CN113692880A - Side slope greening device and method based on kangaroo type long bags - Google Patents
Side slope greening device and method based on kangaroo type long bags Download PDFInfo
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- CN113692880A CN113692880A CN202111040871.2A CN202111040871A CN113692880A CN 113692880 A CN113692880 A CN 113692880A CN 202111040871 A CN202111040871 A CN 202111040871A CN 113692880 A CN113692880 A CN 113692880A
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- soil
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- kangaroo
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0295—Units comprising two or more connected receptacles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/50—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor contained within a flexible envelope
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A slope regreening device and a regreening method based on kangaroo type long bags are disclosed, the device comprises kangaroo type long bags, filling matrix materials in a filling body and a fixing device; kangaroo-type elongate bag comprising: the long bag comprises a long bag body, a plurality of planting small bags and tying openings, the filling matrix material comprises soil, fertilizer and soil improvement fibers, and the fixing device comprises at least one reinforcing rod and a plurality of anchor rods. The flexible bag body is adopted to replace traditional hard building materials such as reinforcing steel bars, cement concrete and the like, the bag body material can permeate water instantly, can effectively solve drainage and is integrated with a rock slope to form a permanent ecological retaining wall; a layer of soil containing activity is piled up on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, so that the difficulty that the adhesion force of foreign soil and rock is not strong is overcome; the soil, nutrient substances and plant attachment space required by the growth of the plants on the rock slope are provided better, the growth of the plants in the ecological bag and the rooting of the plant roots can prevent rainfall from washing away soil and broken stones, the driving safety and the driving comfort can be improved, and the effects of noise reduction and dust removal can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a side slope re-greening device based on kangaroo type long bags in rock steep slope greening and ecological restoration engineering and a method for re-greening by using the side slope re-greening device.
Background
In the process of infrastructure construction and mineral exploitation, a large number of exposed mountains can be formed, and in order to realize sustainable development, protect ecological environment and reduce water and soil loss, the rock slope needs to be subjected to greening or ecological restoration. The conventional technical means is difficult to carry out vegetation restoration on a large number of high and steep slopes in engineering, particularly high and steep rock slopes.
The long bag is a new technology generated under the requirement, and the technology is a series of long soil bags longitudinally arranged on the surface of a slope body, and then plants are planted on the bag body through an opening. This technique needs to break on the bag body, takes place a series of problems such as the bag body tears easily, has increased the potential safety hazard. In addition, how to obtain the corresponding restoration matrix, the restoration matrix and the ecological bag are organically combined and well fixed on the side slope, which becomes a problem to be solved in the prior art. Therefore, aiming at the steep rock slope, finding a safer and more efficient vegetation restoration device and method is a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field, and has very important significance for building an ecological new city and protecting the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a side slope greening device based on kangaroo type long bags and a method for performing greening by using the side slope greening device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a side slope is green device again based on rectangular bag of kangaroo type which characterized in that includes:
a kangaroo-type strip bag, a filling matrix material filled into a body of the kangaroo-type strip bag, and a fixing device for fixing the kangaroo-type strip bag;
the kangaroo-type strip bag comprises: a strip bag body, a plurality of planting small bags and tying openings,
the long-strip bag body is closed at one end, and a tying opening is formed in the other end of the long-strip bag body and used for containing soil in the long-strip bag body;
the planting small bags are sequentially arranged on the strip bag body and are provided with openings, so that planting soil or cup seedlings are filled in the planting small bags, and the directions of the openings of the planting small bags are the same;
the fill matrix material includes soil, fertilizer, and soil improving fibers, the soil improving fibers including: wood fiber, biochar, humus, mushroom residue, polysaccharide, seaweed extract, carboxymethyl chitosan, biochemical potassium fulvate, diatomite, shell powder, trichoderma, azotobacter and composite bacillus.
The fixing device comprises at least one reinforcing rod and a plurality of anchor rods;
the reinforcing rod is a long rod and is used for horizontally placing from the front side to support a plurality of kangaroo-shaped long bags for slope greening;
the stock is the L type, including minor face and long limit, wherein, the long limit inserts domatic for domatic in to utilize the minor face to catch the stiffening rod, with the stiffening rod restraint is fixed on the domatic face of limit.
Optionally, a plurality of the planting pouches are sewn on the strip bag body.
Optionally, the strip bag body and the planting pouch are made of a weather-resistant non-woven material, when the planting pouch is sewn, the bottom of the planting pouch can be partially folded and sewn, and the tying opening is formed by inward folding and sewing of the edge of the strip bag body.
Optionally, the fertilizer in the filling matrix material is a slow release fertilizer;
the soil improving fiber in the filling matrix material comprises, in parts by weight,
humus: 25-30 parts by weight;
mushroom dregs: 10-15 parts by weight;
polysaccharide: 3-6 parts by weight;
refined seaweed: 1-3 parts by weight;
carboxymethyl chitosan: 1-2 parts by weight;
biochemical potassium fulvate: 1-3 parts by weight;
diatomite: 1-3 parts by weight;
shell powder: 3-5 parts by weight;
and (3) trichoderma: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
nitrogen-fixing bacteria: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
b, composite bacillus: 0.001-0.005 weight portion.
Alternatively, for the soil improving fiber,
wherein the wood fiber is obtained by steaming and extracting wood or paper mixture at high temperature and heating at 200 deg.C, and is subjected to sterilization and recycling heat treatment;
the biochar is prepared by pyrolysis of wood, and has a high-porosity particle structure;
the humus is the main part of soil organic matters and is black amorphous organic colloid;
the mushroom dregs are prepared by crushing and fermenting mushroom production leftovers;
the polysaccharide is a polysaccharide cross-linked substance, can provide water retention capacity, and can increase the viscosity and the bonding strength of a matrix to prevent scouring;
the seaweed essence takes alginic acid as a main component, and also contains essential elements of plants, plant growth hormone (auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin), vitamins, humic acid, plant stress-resistant factors and the like;
the carboxymethyl chitosan is a water-soluble chitosan derivative and is prepared by reacting chitosan with chloroacetic acid under an alkaline condition;
the biochemical potassium fulvate is a pure natural fermentation product, is rich in almost all substances such as amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, saccharides and various enzymes required in the plant growth process, and has a growth promoting factor with a high biological activity function;
the diatomite is a siliceous rock, has a special porous structure and a larger specific surface area, and has strong adsorption performance and light volume weight;
the main component of the shell powder is calcium carbonate, and the shell powder contains a small amount of amino acid, polysaccharide substances and chitin, and also contains certain essential elements (copper, magnesium, potassium, molybdenum, phosphorus, manganese, iron and zinc) for plant growth;
the trichoderma can decompose organic matters of cellulose in the growth and propagation processes to generate substances of amino acid and polysaccharide;
the azotobacter can automatically propagate and fix free nitrogen in the air in the soil;
the composite bacillus comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus laterosporus, and can generate substances which are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, such as organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone and the like in the growth and propagation process.
Optionally, the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is determined by the soil organic matter content of a rock slope, and the relationship between the soil organic matter content of the rock slope and the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is as follows;
the content of organic matter (wt%) in soil of rock slope is 0-0.75, and the using quantity (g/m) of soil improvement fibre2) 500-; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 0.75-1.5, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) Is 450-500; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 1.5-2.0, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) 400-450; when the content of organic matters (weight percent) in the soil of the rock slope is 2.0-5.0, the using amount (g/m2) of the soil improvement fiber is less than or equal to 400.
Optionally, the reinforcing rods of the reinforcing device are multiple, and each reinforcing rod is fixed on the side slope surface by multiple anchor rods, so that multiple strip bags are fixed on the side slope surface;
the fixing device further comprises a U-shaped nail which can be nailed into the side slope surface, and the strip-shaped bag is fixed on the side slope surface by utilizing the concave part in the middle of the U-shaped nail.
Optionally, the two ends of the reinforcing rod are provided with reinforcing nails bent inwards, and the reinforcing nails are inserted into the edge slope surfaces;
the reinforcing rod and the anchor rod are both made of cold-rolled ribbed steel bars.
The invention further discloses a method for carrying out greening by utilizing the slope greening device based on the kangaroo type long bags, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing the filling matrix material according to a certain proportion;
2) filling the filling matrix material into a strip bag body of the kangaroo-type strip bag;
3) fixedly mounting the kangaroo type long bag on the surface of the rock slope through the fixing structure;
4) and (4) putting the cup seedlings into the planting small bags of the kangaroo type long bags to finish the rock slope greening.
Optionally, the green recovering method specifically includes:
before fixing the kangaroo type long bag, slope surface treatment is carried out, and loose rocks on the surface of the side slope are cleaned by adopting a machine tool or a manual method;
mixing the filling matrix materials, uniformly mixing by using a machine, filling the mixture into a long bag body of the kangaroo type long bag, and sealing the bag body by using a highly uvioresistant binding belt;
longitudinally arranging the kangaroo-shaped long bags along the slope toe line, and then transversely building the kangaroo-shaped long bags;
fixing the U-shaped steel bars on the surface of a rock slope to form a reinforcing rod in a fixing structure of the Kangaroo type long strip bag, determining the positions of the U-shaped steel bars according to the rock slope, anchoring two ends of each U-shaped steel bar to a rock body, determining the type of the steel bars according to the rock slope, and selecting screw threads phi 16 steel bars with the rock slope of 35-40 degrees; selecting a screw thread phi 18 steel bar for the rock slope of 40-50 degrees, selecting a screw thread phi 20 steel bar for the rock slope of 50-60 degrees, and selecting phi and above steel bars for the rock slope of more than 60 degrees;
and filling the cup seedlings into the planting small bags of the kangaroo type long bags, wherein the filling matrix material provides nutrients for rock slope greening.
The invention discloses a rock slope greening device, which has the following advantages:
1. the flexible bag body is adopted to replace the traditional hard building materials such as reinforcing steel bars, cement concrete and the like, so that the sand dune structure supporting effect is realized, and the bag body is made of a material with excellent physical properties, high strength, small deformation, hydrophilicity and breathability; good water permeability and ultraviolet resistance. The bag body material can permeate water instantly, realizes virtuous cycle of water, is beneficial to plant growth, can effectively solve water drainage, is beneficial to stable structure, and is integrated with a rock side slope to form a permanent ecological retaining wall.
2. A layer of soil containing activity is piled up on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, the problem that plants cannot root on the rock for oxygen uptake is solved, and meanwhile, the difficulty that the adhesion force of foreign soil and the rock is not strong is overcome, so that the ecological regreening of the rock slope is realized.
3. The soil, nutrient substances and plant attachment space required by the growth of the plants on the rock side slope are well provided so as to achieve the purposes of restoring the natural environment, protecting the ecological balance and beautifying the environment, the growth of the plants in the side slope greening device and the rooting of the plant root system can prevent rainfall from washing away soil and gravels, particularly on the road side slope, the driving safety and the driving comfort can be improved, and the effects of noise reduction and dust removal can be achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front and side comparative view of a kangaroo-type elongated bag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of a reinforcement bar of a fixation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view of a rock bolt of a fixation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a working elevation view of a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a fixation side view of a fixation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a staple of a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the operation state of a kangaroo-type long bag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings respectively refer to the technical features:
1. a reinforcing rod; 11. reinforcing the nail; 2. an anchor rod; 21. a short side; 22. a long side; 3. a long bag; 31. planting small bags; 32. tying; 33. a strip bag body; 34. an opening; 4. a U-shaped nail.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
The invention mainly comprises the following steps: aiming at the problem that the strip bag is easy to tear, a kangaroo-type strip bag is prepared, a plurality of planting small bags are arranged on the surface of a strip bag body, and the planting small bags are provided with openings, so that the safety of the strip bag is improved; filling a special filling matrix material in the body of the kangaroo-shaped long bag, stacking a layer of soil containing nutrient activity on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, solving the problems of poor soil and nutrient and poor water storage and retention capacity, directly planting cup seedlings in the small bag of the kangaroo-shaped long bag to form a rock slope re-green structure, and completing re-green of the slope; utilize the combination of anchor bar and stock, fix a plurality of rectangular bags on the slope surface of limit, avoided destroying the original structure of the bag body, still possess the U type nail, can fix on the slope surface of limit a small amount of rectangular bags of side slope.
Specifically, the invention discloses a side slope greening device based on kangaroo type long bags, which comprises: a kangaroo-type strip bag 3, a filling matrix material filled into a body of the kangaroo-type strip bag, and a fixing device for fixing the kangaroo-type strip bag;
wherein, referring to fig. 1, said kangaroo-type elongated bag 3 comprises: a strip bag body 33, a plurality of planting small bags 31 and tying openings 32,
a strip bag body 33 having one end closed and the other end provided with a binding 32 for containing soil in the strip bag body 33;
the planting small bags 31 are sequentially arranged on the strip bag body 33, openings 34 are formed in the planting small bags 31, so that the planting small bags 31 are filled with planting soil or cup seedlings, and the directions of the openings 34 of the planting small bags are the same. The long-strip bag is called a kangaroo long-strip bag because the long-strip bag body is provided with a plurality of planting small bags to form a shape similar to a kangaroo.
The fill matrix material includes soil, fertilizer, and soil improving fibers, the soil improving fibers including: wood fiber, biochar, humus, mushroom residue, polysaccharide, seaweed extract, carboxymethyl chitosan, biochemical potassium fulvate, diatomite, shell powder, trichoderma, azotobacter and composite bacillus.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, the fixing device includes at least one reinforcing rod 1 and a plurality of anchor rods 2;
wherein the reinforcing rod 1 is a long rod which is horizontally placed from the front to support a plurality of kangaroo-shaped long bags 3 for slope greening;
the anchor rod 2 is L-shaped and comprises a short edge 21 and a long edge 22, wherein the long edge 22 is inserted into the slope surface relative to the slope surface, and the short edge 21 is used for hooking the reinforcing rod 1 so as to restrain and fix the reinforcing rod 1 on the slope surface.
Referring to fig. 7, when vegetation is restored on a steep rock slope, a kangaroo-type long bag body 33 is fixed at the toe of the slope, the long bag body is filled with a filling matrix material and tied, then cup seedlings are directly planted in small bags 31 of the kangaroo-type long bags, openings 34 of the planting small bags face upwards, and the growth conditions of similar fields are provided for the vegetation. Meanwhile, a plurality of planting small bags 31 can intercept rainwater falling in the air, so that the vegetation natural growth rule is met, and the water resource utilization rate is improved.
As can be seen from the above features, the ecological bag for slope greening of the present invention has the following features:
1. the kangaroo type long bag is prepared, the planting small bag is sewn on the surface of the long bag body, the long bag body is not provided with an opening for containing soil for planting any more, the long bag body is prevented from being torn, and the safety of the long bag is improved;
2. planting soil or planting soil in cup seedlings can be attached to the soil of the long bag to form a soil structure with an upper layer and a lower layer, the planting small bag is favorable for water retention, the water utilization rate is improved, meanwhile, the loss of water and soil is further avoided, and the greening effect is enhanced;
3. the openings of the planting small bags are in the same direction, so that the openings of the planting small bags face upwards to provide a field-like growing condition for the vegetation; meanwhile, a plurality of planting small bags can intercept rainwater falling in the air, so that the utilization rate of water resources is improved;
4. the special matrix material can be used for piling up a layer of soil containing nutrient activity on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, and solves the problems of poor nutrient of sandy soil and poor water storage capacity, thereby realizing ecological greening of the rock slope.
5. Utilize the combination of anchor strut 1 and stock 2, fix a plurality of rectangular bags on the slope surface of limit, avoided destroying the original structure of the bag body, self processing is simple, and is fixed effectual, can obtain through directly buckling the reinforcing bar, and the cost is lower.
Further, when preparing the kangaroo-type long bag, the plurality of planting pouches 31 are sewn on the long bag body 33.
Therefore, the planting pouch 31 is fixedly arranged on the strip-shaped pouch body 33 in a sewing manner, namely, the strip-shaped pouch body no longer has an opening to accommodate soil for planting, so that the strip-shaped pouch body 33 is prevented from being torn, and the safety of the strip-shaped pouch is improved.
Have the packing matrix material in rectangular bag body 33, fill with planting soil or the back in the inside of planting pouch 31, plant soil and can depend on the soil of rectangular bag, two-layer soil structure about forming, it is favorable to the moisturizing to plant pouch 31, improves the moisture utilization ratio, has further avoided the loss of soil and water simultaneously, has strengthened the effect of making green again.
In one particular embodiment, the kangaroo-type elongated bag body 33 is 4 meters long and 30 centimeters in diameter; the planting small bag 31 is a square small bag with the volume of 10 multiplied by 10 cm, and the left side, the right side and the bottom of the planting small bag are sewn with the kangaroo type long bag body 33; the space between the planting small bags 31 is 35 cm.
It will be apparent that the particular dimensions can be adjusted to the plants being planted, and the dimensions of the particular planting pouches and the spacing between them can be adjusted to the plants being planted. For example, when smaller-root vines such as ivy, parthenocissus tricuspidata and kudzu are planted, the specification of the planting small bags is 10 cm, and the distance can be properly increased to 1 meter or 2 meters; when shrubs (such as fructus forsythiae, winter jasmine, Chinese littleleaf boxwood, rhododendron pulchrum and the like) with the plant height of 50 cm are planted, the planting small bags can be 5 cm, the distance between the small bags can be 35 cm, and the diameter of the bag body is kept at 30 cm or is properly reduced; when large shrubs such as amorpha fruticosa, lespedeza bicolor, winter jasmine, sweet clover and the like are planted, the planting small bags need to be properly enlarged to 15-20 cm, the spacing is 80-150 cm, and the diameter is ensured to be not less than 30 cm.
Furthermore, the strip bag body 33 and the planting small bag 31 are made of weather-resistant non-woven materials, so that the water-permeable and soil-retaining characteristics are achieved, the risk of plant flooding can be effectively avoided, the service life is long, and the acid-resistant, alkali-resistant and ultraviolet-resistant long-bag planting bag has strong acid resistance, strong alkali resistance, strong external wind, frost, rain and snow resistance and strong ageing resistance.
Furthermore, when the planting small bags 31 are sewn, the bottom parts of the planting small bags 31 can be folded and sewn, so that the volume of the planting bags can be increased, and the soil volume and the vegetation growth can be improved.
Furthermore, the tying opening is formed by folding the edge of the strip bag body inwards and sewing.
Further, for the soil improving fiber in the filling matrix material, in terms of parts by weight,
humus: 25-30 parts by weight;
mushroom dregs: 10-15 parts by weight;
polysaccharide: 3-6 parts by weight;
refined seaweed: 1-3 parts by weight;
carboxymethyl chitosan: 1-2 parts by weight;
biochemical potassium fulvate: 1-3 parts by weight;
diatomite: 1-3 parts by weight;
shell powder: 3-5 parts by weight;
and (3) trichoderma: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
nitrogen-fixing bacteria: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
b, composite bacillus: 0.001-0.005 weight portion.
Further, in the case of the soil improving fiber,
wherein the wood fiber is obtained by sterilizing and recycling heat treated wood fiber, is a recyclable plant fiber substance, and is obtained by steaming and extracting mixture of wood or paper at high temperature and heating at 200 deg.C. The wood fiber after heat treatment is lighter and thinner, can cover a larger area in unit weight, has more excellent water retention and bonding performance, and eliminates weed seeds and pathogens through aseptic treatment. The wood fiber has a large number of irregular gaps, has super-strong hydrophilic performance, is high in moisture absorption speed, is not easy to harden after being dried, and provides an ideal growing environment for rapid germination and seedling strengthening of seeds, so that the wood fiber can provide organic matters for soil and improve the water retention capacity.
The biochar is prepared by high-temperature decomposition of wood, has a high-porosity particle structure, has a pore diameter of 0.1809 mu m, is easy to gather nutrient substances and beneficial microorganisms, can improve the water and fertilizer holding capacity of soil, increase the cation exchange capacity, and provide a moving place for soil probiotic microorganisms, so that the soil becomes fertile and is beneficial to plant growth.
The humus is the main part of soil organic matters, is a black amorphous organic colloid, contains elements required by plant growth and development, and can improve soil and increase fertility. The humus can be slowly decomposed in soil under certain conditions, and nutrients mainly comprising nitrogen and sulfur are released to be absorbed by plants.
The mushroom dregs are prepared by crushing and fermenting mushroom production leftovers, contain a large amount of nutrients such as protein, amino acid, mycoprotein, Ca, Zn, Mg and the like, and are easily absorbed and utilized by plants through fermentation.
The polysaccharide is a cross-linked polysaccharide that provides water retention capability while also increasing the viscosity and cohesive strength of the matrix to prevent washout.
The seaweed essence contains alginic acid as main ingredient, and also contains plant essential elements, plant growth hormone (auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin), vitamins, humic acid, plant stress-resistant factor, etc. The seaweed extract can promote seed germination, improve germination rate and facilitate plant growth. The algae essence is favorable for cultivating whole seedlings and strong seedlings, can promote the growth of plant root systems, and is favorable for plants to absorb water and nutrients.
The carboxymethyl chitosan is a water-soluble chitosan derivative and is prepared by reacting chitosan with chloroacetic acid under an alkaline condition. The carboxymethyl chitosan contains almost all substances such as amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like required in the growth process of plants, can promote the plants to absorb nutrients, increases the resistance of the plants, and also has the functions of antibacterial capacity and soil improvement. The carboxymethyl chitosan has good stability and degradability, and the degradation product of the carboxymethyl chitosan can be absorbed by crops as a high-quality organic fertilizer, can effectively improve the granular structure of soil and has a certain soil moisture preservation effect.
The biochemical potassium fulvate is a pure natural fermentation product, is rich in almost all substances such as amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, saccharides and various enzymes required in the growth process of plants, has a growth promoting factor with a high biological activity function, improves the absorption and operation of trace elements of the plants, has certain cold-resistant and drought-resistant effects, can promote the growth of the root systems of the plants and improve the activity of the root systems, and is beneficial to the absorption of water and nutrient elements by the plants.
The diatomite is a siliceous rock, has a special porous structure and a larger specific surface area, has strong adsorption performance and light volume weight, can play the roles of moisturizing, loosening soil and improving soil in the soil, promotes the growth effect of crops and has the role of improving the soil.
The shell powder mainly contains calcium carbonate, a small amount of amino acid, polysaccharide substances and a small amount of chitin, and also contains certain essential elements (copper, magnesium, potassium, molybdenum, phosphorus, manganese, iron and zinc) for plant growth, can provide various nutrient elements for plant growth, and has antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects.
The trichoderma can decompose organic matters such as cellulose and the like in the growth and propagation process to generate substances such as amino acid, polysaccharide and the like, can promote the growth and development of plants, can increase the resistance of the plants, effectively controls soil-borne fungal diseases, and is widely used for biological control and biological fertilizer.
The azotobacter can automatically propagate and fix free nitrogen in the air in the soil. Azotobacter carbon sources are wide and include glucose, fructose, sucrose, acetic acid, nitrate, ammonia, amino acids, fumaric acid, gluconic acid and ethanol. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria are beneficial nitrogen-fixing bacteria, fix nitrogen in the air in soil and in the rhizosphere of various plants, supply nitrogen nutrition to the plants, and can secrete hormone to stimulate the growth of the plants.
The composite bacillus comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus laterosporus, and can generate substances which are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, such as organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone and the like in the growth and propagation process. After the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus laterosporus are propagated in soil, a plurality of physiological active substances such as gibberellin, indoleacetic acid and the like can be generated, so that crops can grow healthily, the cold resistance, drought resistance, disease resistance and stress resistance of the crops are enhanced, a beneficial flora is formed at the roots of the crops, and the occurrence of soil-borne diseases is effectively inhibited.
The trichoderma, azotobacter and composite bacillus decompose organic matters such as cellulose in the growth and reproduction process, generate substances such as amino acid, polysaccharide and the like, are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, can form beneficial flora on the roots of crops, effectively inhibit soil-borne diseases and enhance the capability of resisting germs of the plants.
The mushroom residue, humus, shell powder and other components can further improve the chemical property of soil, increase the soil activity and promote plant establishment.
Preferably, the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is determined by the soil organic matter content of a rock slope, and the relationship between the soil organic matter content of the rock slope and the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is as follows;
the content of organic matter (wt%) in soil of rock slope is 0-0.75, and the using quantity (g/m) of soil improvement fibre2) 500-; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 0.75-1.5, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) Is 450-500; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 1.5-2.0, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) 400-450; when the content of organic matters (weight percent) in the soil of the rock slope is 2.0-5.0, the using amount (g/m2) of the soil improvement fiber is less than or equal to 400.
The fertilizer in the filling matrix material is a slow release fertilizer.
Further, the reinforcing rods 1 are multiple, and the multiple anchor rods 2 fix each reinforcing rod 1 on a slope surface, so that the multiple strip bags 3 are fixed on the slope surface.
Referring to fig. 4-7, in operation, the reinforcing rod 1 is a series of transverse reinforcing structures parallel to the slope surface and the ground surface, and the kangaroo-shaped elongated bags 3 and the reinforcing rod 1 are sequentially arranged from the slope surface to the outside, that is, one reinforcing rod 1 transversely supports a plurality of kangaroo-shaped elongated bags 3 on the slope surface, the anchor rod 2 is inserted in the middle of each kangaroo-shaped elongated bag 3, the long edge 22 of the anchor rod 2 is inserted into the slope surface, and the reinforcing rod 1 is hooked by the short edge 21, so that the reinforcing rod 1 is restrained and fixed on the slope surface.
Furthermore, the reinforcing rod 1 has inwardly bent reinforcing nails 11 at both ends thereof, and the reinforcing nails 11 can be inserted into the slope surface, so that the reinforcing rod 1 itself has the capability of being fixed on the slope surface.
Furthermore, the reinforcing rod 1 and the anchor rod 2 are both made of cold-rolled ribbed steel bars.
Furthermore, the fixing device also comprises a U-shaped nail 4, the U-shaped nail 4 can be nailed into the side slope surface, and the strip-shaped bag 3 is fixed on the side slope surface by utilizing a concave part in the middle of the U-shaped nail 4.
In conclusion, the invention utilizes the combination of the reinforcing rod 1 and the anchor rod 2 to fix a plurality of strip bags on the slope surface, thereby avoiding damaging the original structure of the bag body, and is also provided with the U-shaped nails 4, so that a small number of side slope strip bags, such as a single side slope strip bag, can be fixed in a direct clamping manner; the steel bar fixing device is simple to machine, good in fixing effect, capable of being obtained by directly bending the steel bars, and low in cost.
Referring to fig. 8, the invention further discloses a method for performing green restoration by using the slope green restoration device based on the kangaroo-type long bag, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing the filling matrix material according to a certain proportion;
2) filling the matrix-filling material into the elongated bag body 33 of the kangaroo-type elongated bag;
3) fixedly mounting the kangaroo type long bag on the surface of the rock slope through the fixing structure;
4) and (4) putting the cup seedlings into the planting small bags of the kangaroo type long bags to finish the rock slope greening.
Further, the green recovering method specifically comprises the following steps:
before fixing the kangaroo type long bag, slope surface treatment is carried out, and loose rocks on the surface of the side slope are cleaned by adopting a machine tool or a manual method;
the filling matrix material is specially stirred, uniformly mixed by a machine, filled into a long bag body of the kangaroo long bag and sealed by a highly uvioresistant binding belt;
longitudinally arranging the kangaroo-shaped long bags along the slope toe line, and then transversely building the kangaroo-shaped long bags;
the U-shaped steel bars are fixed on the surface of the rock slope to form reinforcing rods in the fixing structure of the kangaroo type long strip bags, the positions of the U-shaped steel bars are determined according to the rock slope, and the two ends of each U-shaped steel bar are anchored on the rock body. Determining the type of the steel bar according to the rock gradient, wherein the rock gradient is 35-40 degrees, and the screw thread phi 16 steel bar is selected; the screw thread phi 18 steel bar is selected for the rock slope of 40-50 degrees, the screw thread phi 20 steel bar is selected for the rock slope of 50-60 degrees, and the phi 22 and above steel bars are selected for the rock slope of more than 60 degrees;
the cup seedlings are filled into the planting small bags of the kangaroo type long bags, the matrix filling materials provide nutrients for rock slope greening, and the installation process is simple and convenient, and time and labor are saved.
The invention discloses a side slope re-greening device and a re-greening method based on kangaroo type long bags. The kangaroo type long bag is prepared from environment-friendly materials, is high in structural strength, good in tear resistance, capable of bearing strong soil loading pressure and good in water permeability, the breaking strength retention rate reaches over 90%, and a good supporting effect is provided for a rock slope.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the rock slope greening device disclosed by the invention has the following advantages:
1. the flexible bag body is adopted to replace the traditional hard building materials such as reinforcing steel bars, cement concrete and the like, so that the sand dune structure supporting effect is realized, and the bag body is made of a material with excellent physical properties, high strength, small deformation, hydrophilicity and breathability; good water permeability and ultraviolet resistance. The bag body material can permeate water instantly, realizes virtuous cycle of water, is beneficial to plant growth, can effectively solve water drainage, is beneficial to stable structure, and is integrated with a rock side slope to form a permanent ecological retaining wall.
2. A layer of soil containing activity is piled up on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, the problem that plants cannot root on the rock for oxygen uptake is solved, and meanwhile, the difficulty that the adhesion force of foreign soil and the rock is not strong is overcome, so that the ecological regreening of the rock slope is realized.
3. The soil, nutrient substances and plant attachment space required by the growth of the plants on the rock side slope are well provided so as to achieve the purposes of restoring the natural environment, protecting the ecological balance and beautifying the environment, the growth of the plants in the side slope greening device and the rooting of the plant root system can prevent rainfall from washing away soil and gravels, particularly on the road side slope, the driving safety and the driving comfort can be improved, and the effects of noise reduction and dust removal can be achieved.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a side slope is green device again based on rectangular bag of kangaroo type which characterized in that includes:
a kangaroo-type strip bag, a filling matrix material filled into a body of the kangaroo-type strip bag, and a fixing device for fixing the kangaroo-type strip bag;
the kangaroo-type strip bag comprises: a strip bag body, a plurality of planting small bags and tying openings,
the long-strip bag body is closed at one end, and a tying opening is formed in the other end of the long-strip bag body and used for containing soil in the long-strip bag body;
the planting small bags are sequentially arranged on the strip bag body and are provided with openings, so that planting soil or cup seedlings are filled in the planting small bags, and the directions of the openings of the planting small bags are the same;
the fill matrix material includes soil, fertilizer, and soil improving fibers, the soil improving fibers including: wood fiber, biochar, humus, mushroom residue, polysaccharide, seaweed extract, carboxymethyl chitosan, biochemical potassium fulvate, diatomite, shell powder, trichoderma, azotobacter and composite bacillus.
The fixing device comprises at least one reinforcing rod and a plurality of anchor rods;
the reinforcing rod is a long rod and is used for horizontally placing from the front side to support a plurality of kangaroo-shaped long bags for slope greening;
the stock is the L type, including minor face and long limit, wherein, the long limit inserts domatic for domatic in to utilize the minor face to catch the stiffening rod, with the stiffening rod restraint is fixed on the domatic face of limit.
2. The slope vernicity restoration device according to claim 1,
a plurality of the planting small bags are sewed on the strip bag body.
3. The apparatus for restoring green to side slopes according to claim 2,
the strip bag body and the planting small bags are made of weather-resistant non-woven materials, the bottom portions of the planting small bags can be folded and sewn when the planting small bags are sewn, and the tying openings are formed by inwards folding and sewing the edges of the strip bag body.
4. The slope vernicity restoration device according to claim 1,
the fertilizer in the filling matrix material is a slow release fertilizer;
the soil improving fiber in the filling matrix material comprises, in parts by weight,
humus: 25-30 parts by weight;
mushroom dregs: 10-15 parts by weight;
polysaccharide: 3-6 parts by weight;
refined seaweed: 1-3 parts by weight;
carboxymethyl chitosan: 1-2 parts by weight;
biochemical potassium fulvate: 1-3 parts by weight;
diatomite: 1-3 parts by weight;
shell powder: 3-5 parts by weight;
and (3) trichoderma: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
nitrogen-fixing bacteria: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
b, composite bacillus: 0.001-0.005 weight portion.
5. The apparatus for restoring green to side slopes according to claim 4,
with respect to the soil improving fiber, it is preferable that,
wherein the wood fiber is obtained by steaming and extracting wood or paper mixture at high temperature and heating at 200 deg.C, and is subjected to sterilization and recycling heat treatment;
the biochar is prepared by pyrolysis of wood, and has a high-porosity particle structure;
the humus is the main part of soil organic matters and is black amorphous organic colloid;
the mushroom dregs are prepared by crushing and fermenting mushroom production leftovers;
the polysaccharide is a polysaccharide cross-linked substance, can provide water retention capacity, and can increase the viscosity and the bonding strength of a matrix to prevent scouring;
the seaweed essence takes alginic acid as a main component, and also contains essential elements of plants, plant growth hormone (auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin), vitamins, humic acid, plant stress-resistant factors and the like;
the carboxymethyl chitosan is a water-soluble chitosan derivative and is prepared by reacting chitosan with chloroacetic acid under an alkaline condition;
the biochemical potassium fulvate is a pure natural fermentation product, is rich in almost all substances such as amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, saccharides and various enzymes required in the plant growth process, and has a growth promoting factor with a high biological activity function;
the diatomite is a siliceous rock, has a special porous structure and a larger specific surface area, and has strong adsorption performance and light volume weight;
the main component of the shell powder is calcium carbonate, and the shell powder contains a small amount of amino acid, polysaccharide substances and chitin, and also contains certain essential elements (copper, magnesium, potassium, molybdenum, phosphorus, manganese, iron and zinc) for plant growth;
the trichoderma can decompose organic matters of cellulose in the growth and propagation processes to generate substances of amino acid and polysaccharide;
the azotobacter can automatically propagate and fix free nitrogen in the air in the soil;
the composite bacillus comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus laterosporus, and can generate substances which are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, such as organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone and the like in the growth and propagation process.
6. The apparatus for restoring green to side slopes according to claim 5,
the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is determined by the soil organic matter content of a rock slope, and the relationship between the soil organic matter content of the rock slope and the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is as follows;
the content of organic matter (wt%) in soil of rock slope is 0-0.75, and the using quantity (g/m) of soil improvement fibre2) 500-; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 0.75-1.5, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) Is 450-500; when the organic matter content (weight percent) of the soil of the rock slope is 1.5-2.0, soil is improvedAmount of good fiber used (g/m)2) 400-450; when the content of organic matters (weight percent) in the soil of the rock slope is 2.0-5.0, the using amount (g/m2) of the soil improvement fiber is less than or equal to 400.
7. The slope vernicity restoration device according to claim 1,
the reinforcing rods of the reinforcing device are multiple, each reinforcing rod is fixed on the side slope surface by the multiple anchor rods, and then the multiple strip bags are fixed on the side slope surface;
the fixing device further comprises a U-shaped nail which can be nailed into the side slope surface, and the strip-shaped bag is fixed on the side slope surface by utilizing the concave part in the middle of the U-shaped nail.
8. The slope vernicity restoration device according to claim 1,
the two ends of the reinforcing rod are provided with reinforcing nails bent inwards, and the reinforcing nails are inserted into the edge slope surfaces;
the reinforcing rod and the anchor rod are both made of cold-rolled ribbed steel bars.
9. A method for performing greening by using the slope greening device based on kangaroo type long bags of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
1) preparing the filling matrix material according to a certain proportion;
2) filling the filling matrix material into a strip bag body of the kangaroo-type strip bag;
3) fixedly mounting the kangaroo type long bag on the surface of the rock slope through the fixing structure;
4) and (4) putting the cup seedlings into the planting small bags of the kangaroo type long bags to finish the rock slope greening.
10. A method of performing a regreening process as claimed in claim 9,
the green recovering method specifically comprises the following steps:
before fixing the kangaroo type long bag, slope surface treatment is carried out, and loose rocks on the surface of the side slope are cleaned by adopting a machine tool or a manual method;
mixing the filling matrix materials, uniformly mixing by using a machine, filling the mixture into a long bag body of the kangaroo type long bag, and sealing the bag body by using a highly uvioresistant binding belt;
longitudinally arranging the kangaroo-shaped long bags along the slope toe line, and then transversely building the kangaroo-shaped long bags;
fixing the U-shaped steel bars on the surface of a rock slope to form a reinforcing rod in a fixing structure of the Kangaroo type long strip bag, determining the positions of the U-shaped steel bars according to the rock slope, anchoring two ends of each U-shaped steel bar to a rock body, determining the type of the steel bars according to the rock slope, and selecting screw threads phi 16 steel bars with the rock slope of 35-40 degrees; selecting a screw thread phi 18 steel bar for the rock slope of 40-50 degrees, selecting a screw thread phi 20 steel bar for the rock slope of 50-60 degrees, and selecting phi and above steel bars for the rock slope of more than 60 degrees;
and filling the cup seedlings into the planting small bags of the kangaroo type long bags, wherein the filling matrix material provides nutrients for rock slope greening.
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