CN113600267B - Crushing device and crushing method for measuring firmness coefficient of coal - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal firmness coefficient measuring and crushing device and a crushing method. The crushing method comprises equipment assembly, coal sample setting, coal sample crushing and coal sample sampling. On one hand, the invention greatly improves the working efficiency of the coal sample crushing operation and effectively reduces the labor intensity of the crushing operation; on the other hand, the control precision of acting force during coal sample crushing operation can be effectively improved.

Description

A crushing device and crushing method for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal

Technical field

The invention relates to a crushing device and a crushing method for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal, and belongs to the technical field of coal research.

Background technique

At present, in the field of coal and coalbed methane mining research and exploration, it is often necessary to detect the solidity coefficient of coal. In order to meet this need, it is often necessary to use specific crushing equipment. Currently, a variety of coal solidity coefficient detection methods have been developed. Crushing equipment, such as the "Multiple Electromagnetic Controlled Visible Crushing Device for Coal Solidity Coefficient Determination" with patent application number "201922119259.9" and "An Experimental Device for Coal Solidity Coefficient Determination" with patent application number "201821134158.8" Although other equipment can meet the needs of coal sample solidity coefficient testing and coal sample crushing to a certain extent, the structure of the equipment is relatively complex, and the degree of automation and modularity of the operation is low. At the same time, during the crushing operation, the coal sample crushing operation is controlled. The accuracy is poor, and the adjustment range of the coal sample crushing force is small and the adjustment accuracy is low, which leads to the current crushing device's operational flexibility, poor control accuracy and low work efficiency, and can often only meet the needs of the same type of specific coal sample detection. , the flexibility and versatility of the detection operation operation are poor, and in the actual crushing operation, the continuity of the operation of the current operation equipment is relatively poor, which further affects the work efficiency.

Therefore, in response to this problem, there is an urgent need to develop a crushing device and crushing method for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal to meet the needs of actual use.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a coal solidity coefficient measuring crushing device and a crushing method thereof.

A crushing device for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal, including a load-bearing base, a crushing table, a load-bearing column, an adjusting beam, a guide sleeve, a lifting drive mechanism, a horizontal drive mechanism, a lifting drive mechanism, a crushing rod, a crushing head and a drive circuit. The load-bearing base It is a frame structure with a rectangular cross-section. Its axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The upper end surface of the bearing base is connected to the crushing table through a turntable mechanism and is coaxially distributed. There are two bearing columns, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the bearing base and with the bearing base. The axes are distributed in parallel. The adjusting beam is located directly above the load-bearing base. Its axis is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the load-bearing base. The two ends of the adjusting beam are distributed vertically with the load-bearing column and are slidingly connected to the load-bearing column through the lifting drive mechanism. The internal cross-section is rectangular and The adjustment groove is coaxially distributed with the load-bearing beam. The guide is nested in the adjustment groove. Its axis is vertically distributed and intersects with the axis of the adjustment groove. The side surface of the guide sleeve is slidingly connected to the side wall of the adjustment groove through a horizontal drive mechanism. The upper end surface and the lower The end faces exceed the upper and lower end faces of the adjusting beam by at least 10 mm respectively. The crushing rod is embedded in the guide sleeve, coaxially distributed with the guide sleeve and slidingly connected to the guide sleeve. The lower end face of the crushing rod is connected to the crushing head and distributed coaxially. The upper end surface is at least 10 cm higher than the upper end surface of the guide sleeve and is connected to the lifting drive mechanism. The lifting drive mechanism and the upper end face of the adjusting beam are slidingly connected through a horizontal drive mechanism and wrapped around the upper end face of the guide sleeve. The drive circuit is connected to the outer surface of the load-bearing column. connection, and are electrically connected to the lifting drive mechanism, horizontal drive mechanism, lifting drive mechanism and turntable mechanism respectively.

Further, the crushing table includes a load-bearing tray, a guide slide rail, a horizontal drive mechanism, a crushing barrel, a slider, a positioning fixture, and a pressure sensor. The load-bearing tray is a disk structure coaxially distributed with the load-bearing base. At least two guide slide rails evenly distributed around the axis of the load-bearing pallet are distributed on the upper end surface. The guide slide rails are parallel to the upper end face of the load-bearing pallet and distributed along the diameter direction of the load-bearing pallet. Each guide slide rail is provided with a A horizontal drive mechanism with guide slide rails distributed in parallel. The guide slide rail is also connected to a crushing barrel through a slide block. The lower end of the slide block is embedded in the guide slide rail and is slidingly connected to the guide slide rail through a horizontal drive mechanism. The upper end surface of the slider and the lower end surface of the crushing barrel are connected by a positioning clamp. The crushing barrel has a cylindrical cavity structure with an axial cross-section in the shape of a "凵" shape. The crushing barrel is wrapped outside the crushing head and is connected to the side surface of the crushing head. Sliding connection, and the distance between the crushing head and the bottom of the crushing barrel is from 0 to at least 1.3 times the height of the crushing barrel. At least one of the pressure sensors is embedded in the upper end surface of the slider and offsets the bottom of the crushing barrel. The positioning fixture and pressure sensor All are electrically connected to the drive circuit.

Further, the crushing barrel includes a barrel body, a load cell, a load-bearing storage tank, and an oscillation mechanism. The barrel body and the load-bearing storage tank are both cylindrical cavity structures with an axial cross-section in the shape of a "凵" shape, and the barrel The height of the body is at least 3 times the height of the load-bearing storage tank. The load-bearing storage tank is embedded in the barrel, coaxially distributed with the barrel and slidingly connected to the inner side of the barrel, and between the lower end surface of the load-bearing storage tank and the bottom of the barrel. Connected by a load cell, the inner diameter of the load-bearing storage tank is 0-20 mm larger than the outer diameter of the crushing head. There are 2-4 oscillating mechanisms, evenly distributed on the outer surface of the barrel around the axis of the barrel, and located in the load-bearing storage tank. At a position 5-20 mm above, the load cell and the oscillation mechanism are electrically connected to the drive circuit.

Further, the crushing rod includes a guide rod, a damping plate, and an adjustment spring, wherein the guide rod has an "I"-shaped groove structure in cross section, and the damping plate has at least two grooves embedded in both sides of the guide rod. inside the body, and is connected to the bottom of the guide rod tank through an adjusting spring, and the damping plate and the bottom of the guide rod tank are at an included angle of 0°-60°. The guide rod passes through the tank and the damping plate in the tank and the lifting drive mechanism connect.

Further, the lifting driving mechanism includes a positioning bracket, a driving motor, a driving wheel, a meter counter, a guide wheel and a transmission mechanism, wherein the positioning bracket and the guide sleeve are coaxially distributed and form a "冂"-shaped frame. structure, covering the upper end surface of the guide sleeve, and its lower end surface is slidingly connected to the upper end surface of the adjusting beam through a horizontal driving mechanism. The driving motor, transmission mechanism and meter counter are all embedded in the positioning bracket, and the driving motor passes through The transmission mechanism is connected to the driving wheels. There are two driving wheels, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the crushing bar. Their wheel surfaces are embedded in the grooves on both sides of the crushing bar and offset the damping plates of the crushing bar. The driving wheels rotate in the driving direction. Distributed parallel to the axis of the crushing bar, the meter counter is connected to the guide wheel through a transmission shaft, and the guide wheel is offset and slidingly connected to the outer surface of the crushing bar.

Further, the driving wheel is any one of an eccentric wheel, a ratchet wheel, a balance wheel and a cam.

Furthermore, the drive circuit is a circuit system based on an industrial microcontroller, and the drive circuit is additionally provided with at least one serial communication circuit, a regulated power supply circuit and a power terminal.

Further, the lifting drive mechanism and the horizontal drive mechanism are any one of a screw mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, an electric telescopic rod, a hydraulic telescopic rod, and a pneumatic telescopic rod.

A crushing method of a crushing device for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal, including the following steps:

S1, equipment assembly, firstly set the impact force during crushing operation based on the number of coal samples to be tested, the weight of each coal sample and the type of coal sample, and set the crushing head quality and improvement according to the impact force. The height and length of the crushing rod and the lifting drive stroke during crushing operation, then set the structure and quantity of the crushing barrels of the crushing table, set the crushing rod and crushing head, and finally set the load-bearing base, crushing table, load-bearing columns, adjusting beams, Assemble the guide sleeve, lifting drive mechanism, horizontal drive mechanism, lifting drive mechanism, crushing rod, crushing head and drive circuit, adjust the distance between the beam and the crushing table, adjust the guide sleeve and the lifting drive mechanism connected to the guide sleeve, The position of the crushing rod, and finally the assembled equipment is installed and positioned to the designated working position through the bearing base, and the drive circuit is electrically connected to the external power supply circuit and detection control system and a data connection is established;

S2, coal sample setting. After completing step S1, load the coal sample into the load-bearing storage tank of each crushing barrel of the crushing table, fill and position the load-bearing storage tank carrying the coal sample in the barrel, and then crush the Once the bucket is installed on the load-bearing pallet, the coal sample setting can be completed, and the working sequence of the crushing operations can be compiled for each crushing bucket installed on the load-bearing pallet;

S3, coal sample crushing. After completing the S2 step, first, through the cooperation of the guide rail, horizontal drive mechanism and slide block of the crushing table, one of the crushing barrels carrying the coal sample is transferred to the center of the carrying tray and connected with the carrying tray. Coaxial distribution, and then adjust the position of the guide sleeve connecting the crushing rod and the crushing head through the horizontal driving mechanism, so that the crushing rod and the crushing head are coaxially distributed on the load-bearing tray; then adjust the crushing head through the lifting driving mechanism and the lifting driving mechanism, and the crushing head will be The head is placed in the crushing barrel and the crushing head is offset against the coal sample in the crushing barrel. Finally, according to the impact force and lifting height set during the crushing operation in step S1, the lifting drive mechanism is driven to operate, so that the lifting drive mechanism drives the crushing rod. Perform up and down reciprocating motion to achieve the purpose of crushing coal samples;

S4, coal sample sampling, after completing the crushing operation of the coal sample in the current crushing barrel, drive the current crushing barrel to the edge position of the load-bearing pallet, extract the crushed coal sample in the crushing barrel, and place the crushed coal sample in the crushing barrel after the extraction operation. Return to step S2 again to set the coal sample and install it on the load-bearing base; at the same time, after transferring the crushing bucket that has completed the crushing operation from the center of the load-bearing pallet, follow the sequence compiled in step S2 to load another crushing bucket with coal sample. Carry out the crushing operation according to step S3 to achieve continuous crushing and sampling of coal samples.

Further, in the described step S3, when the lifting drive mechanism drives the crushing bar to reciprocate up and down, the lifting drive mechanism provides driving force when the crushing bar goes up. When the crushing bar goes down, gravity acceleration is used to realize the free fall movement of the crushing head. The impact force of the crushing rod and crushing head when they fall crush the coal sample.

The equipment of the invention has a simple structure, is flexible and convenient to use, has good versatility, a high degree of operation automation and crushing control accuracy, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the coal sample crushing operation and effectively reducing the labor intensity of the crushing operation; On the one hand, it can effectively improve the control accuracy of the force during coal sample crushing operations, and the operation control is highly integrated and modular, so as to flexibly meet the needs of various coal sample crushing operations, and can also realize multiple coal samples at the same time. The need for crushing operations.

Description of the drawings

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the load-bearing pallet from above;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the breaking rod;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the lifting drive mechanism;

Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.

Implementation

In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to construct, the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

As shown in Figure 1-4, a crushing device for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal includes a bearing base 1, a crushing table 2, a bearing column 3, an adjusting beam 4, a guide sleeve 5, a lifting drive mechanism 6, a horizontal drive mechanism 7, Lifting drive mechanism 8, crushing rod 9, crushing head 10 and drive circuit 11. The load-bearing base 1 is a frame structure with a rectangular cross-section. Its axis is vertically distributed with the horizontal plane and the upper end of the load-bearing base 1 is connected to the crushing table 2 through the turntable mechanism 12. And coaxially distributed, there are two load-bearing columns 3, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the load-bearing base 1 and parallel to the axis of the load-bearing base 1, the adjustment beam 4 is located directly above the load-bearing base 1, and its axis is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the load-bearing base 1 , both ends of the adjusting beam 4 are vertically distributed with the load-bearing column 3 and are slidingly connected to the load-bearing column 3 through the lifting drive mechanism 6. There is an adjustment groove 13 with a rectangular cross-section and coaxially distributed with the load-bearing beam 4. The guide sleeve 5 is embedded in In the adjustment slot, its axis is vertically distributed and intersects with the axis of the adjustment slot 13, and the side surface of the guide sleeve 5 is slidingly connected to the side wall of the adjustment slot 13 through the horizontal driving mechanism 7. The upper end surface and the lower end surface respectively exceed the upper end surface and lower end surface of the adjustment beam 4. The end face is at least 10 mm. The crushing rod 9 is embedded in the guide sleeve 5, coaxially distributed with the guide sleeve 5 and slidingly connected to the guide sleeve 5. The lower end face of the crushing rod 9 is connected to the crushing head 10 and coaxially distributed. The upper end face of the crushing rod 9 It is at least 10 cm higher than the upper end surface of the guide sleeve 5 and is connected to the lifting drive mechanism 8. The lifting drive mechanism 8 and the upper end face of the adjusting beam 4 are slidingly connected through the horizontal drive mechanism 7 and wrapped outside the upper end face of the guide sleeve 5. The drive circuit 11 It is connected to the outer surface of the load-bearing column 3, and is electrically connected to the lifting driving mechanism 6, the horizontal driving mechanism 7, the lifting driving mechanism 8 and the turntable mechanism 12 respectively.

It is worth noting that the crushing table 2 includes a load-bearing tray 21, a guide rail 22, a horizontal driving mechanism 7, a crushing barrel 23, a slider 24, a positioning fixture 25, and a pressure sensor 26, where the load-bearing tray 21 is the same as the load-bearing machine. The base 1 is a coaxially distributed disk structure, with at least two guide rails 22 evenly distributed around the axis of the load-bearing tray 21 distributed on its upper end. The guide rails 22 are distributed parallel to the upper end of the load-bearing tray 21 and along the upper end of the load-bearing tray. 21 diameter direction, and each guide slide rail 22 is provided with a horizontal driving mechanism 7 distributed parallel to the guide slide rail 22. The guide slide rail 22 is also connected to a crushing barrel 23 through a slide block 24. The lower end of the block 24 is embedded in the guide slide rail 22 and is slidingly connected to the guide slide rail 22 through the horizontal driving mechanism 7. The upper end surface of the slide block 24 and the lower end surface of the crushing barrel 23 are connected through a positioning clamp 25. The crushing barrel 23 is The axial cross-section is a "凵"-shaped cylindrical cavity structure. The crushing barrel 23 is wrapped around the crushing head 10 and is slidingly connected to the side surface of the crushing head 10. The distance between the crushing head 10 and the bottom of the crushing barrel 23 is 0 to At least 1.3 times the height of the crushing barrel 23, at least one of the pressure sensors 26 is embedded in the upper end surface of the slider 24 and offsets the bottom of the crushing barrel 23. The positioning fixture 25 and the pressure sensor 26 are both electrically connected to the drive circuit 11.

It should be noted that the crushing barrel 23 includes a barrel 231, a load cell 232, a load-bearing storage tank 233, and an oscillation mechanism 234. Both the barrel 231 and the load-bearing storage tank 233 have an axial cross-section in the shape of "凵". It has a font-shaped cylindrical cavity structure, and the height of the barrel 231 is at least 3 times the height of the load-bearing storage tank 232. The load-bearing storage tank 232 is embedded in the barrel, coaxially distributed with the barrel 231 and sliding with the inner side of the barrel 231. connection, and the lower end surface of the load-bearing storage tank 233 and the bottom of the barrel 231 are connected through a weighing sensor 232. The inner diameter of the load-bearing storage tank 233 is 0-20 mm larger than the outer diameter of the crushing head 10. The oscillation mechanism 234 has a total of 2 - 4, evenly distributed on the outer surface of the barrel 231 around the axis of the barrel 231, and located at a position 5-20 mm above the load-bearing storage tank 233. The load sensor 232 and the oscillation mechanism 234 are both electrically connected to the drive circuit 11 .

In this embodiment, the crushing rod 9 includes a guide rod 91, a damping plate 92, and an adjusting spring 93. The guide rod 91 has an "I"-shaped groove structure in cross section, and the damping plate 92 has at least two strips. It is embedded in the trough on both sides of the guide rod 91 and is connected to the bottom of the trough of the guide rod 91 through the adjusting spring 93, and the damping plate 92 and the bottom of the trough of the guide rod 91 form an included angle of 0°-60°. 91 is connected to the lifting drive mechanism 8 through the tank body and the damping plate 92 in the tank body.

It is important to note that the lifting drive mechanism 8 includes a positioning bracket 81, a driving motor 82, a driving wheel 83, a meter counter 84, a guide wheel 85 and a transmission mechanism 86, wherein the positioning bracket 81 is the same as the guide sleeve 5. The shafts are distributed in a "冂"-shaped frame structure, covering the upper end surface of the guide sleeve 5, and its lower end surface is slidingly connected to the upper end surface of the adjusting beam 4 through the horizontal drive mechanism 7. The drive motor 82, transmission mechanism 86 and The meter counters 84 are all embedded in the positioning bracket 81, and the driving motor 82 is connected to the driving wheel 83 through the transmission mechanism 86. There are two driving wheels 83, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the crushing bar 9, and their wheel surfaces are embedded in the The grooves on both sides of the crushing bar 9 offset the damping plates 91 of the crushing bar 9, and the driving wheel 83 rotates in a direction parallel to the axis of the crushing bar 9. The meter counter 84 is connected to the guide wheel 85 through a transmission shaft, and The guide wheel 85 is against and slidingly connected with the outer surface of the crushing rod 9 .

For further optimization, the driving wheel 83 is any one of an eccentric wheel, a ratchet wheel, a balance wheel and a cam.

In this embodiment, the drive circuit 11 is a circuit system based on an industrial microcontroller, and the drive circuit is additionally provided with at least one serial communication circuit, a regulated power supply circuit and a power terminal.

In addition, the lifting drive mechanism 6 and the horizontal drive mechanism 7 are any one of a screw mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, an electric telescopic rod, a hydraulic telescopic rod, and a pneumatic telescopic rod.

As shown in Figure 5, a crushing method of a coal solidity coefficient determination crushing device includes the following steps:

S1, equipment assembly, firstly set the impact force during crushing operation based on the number of coal samples to be tested, the weight of each coal sample and the type of coal sample, and set the crushing head quality and improvement according to the impact force. The height and length of the crushing rod and the lifting drive stroke during crushing operation, then set the structure and quantity of the crushing barrels of the crushing table, set the crushing rod and crushing head, and finally set the load-bearing base, crushing table, load-bearing columns, adjusting beams, Assemble the guide sleeve, lifting drive mechanism, horizontal drive mechanism, lifting drive mechanism, crushing rod, crushing head and drive circuit, adjust the distance between the beam and the crushing table, adjust the guide sleeve and the lifting drive mechanism connected to the guide sleeve, The position of the crushing rod, and finally the assembled equipment is installed and positioned to the designated working position through the bearing base, and the drive circuit is electrically connected to the external power supply circuit and detection control system and a data connection is established;

S2, coal sample setting. After completing step S1, load the coal sample into the load-bearing storage tank of each crushing barrel of the crushing table, fill and position the load-bearing storage tank carrying the coal sample in the barrel, and then crush the Once the bucket is installed on the load-bearing pallet, the coal sample setting can be completed, and the working sequence of the crushing operations can be compiled for each crushing bucket installed on the load-bearing pallet;

S3, coal sample crushing. After completing the S2 step, first, through the cooperation of the guide rail, horizontal drive mechanism and slide block of the crushing table, one of the crushing barrels carrying the coal sample is transferred to the center of the carrying tray and connected with the carrying tray. Coaxial distribution, and then adjust the position of the guide sleeve connecting the crushing rod and the crushing head through the horizontal driving mechanism, so that the crushing rod and the crushing head are coaxially distributed on the load-bearing tray; then adjust the crushing head through the lifting driving mechanism and the lifting driving mechanism, and the crushing head will be The head is placed in the crushing barrel and the crushing head is offset against the coal sample in the crushing barrel. Finally, according to the impact force and lifting height set during the crushing operation in step S1, the lifting drive mechanism is driven to operate, so that the lifting drive mechanism drives the crushing rod. Perform up and down reciprocating motion to achieve the purpose of crushing coal samples;

S4, coal sample sampling, after completing the crushing operation of the coal sample in the current crushing barrel, drive the current crushing barrel to the edge position of the load-bearing pallet, extract the crushed coal sample in the crushing barrel, and place the crushed coal sample in the crushing barrel after the extraction operation. Return to step S2 again to set the coal sample and install it on the load-bearing base; at the same time, after transferring the crushing bucket that has completed the crushing operation from the center of the load-bearing pallet, follow the sequence compiled in step S2 to load another crushing bucket with coal sample. Carry out the crushing operation according to step S3 to achieve continuous crushing and sampling of coal samples.

In this embodiment, in the S3 step, when the lifting drive mechanism drives the crushing bar to reciprocate up and down, the lifting drive mechanism provides driving force when the crushing bar goes up, and gravity acceleration is used when the crushing bar goes down to realize the free fall of the crushing head. Movement, the coal sample is crushed through the impact force of the crushing rod and crushing head when they fall.

When the crushing bar moves upward, the driving motor provides driving force for the driving wheel, and the eccentric part of the driving wheel contacts the damping plate of the crushing bar, and exerts a squeezing force on the damping plate, thereby increasing the friction between the driving wheel and the damping plate. friction, so that the breaker bar rotates and drives upward with the driving wheel under the action of friction. When the breaker bar rises to the set highest position, the non-eccentric position of the drive wheel corresponds to the position of the breaker bar, realizing the connection between the drive wheel and the breaker bar. The damping plate separates, and after the friction disappears, the crushing rod and its connected crushing head move freely, and the impact force is used to crush the coal sample.

During the crushing process, on the one hand, the weight of the coal sample and the force of the crushing operation are measured through the pressure sensor; on the other hand, the driving force generated when the guide wheel moves along with the crushing rod drives the meter counter to operate. The rising stroke of the crushing rod is accurately measured, thereby effectively improving the control accuracy of the crushing operation.

The equipment of the invention has a simple structure, is flexible and convenient to use, has good versatility, a high degree of operation automation and crushing control accuracy, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the coal sample crushing operation and effectively reducing the labor intensity of the crushing operation; On the one hand, it can effectively improve the control accuracy of the force during coal sample crushing operations, and the operation control is highly integrated and modular, so as to flexibly meet the needs of various coal sample crushing operations, and can also realize multiple coal samples at the same time. The need for crushing operations.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have other aspects. Various changes and modifications are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A crushing device for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal, characterized in that: the crushing device for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal includes a bearing base, a crushing table, a bearing column, an adjusting beam, a guide sleeve, a lifting drive mechanism, and a horizontal drive mechanism, lifting drive mechanism, crushing rod, crushing head and drive circuit. The load-bearing base is a frame structure with a rectangular cross-section. Its axis is vertically distributed with the horizontal plane and the upper end surface of the load-bearing base is connected to the crushing table through a turntable mechanism and is coaxially distributed. , there are two load-bearing columns, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the load-bearing base and parallel to the axis of the load-bearing base. The adjustment beam is located directly above the load-bearing base, and its axis is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the load-bearing base. The two adjustment beams The end is vertically distributed with the load-bearing column and is slidingly connected to the load-bearing column through a lifting drive mechanism. It is equipped with an adjustment groove with a rectangular cross-section and coaxial distribution with the load-bearing beam. The guide is nested in the adjustment groove, and its axis is in the adjustment groove. The axes are vertically distributed and intersect, and the side surface of the guide sleeve is slidingly connected to the side wall of the adjustment groove through a horizontal driving mechanism. The upper and lower end surfaces exceed the upper and lower end surfaces of the adjusting beam by at least 10 mm respectively. The breaking rod is embedded in the guide. In the sleeve, it is coaxially distributed with the guide sleeve and slidingly connected with the guide sleeve, and the lower end surface of the crushing rod is connected with the crushing head and coaxially distributed. The upper end surface of the crushing rod is at least 10 cm higher than the upper end surface of the guide sleeve and is connected with the lifting The driving mechanism is connected. The lifting driving mechanism and the upper end surface of the adjusting beam are slidingly connected through a horizontal driving mechanism and wrapped outside the upper end surface of the guide sleeve. The driving circuit is connected to the outer surface of the load-bearing column and is respectively connected with the lifting driving mechanism and the horizontal driving mechanism. The driving mechanism, the lifting driving mechanism and the turntable mechanism are electrically connected; the crushing table includes a load-bearing tray, a guide slide rail, a horizontal drive mechanism, a crushing barrel, a slide block, a positioning fixture, and a pressure sensor, wherein the load-bearing tray is connected to the load-bearing base The coaxially distributed disc structure has at least two guide slide rails evenly distributed around the axis of the load-bearing pallet on its upper end surface. The guide slide rails are distributed parallel to the upper end face of the load-bearing pallet and are distributed along the diameter direction of the load-bearing pallet, and each Each guide slide rail is equipped with a horizontal drive mechanism distributed parallel to the guide slide rail. The guide slide rail is also connected to a crushing barrel through a slide block. The lower end of the slide block is embedded in the guide slide rail and passes through the horizontal drive mechanism. It is slidingly connected to the guide slide rail. The upper end surface of the slide block is connected to the lower end surface of the crushing barrel through a positioning clamp. The crushing barrel has a cylindrical cavity structure with an axial cross-section in the shape of a "凵" shape. The crushing barrel is covered with a crushing material. outside the head, and is slidingly connected to the side surface of the crushing head, and the distance between the crushing head and the bottom of the crushing barrel is 0 to 1.3 times the height of the crushing barrel. At least one of the pressure sensors is embedded in the upper end surface of the slider and offsets the bottom of the crushing barrel. , the positioning fixture and the pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the drive circuit; the crushing rod includes a guide rod, a damping plate, and an adjusting spring, wherein the guide rod has an "I"-shaped groove structure in cross section, and the damping At least two plates are embedded in the troughs on both sides of the guide rod, and are connected to the bottom of the guide rod trough through adjusting springs, and the damping plate and the bottom of the guide rod trough form an included angle of 0°-60°, and the guide rod passes through The tank body and the damping plate in the tank body are connected with the lifting driving mechanism; the lifting driving mechanism includes a positioning bracket, a driving motor, a driving wheel, a meter counter, a guide wheel and a transmission mechanism, wherein the positioning bracket and the guide sleeve The coaxially distributed and "冂"-shaped frame structure is wrapped around the upper end surface of the guide sleeve, and its lower end surface is slidingly connected to the upper end surface of the adjusting beam through a horizontal driving mechanism. The driving motor, transmission mechanism and meter counter are all It is embedded in the positioning bracket, and the driving motor is connected to the driving wheel through the transmission mechanism. There are two driving wheels, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the crushing bar. Their wheel surfaces are embedded in the grooves on both sides of the crushing bar and are connected with the crushing bar. The damping plates are offset, and the rotational driving direction of the driving wheel is parallel to the axis of the crushing bar. The meter counter is connected to the guide wheel through the transmission shaft, and the guide wheel is against and slidingly connected to the outer surface of the crushing bar. 2. A crushing device for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing barrel includes a barrel body, a load cell, a load-bearing storage tank, and an oscillating mechanism, and the barrel body and The load-bearing storage troughs are all cylindrical cavity structures with a "凵" shape in the axial cross-section, and the height of the barrel is at least 3 times the height of the load-bearing storage trough. The load-bearing storage trough is embedded in the barrel and is coaxial with the barrel. Distributed and slidingly connected to the inner side of the barrel, and the lower end surface of the load-bearing storage tank and the bottom of the barrel are connected through a weighing sensor. The inner diameter of the load-bearing storage tank is 0-20 mm larger than the outer diameter of the crushing head. The oscillation mechanism 2 - 4, evenly distributed on the outer surface of the barrel around the axis of the barrel, and located at a position 5-20 mm above the load-bearing storage tank. The load cells and the oscillation mechanism are both electrically connected to the drive circuit. 3. A crushing device for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving wheel is any one of an eccentric wheel, a ratchet wheel, a balance wheel and a cam. 4. A crushing device for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drive circuit is a circuit system based on an industrial single-chip microcomputer, and the drive circuit is additionally provided with at least one serial communication circuit. Stabilized power supply circuit and power terminals. 5. A crushing device for measuring the solidity coefficient of coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting drive mechanism and the horizontal drive mechanism are screw mechanisms, rack and pinion mechanisms, electric telescopic rods, and hydraulic telescopic rods. Any of rods and pneumatic telescopic rods. 6. The crushing method of a coal solidity coefficient measuring crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing method of the coal solidity coefficient measuring crushing device includes the following steps: S1, equipment assembly, firstly set the impact force during crushing operation based on the number of coal samples to be tested, the weight of each coal sample and the type of coal sample, and set the crushing head quality and improvement according to the impact force. The height and length of the crushing rod and the lifting drive stroke during crushing operation, then set the structure and quantity of the crushing barrels of the crushing table, set the crushing rod and crushing head, and finally set the load-bearing base, crushing table, load-bearing columns, adjusting beams, Assemble the guide sleeve, lifting drive mechanism, horizontal drive mechanism, lifting drive mechanism, crushing rod, crushing head and drive circuit, adjust the distance between the beam and the crushing table, adjust the guide sleeve and the lifting drive mechanism connected to the guide sleeve, The position of the crushing rod, and finally the assembled equipment is installed and positioned to the designated working position through the bearing base, and the drive circuit is electrically connected to the external power supply circuit and detection control system and a data connection is established; S2, coal sample setting. After completing step S1, load the coal sample into the load-bearing storage tank of each crushing barrel of the crushing table, fill and position the load-bearing storage tank carrying the coal sample in the barrel, and then crush the Once the bucket is installed on the load-bearing pallet, the coal sample setting can be completed, and the working sequence of the crushing operations can be compiled for each crushing bucket installed on the load-bearing pallet; S3, coal sample crushing. After completing the S2 step, first, through the cooperation of the guide rail, horizontal drive mechanism and slide block of the crushing table, one of the crushing barrels carrying the coal sample is transferred to the center of the carrying tray and connected with the carrying tray. Coaxial distribution, and then adjust the position of the guide sleeve connecting the crushing rod and the crushing head through the horizontal driving mechanism, so that the crushing rod and the crushing head are coaxially distributed on the load-bearing tray; then adjust the crushing head through the lifting driving mechanism and the lifting driving mechanism, and the crushing head will be The head is placed in the crushing barrel and the crushing head is offset against the coal sample in the crushing barrel. Finally, according to the impact force and lifting height set during the crushing operation in step S1, the lifting drive mechanism is driven to operate, so that the lifting drive mechanism drives the crushing rod. Perform up and down reciprocating motion to achieve the purpose of crushing coal samples; S4, coal sample sampling, after completing the crushing operation of the coal sample in the current crushing barrel, drive the current crushing barrel to the edge position of the load-bearing pallet, extract the crushed coal sample in the crushing barrel, and place the crushed coal sample in the crushing barrel after the extraction operation. Return to step S2 again to set the coal sample and install it on the load-bearing base; at the same time, after transferring the crushing bucket that has completed the crushing operation from the center of the load-bearing pallet, follow the sequence compiled in step S2 to load another crushing bucket with coal sample. Carry out the crushing operation according to step S3 to achieve continuous crushing and sampling of coal samples. 7. The crushing method of a coal solidity coefficient measuring crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step S3, when the lifting drive mechanism drives the crushing bar to reciprocate up and down, when the crushing bar moves up The driving force is provided by the lifting drive mechanism. When the crushing rod goes down, gravity acceleration is used to realize the free fall movement of the crushing head. The coal sample is crushed through the impact force of the crushing rod and the crushing head when they fall.