CN113519348A

CN113519348A - Method and device for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using culture medium containing sunflower discs

Info

Publication number: CN113519348A
Application number: CN202110820237.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨郑州; 谢晓娜; 朱正杰
Original assignee: Baise University
Current assignee: Baise University
Priority date: 2021-07-20
Filing date: 2021-07-20
Publication date: 2021-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-20
Also published as: CN113519348B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using a sunflower disc-containing culture medium, which comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a culture medium and subpackaging the culture medium into fungus bags; the culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of sunflower discs, 15-35 parts of wheat bran, 18-40 parts of cottonseed hulls, 0.5-2 parts of gypsum and 0.5-2 parts of cane sugar; step two, sterilizing the culture medium of the fungus bags and the bags; step three, cooling the sterilized fungus bags to 18-28 ℃ for inoculation; and step four, performing spawn running management on the inoculated fungus bags. According to the invention, the sunflower disc is used as a special carbon source, the carbon source of the cottonseed hulls is matched, and the sunflower disc is matched with the wheat bran nitrogen source, so that folic acid is formed in the pleurotus geesteranus body, and the folic acid content of the pleurotus geesteranus is improved.

Description

Method and device for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using culture medium containing sunflower discs

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pleurotus geesteranus cultivation. More particularly, the invention relates to a method and a device for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using a sunflower disc-containing culture medium.

Background

The main nutrient components of the sunflower disk, also called as the sunflower disk, comprise 7 to 9 percent of crude protein, 6.5 to 10.5 percent of crude fat, 17.1 percent of crude fiber, 43.9 percent of nitrogen-free extract, 40.0 to 48.9 percent of crude starch, 2.4 to 3.0 percent of pectin, 10 percent of ash, chlorogenic acid, active polysaccharide and terpenoid active substances. Usually, the sunflower discs are treated as agricultural and sideline wastes, for example, simple and extensive treatment modes such as incineration or random disposal are adopted, which not only pollutes the environment, but also reduces the comprehensive utilization rate of the sunflower crops, so that resources are wasted.

On the other hand, although the sunflower discs are used as a cultivation material in the prior art, the sunflower discs are not used in a high proportion and are only used as nutritional auxiliary materials, so that the value of the sunflower discs is not highlighted. For example, in the cultivation method of the mushroom disclosed in the prior art with publication number of CN 105432323A, the sunflower disc scraps are used as auxiliary nutritional ingredients of the mushroom cultivation material, so that agricultural and sideline waste products are utilized; the lucid ganoderma cultivation material with the publication number of CN 105503379A and the preparation method thereof adopt sunflower discs to be mixed with other components, have good air permeability and are beneficial to the growth of lucid ganoderma hyphae. Therefore, the value of sunflower discs researched by the prior art is not obvious, and particularly, the influence of the sunflower discs used for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus on the folic acid formation in pleurotus geesteranus bodies is not reported in any literature.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.

The invention also aims to provide a method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using the culture medium containing sunflower discs, which is beneficial to forming folic acid in pleurotus geesteranus bodies and improving the folic acid content of pleurotus geesteranus by using the sunflower discs as a special carbon source, matching with a carbon source of cottonseed hulls and a wheat bran nitrogen source.

To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus using a sunflower disc-containing medium, comprising:

step one, preparing a culture medium and subpackaging the culture medium into fungus bags; the culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of sunflower discs, 15-35 parts of wheat bran, 18-40 parts of cottonseed hulls, 0.5-2 parts of gypsum and 0.5-2 parts of cane sugar;

step two, sterilizing the culture medium of the fungus bags and the bags;

step three, cooling the sterilized fungus bags to 18-28 ℃ for inoculation;

and step four, performing spawn running management on the inoculated fungus bags.

Preferably, the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 48 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

Preferably, the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 58 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

Preferably, the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 38 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar, or the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 18 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

Preferably, the medium of step one is prepared by the following steps: uniformly mixing the crushed sunflower discs, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls, gypsum and cane sugar, adding water, uniformly stirring, adding lime to adjust the pH value, and uniformly mixing to obtain the culture medium, wherein the water content of the culture medium is 60-65%, and the pH value is 6.5-8.0.

The present invention also provides a pulverizing apparatus for sunflower pots, comprising:

the crushing box is a cylindrical box body, a first rotating rod is arranged in the box body along the axial direction, a plurality of first crushing blades are arranged on the first rotating rod along the radial direction, a feeding hole is formed in the upper end of the box body, and a discharging hole is formed in the lower end of the box body; the first rotating rod is driven to rotate by a second driving motor so as to drive the first crushing blades to rotate and cut;

the feed hopper, it is big for the upper shed, the infundibulate that the under shed is little, the under shed of feed hopper with smash the feed inlet intercommunication of case, the under shed cross section of feed hopper is the rectangle, sets up the second shear plate that has the cambered surface on a long limit of under shed, is provided with the first shear plate tangent at a certain distance away from the cambered surface of second shear plate on another long limit of under shed, be provided with the second shear blade that multiseriate cuts decurrent on the cambered surface of second shear plate, be provided with the first shear blade that multiseriate cuts decurrent on the first shear plate, the first shear plate slides from top to bottom along feed hopper slope inner wall through first driving motor drive it, makes first shear plate and second shear plate relative motion to drive the sunflower basin in the feed hopper cut the unloading through between the cambered surface of first shear plate and second shear plate, wherein, the multiple rows of first shearing blades and the multiple rows of second shearing blades are staggered at intervals.

Preferably, a slide rail for sliding the first shear plate is provided on an inclined inner wall of the feed hopper.

Preferably, the distance between the arc surfaces of the first shearing plate and the second shearing plate is tangent and can be adjusted according to working conditions, the distance ranges from 1.5 cm to 4cm, and the blade lengths of the first shearing blade and the second shearing blade are 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm.

Preferably, a first driving motor drives the first shearing plate to slide up and down along the inclined inner wall of the feeding hopper through a first driving connecting piece so as to drive the sunflower basin in the feeding hopper to cut and discharge materials between the cambered surfaces of the first shearing plate and the second shearing plate.

Preferably, a second rotating rod is arranged in the crushing box along the axial direction, a plurality of second crushing blades are arranged on the second rotating rod along the radial direction, the second rotating rod is driven to rotate by a third driving motor so as to drive the second crushing blades to rotate and cut, and the second crushing blades and the first crushing blades are arranged at intervals in a staggered mode from top to bottom along the axial direction of the second rotating rod.

The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:

firstly, the culture medium containing the sunflower discs is used for cultivating the pleurotus geesteranus, and when the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled to be certain and ideally is 78:20, the carbon source content of the sunflower discs is reduced within a certain range, so that folic acid is formed in the pleurotus geesteranus. Under the condition of a certain carbon-nitrogen ratio, when the sunflower discs are replaced by the wood chips as the main carbon source, the content of the carbon source of the wood chips is reduced within a certain range, which is also beneficial to the formation of folic acid in the pleurotus geesteranus body, but the folic acid content is obviously lower than that of the pleurotus geesteranus cultivated by the culture medium containing the sunflower discs.

Secondly, the dried sunflower pots are light and irregular in shape, so that the feeding is easy to clamp, the smashing is difficult, the processing efficiency is influenced, and the use in a culture medium is influenced, therefore, the invention provides the smashing device for smashing the sunflower pots. According to the smashing device, the lower opening of the feed hopper is provided with the first shearing plate and the second shearing plate which move relatively, so that the sunflower pots in the feed hopper are driven to cut and discharge materials through the cambered surfaces of the first shearing plate and the second shearing plate, and the problems of light sunflower pots with irregular shapes, material discharge clamping and smashing difficulty are solved.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one implementation form of a smashing device for sunflower pots according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a feed hopper of the smashing device for sunflower pots of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a left enlarged structural view of a first shearing plate of the smashing device for sunflower flowerpots, disclosed by the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another implementation form of the smashing device for the sunflower pots, disclosed by the invention.

Wherein the reference numerals are: a feed hopper 1; a first drive motor 2; a first drive connection 3; a first shear plate 4; a second shear plate 5; a crushing box 6; a second drive motor 7; a first crushing blade 8; a first rotary rod 9; a discharge port 10; a first shearing blade 11; a second cutting blade 12; a third drive motor 13; a second rotating lever 14; and a second crushing blade 15.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.

It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

Example 1

A method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using a sunflower disc-containing culture medium comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing a culture medium and subpackaging the culture medium into fungus bags; the culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 18 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar;

step two, sterilizing the culture medium of the fungus bags and the bags;

step three, cooling the sterilized fungus bags to 18-28 ℃ for inoculation;

Wherein the culture medium of the first step is prepared by the following steps: the method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing crushed sunflower discs, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls, gypsum and cane sugar, adding water, uniformly stirring, adding water while stirring to enable all materials to be completely wet and not blocky, then grabbing a culture material with a hand, and holding a fist tightly, wherein when people see that the culture material has water but does not drip out, the water content is 60-65%, and adding lime to adjust the pH value to be 6.5-8.0. Step one, 3 times of repetition are needed in the process of subpackaging the culture medium into fungus bags, and the specification of the bagged pleurotus geesteranus filling bags is as follows: 17cm by 35cm by 0.05cm, and the dry matter weight per bag is 0.6 kg. In order to avoid pollution caused by fungus bags, the material mixing is completed in the morning, the bagging is completed in the noon, and the principle of bagging during the material mixing day is followed. To avoid gaps, when the bags are manually bagged, the bags are lifted up when the bags are filled to about one third, then the bags are carefully vibrated on the ground for a few times to be solid, the materials are compacted by force, each bag is filled to three quarters, the bag opening is approximately left to be 6cm, and then the bag opening is sealed.

And step two, sterilizing the culture medium of the fungus bags and the bags together, specifically: when the fungus bags are placed into a sterilization pot, the fungus bags are overlapped and discharged from bottom to top according to a certain rule, a straight line is formed between the upper bag and the lower bag, and the space is reserved between the front bag and the rear bag, so that the air flow can uniformly run in a bin, the incomplete sterilization is prevented, the local dead angle is prevented, and the fungus bags are sterilized for 2 hours at the temperature of 121 ℃.

Wherein, the fungus bags are required to be ensured to be in a cooling state during inoculation in the third step, inoculation is carried out immediately after cooling, the possibility of fungus infection is increased, and the temperature is below 28 ℃ for inoculation so as to avoid burning dead fungus blocks and influence the survival rate of strains.

1. Preparation of work before inoculation: firstly, the inoculation place is disinfected in all aspects before one week of inoculation; secondly, before inoculation, 75% alcohol is applied to disinfect both hands; then placing the pleurotus geesteranus original seed bottle.

2. An inoculation mode comprises the following steps: after the inoculated bags were alcohol-coated on the outside for sterilization, they were then placed in a sterile operating station where sterilization with ultraviolet lamps was completed. Inoculating, mashing Pleurotus geesteranus with sterilized inoculating shovel, opening the bag opening (the bag opening should be inclined to the flame side, and do not stand) near the flame of alcohol burner, quickly inoculating the Pleurotus geesteranus into the bag, spreading the bag material, and fastening the bag opening.

3. After inoculation is finished, a label is attached, and the label content comprises: date of inoculation, formulation and weight, name of strain, name of vaccinee, etc.

Wherein, the spawn running management in the four steps:

1. after inoculation is finished, the fungus bags are placed indoors for fungus generation, and meanwhile, the indoor environment must be ventilated normally, cleanly and without illumination. When the inoculation is carried out on the seventh day, turning over the pile to check whether the fungi are infected, checking hypha germination and field planting, and growing white villus hyphae on the inoculated part under normal conditions: checking the contamination condition of the fungi in the fungi bags, and if the fungi in the fungi bags are found to be contaminated, immediately removing the fungi bags and isolating the fungi bags; the growth speed and the contamination of the hyphae are noted and recorded while the growth condition of the hyphae is checked.

2. And (3) fruiting management: the bags filled with mycelia are transferred to a culture room which is sterilized by potassium permanganate in advance, is used for killing insects by insecticide and is sprayed with alcohol. The fungus bags are orderly arranged on an iron frame bed, and an upper layer and a lower layer are arranged to avoid slow growth of hyphae caused by excessive extrusion. During the growth of hyphae, we must ensure the humidity of air and the smooth ventilation. Meanwhile, a method for promoting buds by using day-night temperature difference and humidity improvement is also needed, and complete sporocarp can be formed after mushroom buds are formed for 3-5 days generally, so that the purpose of fruiting is achieved.

3. Harvesting: the pleurotus geesteranus picking work is suitable for being carried out on sunny days, the picked pleurotus geesteranus needs to be dried or refrigerated in time, and the pleurotus geesteranus cannot be stacked, so that waste caused by rotten pleurotus geesteranus is avoided. The harvested mushroom bed should be cleaned in time to promote the growth of the next mushroom.

Example 2

The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using sunflower disc-containing culture medium is basically the same as that in example 1, and the only difference is that: the culture medium comprises different raw materials in parts by mass. The culture medium of the embodiment 2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 48 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

Example 3

The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using sunflower disc-containing culture medium is basically the same as that in example 1, and the only difference is that: the culture medium comprises different raw materials in parts by mass. The culture medium adopted in the embodiment 3 comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 58 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

Example 4

The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using sunflower disc-containing culture medium is basically the same as that in example 1, and the only difference is that: the culture medium comprises different raw materials in parts by mass. The culture medium adopted in the embodiment 4 comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 38 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar

Example 5

The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using sunflower disc-containing culture medium is basically the same as that in example 1, and the only difference is that: the culture medium comprises different raw materials in parts by mass. The culture medium adopted in the embodiment 5 comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 18 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

Example 6

The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using sunflower disc-containing culture medium is basically the same as that in example 1, and the only difference is that: the culture medium comprises different raw materials in parts by mass. The culture medium adopted in example 6 comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 40 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

Comparative example 1

The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using sunflower disc-containing culture medium is basically the same as that in example 1, and the only difference is that: the culture medium comprises different raw materials in parts by mass, and sunflower discs are replaced by broad-leaved tree wood chips. The culture medium adopted in comparative example 1 comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of broad-leaved tree sawdust, 20 parts of wheat bran, 18 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

Comparative example 2

The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using sunflower disc-containing culture medium is basically the same as that in example 2, and the only difference is that: the culture medium comprises different raw materials in parts by mass, and sunflower discs are replaced by broad-leaved tree wood chips.

Comparative example 3

The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using sunflower disc-containing culture medium is basically the same as that in example 3, and the only difference is that: the culture medium comprises different raw materials in parts by mass, and sunflower discs are replaced by broad-leaved tree wood chips.

< statistics of Experimental data >

Statistical data on the growth of hyphae in the Pleurotus geesteranus bags are shown in Table 1, and the data in Table 1 are the influence of the cultivation processes of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-3 on the growth of hyphae.

	Average height of fungus bag (mm)	Total number of days (d) of filling the bag	Total average growth rate of hyphae
				Example 1	178.5	34.3	5.20
Example 2	182.2	28.9	6.31
				Example 3	182.8	28.4	6.44
Example 4	181.9	29.3	6.21
				Example 5	182.1	29.5	6.17
Example 6	179.1	33.6	5.38
				Comparative example 1	178.2	35.1	5.08
Comparative example 2	180.6	30.1	6.00
				Comparative example 3	180.9	33.3	5.43

Note: the data in table 1 are the total average of 3 replicates, and the average hyphal growth rate is the average height of the bags per day of full bag.

The data in the table 1 show that the growth lengths of the fungus sacs in comparative examples 1 to 3 which take broadleaf wood chips as main materials are slower than those in examples 1 to 3 which take sunflower discs as main materials under different carbon sources and the same inoculation and management conditions.

The data of the content of folic acid in pleurotus geesteranus harvested in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3 measured by fluorescence spectrophotometry in this experiment are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

The comparison of the data in Table 2 shows that, when the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled to be constant, for example, when the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 78:20 in examples 2-5, the carbon source content of the sunflower discs is reduced to a certain extent, which is beneficial to the formation of folic acid in the Pleurotus geesteranus. Under the condition of a certain carbon-nitrogen ratio, for example, when the carbon-nitrogen ratio of comparative examples 2-3 is 78:20, and the sunflower discs are replaced by the wood chips as the main carbon source, the reduction of the carbon source content of the wood chips in a certain range is also beneficial to the formation of folic acid in the pleurotus geesteranus body, but the folic acid content is obviously lower than that of the pleurotus geesteranus cultivated by the sunflower disc-containing culture medium. The reason is probably that when the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 78:20, a certain amount of carbon source of sunflower discs is added, so that the carbon source is more easily converted by thalli, folic acid is generated through biochemical reaction, and the folic acid content is increased.

The embodiment 1-6 of the invention adopts crushed sunflower discs, and the dried sunflower discs of the purchase agreed batch are crushed by the crushing device of the invention. Referring to fig. 1-3, one embodiment of the comminution device for sunflower pots according to the invention is shown, which comprises:

the crushing box 6 is a cylindrical box body, a first rotating rod 9 is arranged in the box body along the axial direction, a plurality of first crushing blades 8 are arranged on the first rotating rod 9 along the radial direction, a feeding hole is formed in the upper end of the box body, and a discharging hole 10 is formed in the lower end of the box body; the first rotating rod 9 is driven to rotate by the second driving motor 7 so as to drive the plurality of first crushing blades 8 to rotate and cut;

the feeding hopper 1 is a funnel-shaped structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, the lower opening of the feeding hopper 1 is communicated with the feeding port of the crushing box 6, the cross section of the lower opening of the feeding hopper 1 is rectangular, a second shearing plate 5 with a cambered surface is arranged on one long edge of the lower opening, a first shearing plate 4 which is tangent with the cambered surface of the second shearing plate 5 at a certain distance is arranged on the other long edge of the lower opening, a plurality of rows of obliquely downward cutting second shearing blades 12 are arranged on the cambered surface of the second shearing plate 5, a plurality of rows of obliquely downward cutting first shearing blades 11 are arranged on the first shearing plate 4, the first shearing plate 4 is driven by a first driving motor 2 to slide up and down along the inclined inner wall of the feeding hopper 1, so that the first shearing plate 4 and the second shearing plate 5 move relatively to drive a sunflower basin in the feeding hopper 1 to cut and discharge materials between the cambered surfaces of the first shearing plate 4 and the second shearing plate 5, wherein, the rows of first shearing blades 11 and the rows of second shearing blades 12 are staggered at intervals. That is, blade tracks and blank tracks are sequentially arranged on the first shearing plate 4 from left to right at intervals, and a row of first shearing blades 11 are arranged on the blade tracks; blank channels and blade channels are sequentially arranged on the second shearing plate 5 from left to right at intervals, a row of second shearing blades 12 are arranged on the blade channels, first shearing blades 11 used for the first shearing plate 4 are arranged on the blank channels of the second shearing plate 5 in a scribing mode, and second shearing blades 12 used for the second shearing plate 5 are arranged on the blank channels of the first shearing plate 4 in a scribing mode.

The working principle of the crushing device provided by the invention is as follows: under the action of relative movement of the first shearing plate and the second shearing plate, when the first shearing plate slides downwards along the inclined inner wall of the feeding hopper, a first shearing blade which is obliquely downward cut on the first shearing plate pushes the sunflower disc towards the lower opening of the feeding hopper, then under the action of a second shearing blade which is obliquely downward cut on the second shearing plate, the sunflower disc is not easy to withdraw from the upper opening of the feeding hopper and continues to push towards the lower opening of the feeding hopper, and then when the sunflower disc moves to a tangent position where the arc surfaces of the first shearing plate and the second shearing plate are away from each other by a certain distance, the sunflower disc is cut into strips by a plurality of rows of first shearing blades and a plurality of rows of second shearing blades; when first shear plate slided upwards along feeder hopper slope inner wall, on being cut into banding sunflower disc and dropping rotatory first crushing blade, cut into the section to carry out and refine through the rotatory cutting of first crushing blade, improve machining efficiency, and solve the unloading card and smash the problem of difficulty.

On the basis of the above implementation form, a sliding rail for sliding the first shear plate 4 is arranged on the inclined inner wall of the feed hopper 1.

On the basis of the implementation form, the distance between the first shearing plate 4 and the arc surface of the second shearing plate 5 which is tangent at a certain distance can be adjusted according to the working condition, in the actual working process, the distance between the first shearing plate 4 and the arc surface of the second shearing plate 5 which is tangent can be changed by adjusting the position of the sliding rail embedded into the inclined inner wall of the feed hopper 1, the distance ranges from 1.5 cm to 4cm, and the blade lengths of the first shearing blade 11 and the second shearing blade 12 are 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm.

On the basis of the above-mentioned realization form, first driving motor 2 drives first shear plate 4 through first drive connecting piece 3 and slides from top to bottom along feeder hopper 1 slope inner wall to drive the sunflower basin in feeder hopper 1 and cut the unloading through between the cambered surface of first shear plate 4 and second shear plate 5. The first driving connecting piece 3 can be realized by a telescopic rod or a rack and gear meshed driving way.

On the basis of the above implementation form, as shown in fig. 4, a second rotating rod 14 is arranged in the crushing box 6 along the axial direction, a plurality of second crushing blades 15 are arranged on the second rotating rod 14 along the radial direction, the second rotating rod 14 is driven to rotate by a third driving motor 13 to drive the plurality of second crushing blades 15 to rotate and cut, and the plurality of second crushing blades 15 and the plurality of first crushing blades 8 are arranged in a staggered manner from top to bottom along the axial direction of the second rotating rod 14.

While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using a sunflower disc-containing culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step two, sterilizing the culture medium of the fungus bags and the bags;

step three, cooling the sterilized fungus bags to 18-28 ℃ for inoculation;

2. The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using the sunflower disc-containing culture medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 48 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

3. The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using the sunflower disc-containing culture medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 58 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

4. The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using the sunflower disc-containing culture medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 38 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar, or the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of sunflower discs, 20 parts of wheat bran, 18 parts of cottonseed hulls, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of cane sugar.

5. The method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus by using the sunflower disc-containing medium as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the medium in the first step is prepared by the following steps: uniformly mixing the crushed sunflower discs, wheat bran, cottonseed hulls, gypsum and cane sugar, adding water, uniformly stirring, adding lime to adjust the pH value, and uniformly mixing to obtain the culture medium, wherein the water content of the culture medium is 60-65%, and the pH value is 6.5-8.0.

6. A reducing mechanism for sunflower flowerpot, its characterized in that includes:

7. A crushing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a slide rail for sliding the first shearing plate is provided on an inclined inner wall of the feed hopper.

8. The crushing apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein a distance between the first shearing plate and the arc surface of the second shearing plate, which is tangent at a certain distance, is adjustable according to working conditions, the distance is in the range of 1.5-4cm, and the blade length of the first shearing blade and the second shearing blade is in the range of 1.5-2.5 cm.

9. A shredder assembly according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the first drive motor drives the first shear plate to slide up and down the inclined inner wall of the hopper via the first drive connection to drive the sunflower bowl within the hopper to cut material through the gap between the curved surfaces of the first and second shear plates.

10. The crushing apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein a second rotating bar is axially provided in the crushing tank, a plurality of second crushing blades are radially provided on the second rotating bar, the second rotating bar is rotated by a third driving motor to rotate the plurality of second crushing blades, and the plurality of second crushing blades are arranged to be spaced apart from the plurality of first crushing blades from top to bottom in the axial direction of the second rotating bar.