Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for removing iron-containing dust and recovering iron powder in a gas-based iron-making production line.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: gas-based ironmaking production line iron-containing dust removes dust and iron powder recovery system, includes:
the dust collection covers are arranged above the finished product transfer line and above the finished product discharging bin;
the dust hood is connected with the dust removal tower through an air duct;
a spraying cooling and iron powder recovery device is arranged in front of the dust removal tower;
an airflow uniform distributor, a rotational flow plate demister and a plate demister are sequentially arranged in the dust removing tower from bottom to top;
the outlet at the bottom of the dedusting tower is in a conical hopper shape, and is connected with a settler through a first liquid seal pipe;
an outlet at the top of the dust removal tower is connected with a wet electric dust remover through a pipeline;
the lower part of the spray cooling and iron powder recovery device is communicated with the first liquid seal pipe through a second liquid seal pipe;
a tail iron powder recovery hopper is arranged at an outlet at the lower part of the wet electric dust collector, and the lower part of the tail iron powder recovery hopper is communicated with the first liquid seal pipe through a third liquid seal pipe;
the lower outlet of the wet electric dust collector is connected with an induced draft fan through a pipeline;
an overflow pipe is arranged at the upper part of the settler and is inserted into the upper clear water buffer tank;
and the bottom of the settler and the bottom of the supernatant buffer tank are connected into a collecting pipe through pipelines.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the collecting pipe is connected with the filter; the lower part of the filter is provided with a filtrate cofferdam, the lower part of the filtrate cofferdam is provided with a filtrate box, and the filtrate box is communicated with the settler through a filtrate pump.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the spray cooling and iron powder recovery device is connected with a cooler; the lower part of the cooler is connected with the upper clear water buffer tank through a spray water pump; the suction inlet of the spray water pump is provided with a pipeline filter.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the inner spray pipes of the spray cooling and iron powder recovery device are arranged in a single row or multiple rows, and the spray pipes are provided with nozzles or provided with holes; the direction of the nozzle or the hole is in the same direction as the direction of the smoke, and an anti-abrasion angle steel is welded on the windward side of the spray pipe contacted with the smoke.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a water supplementing pipeline is arranged at the upper part of the upper clear water buffer tank.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the first liquid seal pipe is inserted below the liquid level of the settler, a flow baffle is arranged at the outlet of the first liquid seal pipe, and the angle between the flow baffle and the horizontal line is 0-60 degrees; a300-500 mm gap is reserved between the flow baffle and the inner wall of the settler.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the hopper at the bottom of the settler is arranged to be conical, and the inclination angle is 50-70 degrees; the bottom of the upper clear water buffer tank is arranged to be conical, and the inclination angle is 50-70 degrees.
The method for removing iron-containing dust and recovering iron powder in a gas-based ironmaking production line comprises the following steps:
s1: cooling water is sprayed for cooling in a spraying and cooling and iron powder recovery device (20) for the dust-containing flue gas collected by the dust hood, and iron powder and dust are captured for the first time;
s2: the cooled smoke dust is subjected to secondary capture of iron powder and dust in a dust removal tower; then, demisting and dripping the smoke containing water drops by a plate-type demister;
s3: the treated flue gas contains finer iron powder and dust which are not captured, and is captured by a wet electric dust collector, and the cleaned flue gas is discharged to a chimney through a draught fan;
s4: and (3) carrying out secondary sedimentation on the spray water containing the iron powder and the dust captured by the spray cooling and iron powder recovery device, the dedusting tower and the wet electric precipitator through a settler and a supernatant buffer tank, and carrying out deep filtration through a filter to recover the finished iron powder to a warehouse.
And the filtrate containing fine iron powder and dust filtered by the filter is conveyed to a settler by a filtrate pump for settlement.
And after the water overflowing from the settler is settled again by the supernatant buffer tank, the water is pumped to the spray pipe by the spray water pump.
The invention adopts wet dust removal, and the dust collected by the dust collection cover is subjected to cooling water spraying and cooling in the first step, so that the oxidation reaction temperature of the finished product sponge iron powder is rapidly reduced, and the oxidation rate of the finished product sponge iron powder and oxygen in the air is reduced; and then introducing into a dust removal tower for further dust removal and demisting, and finally collecting dust through a wet electric precipitator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that: (1) the invention adopts wet dust removal, can quickly reduce the temperature of the product, and simultaneously isolates the iron particles from air through spraying water, and the temperature of the iron particles is gradually reduced to normal temperature in the isolation process, thereby improving the recovery rate of the product; (2) the recovery rate of finished products is improved by adopting a multi-point recovery, secondary sedimentation and deep filtration mode; (3) in the secondary sedimentation process of the washing water, iron particles and dust in the washing water are gradually reduced and then are recycled, so that the purposes of saving energy and water are achieved; (4) the invention has simple process, less power equipment and simple and easy manufacture of structural parts, reduces the equipment maintenance cost and reduces the energy consumption.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Gas-based ironmaking production line iron content dust removal and iron powder recovery system, it sets up dust cage 1 to transfer line top and finished product discharging warehouse top at the finished product, draught fan 9 through the postposition provides power and is used for collecting elegant dust, the dirty gas stream is at first tentatively sprayed the cooling through wind channel 2, tentatively retrieve the most finished product iron powder under the washing simultaneously, then get into gas wash tower 3, the dirty flue gas that gets into gas wash tower 3 passes through air current uniform distributor 4 in proper order, whirl board defroster 5, equipment such as board defroster 6 removes dust and defoggs after, get into wet-type electrostatic precipitator 7 and further high-efficient dust removal, the flue gas after the cleaning is discharged to the chimney through draught fan 9.
Set up before gas wash tower 3 and spray cooling and iron powder recovery unit 20 for reduce the flue gas temperature, avoid arousing the harm of tower internals because of the high temperature in the production process, the while is the most finished product iron powder under the preliminary recovery washing.
The spraying cooling and iron powder recovery device 20 enables the dust-containing water which is preliminarily sprayed to enter a second liquid seal pipe 21 through a lower cone, and the dust-containing water is connected with a first liquid seal pipe 12 at the bottom of the dust removal tower 3 and then enters a settler 13.
The tail iron powder recovery cone hopper 10 arranged on the wet electric dust collector 7 is used for collecting dust-containing washing water generated when the wet electric dust collector 7 washes, is connected with the first liquid seal pipe 12 at the bottom of the dust removal tower 3 through the third liquid seal pipe 11, and accordingly enters the settler 13.
The supernatant water from the settler 13 enters the supernatant water buffer tank 16, and is settled again, wherein iron powder is deposited at the bottom of the supernatant water buffer tank 16, and then enters the collecting pipe 22.
The iron powder and the iron powder from the bottom of the settler 13 enter a filter 23 through a collecting pipe 22 to be filtered, the filtered finished iron powder enters a finished product warehouse, the filtrate enters a filtrate box 25 after being collected through a filtrate cofferdam 24, and then is sent to a first liquid seal pipe 12 at the bottom of the dedusting tower 3 in a circulating mode through a filtrate water pump 26.
The iron-containing powder washing water collected by the dust removing tower 3, the spray cooling and iron powder recovery device 20 and the tail iron powder recovery conical hopper 10 enters a settler 13 from a first liquid seal pipe 12, after slow settlement, the supernatant water enters a supernatant water buffer tank 16 through an overflow pipe 15 for secondary settlement, and then is cooled by a cooler 19 through a spray water pump 18 and then is sent to each spray pipe.
The ferrous powder-containing water in the cone buckets at the bottoms of the settler 13 and the supernatant buffer tank 16 enters a filter 23 through a collecting pipe 22 for filtering, the filtered finished iron powder enters a finished product warehouse, the filtrate enters a filtrate tank 25 after being collected through a filtrate cofferdam, and then is sent to the first liquid seal pipe 12 through a filtrate tank pump 26 for circulating sedimentation again.
The filtrate pump 26 and the flushing pump 18 adopt wear-resistant slurry pumps, more than one pump is adopted, and the inlet pipelines in front of the pumps are all provided with pipeline filters, so that the maintenance and the replacement are convenient.
The iron powder sedimentation condition in the settler 13 and the supernatant buffer tank 16 can be observed through a liquid level glass sight glass 14 arranged on the settler 13, and the liquid level glass sight glass 14 extends to the front of the large end of the cone end of the tank body, so that the operation and the use are convenient.
The dust removal tower 3, the primary spraying cooling and iron powder recovery device 20 and the liquid seal pipe joints below the tail iron powder recovery conical hopper 10 are all inserted into the sedimentation tank for at least 1m so as to prevent the smoke from channeling with each other.
The supernatant buffer tank 16 is used for receiving the supernatant from the precipitator 13, and the supernatant is sent to the spraying system through the spray water pump 18 after being precipitated, and is used for spraying, cooling, daily operation maintenance and washing of the spiral-flow plate demister 5 and the plate demister 6 of the spray cooling and iron powder recovery device 20 and daily operation maintenance and washing of the wet-type electric precipitator 7.
And a pipeline cooler 19 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the spray water pump 18 and used for cooling the temperature of spray water and improving the spraying and demisting effects.
The dust hood 1, the air duct 2 and accessories thereof, the wet electric dust collector 7, the draught fan 9, the dust meter 8 and the pressure, temperature and other instruments form a smoke and air system.
The finished product iron powder recovery system comprises a settler 13, a liquid level glass sight glass 14, a primary spray cooling and iron powder recovery device 20, a second liquid seal pipe 21, a tail iron powder recovery cone hopper 10, a third liquid seal pipe 11, a collecting pipe 22, a filter 23 and auxiliary equipment thereof, a filtrate cofferdam 24, a filtrate tank 25, a filtrate tank pump 26 and a pipeline filter which are arranged on the settler 13.
The spraying cooling and iron powder recovery device 20, the supernatant buffer tank 16, the liquid level glass sight glass 14, the make-up water pipeline 17, the pipeline accessories such as valves and the like which are arranged on the supernatant buffer tank 16, the spraying water pump 18, the pipeline cooler 19, the pipeline thereof, the valves and other pipeline accessories and the like form a spraying water system.
The gas containing iron powder is discharged after being purified after entering the air duct 2, and the iron powder is collected through three sections, so that the iron powder recovery is maximized: the spraying cooling and iron powder recovery device 20 is used for primary collection, the dust removal tower 3 is used for secondary collection, and the tail iron powder recovery conical hopper 10 is used for tertiary collection.
The secondary sedimentation of the water containing iron powder improves the recovery rate of the iron powder and the service efficiency of the downstream equipment filter 23: the settler 13 is used for the first sedimentation of the water containing iron powder collected in claim 3, and the supernatant water tank 16 is used for the second sedimentation of the supernatant dusty water overflowing from the settler 13.
And (3) carrying out deep filtration on the settled water containing the iron powder: the water with high content of iron powder solid at the bottom of the settler 13 and the supernatant buffer tank 16 is filtered by flowing to a filter 23 through a collecting pipe 22. The finished product of the iron powder after filtration has low water content and can meet the recovery requirement.
The spraying system adopts the cooler 19 to cool the spraying water, so that the oxidation reaction temperature of the sponge iron powder in the dust-containing gas is reduced, and the utilization rate of the iron powder is improved.
According to the characteristics of the gas iron powder, a wet spraying system is adopted, the oxidation speed of the finished product sponge iron powder in the air is reduced as much as possible, and meanwhile, the processes of multi-point recovery, secondary sedimentation and depth filtration are adopted, so that the blockage and abrasion of the flushing water containing the iron powder to equipment are reduced, the process is easy to operate, the failure rate of the equipment is low, the requirements of the state or the place on the environment-friendly discharge standard of dust are met, and the recovery efficiency of the finished product iron powder is improved; the deep filtration mode replaces the conventional rough treatment modes of slag removal or direct discharge and the like for the water-containing iron powder, and meanwhile, the process water is recycled for cyclic utilization, so that the advantages of water source saving, no wastewater discharge and the like are achieved; the recovery efficiency of the iron powder is high and can reach more than 99.5 percent.
According to the invention, the dust-containing flue gas collected by the dust hood 1 is primarily sprayed and cooled, and simultaneously, iron powder and dust are captured for the first time, then the iron powder and dust are captured for the second time by the dust removal tower 3, then the flue gas containing water drops is subjected to demisting treatment by the plate-type demister 6, the treated flue gas contains the uncaptured finer iron powder and dust, and finally the treated flue gas is captured by the wet-type electric precipitator, and the cleaned flue gas is discharged to a chimney through the induced draft fan 9.
The dust removal tower 3 is internally provided with an airflow uniform distributor 4, a spiral-flow plate demister 5 and a plate demister 6 in sequence from bottom to top, and iron powder and dust in flue gas are gradually removed.
The finished product iron powder recovery system is used for carrying out secondary sedimentation on spray water containing iron powder and dust captured by the spray cooling and iron powder recovery device 20, the dust removal tower 3 and the wet electric precipitator 7 through the settler 13 and the supernatant buffer tank 16, and carrying out deep filtration through the filter 23 to recover finished product iron powder to a warehouse.
The filtrate containing fine iron powder and dust filtered by the filter 23 is sent to the settler 13 for sedimentation by a filtrate pump.
The water overflowing from the settler 13 is settled again by the supernatant buffer tank 16, and then is sent to each spraying point by the spray water pump 18, and the suction inlet of the spray water pump 18 is provided with a pipeline filter.
In order to reduce the oxidation reaction temperature of the sponge iron powder, a cooler 19 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the spray water pump 18 to reduce the water temperature.
The spraying cooling and iron powder recovery device 20 is arranged on the air duct 2, the inner spraying pipe can be arranged in a single row or multiple rows according to the design temperature of the coming smoke, and the spray nozzles on the spraying pipe can be independently arranged or holes can be formed in the pipeline.
In order to prevent the iron powder from entering the spray pipe through the nozzles or the holes, the direction of the nozzles or the holes is in the same direction as the direction of the flue gas, and the nozzles are uniformly arranged on the cross section of the flue.
In order to avoid the abrasion of the flue gas containing iron powder to the spray pipe, abrasion-proof angle steel is welded on the windward side of the spray pipe, which is in contact with the flue gas.
The drainage pipe at the bottom is connected to the first liquid seal pipe 12 at the lower part of the dedusting tower 3, and the connecting part is below the liquid seal of the first liquid seal pipe 12, so that the flue gas is prevented from entering the settler 13 through the drainage pipe, and the sedimentation effect is influenced.
The airflow uniform distributor 4 adopted by the dust removing tower 3 is a conventional porous uniform distribution device; the aperture ratio is controlled to be 30% -45%; the diameter of a single opening is controlled within the range of 35 mm-45 mm.
The whirl plate demister 5 is made of an outward-shaped whirl plate, and other wear-resistant non-metallic materials such as stainless steel or FPR are selected as materials.
The bottom of the dust removal tower 3 is in a cone hopper form, and the inclination angle is controlled to be 50-70 degrees; the conical hopper is made of stainless steel or carbon steel lined stainless steel, and the upper part of the dust removal tower 3 is provided with a conical top outlet.
The demister adopts a flat plate type or a ridge type, and the vane material of the demister adopts metal (including alloy and stainless steel) and high-strength non-metal material.
A first liquid seal pipe 12 at the bottom of the dust removing tower 3 is inserted below the liquid level of a settler 13, the diameter of the first liquid seal pipe 12 is controlled to be 0.5-0.8 m/s according to the liquid flow rate for design, a flow baffle plate 12-1 is arranged at an outlet, and the angle between the flow baffle plate and the horizontal line is 0-60 degrees; a gap of 300-500 mm is reserved between the flow baffle 12-1 and the inner wall of the settler 13.
The diameter of the settler 13 is selected to be controlled within 0.15 mm/s-0.2 mm/s according to the liquid flow rate, a hopper at the bottom of the settler 13 is arranged to be conical, and the inclination angle is 50-70 degrees.
The bottom of the supernatant buffer tank 16 is conical, and the inclination angle is 50-70 degrees.
The material of the anode of the wet electric dust collector 7 is a metal polar plate, conductive glass fiber reinforced plastic and a flexible polar plate, and the wet electric dust collector 7 can be arranged on the upper part of the dust removing tower 3 and also can be independently arranged behind the dust removing tower 3.
The dust collecting cover 1 is fixed, movable up and down and horizontally movable; the induced draft fan is a centrifugal type or an axial flow type; the filtrate water pump 26 and the spray water pump 18 are centrifugal, and pipeline filters are arranged at pump inlets, and the types of the pipeline filters can adopt T-shaped or Y-shaped pipeline filters and basket filters; the pipe cooler 19 is of a shell-and-tube type; the filter 23 is a rotary drum vacuum filter or a belt filter.
The above detailed embodiments with reference to the drawings are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and any modifications and substitutions made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention for the product transportation line or the discharge area, etc. requiring the dust removal by the present technology, such as gas-based reduction iron making, coal-based reduction iron making, etc.