CN113740004A - Valve internal leakage rate evaluation device and evaluation grade method - Google Patents

Valve internal leakage rate evaluation device and evaluation grade method Download PDF

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CN113740004A
CN113740004A CN202010465891.3A CN202010465891A CN113740004A CN 113740004 A CN113740004 A CN 113740004A CN 202010465891 A CN202010465891 A CN 202010465891A CN 113740004 A CN113740004 A CN 113740004A
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valve
internal leakage
aerms
test
evaluating
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王琼
魏新明
贾润中
朱亮
肖安山
朱胜杰
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Qingdao Safety Engineering Institute
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Qingdao Safety Engineering Institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G01M3/28Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
    • G01M3/2876Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for valves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/24Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价装置及评价等级方法,涉及石化企业阀门泄漏检测技术领域。其解决了现有技术中测试装置无法对阀门内漏定级诊断的技术问题。该评价装置包括储气罐、空压机、阀二、流量计及测试阀门,测试阀门上安装有声学传感器,声学传感器通过数据线连接有声学采集设备。评价测试开始后,通过声学采集设备采集声学信号,记录压力值、气体流量值等参数信息,根据内漏流量Q‑AErms曲线进行函数拟合,进而得到Q‑AErms拟合函数;结合流量等级划分标准,即得测试阀门内漏AErms评价标准。本发明不需停工,即可在线通过声学参数判定阀门内漏泄漏等级,本发明装置及方法可在石化企业推广使用。

Figure 202010465891

The invention discloses a valve internal leakage leakage rate evaluation device and an evaluation grade method, and relates to the technical field of valve leakage detection in petrochemical enterprises. It solves the technical problem that the testing device in the prior art cannot grade and diagnose the internal leakage of the valve. The evaluation device includes an air storage tank, an air compressor, a second valve, a flow meter and a test valve. An acoustic sensor is installed on the test valve, and the acoustic sensor is connected with an acoustic acquisition device through a data line. After the evaluation test starts, the acoustic signal is collected by the acoustic acquisition equipment, the parameter information such as the pressure value and the gas flow value is recorded, and the function fitting is performed according to the Q-AErms curve of the internal leakage flow rate, and then the Q-AErms fitting function is obtained; Standard, that is, to test the valve internal leakage AErms evaluation standard. The invention can determine the internal leakage level of the valve online through acoustic parameters without shutting down the work, and the device and method of the invention can be popularized and used in petrochemical enterprises.

Figure 202010465891

Description

Valve internal leakage rate evaluation device and evaluation grade method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of valve leakage detection of petrochemical enterprises, in particular to a valve internal leakage rate evaluation device and a grade evaluation method.
Background
In the process devices of the petroleum and petrochemical industries, valves are indispensable parts. At present, with the continuous development of equipment manufacturing technology, valves used in petrochemical devices are generally improved in both volume and structural complexity and technical level. Along with the continuous diversification of petrochemical plant production technology and material types, the operating condition of the valve is increasingly complex and severe, the opening and closing operation of the valve is increasingly frequent, and the phenomena of running, overflowing, dripping and leaking of the valve of the petrochemical plant are caused by improper use and maintenance factors. Therefore, in the petrochemical production process, the leakage of the valve can be timely, efficiently and accurately found, the effective leakage grade is judged to be petrochemical production, and the safety maintenance has important significance.
The prior art mainly comprises the following steps:
CN201723983U discloses a low gas leakage measurement and detection device, which mainly comprises a high-level water tank, a low-level water tank, a water pipe, an air pipe, a measuring cylinder, a valve and a controller, and mainly aims to form a back-off vacuum filled with water in the measuring cylinder so as to collect gas by using a 'drainage and gas collection method', measure the leakage amount of gas, the high-level water tank and the measuring cylinder are communicated by using a water pipe, a water outlet of the measuring cylinder is collected by a water collection funnel and flows back to the low-level water tank through a pipeline, the upper part of the high-level water tank is connected with the air pipe, the upper end of the measuring cylinder is connected to the air pipe through a shut-off valve, the lower end of the measuring cylinder is connected to the water pipe through a three-way valve, the air pipe has more than two branch air pipes, one of which extends into the high-level water tank, and the other branch air pipes extend into the measuring cylinder respectively.
CN 107462379a discloses an automatic testing device for valve leakage rate, which comprises the following components: the air guide unit is used for discharging the air leaked by the tested valve to the atmosphere or the air storage unit; a gas storage unit for storing gas discharged to the measured valve leakage; a detection unit for detecting the volume of the gas stored in the gas storage unit; and the automatic control unit is electrically connected with the gas guide unit and the detection unit respectively.
In the testing device for detecting the leakage rate of the valve, the former needs manual measurement, and the metering and detection of the valve are more dependent on manual work; the latter, although automated by an automatic control unit, does not allow for a level-specific diagnosis of leaks in the valve.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a valve internal leakage rate evaluation device which can realize online monitoring on valve internal leakage.
The utility model provides a leak leakage rate evaluation device in valve, its includes gas holder, air compressor machine, valve two, flowmeter and test valve, the air compressor machine be used for carrying out the punching press to the gas holder, the gas holder with the flowmeter between set gradually the pipeline of connecting on valve two and test valve, test valve on install acoustic sensor, acoustic sensor be connected with acoustics collection equipment through the data line.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a pressure gauge is installed on the air storage tank, and when the air compressor presses the air storage tank, the pressure gauge is used to monitor a pressure value.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the test valve is a gate valve or a ball valve.
The ball valve is a floating ball valve, a fixed ball valve, a wafer ball valve, a three-way ball valve or a V-shaped ball valve.
The gate valve is a rising stem gate valve or a non-rising stem gate valve.
According to specifications, the ball valve comprises a ball valve specification of 101 and a ball valve specification of 104, and the ball valve specification of 101 comprises DN100, DN15, DN20, DN25, DN32, DN40, DN50, DN65 and DN 80.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the leak rate of valve inner leakage, which can determine the leak rate of valve inner leakage.
A valve internal leakage rate evaluation grade method adopts the valve internal leakage rate evaluation device, acoustic parameters AErms are measured through an acoustic sensor, internal leakage is measured through a flowmeter, a pressure gauge connected to a gas storage tank is used for providing test pressure parameters, and function fitting is carried out according to an internal leakage flow Q-AErms curve so as to obtain a Q-AErms fitting function; and then, according to the Q-AErms fitting function, combining with a flow grade division standard to obtain the AErms evaluation standard for testing the internal leakage of the valve.
More preferably, the above AErms evaluation criteria are:
Figure BDA0002512636990000021
further preferably, the Q-AErms fitting function is as shown in equation (1):
lg Qg=3.302*lg AErms-4.642 (1);
in the formula: qgIs the gas flow rate in the standard state, m3/h;
AErms is the acoustic parameter measured by the acoustic sensor.
Further, when X < Fγ·XτWhen is, Qg=0.28(X)1/2Yp1Kv
When X is more than or equal to Fγ·XτWhen is, Qg=0.19(Xτ)1/2p1Kv
Wherein: qg- -gas flow rate in standard state, m3/h;
Kv-nominal flow coefficient, dimensionless;
x- - -ratio of differential pressure to absolute inlet pressure (Δ p/p)1) No dimension;
y-expansion systemNumber, Y ═ 1-X/(3X)τ) (when X > F)γ·XτWhen Y is 0.667), no dimension exists;
p1absolute pressure before valve, kPa;
Xτ-the differential pressure ratio coefficient, dimensionless, of a control valve without an attached pipe under choked flow conditions;
Fγcoefficient of specific heat ratio, F of air in a specified temperature rangeγ1, dimensionless.
Further preferably, K is as defined abovevCalculated according to the formulas (2) and (3):
Figure BDA0002512636990000031
in formula (2): cv- -flow coefficient, Usgal/min;
k is the flow resistance coefficient and is dimensionless;
d- - -valve drift diameter, inch;
Kv=Cv/1.156 (3);
further preferably, the values of the parameters in the formulas (2) and (3) refer to GBT4213-2008 pneumatic control valves and GBT17214.2-2005 industrial process control valves.
Further preferably, when the test valve is a gate valve, the flow resistance K-nominal diameter/mm function is:
Figure BDA0002512636990000032
when the test valve is a ball valve, the flow resistance coefficient K-nominal diameter/mm function is:
Figure BDA0002512636990000033
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) acoustic parameters are obtained through equipment such as an acoustic sensor, and the acoustic emission detection means can effectively perform online detection on the internal leakage of the valve, so that economic loss caused by shutdown is avoided;
(2) the method for evaluating the grade of the leakage rate of the internal leakage of the valve can grade the severity of the internal leakage, and fills the gap that no clear standard exists in the evaluation of the leakage rate of the internal leakage of the valve at present;
(3) the testing valve can be a ball valve or a gate valve, and the type and the caliber of the valve are not limited by the method;
(4) the invention can judge the leakage grade in the valve on line through the acoustic parameters without shutdown. The invention can effectively perform online detection of the internal leakage of the valve by using an acoustic emission detection means, thereby avoiding economic loss caused by shutdown; at present, no clear standard exists for evaluating the size of the leakage rate of the internal leakage of the valve on site, and the evaluation method for the grade of the leakage rate of the internal leakage of the valve can grade the severity of the internal leakage.
(5) The device and the method are safe to use, convenient to implement and capable of being popularized and used in petrochemical enterprises.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for evaluating an internal leakage rate of a valve according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of valve internal leakage classification.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a device and a method for evaluating the leakage rate of valve internal leakage, and the invention is described in detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the advantages and technical scheme of the invention clearer and clearer.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. Other orientations of the components are possible (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
The term "air compressor" as used herein refers to an air compressor.
As shown in fig. 1, the valve internal leakage rate evaluation device comprises an air storage tank, an air compressor, a first valve, a second valve, a flowmeter, a test valve and an acoustic sensor, wherein the air compressor is connected with the air storage tank and used for stamping the air storage tank, a pressure gauge is mounted on the air storage tank, when the air compressor stamps the air storage tank, the pressure value is monitored through the pressure gauge, when the index of the pressure gauge reaches the test pressure, the air compressor is stopped, the first valve is closed, and the test is prepared.
The gas storage tank is a device specially used for storing gas, plays a role in stabilizing the pressure of the system, and can be divided into a high-pressure gas storage tank, a low-pressure gas storage tank and a normal-pressure gas storage tank according to different bearing pressures of the gas storage tank. The gas storage tank can be divided into a carbon steel gas storage tank, a low alloy steel gas storage tank and a stainless steel gas storage tank according to different materials of the gas storage tank. In particular, the present invention allows for the conditions that meet the gas phase conditions of different petrochemical scenarios, and therefore prefers a high pressure gas tank that can meet a wide pressure range.
The air compressor is an air compressor, which is a device for compressing air, and has a structure similar to a water pump, and those skilled in the art can realize the air compressor by using the prior art, and the detailed description is omitted here.
The acoustic sensor described above functions by converting acoustic pressure waves into vibrations of a mechanical element and qualitatively detecting these vibrations by changes in the piezoelectric, resistivity, permeability or capacitance.
And a second valve and a test valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline connected between the gas storage tank and the flowmeter, an acoustic sensor is installed on the test valve, and the acoustic sensor is connected with acoustic acquisition equipment through a data line.
The flowmeter is arranged behind the test valve, the valve II is opened, different flow tests are carried out by adjusting the opening of the test valve, acoustic signals are collected after the test is started, and parameter information such as pressure values, gas flow values and the like is recorded.
The specific structure of the acoustic sensor and the monitoring method thereof are not described in detail, and can be realized by referring to the prior art.
The shape, specification and type of the test valve are not limited, and the test valve is a gate valve or a ball valve. Specifically, the ball valve may be classified into a floating ball valve, a fixed ball valve, a wafer ball valve, a three-way ball valve or a V-shaped ball valve, a stainless steel ball valve, etc. according to its kind.
Specifically, the gate valve may be a rising stem gate valve or a non-rising stem gate valve.
The stainless steel ball valve has the specification such as a 101 ball valve, a 104 ball valve, a 201 ball valve, a 206 flange ball valve, a 216 ball valve and the like. Such as for each of the specifications of the ball valve:
101 ball valves comprise DN100, DN15, DN20, DN25, DN32, DN40, DN50, DN65 and DN 80;
104 the ball valve specifications include: DN10, DN100, DN15, DN20, DN25, DN32, DN40, DN50, DN65, DN8, DN 80;
201 ball valve specification: DN10, DN100, DN15, DN20, DN25, DN32, DN40, DN50, DN65, DN8, DN 80;
specification of 206 flange ball valve: DN100, DN25, DN32, DN40, DN50, DN65, DN 80;
216 ball valve specification: DN15, DN15, DN20, DN20, DN25, DN25, DN32, DN32, DN40, DN40, DN50, and the like.
The types and specifications of the ball valve or the gate valve are not described in detail, and those skilled in the art can reasonably select the type and specification according to actual needs.
The evaluation method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
a valve internal leakage rate evaluation grade method is characterized in that a valve internal leakage rate evaluation device comprises an air storage tank, an air compressor, a second valve, a flowmeter and a test valve, wherein the air compressor is used for stamping the air storage tank, the second valve and the test valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline connected between the air storage tank and the flowmeter, an acoustic sensor is mounted on the test valve, and the acoustic sensor is connected with acoustic acquisition equipment through a data line; the air storage tank is provided with a pressure gauge, and when the air compressor punches the air storage tank, the pressure value is monitored through the pressure gauge.
The method for evaluating the grade of the internal leakage rate of the valve specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, measuring an acoustic parameter AErms through an acoustic sensor, and measuring internal leakage through a flowmeter;
secondly, providing a test pressure parameter through a pressure gauge connected to a gas storage tank, and performing function fitting according to an internal leakage flow Q-AErms curve to further obtain a Q-AErms fitting function;
and thirdly, combining flow grade division standards according to a Q-AErms fitting function to obtain the AErms evaluation standard for testing the internal leakage of the valve.
Example 2:
the valve internal leakage rate evaluation device comprises a gas storage tank, an air compressor, a second valve, a flowmeter and a test valve, wherein the air compressor is used for stamping the gas storage tank, the second valve and the test valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline connected between the gas storage tank and the flowmeter, an acoustic sensor is mounted on the test valve, and the acoustic sensor is connected with acoustic acquisition equipment through a data line; the air storage tank is provided with a pressure gauge, and when the air compressor punches the air storage tank, the pressure value is monitored through the pressure gauge.
The formula in the calculation standard for the rated capacity of the valve according to GBT4213-2008 pneumatic control valve and GBT17214.2-2005 industrial process control valve part 5-1 is shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 calculation formula for rated capacity of valve
Figure BDA0002512636990000061
Wherein Q isg- -gas flow rate in standard state, m3/h;
Kv-nominal flow coefficient, dimensionless;
x- - -ratio of differential pressure to absolute inlet pressure (Δ p/p)1) No dimension;
y- - -expansion coefficient, Y1-X/(3X)τ) (when X > F)γ·XτWhen Y is 0.667), no dimension exists;
p1absolute pressure before valve, kPa;
Xτ-the differential pressure ratio coefficient, dimensionless, of a control valve without an attached pipe under choked flow conditions;
Fγcoefficient of specific heat ratio, F of air in a specified temperature rangeγ1, dimensionless;
calculating the rated capacity of the valve according to the formula, wherein the rated flow coefficient KvThe calculation is carried out according to the following formula, wherein the values of all parameters in the formula refer to GBT4213-2008 pneumatic regulating valve and GBT17214.2-2005 industrial process control valve.
Figure BDA0002512636990000062
Cv- -flow coefficient, Usgal/min;
k is the flow resistance coefficient and is dimensionless;
d- - -valve drift diameter, inch;
Kv=Cv/1.156
the flow coefficients K for the different size and type valves are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 flow resistance coefficient K of different size and type valves
Figure BDA0002512636990000071
According to the data, the flow resistance coefficient of the ball valve is constant 0.1, while the flow resistance coefficients of the gate valve and the stop valve are not fixed, and the nominal diameter and the flow resistance coefficient of the gate valve and the stop valve are fitted to obtain a flow resistance coefficient K-nominal diameter function, as shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 flow resistance coefficient K-nominal diameter (mm) function of gate valve and stop valve
Figure BDA0002512636990000072
The calculation formula of the rated capacity of the stop valve is as follows:
Figure BDA0002512636990000073
(Usgal/min)
Kv=101.9÷1.156=88.12m3/h
due to the fact that
Figure BDA0002512636990000081
Thus using the formula
Figure BDA0002512636990000082
Calculating Qg
Figure BDA0002512636990000083
Qg=18389L/min
According to the algorithm, the rated capacity of the valve is calculated respectively. According to the provisions of GBT4213-2008 pneumatic control valve and GBT17214.2-2005 Industrial Process control valve, Qg×10-4For minor leakage, Qg×10-3For small leakage, Qg×5×10-3In the case of a medium leak,Qg×10-2is a large leak.
Example 3:
the valve internal leakage rate evaluation device comprises a gas storage tank, an air compressor, a second valve, a flowmeter and a test valve, wherein the air compressor is used for stamping the gas storage tank, the second valve and the test valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline connected between the gas storage tank and the flowmeter, an acoustic sensor is mounted on the test valve, and the acoustic sensor is connected with acoustic acquisition equipment through a data line; the air storage tank is provided with a pressure gauge, and when the air compressor punches the air storage tank, the pressure value is monitored through the pressure gauge.
On the basis of example 2, the test valve is a gate valve under 0.1 MPa.
The pressurization is performed using a compressor. The testing pressure is 0.1MPa, the testing adopts a DN65 gate valve, the leakage flow is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the gate valve, the testing is carried out by a flowmeter, and the leakage rate is tested from 6L/min to 120L/min by a difference value of 6L/min. And acquiring acoustic emission signal data under various working conditions to provide data support for the diagnosis method. And detecting by adopting acoustic emission acquisition equipment, wherein a 30kHz resonance sensor is selected as the sensor.
And performing function fitting according to an internal leakage flow Q-AErms curve to obtain a Q-AErms fitting function.
The gate valve Q-AErms function fitting coefficient R-square of DN65 is 0.8404, accords with the application requirement of engineering R-square >0.9, and the fitting function is lg Q-3.302 lg A Erms-4.642.
And (4) obtaining DN65 gate valve internal leakage AErms evaluation standard by combining the flow grade division standard according to a Q-AErms fitting function, wherein the evaluation standard is shown in a table 4.
TABLE 4 DN65 ball valve internal leakage AErms evaluation criteria
Figure BDA0002512636990000091
As shown in fig. 2, the AErms evaluation criteria is scaled down by 5% according to engineering criteria, and if the in-valve leak signal AErms is above the micro-leak criterion 95%, the valve is evaluated as a small leak, and if the in-valve leak AErms is below the micro-leak criterion 95%, the valve is evaluated as a small leak.
In conclusion, the method for evaluating the grade of the leakage rate of the valve inner leakage provided by the invention comprises various valve types and valve calibers and meets the measurement requirements of different leakage amounts. The evaluation device for the internal leakage rate of the valve can judge the internal leakage grade of the valve on line through the acoustic parameters without shutdown, and can be popularized and used in petrochemical enterprises.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Although terms such as air reservoir, air compressor, flow meter, test valve, etc. are used more often herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded, and these terms are used only for the purpose of more conveniently describing and explaining the essence of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.
It is further understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1.一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价装置,其包括储气罐、空压机、阀二、流量计及测试阀门,其特征在于:所述的空压机用于对储气罐进行冲压,所述的储气罐与所述的流量计之间连接的管道上依次设置所述的阀二和测试阀门,所述的测试阀门上安装有声学传感器,所述的声学传感器通过数据线连接有声学采集设备。1. A device for evaluating the leakage rate in a valve, comprising an air storage tank, an air compressor, a valve two, a flowmeter and a test valve, it is characterized in that: the described air compressor is used for punching the air storage tank, The second valve and the test valve are arranged on the pipeline connecting the gas storage tank and the flowmeter in sequence, and the test valve is installed with an acoustic sensor, and the acoustic sensor is connected with a data cable through a data cable. Acoustic acquisition equipment. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价装置,其特征在于:所述的储气罐上安装有压力表,当所述的空压机对储气罐进行冲压时,通过所述的压力表来监测压力值。2. The device for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve according to claim 1, wherein a pressure gauge is installed on the air storage tank, and when the air compressor presses the air storage tank, The pressure value is monitored by the described pressure gauge. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价装置,其特征在于:所述的测试阀门为闸阀或球阀。3 . The device for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve according to claim 1 , wherein the test valve is a gate valve or a ball valve. 4 . 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价装置,其特征在于:所述的球阀为浮动球阀、固定球阀、对夹式球阀、三通球阀或V型球阀。4 . The device for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve according to claim 3 , wherein the ball valve is a floating ball valve, a fixed ball valve, a wafer ball valve, a three-way ball valve or a V-shaped ball valve. 5 . 5.根据权利要求3所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价装置,其特征在于:所述的闸阀为明杆闸阀或暗杆闸阀。5 . The device for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve according to claim 3 , wherein the gate valve is an open stem gate valve or a dark stem gate valve. 6 . 6.根据权利要求3所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价装置,其特征在于:按照规格,所述的球阀包括101球阀规格、104球阀规格,所述的101球阀规格包括DN100、DN15、DN20、DN25、DN32、DN40、DN50、DN65、DN80。6. The device for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: according to the specifications, the ball valve includes 101 ball valve specifications, 104 ball valve specifications, and the 101 ball valve specifications include DN100, DN15, DN20, DN25, DN32, DN40, DN50, DN65, DN80. 7.一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价等级方法,其特征在于,其采用权利要求1~6任一项所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价装置,通过所述的声学传感器测得声学参数AErms,通过所述的流量计测得内漏量,通过连接在储气罐上的压力表来提供测试压力参数,根据内漏流量Q-AErms曲线进行函数拟合,进而得到Q-AErms拟合函数;然后根据Q-AErms拟合函数,结合流量等级划分标准,即得测试阀门内漏AErms评价标准。7. A method for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve, characterized in that it adopts the device for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and measures the acoustic parameters through the acoustic sensor. AErms, measure the internal leakage through the flowmeter, provide test pressure parameters through a pressure gauge connected to the gas storage tank, perform function fitting according to the Q-AErms curve of the internal leakage flow, and then obtain the Q-AErms fitting Then, according to the Q-AErms fitting function, combined with the flow grade classification standard, the AErms evaluation standard for the internal leakage of the test valve can be obtained. 8.根据权利要求7所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价等级方法,其特征在于:所述的AErms评价标准为:8. a kind of valve internal leakage leak rate evaluation grade method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described AErms evaluation standard is: 微小泄漏 0≤AErms<54.9;Small leakage 0≤AErms<54.9; 小泄漏 54.9≤AErms<130.38;Small leakage 54.9≤AErms<130.38; 中等泄漏 130.38≤AErms<212.27;Medium leakage 130.38≤AErms<212.27; 大泄漏 AErms≥212.27。Large leakage AErms≥212.27. 9.根据权利要求8所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价等级方法,其特征在于:当所述的测试阀门为dn65球阀时,所述的Q-AErms拟合函数如式(1)所示:9. The method for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: when the test valve is a dn65 ball valve, the Q-AErms fitting function is as shown in formula (1). Show: lgQg=3.302*lgAErms-4.642 (1); lgQg = 3.302*lgAErms-4.642 (1); 式中:Qg为标准状态下的气体流量,m3/h;In the formula: Q g is the gas flow rate in the standard state, m 3 /h; AErms为声学传感器测得的声学参数。AErms is the acoustic parameter measured by the acoustic sensor. 10.根据权利要求9所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价等级方法,其特征在于:10. A kind of valve internal leakage rate evaluation grade method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: 当X<Fγ·Xτ时,Qg=0.28(X)1/2Yp1Kv When X<F γ ·X τ , Q g =0.28(X) 1/2 Yp 1 K v 当X≥Fγ·Xτ时,Qg=0.19(Xτ)1/2p1Kv When X≥F γ ·X τ , Q g =0.19(X τ ) 1/2 p 1 K v 其中:Qg---标准状态下的气体流量,m3/h;Among them: Q g --- gas flow rate in standard state, m 3 /h; Kv---额定流量系数,无量纲;K v --- rated flow coefficient, dimensionless; X---压差与入口绝对压力之比(Δp/p1),无量纲;X---the ratio of differential pressure to inlet absolute pressure (Δp/p 1 ), dimensionless; Y---膨胀系数,Y=1-X/(3Xr),(当X>Fγ·Xτ时:Y取值0.667),无量纲;Y---expansion coefficient, Y=1-X/(3X r ), (when X>F γ ·X τ : Y value is 0.667), dimensionless; p1---阀前绝对压力,kPa;p 1 --- absolute pressure before valve, kPa; Xτ---阻塞流条件下无附接管件控制阀的压差比系数,无量纲;X τ --- differential pressure ratio coefficient of the control valve without attached pipe under the condition of blocked flow, dimensionless; Fγ---比热比系数,规定温度范围内空气的Fγ=1,无量纲。F γ --- Specific heat ratio coefficient, F γ = 1 of air within the specified temperature range, dimensionless. 11.根据权利要求10所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价等级方法,其特征在于:所述的Kv按照式(2)、(3)来计算得到:11. The method for evaluating the leakage rate of internal leakage of a valve according to claim 10, wherein the Kv is calculated according to formulas (2) and (3):
Figure FDA0002512636980000021
Figure FDA0002512636980000021
式(2)中:Cv---流量系数,Usgal/min;In formula (2): C v --- flow coefficient, Usgal/min; K---流阻系数,无量纲;K---flow resistance coefficient, dimensionless; D---阀门通径,inch;D---Valve diameter, inch; Kv=Cv/1.156 (3)。K v =C v /1.156 (3).
12.根据权利要求8所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价等级方法,其特征在于:式(2)、式(3)中各参数取值参照GBT4213-2008气动调节阀以及GBT17214.2-2005工业过程控制阀。12. A method for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: the parameter values in formula (2) and formula (3) refer to GBT4213-2008 pneumatic control valve and GBT17214.2- 2005 Industrial Process Control Valves. 13.根据权利要求11所述的一种阀门内漏泄漏率评价等级方法,其特征在于:当测试阀门为闸阀时,流阻系数K-公称直径/mm函数为:13. The method for evaluating the internal leakage rate of a valve according to claim 11, wherein: when the test valve is a gate valve, the flow resistance coefficient K-nominal diameter/mm function is:
Figure FDA0002512636980000022
Figure FDA0002512636980000022
当测试阀门为球阀时,流阻系数K-公称直径/mm函数为:When the test valve is a ball valve, the flow resistance coefficient K-nominal diameter/mm function is:
Figure FDA0002512636980000031
Figure FDA0002512636980000031
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