CN113735652A - Efficient organic material decomposing agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Efficient organic material decomposing agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency organic material decomposing agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The decomposing inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: b, bacillus subtilis preparation: 4-16 parts of a solvent; b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent; b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 4-16 parts of a solvent; an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent; trichoderma bacteria agent: 4-16 parts of a microbial inoculum; streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent; and (3) grass carbon ash: 20-60 parts; the bacillus subtilis is preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center of the China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the preservation number is CGMCC NO. 17701. The decomposition agent can realize the effects of quickly raising temperature, deodorizing, killing harmful bacteria, grass seeds, insect eggs and the like, and finally efficiently decompose crop straws and livestock and poultry manure, thereby realizing harmless and resource utilization of agricultural wastes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil fertilizers, in particular to a high-efficiency organic material decomposing inoculant and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of animal husbandry and the increasing of straw burning prohibition, the resource utilization of agricultural wastes is developed at a high speed, the comprehensive utilization rate is obviously improved, wherein the composting and returning of the wastes to the field is an important channel for realizing the cyclic utilization of agricultural resources, the application of organic fertilizers can balance soil nutrition, increase the content of organic matters in soil, improve the granular structure of the soil, increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, increase the yield of crops, improve the quality of the crops and the like, but the organic materials are decomposed slowly in the natural environment, the odor is large in the decomposition process, the incompletely decomposed materials carry a large amount of pest eggs and harmful bacteria, and the pest and disease damage can be aggravated by direct use.
The organic material decomposing inoculant is a key technology for realizing the rapid harmless recycling of organic wastes. By adopting the mode of applying the decomposition agent, the decomposition of the materials can be accelerated, and the eggs of the pests can be effectively killed, so that the resource utilization effect of the wastes is improved, and the defects and short plates in the livestock and poultry manure treatment and straw returning technology are overcome. At present, the decomposing inoculant becomes indispensable production data of industries such as organic fertilizer production, large-scale planting and cultivation, and is a key factor for developing agricultural circular economy and realizing harmless and resource utilization of wastes.
At present, a plurality of technologies and products related to organic material decomposing agents exist, but most of the problems exist as follows: slow temperature rise, poor deodorization effect, large addition amount, long fermentation period and low fermentation efficiency. The main reasons are that the strain composition of the decomposing inoculant is unreasonable, part of the decomposing inoculant is simple strain combination, the mutualistic symbiosis relationship among strains and the difference of main strains for decomposing organic matters in different fermentation stages are not fully considered, so that the fermentation efficiency is lower on the contrary, and the addition of auxiliary materials is unreasonable, so that the fermentation of the strains is not well promoted, and the like.
Therefore, how to provide a high-efficiency organic material decomposing agent is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention utilizes bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes without antagonistic action, fully considers the medium temperature period, the high temperature period and the extreme pH environment, and reasonably combines different dominant strains playing roles. The high temperature of more than 50 ℃ can be reached after the thoroughly decomposed bacteria and the fresh materials are fully mixed for 1 to 2 days, the high temperature is continued for more than 7 days, harmful germs, weed seeds and insect eggs can be fully killed, odor is basically avoided after full fermentation, and the germination index of the seeds is more than or equal to 80 percent.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the efficient organic material decomposition agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ18111 microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
trichoderma bacteria agent: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
and (3) grass carbon ash: 20-60 parts;
the bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ18111 is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms with the preservation number of CGMCC NO.17701 and the preservation address: west road No.1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, with a preservation time of 04 months and 30 days in 2019.
Preferably, the efficient organic material decomposing inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight:
bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ18111 microbial inoculum: 5-10 parts;
b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 10-15 parts;
b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 5-10 parts;
an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 5-10 parts;
trichoderma bacteria agent: 5-10 parts;
streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum: 5-10 parts;
and (3) grass carbon ash: 40-50 parts;
the bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ18111 is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms with the preservation number of CGMCC NO. 17701.
Preferably, in the efficient organic material decomposition agent, the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis preparation, the bacillus licheniformis preparation, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens preparation, the aspergillus oryzae preparation, the trichoderma preparation and the streptomyces griseus preparation is equal to or more than 0.5 hundred million/g (mL).
Preferably, in the high-efficiency organic material decomposition agent, the bacteria contamination rates of the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, the bacillus licheniformis microbial inoculum, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, the aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum, the trichoderma microbial inoculum and the streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum are all less than or equal to 20.0%.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-efficiency organic material decomposing agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) slant culture: respectively carrying out slant culture on bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus licheniformis in nutrient agar culture media in Kyarka bottles at the temperature of 30-33 ℃ for 48-72 h for later use; respectively carrying out slant culture on aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma in potato agar culture media in a Kjeldahl flask, controlling the temperature to be 26-30 ℃, and culturing for 72-96 h for later use; culturing streptomyces griseus in a Gao's first agar culture medium in a Kjeldahl flask for 72-96 h at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for later use;
(2) preparing a seed solution: respectively putting 45ml of sterile water into the bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma and streptomyces griseus slant surfaces cultured in the step (1) under the aseptic condition, and suspending the thalli for later use;
(3) fermentation: respectively inoculating the seed liquid prepared in the step (2) into liquid fermentation liquor under an aseptic condition according to the inoculation amount of 10-20%, wherein the fermentation temperature is 28-33 ℃, the rotation speed is 180-200 r/min, and the ventilation volume is 1: 0.5-0.8, fermenting and culturing for 48-72 hours, and obtaining a liquid microbial inoculum after 80-90% of spores are formed;
(4) preparing solid powder: and (4) carrying out centrifugal concentration on the liquid microbial inoculum obtained in the step (3), and weighing the following components in parts by weight: 4-16 parts of a bacillus subtilis microbial agent, 4-16 parts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent, 4-16 parts of a bacillus licheniformis microbial agent and an aspergillus oryzae microbial agent: 4-16 parts of trichoderma agent and 4-16 parts of trichoderma agent; 4-16 parts of a streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum; 20-60 parts of turf ash, uniformly mixing, and drying at a low temperature, wherein the highest drying temperature is not more than 50 ℃, the mass proportion of water is not more than 20%, and the bacteria content of a finished product is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g.
The invention further discloses application of the high-efficiency organic material decomposing inoculant in an organic fertilizer fermentation process.
Preferably, in the above application, the fermentation step is as follows:
s1, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the crop straws or the livestock and poultry manure or the mixture of the crop straws and the livestock and poultry manure to 25: 1-30/1;
s2, adding a decomposing agent into the mixture of the crop straws, the livestock manure or the crop straws and the livestock manure in a layered manner, wherein the ratio of the decomposing agent is 2-5 wt%, and the decomposing agent is uniformly turned;
s3, accumulating crop straws, livestock and poultry manure or a mixture of the crop straws and the livestock and poultry manure, and adjusting the water content to 50-60%;
s4, in the decomposition stage, turning the piles when the temperature rises to 60 +/-5 ℃, and then turning the piles for 1 time every 48-72 hours until the temperature is reduced to 30 +/-5 ℃;
s5, aging, wherein the stack is cooled and then is subjected to stacking aging for not less than 10 days.
Preferably, in the application, the stacking height of the crop straws, the livestock manure or the mixture of the crop straws and the livestock manure is 0.8-1.2 m.
Preferably, in the application, the temperature in the decomposition stage is kept for 15-20 days.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the decomposing inoculant strains comprise bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. The bacteria volume is small, the nutrition absorption area is large, the material exchange is fast, and the quick temperature rise of the decomposed material is facilitated; the fungi can not only produce cellulase, hemicellulase and the like, but also have a mechanical interpenetration effect, can effectively degrade lignocellulose and is a main group for degrading cellulose; the actinomycetes secrete extracellular enzymes which have certain alkali resistance, and the actinomycetes have important functions of decomposing cellulose at a high temperature stage and a higher pH stage, and can degrade lignin. Turfy soil, also called peat soil, black soil and turf, is a product in the development process of swamps, and contains a large amount of water, plant residues which are not thoroughly decomposed, humus and a part of mineral substances.
2. The organic material decomposition agent provided by the invention selects beneficial strains of bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma and streptomyces griseus which can quickly decompose crop straws and livestock and poultry manure, and can be prepared by adopting a modern microbial fermentation process. During the life activity of the strain, various enzymes can be generated, wherein protease, amylase, cellulase, hemicellulase, ligninase and the like are generated, so that macromolecular substances such as protein, cellulose and the like in organic materials can be effectively degraded, and the decomposition process is accelerated.
3. The product can realize the effects of quickly raising temperature, deodorizing, killing harmful bacteria, grass seeds, insect eggs and the like, finally efficiently decompose crop straws and livestock and poultry manure, and realize harmless and resource utilization of agricultural wastes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the colony morphology of Bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ 18111.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a high-efficiency organic material decomposing inoculant which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
b, bacillus subtilis preparation: 10 parts of (A);
b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 10 parts of (A);
b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 10 parts of (A);
an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 10 parts of (A);
trichoderma bacteria agent: 10 parts of (A);
streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum: 10 parts of (A);
and (3) grass carbon ash: 40 parts of the components.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an organic material decomposing inoculant which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
b, bacillus subtilis preparation: 10 parts of (A);
b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 10 parts of (A);
b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 5 parts of a mixture;
an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 5 parts of a mixture;
trichoderma bacteria agent: 5 parts of a mixture;
streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum: 10 parts of (A);
and (3) grass carbon ash: and 55 parts.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an organic material decomposing inoculant which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
b, bacillus subtilis preparation: 15 parts of (1);
b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 10 parts of (A);
b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 10 parts of (A);
an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 10 parts of (A);
trichoderma bacteria agent: 5 parts of a mixture;
streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum: 10 parts of (A);
and (3) grass carbon ash: 40 parts of the components.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an organic material decomposing inoculant which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
b, bacillus subtilis preparation: 10 parts of (A);
b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 15 parts of (1);
b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 10 parts of (A);
an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 5 parts of a mixture;
trichoderma bacteria agent: 10 parts of (A);
streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum: 10 parts of (A);
and (3) grass carbon ash: 40 parts of the components.
Example 5
Examples 1-4 provide methods for preparing organic material decomposing agents as follows:
(1) slant culture: respectively carrying out slant culture on bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus licheniformis in nutrient agar culture media in Kyarka bottles at the temperature of 30-33 ℃ for 48-72 h for later use; respectively carrying out slant culture on aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma in potato agar culture media in a Kjeldahl flask, controlling the temperature to be 26-30 ℃, and culturing for 72-96 h for later use; culturing streptomyces griseus in a Gao's first agar culture medium in a Kjeldahl flask for 72-96 h at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for later use;
(2) preparing a seed solution: respectively putting 45ml of sterile water into the bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma and streptomyces griseus slant surfaces cultured in the step (1) under the aseptic condition, and suspending the thalli for later use;
(3) fermentation: respectively inoculating the seed liquid prepared in the step (2) into liquid fermentation liquor under an aseptic condition according to the inoculation amount of 10-20%, wherein the fermentation temperature is 28-33 ℃, the rotation speed is 180-200 r/min, and the ventilation volume is 1: 0.5-0.8, fermenting and culturing for 48-72 hours, and obtaining a liquid microbial inoculum after 80-90% of spores are formed;
(4) preparing solid powder: and (4) carrying out centrifugal concentration on the liquid microbial inoculum obtained in the step (3), and weighing the following components in parts by weight: 4-16 parts of a bacillus subtilis microbial agent, 4-16 parts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent, 4-16 parts of a bacillus licheniformis microbial agent and an aspergillus oryzae microbial agent: 4-16 parts of trichoderma agent and 4-16 parts of trichoderma agent; 4-16 parts of a streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum; 20-60 parts of turf ash, uniformly mixing, and drying at a low temperature, wherein the highest drying temperature is not more than 50 ℃, the mass proportion of water is not more than 20%, and the bacteria content of a finished product is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g.
Example 6
The organic fertilizer was prepared using the formulation of example 1, with the following fermentation steps:
s1, mixing the cow dung and the corn straws in proportion, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25: 1;
s2, adding a decomposing agent into the corn straws in a layered mode, wherein the decomposing agent accounts for 3 wt% of the corn straws, and turning the corn straws uniformly;
s3, stacking the corn straws, and adjusting the water content to 55%; the stacking height of the corn straws is 1 meter;
s4, in the decomposition stage, turning the piles when the temperature rises to 55 ℃, and then turning the piles for 1 time every 48 hours until the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃; in the decomposition stage, the temperature is kept for 18 days, and the high temperature is kept for 13 days above 50 ℃;
s5, an aging stage, wherein the stack is cooled and then is subjected to stacking aging for 15 days.
Example 7
The organic fertilizer was prepared using the formulation of example 2, with the fermentation steps as follows:
s1, mixing the cow dung and the wheat straws in proportion, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25: 1;
s2, adding a decomposing agent into the cow dung and the wheat straws in a layered mode, wherein the decomposing agent accounts for 3 wt% of the total weight of the wheat straws, and turning over the mixture uniformly;
s3, stacking the cow dung and the wheat straws, and adjusting the water content to 55%; the stacking height of the cow dung and the wheat straw is 1 meter;
s4, in the decomposition stage, turning the piles when the temperature rises to 55 ℃, and then turning the piles for 1 time every 48 hours until the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃; in the decomposition stage, the temperature is kept for 16 days, and the high temperature is kept for 12 days above 50 ℃;
s5, an aging stage, wherein the stack is cooled and then is subjected to stacking aging for 15 days.
Example 8
The organic fertilizer was prepared using the formulation of example 3, with the fermentation steps as follows:
s1, mixing the sheep manure and the bran in proportion, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 30: 1;
s2, adding a decomposing agent into the sheep manure and the bran layer by layer, wherein the decomposing agent accounts for 3 wt% per mill and is uniformly turned;
s3, stacking the mixture of the sheep manure and the bran, and adjusting the water content to 50%; the stacking height of the mixture of the sheep manure and the bran is 1 meter;
s4, in the decomposition stage, turning the piles when the temperature rises to 55 ℃, and then turning the piles for 1 time every 48 hours until the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃; in the decomposition stage, the temperature is kept for 15 days, and the high temperature is kept for 11 days above 50 ℃;
s5, an aging stage, wherein the stack is cooled and then is subjected to stacking aging for 15 days.
Example 9
The organic fertilizer was prepared using the formulation of example 4, with the fermentation steps as follows:
s1, mixing the chicken manure and the corn straws in proportion, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25: 1;
s2, adding a decomposing agent into the mixture of the chicken manure and the corn straws in a layered manner, wherein the decomposing agent accounts for 3 wt% per mill, and uniformly turning over;
s3, stacking the mixture of the chicken manure and the corn stalks, and adjusting the water content to 55%; the stacking height of the mixture of the chicken manure and the corn stalks is 1 meter;
s4, in the decomposition stage, turning the piles when the temperature rises to 60 ℃, and then turning the piles for 1 time every 48 hours until the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃; in the decomposition stage, the temperature is kept for 15 days, and the high temperature is kept for 11 days above 50 ℃;
s5, an aging stage, wherein the stack is cooled and then is subjected to stacking aging for 15 days.
Comparative example 1
An organic material decomposition agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
b, bacillus subtilis preparation: 10 parts of (A);
b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 15 parts of (1);
b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 10 parts of (A);
an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 5 parts of a mixture;
and (3) grass carbon ash: 60 parts.
The preparation method of the organic material decomposition agent comprises the following steps:
(1) slant culture: respectively carrying out slant culture on bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus licheniformis in nutrient agar culture media in Kyarka bottles at the temperature of 30-33 ℃ for 48-72 h for later use; respectively carrying out slant culture on aspergillus oryzae in potato agar culture media in Kyara bottles at the temperature of 26-30 ℃ for 72-96 h for later use;
(2) preparing a seed solution: respectively putting 45ml of sterile water into the bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis and aspergillus oryzae slant surfaces cultured in the step (1) under the aseptic condition, and suspending the thalli for later use;
(3) fermentation: respectively inoculating the seed liquid prepared in the step (2) into liquid fermentation liquor under an aseptic condition according to the inoculation amount of 10-20%, wherein the fermentation temperature is 28-33 ℃, the rotation speed is 180-200 r/min, and the ventilation volume is 1: 0.5-0.8, fermenting and culturing for 48-72 hours, and obtaining a liquid microbial inoculum after 80-90% of spores are formed;
(4) preparing solid powder: and (4) carrying out centrifugal concentration on the liquid microbial inoculum obtained in the step (3), and weighing according to the following mass fraction: 4-16 parts of bacillus subtilis, 4-16 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 4-16 parts of bacillus licheniformis and aspergillus oryzae: 4-16 parts of turf and 20-60 parts of turf, uniformly mixing, and drying at a low temperature, wherein the highest drying temperature is not more than 50 ℃, the mass proportion of water is not more than 20%, and the bacteria content of a finished product is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g.
The organic fertilizer fermentation steps are as follows:
s1, mixing the cow dung and the corn straws in proportion, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25: 1;
s2, adding a decomposing agent in layers to the crop straws, the livestock manure or the mixture of the crop straws and the livestock manure, wherein the ratio of the decomposing agent is 5wt per thousand, and the decomposing agent is uniformly turned over;
s3, accumulating crop straws, livestock and poultry manure or a mixture of the crop straws and the livestock and poultry manure, and adjusting the water content to 55%; the stacking height of the crop straws, the livestock and poultry manure or the mixture of the crop straws and the livestock and poultry manure is 1 meter;
s4, in the decomposition stage, turning the piles when the temperature rises to 55 ℃, and then turning the piles for 1 time every 48 hours until the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃; in the decomposition stage, the temperature is kept for 22 days, and the high temperature is kept for 7 days above 50 ℃;
s5, an aging stage, wherein the stack is cooled and then is subjected to stacking aging for 15 days.
When the organic fertilizers prepared in examples 6-9 and comparative example 1 are used in the wheat planting process, the following effects are obtained:
TABLE 1 comparison of the results of examples 6-9 and comparative example 1
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the comparative example, the examples have the advantages that the decomposition time is shortened, the duration time of the high temperature of more than 50 ℃ is longer, the germination index of the seeds is high, the yield increasing benefit is good, and the effect of the examples is obviously better than that of the comparative example. Compared with the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the bacillus licheniformis and the aspergillus oryzae, the trichoderma has complete lignocellulose enzyme secretion analogy and has better lignin decomposition capacity in the decomposition process; streptomyces griseus grows and breeds slowly, and the ability of degrading cellulose and lignin is not very strong, but actinomycetes secretes extracellular enzyme which has certain alkali resistance, and the actinomycetes plays an important role in decomposing cellulose at a high temperature stage and a high pH stage, and meanwhile, the actinomycetes can degrade lignin, and can be mixed with other fungi for use, so that the streptomyces griseus has a good synergistic effect on maturity.
Commercial sources of microbial agents used in the present invention:
the bacillus subtilis is separated from pepper plants by a microbial fertilizer technology research and popularization center, is preserved by the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and has a registration number of CGMCC No. 17701; bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Aspergillus oryzae, Trichoderma and Streptomyces griseus are purchased from China agricultural microbial strain preservation management center, and the registration numbers are respectively as follows: bacillus amyloliquefaciens ACCC 19745; bacillus licheniformis ACCCC 01957; aspergillus oryzae ACCC 31493; trichoderma ACCC 30193; streptomyces griseus ACCC 40487.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The efficient organic material decomposing inoculant is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ18111 microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
trichoderma bacteria agent: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum: 4-16 parts of a solvent;
and (3) grass carbon ash: 20-60 parts;
the bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ18111 is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms with the preservation number of CGMCCNO.17701.
2. The efficient organic material decomposing inoculant according to claim 1, wherein the efficient organic material decomposing inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight:
bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ18111 microbial inoculum: 5-10 parts;
b, bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum: 10-15 parts;
b, bacillus licheniformis agent: 5-10 parts;
an aspergillus oryzae microbial inoculum: 5-10 parts;
trichoderma bacteria agent: 5-10 parts;
streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum: 5-10 parts;
and (3) grass carbon ash: 40-50 parts;
the bacillus subtilis GT018-JZ18111 is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms with the preservation number of CGMCC NO. 17701.
3. The efficient organic material decomposing agent according to claim 1, wherein the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis preparation, the bacillus licheniformis preparation, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens preparation, the aspergillus oryzae preparation, the trichoderma preparation and the streptomyces griseus preparation is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g (mL).
4. The efficient organic material decomposing inoculant according to claim 1, wherein the bacteria rate of the bacillus subtilis inoculant, the bacillus licheniformis inoculant, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens inoculant, the aspergillus oryzae inoculant, the trichoderma inoculant and the streptomyces griseus inoculant is less than or equal to 20.0%.
5. The method for preparing a high efficiency organic material decomposing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) slant culture: respectively carrying out slant culture on bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus licheniformis in nutrient agar culture media in Kyarka bottles at the temperature of 30-33 ℃ for 48-72 h for later use; respectively carrying out slant culture on aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma in potato agar culture media in a Kjeldahl flask, controlling the temperature to be 26-30 ℃, and culturing for 72-96 h for later use; culturing streptomyces griseus in a Gao's first agar culture medium in a Kjeldahl flask for 72-96 h at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for later use;
(2) preparing a seed solution: respectively putting 45ml of sterile water into the bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma and streptomyces griseus slant surfaces cultured in the step (1) under the aseptic condition, and suspending the thalli for later use;
(3) fermentation: respectively inoculating the seed liquid prepared in the step (2) into liquid fermentation liquor under an aseptic condition according to the inoculation amount of 10-20%, wherein the fermentation temperature is 28-33 ℃, the rotation speed is 180-200 r/min, and the ventilation volume is 1: 0.5-0.8, fermenting and culturing for 48-72 hours, and obtaining a liquid microbial inoculum after 80-90% of spores are formed;
(4) preparing solid powder: and (4) carrying out centrifugal concentration on the liquid microbial inoculum obtained in the step (3), and weighing the following components in parts by weight: 4-16 parts of a bacillus subtilis microbial agent, 4-16 parts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent, 4-16 parts of a bacillus licheniformis microbial agent and an aspergillus oryzae microbial agent: 4-16 parts of trichoderma agent and 4-16 parts of trichoderma agent; 4-16 parts of a streptomyces griseus microbial inoculum; 20-60 parts of turf ash, uniformly mixing, and drying at a low temperature, wherein the highest drying temperature is not more than 50 ℃, the mass proportion of water is not more than 20%, and the bacteria content of a finished product is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g.
6. Use of the efficient organic material decomposing agent of any one of claims 1 to 4 in an organic fertilizer fermentation process.
7. The application of the high-efficiency organic material decomposing inoculant as defined in claim 6 in an organic fertilizer fermentation process, wherein the fermentation steps are as follows:
s1, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the crop straws or the livestock and poultry manure or the mixture of the crop straws and the livestock and poultry manure to 25: 1-30/1;
s2, adding a decomposing agent into the mixture of the crop straws, the livestock manure or the crop straws and the livestock manure in a layered manner, wherein the ratio of the decomposing agent is 2-5 wt%, and the decomposing agent is uniformly turned;
s3, accumulating crop straws, livestock and poultry manure or a mixture of the crop straws and the livestock and poultry manure, and adjusting the water content to 50-60%;
s4, in the decomposition stage, turning the piles when the temperature rises to 60 +/-5 ℃, and then turning the piles for 1 time every 48-72 hours until the temperature is reduced to 30 +/-5 ℃;
s5, aging, wherein the stack is cooled and then is subjected to stacking aging for not less than 10 days.
8. The application of the high-efficiency organic material decomposing inoculant as claimed in claim 7 in the organic fertilizer fermentation process is characterized in that the stacking height of the crop straws, the livestock manure or the mixture of the crop straws and the livestock manure is 0.8-1.2 m.
9. The application of the high-efficiency organic material decomposing agent in the organic fertilizer fermentation process according to claim 7 is characterized in that the temperature is kept for 15-20 days in the decomposing stage.
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Application publication date: 20211203 |