilitates the rapid assembly of the side plate 1, and then enters into contact with the limiting plane c for positioning through the guidance of the excessive arc surface b, and finally limits the assembly position of the side plate 1 and the positioning accuracy with the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4, so as to realize the rapid positioning and assembly of the side plate 1.

S3. Use the pressure plate 9 to press and fit the side plate 1 relative to the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second width rail 4; preferably, fastening bolts 10 connecting the pressure plate 9 are pierced on the main support plate 51 at intervals. At the same time, preferably, the side plate 1 is provided with a perforation (not shown) that is pierced with the fastening bolt 10, and the pressure plate 9 is tightened by the fastening bolt 10, and then pressed against the side plate 1, so as to maintain the stability of the assembly of each component during welding.

S4. Adjust welding parameters, including welding current and welding voltage, according to the materials and specifications of the above-mentioned plurality of welding parts. Preferred current: 210±10A; voltage: 22-24V.

S5. Welding: first weld the side corners of the main rail 2 and the side plate 1, and then sequentially weld the side corners of the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second rail 4 and the side plate 1;

In order to facilitate welding, welding slots 501 are provided on the main support plate 51 near the main rail 2 , the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 . Through the welding slot 501, the welding equipment (specifically, the torch head) is inserted into the inside of the tooling cavity 5, and the side corner positions where the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second auxiliary rail 4 are all connected to the side plate 1 are welded.

Due to the difference in the manufacturing process of the side plate 1 and the change of the welding method, the deformation state of the side plate 1 during welding is uncertain. Generally, the actual welding stress deformation state will appear when the middle deformation is large and the deformation on both sides gradually decreases. Therefore, in order to overcome the uncertain welding deformation of the side plate in real time, as shown in FIG. The support adjustment column 8 is set as a structure with the height on both sides gradually decreasing, so as to prevent predictable stress and deformation after welding before welding, and then achieve a higher flatness of the side plate 1 after welding.

In order to adjust the welding deformation of the side plate in real time during or after welding, to further improve the flatness after welding, each of the support adjustment columns 8 is threaded on the side wall of the main support plate 51, and the two sides of the central symmetry corresponding to the support adjustment columns 8 are detachably connected with synchronous adjustment mechanisms. Through the synchronous adjustment mechanism, the support adjustment columns 8 with the same height on both sides can be adjusted at the same time, so that their heights can be raised or lowered synchronously, so as to adapt to welding deformations of different sizes.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, the synchronous adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic drive rod 12 arranged horizontally, and a drive frame 13 is rotated at its two ends. An active bevel tooth 14 is arranged on one side wall of the drive frame 13, and an auxiliary bevel tooth 15 engaged with the active bevel tooth 14 is rotated on the other side wall of the drive frame 13, and the auxiliary bevel teeth 15 protrude from the outside of the drive frame 13. A tapered quadrilateral groove 8a matching the tapered quadrilateral body 15a is opened. The adjustment principle of the above-mentioned structure is: through the expansion and contraction of the telescopic drive rod 12, the drive frame 13 on both sides is made close to or far away, so that the conical quadrilaterals 15a at the ends of the auxiliary bevel teeth 15 on both sides can correspond to the conical quadrilateral grooves 8a at the ends of the left and right symmetrical support adjustment columns 8. By rotating the telescopic drive rod 12, the active bevel teeth 14 on both sides are driven to rotate, and the auxiliary bevel teeth 15 are driven at the same time. Raise or lower, and then adjust the height of the support adjustment column 8 in real time, so as to effectively overcome the stress and deformation in the welding of the side plate 1 and improve the flatness of the side plate welding. The tapered matching structure of the tapered quadrilateral body 15a and the tapered quadrilateral groove 8a can eliminate the matching gap between the two, so that the left and right corresponding support adjustment columns 8 can be lifted synchronously under the rotation of the telescopic drive rod 12, avoiding the problem of height difference affecting the corresponding support adjustment column 8 due to the matching clearance.

In actual welding, adopting this method makes the flatness of the side plate 1 increase from 10mm to 2mm compared with that without this method (as shown in Figure 7, the left side of the figure is the existing welding process, and the right side is the welding process of the present invention), which greatly improves the flatness of the side plate 1 after welding, and finally improves the stability of the escalator.

S6. After the welding is completed, the pressure plate 9 is disassembled, the pneumatic ejector is driven, and the side plate 1, the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second width rail 4 are taken out of the cavity 5 of the tooling as a whole. As shown in FIG. 2 , the pneumatic jacking device is preferably a jacking cylinder 11 fixedly mounted on the main support plate 51 and abutted against the inner wall of the side plate 51 . After the welding is completed, the fastening bolts 10 and the pressure plate 9 are first disassembled, and then the clamping of the main rail 2, the first auxiliary rail 3 and the second width rail 4 is released by rotating a plurality of double-headed adjusting bolts 7 in kind, and finally, through the action of the ejector cylinder 11, the welded side plate is ejected into tight fit contact with the limit plate 52, and the welding operation of the side plate is finally completed.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. The welding process of the escalator side plate comprises a welding part consisting of a side plate (1), a main rail (2), a first auxiliary rail (3) and a second auxiliary rail (4), and is characterized by further comprising a tooling cavity (5), a pressing plate (9) and a pneumatic jacking device;

the tooling cavity (5) is of a frame structure sleeved with the side plate (1), and comprises a main support plate (51), limiting plates (52) are vertically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the main support plate (51), and supporting columns (53) for supporting the side plate (1) are uniformly distributed on the side wall, facing one side, of the main support plate (51) located on the limiting plates (52);

the spacing between the limiting plates (52) is equal to the width of the side plate (1), and the inner wall surface of each limiting plate (52) is sequentially provided with an inclined surface (a), an excessive cambered surface (b) and a limiting plane (c) from outside to inside;

the main support plate (51) is also provided with a positioning and fastening mechanism for respectively positioning and clamping the main rail (2), the first auxiliary rail (3) and the second auxiliary rail (4);

the positioning and fastening mechanism comprises clamping columns (6) which are symmetrically arranged at two sides along the trend of the main rail (2), the first auxiliary rail (3) and the second auxiliary rail (4) according to the welding positions of the main rail and the first auxiliary rail;

the symmetrical clamping columns (6) are arranged on the main support plate (51) in a sliding way towards the two side surfaces of the main rail (2), the first auxiliary rail (3) and the second auxiliary rail (4), and double-head adjusting bolts (7) for synchronously adjusting the intervals of the symmetrical clamping columns (6) are fixedly arranged outside the main support plate (51);

the welding process comprises the following steps:

s1, assembling the main rail (2), the first auxiliary rail (3) and the second auxiliary rail (4) at corresponding welding positions in the tooling cavity (5);

s2, clamping the side plate (1) at the corresponding position in the tooling cavity (5), and enabling the side plate (1) to vertically attach to the side walls of the main rail (2), the first auxiliary rail (3) and the second auxiliary rail (4);

s3, pressing and attaching the side plate (1) relative to the main rail (2), the first auxiliary rail (3) and the second auxiliary rail (4) by using the pressing plate (9);

s4, adjusting welding parameters including welding current and welding voltage according to the material and specification of the welding part;

s5, welding: firstly welding the side angles of the main rail (2) and the side plates (1), and then sequentially welding the side angles of the first auxiliary rail (3) and the second auxiliary rail (4) and the side plates (1);

s6, after welding is completed, the pressing plate (9) is detached, the pneumatic ejection device is driven, and the side plate (1), the main rail (2), the first auxiliary rail (3) and the second auxiliary rail (4) which are integrally formed through welding are integrally taken out of the tooling cavity (5).

2. The escalator side panel welding process according to claim 1, wherein: welding slots (501) are formed in the main support plate (51) at positions close to the main rail (2), the first auxiliary rail (3) and the second auxiliary rail (4).

3. The escalator side panel welding process according to claim 2, wherein: the inner side wall of the main supporting plate (51) is also uniformly provided with a plurality of supporting adjusting columns (8), the supporting adjusting columns (8) are in contact with the side plates (1) for supporting in the welding deformation state of the side plates (1), and the supporting adjusting columns (8) are integrally in a structure with high middle and symmetrical two sides and gradually reduced.

4. A process for welding side plates of an escalator as claimed in claim 3, wherein: each supporting and adjusting column (8) is threaded on the side wall of the main supporting plate (51), and synchronous adjusting mechanisms are detachably connected with the supporting and adjusting columns (8) corresponding to two sides of central symmetry.

5. The escalator side panel welding process according to claim 4, wherein: the synchronous adjustment mechanism comprises a telescopic driving rod (12) which is horizontally arranged, a driving frame (13) is rotatably arranged at two ends of the telescopic driving rod, driving bevel gears (14) are arranged on one side wall of the driving frame (13), auxiliary bevel gears (15) which are meshed with the driving bevel gears (14) are rotatably arranged on the other side wall of the driving frame (13), the auxiliary bevel gears (15) extend out of the outer side of the driving frame (13), the extending end parts of the auxiliary bevel gears (15) are arranged into conical quadrilaterals (15 a), and conical quadrilaterals grooves (8 a) which are matched with the conical quadrilaterals (15 a) are formed in the bottom end of each supporting adjustment column (8).